非谓语动词作主语和表语简表
动名词
与不定式的功能区别不大，然而它更接近于名词，表示的动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作，有时也可以用it做形式主语，做表语时可以和主语互换位置。
It is no use saying that again and again.
The situation is encouraging.
The book is well written.
(常见分词有astonishing, moving, tiring, disappointing, puzzling, shocking, boring, amusing及其-ed形式)
Teaching is my job.
分词
无名词的性质，不能做主语。但是有形容词的性质，可以做表语，多表明主语的特征性质或者状态等，可被very, quite, rather等副词修饰。
现在分词多含有“令人…”之意，ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多为物。过去分词一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到…”之意，主语多是人。
非谓语动词作主语和表语简表
区别
举例
不定式
多表示一个特定的具体的将来的动作，做主语时可以借助于it把不定式移到句子后面。做表语有时可和主语交换位置，而且意义不变，并且还能用what来提问主语或表语。
My dream is to become a teacher.
To obey the law is important.
非谓语动词用法表解
非谓语动词用法表解
主动 被动
定语（逻辑主语：修饰的名词或代词） 1.表将来的动作； 2.修饰被序数词、最高级或 no/all/any/only等限定的词； 3.用来修饰的词是抽象名词 1.说明被修饰名词的用途和性能 2.表正在进行（和主动）的动作 （having done/having been done不作定 语） 表已完成和被动 （vi．的-ed形式作定语只表示已完成）
being done having been done
动宾(有些动词只接-ing形式); 介宾; 形容词后宾语
过去 分词
done
X
不定式作动词后的宾语 1. I want to see him. 2. I think it better not to go. 不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。 1. The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard. 老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。 2. He had no choice but to sit there as usual. 他没有什 么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿。 如不定式前有行为动词do，那么在表语从句中的不定式和介 词except或but之后的不定式可不带to。 1. There is nothing we can do but wait patiently. 我们只 能耐心等待。 2. The only thing I could do was go home. 我能做的唯一 一件事就是回家。 3. They could do nothing but wait for the doctor to come. 他们只能等待医生的到来。
-ing形式作动词的宾语 能用-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可用-ing形式作宾语，也可用不 定式作宾语。 ①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词 这类动词只能用-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。 Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了! I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方 法做这件事。 必背： 只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit 承认/ dislike 嫌恶/ include 包括/ mind 介意/ consider 考虑/ excuse 原谅/ mention 提及/ forgive 原谅 / appreciate 感激/ avoid 避免/ keep 保持/ escape 避免/ delay 耽搁/ fancy 想不到/ cannot help 情不自禁/ enjoy 喜欢/ feel like 意欲/ give up 放弃/ imagine 设想/ finish 完成/ practise 练习/ miss 逃过/ resist 抵制/ put off 推迟 / risk 冒险
非谓语动词作主宾表定状补
语法探究----非谓语动词（作主语，宾语，表语）主语宾语表语不定式（to do）否定形式：not to do 表示特定的某一次具体的动作。
①To finish thework in ten days isvery hard.②To change thewhole plan is verydifficult.{说明}有时可用it作形式主语，将作真正主语的不定式后置。
①It is very hard tofinish the work inten days.②It is very difficultto change thewhole plan.常跟在一些动词后作宾语，如decide/refuse/hope/agree/pretend/fail/manage/plan/ promise等①We agreed tomeet here.②He managed tocatch sight of somemountain goats.{说明}在下列结构中，用it作形式宾语而将作宾语的不定式后置。
find/think/consider it+adj. +to do③We thought itbetter to start early.④I find it hard to表示将来的打算或目的。
①His wish is to buya car in the nearfuture.他的愿望是在不久的将来买辆车。
②The next step isto make sure of thetime.下一步是把时间弄清楚。
work with him.--ing形式（doing）否定形式：not doing 表示经常性的抽象的行为。
①Swimming is abest sport insummer.②Living without anaim is like sailingwithout acompass(指南针).{说明}在下列句型中唱常用it作形式主语。
非谓语做表语
非谓语动词作表语一：动词不定式在句中做表语：1) To see is to believe. 2) To save time is to lengthen life.3) To live is to work.说明：不定式作表语,说明主语的内容，主语和表语位置可互换，不过泛指一般的习惯性动作最好用动名词，当表具体某一动作，最好用不定式。
Ex: 1) My task is ______the yard every day.(clean)2) Her job is ______the yard today. (clean)3) To be kind to the enemy is______ ( be) cruel to the people.4) Their plan is_______ (build) another dormitory for their staff this year.5) His wish is ______ (become) a pilot.2)疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式，构成不定式短语在句中作表语。
