攻克2016考研英语完型 笑傲考研英语.doc
2017考研英语一完型填空真题及答案详解
2016年考研英语一真题完型填空及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia,the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male.It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman,but also a matchmaker.A young man can__2__a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to__3__the marriage negotiations,or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse,giving the child little to say in the selection.__4__,a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.__5__a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying__6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days,__7__by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and__8__prayers of blessing.Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists,and__10__a candlearound a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the__11__.Newlyseds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may__12__with them up to a year,__13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to__14__,but not common. Divoreced persons are__15__with some disapproval.Each spouse retains__16__property he or she__17__into the marriage,and jointly-acquired property is__18__equally.Divorced persons may remarry,but a gender prejudice__19__up:The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry__20__the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of[B]on behalf of[C]as well as[D]with regard to[标准答案][C]as well as[考点分析]逻辑关系[选项分析]因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境not only…but also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项as well as也，又。
考研英语完型填空-(三)_真题-无答案
考研英语完型填空-(三)(总分160,考试时间90分钟)Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishIn a family where the roles of women and men are not sharply separated, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this (1) leads to further sharing. In such a home, the (2) boy and girl learn to (3) the equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for (4) ina world characterized by cooperation (5) by the "battle of the sexes".(6) the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as (7) important and that has happened in some eases-we are badly off as before, only (8) reverse.It is time to (9) the role of the American family. We are getting tired of "Momism" but we don't want to (10) it for a "neo-Popism". What we need, rather, is (11) that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that experts on the family are (12) of the part men play and that they have decided that woman should not receive all the (13) -nor all the blame. We have almost (14) saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, (15) , to analyze men's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place (16) to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to (17) rules, because each family needs to work to its own ways for (18) its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy (19) , whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the (20) of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.1. A. by turns B. in turn C. at length D. in fact2. A. raising B. developing C. growing D. shaping3. A. acquire B. accept C. respect D. accomplish4. A. position B. anticipation C. interaction D. participation5. A. other than B. in spite of C. as well as D. rather than6. A. If B. Although C. But D. Therefore7. A. less B. more C. very D. no8. A. of B. in C. with