整理美国文学史作家作品
Askillful preacher, a great Puritan historian, an eminent theologian, a graduate of Harvard College
History of Plymouth Plantation(1630,1856)
3.John Winthrop(1588-1657)
The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
The writer who best expressed the Puritan faith in the colonial period
2.Thomas Paine(1737-1809)
Common Sense(January 10, 1776)
TheAmerican Crisis(December, 1776)
The Rights of Man
The Age of Reason
Agrarian Justice
3.John de Crevecoeur(1735-1813)
Father of American literature
Father of American short story
The first Americanwriterof imaginative literature to gain international fame
The first prose stylist of American Romanticism
Letters from an American Farmer(1775) (12 letters)
4.John Woolman(1663-1728)
Journal
“Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes”
“A Plea for the Poor”
Forerunner of the American transcendentalism
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God(best and most representative sermon)
The Freedom of the Will(1754)(masterpiece)
Edgar Huntly(1799)
Ormond(1799)
Aurthur Mervyn(1800)
The Age of Romanticism
The Beginning of American Romanticism 1810 ~ 1840
1.Washington Irving(1783 - 1859)
The History of New England(two volumes, 1825, 1826; 1630 ---1649 indiary)
Model of Christian Charity（sermon）
4.John Cotton(1584-1652)
The most eminent and admired minister in the first generation of New England Puritans.
The creator of sea novels and the American frontier novels
The Spy
The Pilot
Leatherstocking Tales(Natty Bumpoo)
“The Pioneers”(1823)
“The Last of the Mohicans”(1826)
The Age of Reason and Revolution
1.Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)
One of the Founding Fathers of the USA
Poor Richard’s Almanac(1732-1758)
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin/Memoirs
A Key into the Language of America
6.Cotton Mather(1663-1728)
An inexhaustible writer, producing more than 500 books on an incredible variety of subjects
The Dying Indian: Tomo Chequi
The Wild Honeysuckle
6.Philis Wheatley(1754-1784)
The firstblackwoman poet in American literature
On Messrs Hussey and Coffin(1770)
American Literature: Writers & Works
The Colonial Period
John Smith
William Bradford
John Winthrop
John Cotton
Roger Williams
Cotton Mather
Jonathan Edwards
Anne Bradstreet
The Alhambra(1832)
Life of Goldsmith
Life of Washington
2.James Fenimore Cooper(1789 - 1851)
The first important American novist.
A master of adventurous narrative and the creator of an American hero-myth
The most famous poet in the colonial period
A meditative poet (baroque); A puritan poet
Preparatory Meditations
Huswifery
Upon a Spider Catching a Fly
The Poems of Edward Taylor (1960)
The Rising Glory of America
The British Prison Ship(1871)
To the Memory of the Brave Americans(1871)
On the Memorable Victory of John Paul Jones
The Indian Burying Ground
The Magnalia Christi America
(The Ecclesiastical History of New England)
7.Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758)
America’s first systematicphilosopher
Contributed to “Great Awakening”(1730s-1740s)and “Transcendentalism”
A Puritan poet
The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America(1650)
Contemplations
“ToMy Dear and Loving Husband”
“The Flesh and the Spirit”
9.Edward Taylor(1642-1729)
“the American Goldsmith”
The History of New Yorkfrom the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty(1809)
The Sketch Bookof Geoffrey Crayon, Gent(1819 - 1820)
The Great Doctrine of Original Si Virtue(1765)
Images or Shadows of Divine Things
8.Ann Bradstreet(1612-1672)
The first American woman poet
The Age of Romanticism
Washington Irving
James Fenimore Cooper
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Herman Melville
Edgar Allan Poe
Walt Whitman
O. Henry
Upton Sinclair
The Colonial Period
1.John Smith(1580-1631)
The first American writer writing in English
The General History of Virginia(1624)(Pocahontas)