D. by9. A. revalue B. reassess C. reassume D. re-examine10. A. recommend B. replace C. exchange D. supplement11. A. experience B. recognition C. inclination D. knowledge12. A. tire B. aware C. sick D. sure13. A. task B. duty C. credit D. need14. A. turned down B. put forward C. given up D. died away15. A. though B. meanwhile C. moreover D. however16. A. relative B. inadequate C. irrelevant D. dedicated17. A. lay down B. get over C. carry on D. sum up18. A. analyzing B. dealing C. solving D. facing19. A. outcomes B. troubles C. consequences D. reasons20. A. theory B. ideal C. principle D. conceptNearly three-quarter of the Earth is covered with water. The (1) of the continents, especially in the temperate zones, is very much (2) by the oceans around them. The areas (3) the sea have a " (4) climate", with rather cool summers and warm winters. The interiors, far from the sea, have a climate with extremely hot summers and cold winters.**es from the evaporation of rivers, seas and lakes. (5) after heavy rain, the pavements in a city do not take (6) to dry because the rainwater evaporates into the air. On a warm dry day it evaporates very rapidly, as warm air can absorb more (7) than cold air. (8) at any particular temperature, the atmosphere can hold only a certain (9) amount of water vapor. The air is then saturated, (10) a sponge that cannot hold any more water. The lower the temperature, the (11) water vapour is required to saturate the air.All over the surface of the Earth, millions of tons of water are evaporating every second, (12) in the air into drops so small that it (13) thousands of them to make a single raindrop. It is these (14) droplets that make clouds. When clouds roll in from the sea over the warmer land, they are forced to (15) and become cooler in the colder upper atmosphere. As the air (16) it may pass through its (17) point and then some of its water vapor turns to rain. Day in, day out, the (18) water circulates between the air and the land: rivers evaporate to make clouds, clouds make rain, rain makes rivers which (19) run into the sea. This is called the rain (20) .21. A. temperature B. shape C. feature D. climate22. A. effected B. threatened C. circled D. affected23. A. under B. far from C. close to D. above24. A. marine B. tough C. continental D. variable25. A. Only B. Just C. Even D. Namely26. A. time B. long C. form D. cold27. A. rainwater B. gas C. steam D. moisture28. A. Therefore B. While C. But D. So29. A. limited B. maximum C. minimum D. reasonable30. A. because B. for C. like D. since31. A. more B. less C. fewer D. greater32. A. compressing B. flowing C. condensing D. heating33. A. needs B. takes C. requires D. contains34. A. saturated B. individual C. tiny D. circulating35. A. move B. drop C. drift D. rise36. A. cools down B. freezes C. warms up D. spreads37. A. saturation B. cooling C. boiling D. melting38. A. running B. vaporized C. rainy D. same39. A. in turn B. at times C. by accident D. in consequence40. A. evaporation B. phenomenon C. system D. cycle。
2005-2016考研英语二答案解析
2016考研英语二答案解析Section I Use of English1、[答案]C how[解析]根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。
四个选项的意思中，只有C。
how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。
2、[答案]B In particular[解析]空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。
空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。
很显然，前后句子是总分关系。
选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。
3、[答案]D necessary[解析]根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。
幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D。
necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。
其他选项与原文内容语义不符。
4、[答案]C optimism[解析]空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。
5、[答案]D change[解析]空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。
选项中A。
echo 回声 B。
miss 思念 C。
spoil 溺爱 D。
change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。
故D项正确。
6、[答案]B measured[解析]原文：So they compared U.S。
考研英语辅导---第三次课(完形填空语法) (1)
练习 The use of advanced techniques by farmers who could afford them could raise their incomes through increased productivity although prices went down. 虽然价格下跌，用得起先进技术的农民仍可 以通过提高生产力来增加自己的收入。 The ratio in the table shows the extent to which value added in agriculture has been protected relative to value added in industry. 表中的比率表明与工业增值相比，农业增值 所受到的保护程度。
某一特定的语法结构的形式、意义和用法这
三者之间是相互联系的，图示如下：
形式（Form） 语法结构怎样构成 （准确性）（基础）
意义（Meaning） 语法结构表达什么意义 （表意性）（关键）
Байду номын сангаас
用法（Usage） 何时/为什么使用 （合适性）（目的）
两个目标、三个阶段：
高级阶段 过渡阶段 初级阶段
意义：某个语法结构表达的意义。 如“现在完成进行时”可以表示“一个活动从过去一直 延续到现在说话时刻”这样的含义，这就是现在完成时态这 一结构所具备的语法意义。 由此可以看出，特定意义一般是对应于特定的结构形式 的，或者说，特定的结构形式能够表达特定的意义。 对于一个句子，它的含义不仅仅是来自于句中所使用的 词汇的含义，而是还有来自于其中特定语法结构所含有的语 法意义。
演绎
即兴回答提问 想象 理解，想出
真题词汇句型
考研英语一完型技巧
考研英语一完型技巧
考研英语一完型填空是考试中的重点和难点之一，考生在备考中需要掌握一些技巧来提高自己的答题效率和正确率。
以下是几个考研英语一完型填空的技巧：
1. 阅读全文：在填空前，先通读全文，了解文章大意，掌握文
章的主题和段落结构，这有助于我们更好地理解文章中的单词和句子。
2. 尝试猜测：填空时，根据文章的语境和逻辑关系来尝试猜测
空格处应该填入的单词或短语，同时要考虑填入的单词是否符合语法和词汇的要求。
3. 注意上下文：填写每个空格时，要注意前后文的联系，理解
文章的逻辑顺序，特别是要注意代词和名词的一致性。
4. 利用选项：在填空时，可以根据选项的词义和语法结构来判
断正确答案，尤其是有些选项在其他空格中已经出现过，可以根据这个来确定正确答案。
5. 注意时间：考研英语一的完型填空一般时间较紧，需要考生
快速作答，不能花费太多时间在一个空格上，如果遇到难度较大的题目，可以先跳过，待做完其他题目后再回来处理。
以上是考研英语一完型填空的一些技巧，希望考生在备考过程中能够加以应用，提高自己的答题能力和考试成绩。
- 1 -。
攻克 2015 考研英语之完形填空
攻克2015考研英语之完形填空完型填空考题类型解析-----------------------------------2完型填空复习指导----------------------------------------4完形填空答题技巧(“红花绿“)-------------------------5完型填空必考固定搭配汇总-----------------------------14考研完形可谓是很多考生心中永远的痛，难于摸清规律，难于把握重点，难于归纳总结，也就造就了考研完形基本靠蒙的心态。
没有规矩不成方圆，作为一个测试项目，一定有其规律所在，如果我们仔细地分析一下考研完形的出题类型，并根据这些特点，制定出合理可行的复习计划，掌握重要的做题方法，我们一样可以在完型上拿高分。
下面考试点为大家讲解一下考研英语完型填空题的复习备考方法。
完型填空考题类型解析完型填空一定要注重思路和寻找线索能力的训练，做题的基本思路是，根据已知信息去填空，根据空前后的线索来选择填什么。
比方说，题目让考生填主句的内容，那么从句中就会有相应的说明。
题目让考生填动词，原文常常在别的地方出现这个动词的同义词。
那么如何判断呢？首先根据需要填写动词后面出现的宾语，找到有同一宾语的句子，该句中的动词就是所需填写词的同义词。
常见搭配、固定词组常常作为完型填空的考点。
如果题目让你填单词，常常与搭配有关系，在平时就应该有意识地积累一些固定词组和搭配，这样，在考试时，就能节省很多时间，并且记忆搭配、词组等还有利于作文的写作等很多方面，所以为了很好地应付这些题型，要在平时准备过程中多下工夫，多积累。
另外，在平常练习中，学生做题要张弛有度，把握时间，速度要快。
不用把文章全部细读一遍，可针对考点做题。
注意每段话的首句，完型填空20道题目尽量控制在20分钟内做完。
考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）；的辨识能力等。
考研英语完型填空真题分析、答题技巧及词性分析讲解精华版
一. 完型填空的特点以及测试要点A、特点1、首段首句不出题(240-300字)(每隔4-15个出一个空，是这样么?)事实上不是的，有种特别难的题目，虽然两个空格之间存在…距离‟，但是逻辑关系上面却是…紧密相连‟的，这相当于就变成了两个…挨在一起‟的空格，成为了最难的题目。
例如：2、完型填空所写答案是最佳答案，而不是最正确答案(为什么?)其实这也就是考研…难度‟的体现，有时候会出现语法、句意上面都对的几个选项，那么这个时候就应该选择最佳的答案，而不仅仅是…正确‟的答案。
这个要求，在考研完型题目之前的…direction‟里面说的清清楚楚…3、普遍联系的观点解完型填空的每个题。
(鸟笼思想，一个空的正确有时取决其它空…)4、体裁：(议论文，说明文为主，很少有记叙文)(94年语言、睡眠、维生素，98年的临时工、工业革命发展…)5、完美性①有一个明确的主题②有鲜明的态度③文章全是总分结构B、测试要点1、阅读能力①对文章整体把握和理解②上下段、上下句之间的逻辑关系③句子的内部结构(复杂句多)2、英语知识运用能力(正式名称)1)结构识别――语法能力(19%)2)固定习语、搭配――介词(14%)3)词义辨析及使用(67%)比较常见的几种逻辑关系：并列关系:and, and also, or, neither…nor, either…or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as递进关系:then, also, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, indeed因果关系:because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so(such)…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, in