Emily Dickinson
The Age of Realism
William Dean Howells
Henry James
Mark Twain
Stephen Crane
Benjamin Frank Norris
Theodore Dreiser
Edwin Arlington Robinson
美国文学中的主要作家及其代表作品
美国文学中的主要作家及其代表作品美国文学是世界文学的重要组成部分，拥有众多杰出的作家和作品。
本文将介绍一些主要的美国作家以及他们的代表作品，以展示美国文学的丰富与多样性。
一、马克·吐温（Mark Twain）马克·吐温是美国文学史上最著名的作家之一，他以幽默和讽刺的风格闻名于世。
他的代表作品《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》被视为美国文学的经典之作，揭示了美国南方社会的黑暗和种族歧视现象。
二、欧内斯特·海明威（Ernest Hemingway）海明威是20世纪美国文学的巨匠，他以简洁明快的写作风格和对战争、人性的深刻洞察而闻名。
他的代表作品《老人与海》讲述了一个老渔夫与大海的搏斗，通过对人性、毅力和命运的思考，展现了人类的勇气和坚韧。
三、威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner）福克纳是美国南方文学的代表人物，他的作品充满了对美国南方历史和文化的深度思考。
他的代表作品《喧哗与骚动》和《押沙龙，押沙龙！》以其复杂的叙事结构和深刻的人物描写而著称，探讨了种族、阶级和家庭关系等重要议题。
四、弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）菲茨杰拉德是美国爵士时代文学的代表人物，他的作品描绘了上层社会的繁华与堕落。
他的代表作品《了不起的盖茨比》通过对财富、爱情和美国梦的探索，揭示了人类对幸福的追求与现实的冲突。
五、托尼·莫里森（Toni Morrison）莫里森是美国当代文学的重要代表，她以其对种族、性别和历史的关注而获得了广泛的赞誉。
她的代表作品《亲爱的》和《宠儿》通过对非洲裔美国人的生活经历和心理状态的刻画，探讨了种族歧视和自我认同等重要议题。
六、约翰·斯坦贝克（John Steinbeck）斯坦贝克是美国现实主义文学的代表人物，他的作品关注农民和工人阶级的生活困境。
美国著名文学作品
美国著名文学作品1、“引起一场大战的小妇人”（林肯语）斯托夫人——美国最早的现实主义小说，揭露蓄奴制野蛮丑恶的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》2、浪漫主义作家霍桑——长篇代表作《红字》，《玉石雕像》《带七个尖角阁的房子》，短篇小说集《重讲一遍的故事》《古屋青苔》3、“把害怕发展到恐惧，把奇特变成怪异和神秘”的爱伦·坡——恐怖小说：著名短篇小说《厄舍古厦的倒塌》《黑猫》《红色死亡假面舞会》，推理小说《莫格街谋杀案》《被窃的信件》《金甲虫》4、惠特曼——唯一的诗集《草叶集》，共383首诗。
5、麦尔维尔——“捕鲸百科全书”《白鲸》6、马克·吐温——长篇小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》，童话小说《王子与贫儿》《亚瑟王朝廷上的康涅狄格州美国人》，讽刺小说《百万英镑》《败坏了赫德莱堡的人》《竞选州长》7、德莱塞——长篇小说《嘉莉妹妹》《珍妮姑娘》《天才》，“欲望三部曲”《金融家》《巨人》《禁欲者》，轰动美国的“美国最伟大的小说”《美国的悲剧》8、欧·亨利——《爱的牺牲》《麦琪的礼物》《最后一片藤叶》《警察和赞美诗》等，他的三百多篇短篇小说，大都收在《四百万》《西部之心》《城市之声》《善良的骗子》等集子里。
9、1950年诺贝尔文学奖获得者福克纳——《圣殿》《八月之光》《押沙龙、押沙龙》《喧嚣与疯狂》——“约克纳帕塔法世系小说”10、杰克·伦敦风格粗犷、充满力量的“硬汉文学”——《北方的奥德塞》《热爱生命》《海狼》《铁蹄》《马丁·伊登》11、1954年诺贝尔文学奖获得者创立简洁文风的海明威——长篇小说《太阳照样升起》，以第一次世界大战为题材的《永别了，武器》，反映西班牙内战的《丧钟为谁而鸣》，第二次世界大战后举世闻名的《老人与海》12、获得诺贝尔奖，小说大都以中国为背景的女作家赛珍珠——获奖小说《大地》，她还把《水浒传》译成了英文。
13、女作家马格丽特·米切尔——美国内战为背景的《飘》14、黑人文学，哈利——《根》。
美国文学史作家及作品
14、Henry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗1807-1882
The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗;Voices of the Night夜吟;Ballads and Other Poems民谣及其他诗; A Psalm of Life人生礼物
The Side of Paradise人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和倒霉;
The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon最后的巨头
27、Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特·海明威1899-1961（“迷惘的一代”的代表人物）
The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣The Old Man and The Sea老人与海
13、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡1809-1849（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人-----叶芝）
Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李-----歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头
6、James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-1851
The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;;Leatherstocking Tales皮袜子故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者
美国作家作品
1、Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林1706－1790A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard‘s Almanack穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自传2、Thomas Paine托马斯·恩1737－1809The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；mon Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism 专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代3、Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺1752－1832The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士——同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地4、Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文1783－1859A History of New York纽约的历史——美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说——使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travellers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉5、James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789－1851The Spy间谍;The Pilot 领航者;The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集：The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者6、William Cullen Bryant威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特1794－1878The Poems1821/1932诗选：To a Waterfowl致水鸟——英语中最完美的短诗;Thanatopsis死亡随想——受墓园派影响; The Whitefooted Deer白蹄鹿;A Forest Hymn森林赋;The Flood of Years似水流年7、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡1809－1849（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人——叶芝）Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集；Tales故事集；The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌；Ligeia莱琪儿；Annabel Lee安娜贝尔。
美国文学作家及作品汇总
6、WilliamCullenBryant威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特1794-1878
ThePoems1821> <1932诗选:ToaWaterfowl致水鸟-----英语中最完美的短诗> <Thanatopsis死亡随想---受墓园派影响> <TheWhitefootedDeer白蹄鹿> <AForestHymn森林赋> <TheFloodofYears似水流年
23、HenryJames享利·詹姆斯1843-1916
小说：DaisyMiller苔瑟·米乐> <ThePortraitofaLady贵妇人画像> <TheBostonians波士顿人> <TheRealThingandOtherTales真货色及其他故事> <TheWingsoftheDove鸽翼> <TheAmbassadors大使> <TheGoldenBowl金碗
10、HenryDavidThreau亨利·大卫·梭罗1817-1862
Wadden,orLifeintheWoods华腾湖或林中生活> <ResistancetoCivilGovernment> <CivilDisobedience抵制公民政府> <AWeekontheConcordandMerrimackRivers
英美文学作家作品
美国文学1、Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)Poor Richard’s Almanac《格言历书》The Way to Wealth 《致富之路》Autobiography《自传》 1771-17902、Philip Freneau(1752-1832)The American Village 1772The British Prison-ship《英国囚船》 1781To the Memony of Brave Americans 1781The Rising Glory of America 《美洲光辉的升起》1772The Wild Honeys 1786The Indian Buring Ground 1788On the Memory of John Paul Jones 17813、Henry Wardsworth Longfellow(1807-1882)Voices of the Night 1839Ballads and Other Poems 1842Tales of a Wayside Inn 1863(The Courtship of Miles) Evangeline 1847(The Song of) Hiawatha 1855The Courtship of Miles Standish 1858The Poets and Poetry of Europe 1845The Divine Comedy( Translation) 1864-1867Belfy of Bruges and Other Poems 18454、Willian Cullen Bryant(1794-1878)Thatopsis《死亡观》 1817Translation of Homer’s Llia and OdysseyThe Fountain 1842The White-Footed DeerA Forest Hymn 1860The Flood of Years《似水流年》 1878The Embargo 18085、Washington Irving (1783-1859)1)SHORT STORYThe Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent 《见闻礼记》--RipVan Winkle 1820The Legend of Sleepy Hollo w 《睡谷传说》2)HISTORIANA History of New York From the Beginning of theWorld to the End of the Dutch Dynasty 18093)BIOGRAPHYThe Life of Oliver Goldsmith 《哥儿德史密斯》Life of Washington 《华盛顿史》The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher 《哥伦布传》6、Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)1)ESSAYNature 《论自然》 1836The American Scholar 《论美国学者》Essays《散文集》 1841Essays: Second Serives《散文选：第二集》 1844 Representative Men 《代表性人物》 1850English Traits《英国人的特性》 1856The Conduct of Life 《论处世》 18602)POETRYMay Day and Other Pieces 1867Selected Poems 1876Rhodora 《紫杜鹃》7、Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)Waldon《瓦尔登湖》 1854Civil Disobedience《非暴力反抗》A Plea for John Brown 《为约翰.布朗请命》A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers 1849The Maine Woods《缅因森林》Cape Cod《科德角》Slavery in Massachusetts 《马萨诸塞省的奴隶制》8、Walt Whitman(1819-1892)Leaves of Grass 《草叶集》Loney Island a weekly newspaper9、Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849)The Narrative of Arthur Gordon PymRaven 1845The narrative of Arthur Golden Pym10、Emily Elizabeth Dickson(1830-1886)Death Is a Dialogue between 《死亡时一场对话》My Life Closed Twice Between Its Close《我的生命结束前已结束两次》Because I Could Not Stop for Death 《因为我无法听不等待死亡》I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died《我死亡时听到苍蝇的嗡嗡声》11、Hathaniel Hawthorne(1804-1864)1)SHORT STORY COLLECTIONSTwice- Told Tales 《故事重述》 1837The Minister’s Black Veil《教长的黑面纱》Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment2)WAKEFIELDMosses from an Old Manse《古屋青苔》 1846 The Birthmark 《胎记》Young Goodman Brown 《年轻的小伙子布朗》Rappaccini’s Daughter《拉伯契尼医生的女儿》3)NOVELThe Scarlet Letter 《红字》 1850The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》 1851The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》 1852The Marble Faun 《大理石雕像》 185212、Henry James(1843-1916)Daisy Miller《黛西.