response to, with, for this reason, lead to, too…to转折关系:but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of让步关系:although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of其他：列举关系:first—second—last of all, first—then, to begin with—to continue/next, on one hand—on the other hand, for one thing—for another thing, one—another, some—others—still others举例关系:such as, for example, for instance, of these/those/them, among these/those/them, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namely总结关系:in all, in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, altogether, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, to generalize, to put it in one word二. 如何准备完型填空a) 突破词汇关，尤其是常考词组，容易混淆的词。
考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词
考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词出国留学考研网为大家提供考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!考研英语完型中常见的10种逻辑关系词下面十种常见的逻辑关系词汇总，小伙伴们一定要牢牢记住，才能在日后做题的过程中一路畅通。
因果关系because;for;since;as;therefore;consequently;hence;so;thu s;so…that;such…that;inorderthat;accordingly(因此;于是;相应地);dueto;thanksto;asaresult;inthat(=because);nowthat(既然);becauseof;consideringthat,seeingthat;inresponseto;forth isreason;转折关系but;however;onthecontrary;contrarily;bycontrast;incontra st;conversely;insteadof;ratherthan;unlike,ontheotherhand;un fortunately;让步关系although;though;eventhough;even;evenif;nevertheless;desp ite;inspiteof;while;as;Kingashewas,hewasnothappy.Childashei s,heknowsalot.Hardthough/ashetried,hefailed;对比关系while;whereas;as;insteadof;ratherthan;not…but;列举关系firstsecondlastofall;inthefirstplaceinthesecondplacefina lly;tobeginwithtocontinue;first…then;ononehand…ontheotherhand;foronething…foranother;one…another;some…others…sti llothers;时间关系when;whenever,before;after;since;as;while;until;till;sim ultaneously;meanwhile;inthemeantime,atthesametime;距离关系suchas,forexample,forinstance,of(these,those,them);among (these,those,them)，toillustrate,asanillustration,totakeanexample,morespecifica llyspeaking,namely;条件关系if;onlyif;ifonly;unless,otherwise;assoonas;aslongas;prov idingthat;providedthat;onconditionthat;when;whenever;with;递进关系also;then;besides;inaddition;additionally;furthermore;wh atismore;moreover;indeed;theotherone;anotherone;apartfrom;a boveall;并列关系and;andalso;or;neithernor;eitheror;notonly…but(also)…; inthesameway;thatistosay;similarly;likewise;equally;aswella s,same…as;考研英语各题型中，数完形填空的难度最大，小伙伴们在训练的时候遇到的困难也最多。
考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷11(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷11(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have【C1】______that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually【C2】______. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. 【C3】______, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an【C4】______of good health. Of even greater【C5】______is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined【C6】______body mass index, or BMI. BMI【C7】______body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, 【C8】______, can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem【C9】______, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 【C10】______others with a low BMI may be in poor【C11】______. For example, many collegiate and professional football players 【C12】______as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a【C13】______BMI. Today we have a(an) 【C14】______to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes【C15】______in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes【C16】______with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. 