米勒》The American 《一个美国人》The Portrait of a Lady 《淑女画像》//////1st stageThe Bostonians《波士顿人》The Princess Casamassina《卡萨玛西玛公主》The Tragic Muse 《悲惨的缪斯》The Turn of the Screw 《螺丝在拧紧》The Beast in the Jungle《丛林猛兽》/////2nd stageThe Wings of the Dove《鸽翼》The Ambassadors 《奉使记》The Golden Bowl 《金碗》//////3rd stage13、Mark Twain (1835-1910)1)PERSONALIZED FICTIONThe Gilded Age《镀金时代》The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆.索亚历险记》The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wileson 《傻瓜威尔逊》2)TRAVEL FITIONInnocents Abroad 《傻子国外历险记》Roughing It 《艰苦岁月》A Tramp Abroad 《国外漫游》Life on the Mississippi 《密西西比河上》Following the Equator 《赤道旅行记》3)HISTORICAL ROMANCESThe Prince and the Pauper《王子与贫儿》A Connectical Yankee in King Arthur’s Court 《在亚瑟王朝廷里的康涅狄格州美国人》Personal Reallections of Joan of An by the Sient Louis Conte 《冉达克圣女贞德》4)SHORT STORIED AND TALL TALESThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calavaras County 《卡拉维拉斯县驰名的跳蛙》The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg《败坏了赫德莱堡的人》14、Jack London(1876-1916)1)NOVELSThe Call of the Wild《荒野的呼唤》 1903The Sea Wolf 《海狼》 1904White Fang 《白牙》 1906The Iron Head《铁蹄》 1908Martin Eden《马丁.伊登》 1909The Valley of the Moon《月咎》2)COLLECTION OF ESSAYSThe People of the Abyss《深渊中的人们》3)SHORT STORY COLLECTIONThe Son of the Wolf《狼的儿子》 1900Children of the Frost 1902When God Laughs 1911South Sea Tales 1911英国文学1、Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – 25 October 1400) (Aged c.57)Canterbury TalesThe Romaunt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇诗集》(translation) 1368-1400The Book of the Duchess 《公爵夫人之书》1368Troilus and Criseyde《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》1380-1385The House of Fame ) 《声誉之宫》 (1372—80) Legend of Good Women《贤妇传说》 (1380—86)The Parliament of Fowls《百鸟会议》2、Wiliam Shakespare（1564—1616)Romeo and Juliet《罗密欧和朱丽叶》 1595The Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》1596 Henry IV, Part I《亨利四世（上篇）》 1597 Twelfth Night《第十二夜》1600Hamlet《哈姆雷特》1601Othello《奥赛罗》 1604King Lea r 《李尔王》1605Macbeth《麦克白》1606Winter’s Tale《冬天的故事》1610The Tempest 《暴风雨》16123、Francis Bacon(1561-1626)Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》1605 New Instrument 《新工具》1620New Altantis《新大西岛》1626COLLECTIONEssays 《论说文集》15974、John Donne(1572-1631)POETRY COLLECTIONSong and Sonnet《歌与十四行诗》The Good-Morrow《早安》Break of Day《破晓》Elegies《挽歌》 16th On His Mistress19th To His Mistress Going to Bed Holy Sonnet 《圣十四行诗》7th At the Round Earth’s Imagined Corners, Below10th Death, Be not Proud5、John MiltonLycidas 《利西达斯》1637Areopagitica 《论出版自由》1644Paradise Lost 《失乐园》 1667Paradise Regained 《复乐园》1671Samson Agonistes 《力士参孙》 16716、Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)MAGAZINEThe Review《评论》 1704-1713The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾孙漂流记》 1719Captain Singleton《辛格顿船长》 1720Moll Flanders《摩尔.弗兰德斯》 1722A Journal of Plague Year 《大疫年日记》1722Roxana 《罗克萨娜》17247、Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)A Tale of a Tub 《一直桶的故事》 1697The Battle of the Book 《书籍之战》1697The Drapier’s Letter 《布商来信》1724A Modest Proposal《一个温和的建议》1729Gulliver’s Travels《格里佛游记》 1726Journal to Stella《给斯黛拉的日记》 1766 （后人编）8、William Blake (1757-1827)Poetical Sketches 《诗的素描》 1783Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》1789The Lamb《羔羊》The Book of Thel 《赛尔书》1789The Marriage of Heaven and Hell《天堂与地狱的结合》1790Songs of Experience《经验之歌》1794The Tyger 《老虎》Visions of the Daughters of Albion 《阿尔比昂的女儿们之幻想》1793The Song of Los 《罗斯之歌》1795The Sick Rose 《病玫瑰》9、Robert Burns(1759-1796)Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect《苏格兰方言诗集》1786The Tree of Liberty 《自由树》1794Scots《苏格兰人》1793Holy Willie’s Prayer 《威利长老的祈祷》1785 The Twa Dogs《两只狗》 1786My Heart’s in the Highlands 《我的心在高原》A Red Red Rose《一朵红红的玫瑰》 1794John Anderson《约翰.安德生，我的爱人》1796 Auld Lang Syne《昔日时光》1788 改编10、William Wordsworth (1770-1850)Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey 《丁登寺杂咏》1798Ode: Intimations of Immortality《不朽颂》1807 The Solitary Reaper 《孤独的收割女》1805Lucy Poems 《露西》1799 组诗The Prelude《序曲》1798-1839 自传体长诗I Wondered Lonely as A Cloud 《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》 180411、Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 《古舟子咏》1789Christabel 《克丽斯塔贝尔》1816Kubla Khan 《忽必烈汗》 1816Biographia Literaria 《文学传记》1817 文学评论著作12、Jane Austen(1775-1817)Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》 1811原名Elinor and Marriane《埃莉诺与玛丽安娜》Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》 1813Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德庄园》1814Emma《爱玛》1816Northanger Abbey 《诺桑觉寺》1818Persuasion《劝导》181813、George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)Hours of Idleness《闲散的时刻》 1807English Bards and Scotch Reviews《英国诗人与苏格兰评论家》1809Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰德尔.哈罗德游记》The Giaour《异教徒》1813The Bride of Abydos 《阿比多斯的新娘》 1813 The Siege of Corinth《柯林斯之围》1816Manfred 《曼弗雷德》 1817Cain《该隐》1821Don Juan《唐璜》 1818-1823She Walks in BeautyWhen a Man Hath No Freedom to Fight for at Home14、Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)15、The Necessity of Atheism 《无神论的必然性》Queue Mab《麦布女王》 1813The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》 1817Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》1819 The Cenci《钦契》 1819Adonais《阿多尼》 1821England in 1819《1819年的英国》 1819Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》 1819A Defence of Poetry《诗辩》182116、John Keats(1795-1821)Endymion 《恩底弥翁》 1818Isabella《伊莎贝拉》1820The Eve of SaintAgnes《圣阿格尼斯之夜》1820 Hyperion 《赫里昂》Ode on a Grecian Urn《希腊古瓮颂》1819Ode to a Nightingale《夜莺颂》 181917、Charlotte Bronte (1816-1855)Jane Eyre《简.爱》 1847Shirley《雪莉》 1849Villette 《维莱特》 1853The Professor《教师》1857Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell《柯勒、埃利斯和阿克顿.贝尔诗集》1846。
美国文学史 作者作品完整版
1.The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607.2.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)❖One of the Founding Fathers of the United States.❖Franklin was a leading author and printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, satirist, civic activist❖Franklin gained international renown as a scientist for his famous experiments in electricity.❖In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager, "In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat.”❖To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become."❖Na thanial Hawthorne remarked that Franklin’s axioms “teach men but a very small portion of their duties… They are all about getting money or saving it.”❖Lawrence didn’t believe that Franklin’s idea that man can be perfected, saying that it would be like the “perfectibility of the Ford car.” (Studies in Classic American Literature) Other book:Poor Richard's Almanack 穷理查的年鉴Autobiography❖Four parts❖Part One of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William(1771)❖Franklin began Part Two in 1784, giving a more detailed account of his public library plan and lists 13 virtues❖Third part started in 1788 about his Almanac, Junto.❖The last part was written in 1789, yet not finishedA number of "firsts"❖It is considered the first popular self-help book ever published.❖It was the first and only work written in American before the 19th century that has retained bestseller popularity since its release.❖It was the first major secular American autobiography.❖It is also the first real account of the American Dream in action as told from a man who experienced it firsthand. This form would be copied numerous times throughout American history.Benjamin Franklin's Thirteen Virtues1.TEMPERANCE. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.节制。
美国文学史作家和作品