【C17】______very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity, 【C18】______in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity【C19】______My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign【C20】______childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1．【C1】A．deniedB．concludedC．doubtedD．ensured正确答案：B2．【C2】A．protective B．dangerous C．sufficient D．troublesome正确答案：A3．【C3】A．Instead B．However C．Likewise D．Therefore 正确答案：C4．【C4】A．indicator B．objective C．origin D．example正确答案：A5．【C5】A．impact B．relevance C．assistance D．concern正确答案：D6．【C6】A．in terms of B．in case of C．in favor of D．in respect of 正确答案：A7．【C7】A．measures B．determinesC．equals D．modifies正确答案：C8．【C8】A．in essence B．in contrast C．in turnD．in part正确答案：C9．【C9】A．complicated B．conservative C．variable D．straightforward正确答案：D10．【C10】A．soB．while C．since D．unless正确答案：B11．【C11】A．shape B．spirit C．balance D．taste正确答案：A12．【C12】A．start B．qualify C．retire D．stay正确答案：B13．【C13】A．strange B．changeable C．normal D．constant正确答案：C14．【C14】A．option B．reason C．opportunity D．tendency正确答案：D15．【C15】A．employed B．pictured C．imitated D．monitored 正确答案：B16．【C16】A．compared B．combined C．settled D．associated 正确答案：D17．【C17】A．Even B．Still C．Yet D．Only正确答案：A18．【C18】A．despised B．correctedC．ignored D．grounded正确答案：D19．【C19】A．discussions B．businesses C．policies D．studies正确答案：C20．【C20】A．for B．against C．with D．without正确答案：B。
考研英语完型填空答题技巧以及分析
考研英语完型填空答题技巧以及分析 考研英语完型考场答题技巧 捋清思路和*结构 大家做题的时候很容易陷入这样的误区，就是跳过通读全文了解大意的步骤，而是拿到题之后上来就做题。这样很容易把自己局限在一个小范围内画地为牢，当然这样做出来的答案正确率一定不会高了。小伙伴们在拿到一篇*之后，首先要快速浏览一遍*，至少要知道*到底讲了什么，是议论文还是记叙文，是真实报道还是故事，是正在发生的还是已经发生的。这些信息对于我们之后的做题有很大用处，很多童靴做题时会栽在时态语态这些最简单的点上，而这都是因为没有对*有一个整体性的把握所造成的。
注意多义词汇和固定搭配的积累 大家在平时的复习中要注意固定搭配的用法和积累。这个过程应该是长期的，没有捷径可取的。在平时的真题训练中，要注意固定搭配和高频词汇的收集和整理，而这些在应用中积累下来的琐碎知识点，我们才能记得更牢，同时，在平时的训练中肯定也会频繁地运用这些知识点，在运用中学习才会记得更牢。大家可以在学习的过程中，把高频的词汇和固定搭配整理到一起，然后统一复习，再在具体做题的过程中检验复习的效果。
提升做题速度 在考场上，时间就是生命，如果在考场上考试时间不够用，你掌握再多的答题技巧，你复习得再扎实都是白搭。所以不光是对专业的训练需要我们花费时间和精力，我们一样要去对付时间不够用这个人世纪难题。大家在复习的时候要尽量训练自己做题的速度，同时还得保证题目的正确率。提高了速度，节省下来的多余的时间我们需要分摊给最耗时耗力的阅读题型。所以说这也是一项艰苦的任务，童靴们可要打起十二万分的精神。 考研英语完型填空高分技巧和分析
一、动词题解题方法 1.看主语，注意主谓搭配一致。 a.看主语是人还是物. 主语必须是人的动词:believe,doubt,intend,require,respect,regard, be impressed by,notice,present. 主语必须是物的:manifest 2.主谓一致原则 (考的比较少了) Too often, careless use of words 43 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.
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just a moment ago填空处后面的“我们把钥
匙放在……”为提示线索，只能是“记不清
把钥匙放在哪里”，所以选where.
第二，练习时注重积累常见搭配、固定词组。考研完型中的
题目常常与搭配有关系，在平时就应该有意识地积累一些固定词
组和搭配，考试时能节省很多时间，同时提高准确率。例如2016
考研完型第6题，It turns that the brain needs exercise in much the
same way our muscles do… “It turns that…”就是“证明是……”
的固定词组，答案只能选turns.记忆固定搭配、词组等还有利于
作文的写作等很多方面所以要在平时准备过程中多下工夫，多积
累。
第三，练习时要把握时间，速度要快。不要把文章从头到尾
精读一遍，要针对填空处精读。注意每段话的首句，和填空处前
一句和后一句。2016考研完型基本没有出现超纲词汇，整体难
度略低于往年，考生可以控制在20分钟内做完
第四，打基础。词汇量是我们的基本要求，同学们要按照大
纲的词汇要求对单词进行准确的理解把握与识记。2016年考研
英语完型仍重点考察基础词汇和核心词汇。对15考生而言，寒
假的时间真的很宝贵。做什么呢？背单词。早背早受益。
第五，练真题 学方法。完型填空主要测试考生结合上下文
的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，完型填空考核的重点是：语法、
词汇（固定搭配、词汇辨析）和逻辑关系三大类题型。要求考生
能够从整个篇章角度对文章进行把握，又能够从句子之间的逻辑
关系和句子内部来把握，并对惯用法和搭配要有更多积累。掌握
这个概念对我们解题有极大的帮助。2016年考研英语完型考察
的语法仍没有偏离以上提到的范围，为15年的考生指明复习方
向
第六，全面提升。在同学们对词汇和长难句具备了一定的识
记理解和分析能力，通过精深的研究和学习真题，全面提高语言
能力和应试能力后，我们需要在考前进行全方位的提升。提高英
语实力和应试水平最终取得优异的考试成绩。
希望同学们通过对大纲的理解和对真题的总结，全方位提高
自己词汇识记运用和长难句分析能力，切实体会完形填空带来的
巨大成就感。