During Colonial and Revolutionary PeriodsPuritanism1.William Bradford 1590-1657威廉布拉德福德Of Plymouth Plantation普利茅斯种植园2.John Winthrop 1588-1649约翰温斯罗普A Modell of Christian Charity3.Roger Williams 1603-1683罗杰威廉斯The Bloody Tenent of Persecution信条血淋林的迫害A Key into the Language of America阿美利加语言的钥匙4.Poet: Anne Bradstreet 1612-1672安妮布雷兹特里斯The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America最近在美洲出现的诗神Edward Taylor 1642-1729爱德华泰勒5.Cotton Matten 1663-1728科顿马瑟Marginalia Christi Americana / the Ecclesi’astical of New England美国殖民时期杂文6.Samuel Seawall 1652-1730塞缪尔西威尔The Diary of Samuel Seawall 塞勒姆女巫审判案7.Jonathan Edwards 1703-1758乔纳森爱德华兹Sinners in the Hands of Angry God (you jiexuan)发怒上帝手中的罪人8.Benjamin Franklin 1706-1790富朗克林本杰明Autobiography (you jiexuan)自传The Way to Wealth(you jiexuan)致富之路Poor Richard’s Almanak穷理查年鉴Enlightenment9.Thomas Paine 1737-1809托马斯潘恩Common Sense常识Crisis危机The Rights of Man人的权利The Age of Reason理性时代10.Thomas Jefferson 1724-1826托马斯杰斐逊Declaration of Independence独立宣言11.Philip Freneau 1752-1832菲利普弗瑞诺The Wild Honey Suckle野生金银花12.William Hill Brown 1765-1832威廉希尔布朗The Power of Sympathy同情的力量13.Susanna HaswellRowson 1762-1824Charlotte Temple夏洛特藤布尔14.Charles Brockden Brown 1881-1810查尔斯布洛克登布朗Weiland威兰The TransformationAuthor Mervyn亚瑟默文Ormand奥加特Edgar Huntly埃德加亨利特The Making of American LiteratureRomanticism1 Susan Warren 1839-1885华伦The Wide, Wide World2 Washington Irving 1783-1859华盛顿欧文Of the Chronicles of the Renowned and Ancient City of GothamA History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of Dutch Dynasty纽约外史The Sketch Book见闻札记: Rip Van Winkle瑞普凡温克尔, The Legend of Sleep Hollow睡谷的传说3 James Fenimore Cooper 1789-1851詹姆斯费尼莫库柏The Five Letherstocking Tales皮袜子故事书: The Pioneers拓荒者, The Last of the Mohicans最后一个莫西干人, The Prairie大草原, The Path Finder探路人, The Deerslayer杀鹿者4 Edgar Allan Poe 1809-1849埃德加艾伦坡Poems: The Raven乌鸦, Annabel Lee安娜贝尔李, To Helen致海伦Essays: The Philosophy of Composition创作的哲学, The Poetic Principle诗的原理Tales: Ligeia, The Pit and the Pendulum陷阱和摆钟, The Tell-Tele Heart泄密的心, The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍府的崩塌Story: The Murders in the Rue Morgu毛格街血案, The cask of AmotilladoTranscendentalism超验主义5 Ralph Waldo Emerson 1803-1882拉尔夫华尔多爱默生The Dial日晷, Nature论自然, The American Scholar论美国学者, Divinity School Address, Self-Reliance论自助, The Over-Soul论超灵, The Poet6 Margaret Fuller 1810-1850玛格丽特富勒Women in the Nineteenth Century十九世纪妇女7 Henry David Thoreau 1817-1862亨利大卫梭罗A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers在康考德与梅里马克河上的一周, Walden/ Life in the Woods瓦尔登或林中生活8 Frederick Douglass 1817-1895道格拉斯Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave弗莱德里克，道格拉斯生活自传9 John Greenleaf Whitter 1807-1892约翰格林里夫惠蒂埃Snow-Bound (poem)雪界10 Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896哈立叶特比彻斯托夫人Uncle Toms’ Cabin/ Life Among the Lowly汤姆叔叔的小屋11 Nathaniel Hawthorne纳撒尼尔霍桑Novel: The Scarlet Letter红字The House of the Seven Gables七个尖角顶的房子The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇The Marble Faun玉石雕像Short stories: Wakefield韦克菲尔德The Birthmark 胎记Rappaccini’s DaughterYoung Goodman BrownThe Minister’s Black Beil12 Herman Melville 1819-1891赫尔曼麦尔维尔Typee泰比, Omoo欧穆, A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas, Redburn, Moby-Dick白鲸, The Confidence Man Billy Budd13 Lydia Howard Huntley Sigourney 1791-1865莉迪亚霍华德亨特利西格尼Death of an Infant14 Frances Sargent Osgood 1811-1850弗朗西斯萨金特奥斯古特The Lily’s DelusionA Flight of Fancy 想入非非15 William Cullen Bryant威廉卡伦布莱恩特To a Waterfowl致水鸟16 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利沃兹沃斯朗费罗The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌17 Walt Whitman 1819-1892 沃尔特惠特曼Leaves of Grass草叶集Song of Myself自我之歌18 Emily Dickinson 1830-1886破折号剩下的靠自己了。
美国各文学时期重要作家及其主要作品(最新整理)
美国各文学时期重要作家及其主要作品美国文学的发展历史虽然只有200多年，但是它在这段时间里所取得的成就却是十分辉煌的。
美国文学业已形成的民族性、时代性和社会性，使它成为世界文学的重要组成部分。
美国文学的发展和美国历史的发展几乎是平行的。
美国殖民主义时期三个代表诗人1.安妮·布雷兹特里特Anne Bradstreet （1612-1672）美国第一位作品得以发表的女诗人。
她出生于英格兰，1630年时随父亲和丈夫来到北美马萨诸塞湾殖民地。
诗的风格与同时代的英国诗人John Donne、Edward Taylor有相似之处。
她最著名的诗集是《第十位缪斯》(The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America,1650)，这也是她生前出版的唯一诗集。
一般认为，她最优秀的诗作，主要收录于她去世后由罗杰斯选编的《布雷兹特里特诗集》(Several Poems 1678)。
《写在我家失火之际》On the Burning of Our House）反映出殖民时期生活的侧面，《灵与肉》（The Flesh and the Spirit）向读者展示了作为一名虔诚的清教徒，在面临新大陆恶劣的生存环境时，诗人内心深处肉体与灵魂、世俗与信仰之间的斗争。
2.爱德华·泰勒(Edward Taylor，1644?-1729年)美国清教派牧师和诗人。
他被公认为美国19世纪前最重要的诗人。
在他有生之年仅发表过两首诗歌，直到1937年人们研究他的手稿时才认识到他那虔诚的诗歌的优美绝伦。
像约翰·多恩和乔治·赫伯特以及其他英国玄学派诗人一样，泰勒擅长运用精心选择的暗喻和丰富而唯美的比喻，也采用日常生活中的寻常措辞和比喻。
《爱德华·泰勒诗集》(1939年)收录了他的杰作，包括写于约1685年的《上帝对其选民有影响的决定》，和写于1682-1726年的《内省录》（Preparatory Meditation）中的部分。
美国文学史作者作品
(1) Captain John Smith: the first American writer A Description of New England 《新英格兰叙事》(2) William Bradford 布拉德福德: Of Plymouth Plantation Records 《普利茅斯种植园史》(3) John Winthrop 温斯罗普: A Model of Christian Charity 《基督慈善的模式》(4) Anne Bradstreet(安妮·布拉德斯特里特):Contemplations《沉思录》In Reference to Her Children写给她的孩子Upon the Burning of Our House家居被焚之后The Flesh and the Spirit 灵魂与肉体To My Dear and Loving Husband 给我挚爱的丈夫An Weary Pilgrim疲倦的朝圣者The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America《最近在北美出现的第十位缪斯》5) Edward Taylor 泰勒:poem ―Huswifery‖《家务》Upon a Spider Catching a Fly蜘蛛捕捉苍蝇之遐想6）Roger Williams:异教徒―The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience‖《血腥的迫害教义》（7）John Woolman(伍尔夫): Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes 《蓄奴的思索》 A Plea for the Poor《为穷人请愿》Journal《日记》: recording his spiritual experiences of inward communication with GodThomas Jefferson The Declaration of Independence独立宣言(8) Thomas Paine(潘恩)：Common Sense 《常识》American Crisis《美国危机》The Rights of Man《人权论》, The Age of Reason《理性时代》(9)Philip Freneau （佛瑞诺）(1752-1832)the most important poet in the 18th century. He was entitled ―Father of American Poetry‖. He wrote lots of poems supporting American Revolution and human liberty. His poems presented Romantic spirits but his form was mainly influenced by Classicism. Most famous poems: ―The Indian Burying Ground‖《印第安人墓地》and ―The Wild Honey Suckle‖《野地里的忍冬》（10）Charles Brockden Brown Wieland the first American novel Major writers in the post- Revolutionary PeriodJonathan Edwards: religious idealism (理想的宗教信仰) (1) The Freedom of the Will《论意志自由》(2) The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended 《论原罪》(3) The Nature of True Virtue《论真实德行的本原》Benjamin Franklin（1706—1790）levelheaded common sense(明智冷静的判断力) : Autobiography 自传The Romantic Period (1783—1861) The Sketches Book --- Leaves of Grass Poor Richard's Almanack 格言历书Washington Irving (华盛顿·欧文) History of New York from the beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty «纽约外史»The Sketch Book «见闻札记»―Rip Van Winkle‖瑞普凡温可尔―The Legend of Sleepy Hollow‖睡谷的传说A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada «攻克格拉纳达» The History of the Life and V oyages of Christopher Columbus «哥伦布的生平和航行史» The Alhambra «阿尔罕伯拉»（he gathered material for these books in Spain）Life of Oliver Goldsmith «哥德斯密斯传»Life of Washington «华盛顿传»ames Fennimore Cooper (库珀) ―father of American novelists‖the creation of the west frontier and its heroes Precaution 《戒备》(1820) The Spy «间谍» ( 1821 ) T he Leatherstocking Tales, 《皮袜子故事集》the adventures of the American frontiers Including five novels: (1) The Deerslayer 《杀鹿者》( 1841 ) (2) The Last of the Mohicans ( 1826 )《最后的莫西干人》(3) The Pathfinder 《探路人》( 1840 ) (4) The Pioneers 《拓荒者》( 1823 ) (5) The Prairie 《大草原》( 1827 ) 3.Ralph Waldo Emerson 爱默生(1803—1882) 1) Nature «论自然»his first book expressing the main principles of Transcendentalism It is regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence" 2) The American Scholar «论美国学者»3) The Divinity School Address «神学院致辞» 4) Poet «诗人»5) Self-Reliance 论自立4.Henry David Thoreau 梭罗(1817—1862)1) Civil Disobedience «论公民之不服从» 2) A Plea for John Brown «为约翰·布朗申辩» 3) A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers «在康科德与梅里马克河上一周»4) Walden «沃尔登湖»a collection of nature essays ,a great Transcendentalist work, a book about man, what he is, and what he should be and must be, full of ideas expressed to persuade his neighbors out of their complacency Walden瓦尔登湖5.Nathaniel Hawthorne (霍桑)(1804—1864) Famous as the greatest writer living then in the US Twice-told Tales 《故事新编》Mosses from an Old Manse «古宅青苔»The Scarlet Letter «红字»The House of the Seven Gables《七个尖角阁的房子》The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》The Marble Faun 《大理石雕像》Short stories: Young Goodman Brown《小伙子古德曼·布朗》The Minister’s Black Veil《教长的黑面纱》The Birthmark《胎记》Herman Melville 梅尔维尔(1819—1891) 1) Typee«泰皮»2) Omoo «欧穆»3) Mardi «玛地»4) Redburn«雷得本»5) White Jacket «白外衣»6) Pierre«皮埃尔» 7) Billy Budd《比利•巴德》(a sign that he had resolved his quarrel with God) 8) Clarel《克拉莱尔》( a poem) Moby-Dick «白鲸»，«莫比•狄克»7.Walt Whitman 惠特曼Leaves of Grass 1855, first edition –harsh criticism; warm welcome from Emerson.；1871, 5th edition –receive recognition in England and America.；1881, 7th edition –a reputable publisher；1891-92, the ―deathbed edition‖―Song of Myself‖《自我之歌》―There Was a Child Went Forth‖《有个小孩走过来》―Crossing Brooklyn Ferry‖《过布鲁克林渡口》―Democratic Vistas‖《民主的前景》―Passage to India‖《向印度行进》―Proud Music of the Storm‖《骄傲的风暴之音乐》―Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking‖《走出永不休止地摇动着的摇篮》―When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d‖《当紫丁香上次在庭院开放的时候》8. Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)My life closed twice before its close I heard a fly buzz when I died Mine--by the Right of the White Election Wild Nights—Wild Nights Death is a Dialogue between I like to see it to lap the Miles I died for Beauty– but was scarce Because I could not stop for Death因为我不能停下来等待死神Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)He was the first author in American literature to make the neurotic the heroic figure. He is father of many things, one of which is psychoanalytic criticism, the other being the detective story(侦探小说). Tales: ―The Black Cat‖《黑猫》"The Cask of Amontillado" ―The Fall of the House of Usher‖《厄舍古屋的倒塌》―Ligeia‖《丽基娅》"The Masque of the Red Death《红色死亡假面舞会》"The Murders in the Rue Morgue"《莫格街谋杀案》"The Pit and the Pendulum" "The Purloined Letter" 《被窃的信件》"The Tell-Tale Heart" Poetry: "Annabel Lee" 《安娜贝尔·李》―Sonnet –To Science" 《十四行诗—致科学》"The City in the Sea" 《海中的城市》"The Raven"《乌鸦》―To Helen‖《致海伦》William Dean Howells The Rise of Silas Lapham《塞拉斯•拉帕姆的发迹》A Chance Acquaintance 《偶然相遇》 A Modern Instance 《一个现代例证》Criticism and Fiction 《批评与小说》Henry James (1843—1916) a. 1865~1882: international theme: The American《美国人》Daisy Miller 《黛西米勒》The Portrait of a Lady 《贵妇画像》b. 1882~1895: inter-personal relationships and some plays: The novels and plays were poorly received but he got a better knowledge of literary techniques. c. 1895~1900: novels and tales dealing with childhood and adolescence, then back to international theme The Turn of the Screw《螺丝在拧紧》What Maisie Knew《梅西所知道的》The Ambassadors 《奉使记》The Wings of the Dove 《鸽翼》The Golden Bowl 《金碗》Theodore Dreiser Sister Carie嘉莉妹妹Jack London The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤O. Henry The Gift of the Magi麦琪的礼物Mark Twain (1835-1910) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer «汤姆·索耶历险记»The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn «哈克贝里费恩历险记»―The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County‖―卡拉韦拉斯县驰名的跳蛙‖The Gilded Age 《镀金时代》written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner Life on the Mississippi 《密西西比河上》A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court 《亚瑟王朝里的康涅狄格州美国佬》The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug 《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》The Mysterious Stranger 《神秘的陌生人》F.Scott Fitzgerald This Side of Paradisethe Jazz AgeThe Great Gatsby Tender is the Night。