1) The question was where to get the medicine needed.2) The question is how to put it into practice.3）My question is where to find the answer.4）The problem is____ ____ _____. 问题是去做什么。
5) The problem is____ ____ _____.问题是要买那一个。
6）The problem is____ ____ _____ . 问题是从哪里开始。
7）The difficulty is_________________________. 难题是如何尽快解决这个问题。
非谓语动词用法简洁表格
非谓语动词用法简洁表格| 非谓语动词类型｜构成形式｜用法｜例句｜｜｜｜｜｜｜动词不定式（to do）｜ to ＋动词原形｜ 1、作主语<br>To learn a foreign language is not easy （学习一门外语不容易。
）＜br>2、作宾语<br>She decided to go shopping （她决定去购物。
）＜br>3、作宾语补足语<br>The teacher asked us to clean the classroom （老师让我们打扫教室。
）＜br>4、作定语<br>I have a lot of work to do （我有很多工作要做。
）＜br>5、作状语<br>He came here to see me （他来这里看我。
）｜｜动名词（doing）｜动词原形＋ ing ｜ 1、作主语<br>Swimming is good for health （游泳对健康有益。
）＜br>2、作宾语<br>He enjoys reading novels （他喜欢读小说。
）＜br>3、作表语<brHis hobby is collecting stamps （他的爱好是集邮。
）＜br>4、作定语<br>a swimming pool （游泳池）｜｜现在分词（doing）｜动词原形＋ ing ｜ 1、作定语<br>The sleeping baby is so cute （正在睡觉的宝宝太可爱了。
）＜br>2、作状语<br>Hearing the news, she burst into tears （听到这个消息，她突然哭了起来。
）＜br>3、作宾语补足语<br>I saw him playing basketball （我看见他正在打篮球。
非谓语动词用法总结
非谓语动词用法总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII非谓语动词用法总结非谓语动词作主语一.动词不定式作主语1.不定式作主语表示具体的动作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。
不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事，做是另外一回事。
)2. 不定式短语较长时，通常放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。
)②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。
)③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。
)二.动词ing不定式作主语1.动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。
Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.(经常性、习惯性的动作)Talking is easier than doing.(状态）(1)动名词直接置于句首。
Talking is easier than doing.(2).Ving 形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语Playing video games is a waste of timeIt is a waste of time playing video games常见句式：It is no good/no use/ useless doing sth 做...没有用的It is a waste of time doing sth做...是浪费时间的(3).There be 结构中作主语：A. There is no+doing 表示不可能做某事There is no knowing the future ==we can’t know the future. 我们不可能知道未来发生什么B.There is no point doing 做某事没有意义There’s no point having wishes if you don’t at least try to do them.拓展：动名词作主语时，单个V-ing 做主语，谓语动词用单数。
非谓语动词的六大用法
非谓语动词的六大用法在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，充当句子主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语而不能起谓语作用的动词，是动词的非谓语形式，又叫作非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式和过去分词（done）。
一、动词不定式和动词-ing形式作主语1.不定式作主语表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来动作；动词的-ing形式作主语表示经常性、习惯性动作或已经发生的动作。
To remember these words today is our main task. 今天记住这些单词是我们的主要任务。
Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old . 散步对年轻人和老年人都是很好的运形式。
Suffering is the most powerful teacher of life.苦难是人生最伟大的老师。
Being laughed at in the public made him angry. 在公共场所被嘲笑使他很生气。
2.不定式和动词的-ing形式作主语的常用句型1) 不定式作主语的句型①It is +形容词(名词) to doIt is better to be safe than sorry. 事后追悔不如事前稳妥。
It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 开设店铺易，维持常开难。
It is necessary to complete the design before National Day.在国庆节前完成设计是必要的。
It is very important to follow the rules.遵守规则是非常重要的。
It’s a waste of time to do that. 干那件事是浪费时间。
It is a great art to laugh at your own misfortune. 对己之不幸付之一笑，这是一门伟大的艺术。
非谓语的用法
非谓语的用法一、什么是非谓语？非谓语是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式，包括动词的不定式、动名词和分词。
二、动词不定式的用法1. 作主语：To learn English well is necessary.2. 作宾语：I want to go to the cinema.3. 作表语：His dream is to be a doctor.4. 作定语：The best way to learn English is to practice speaking.5. 作状语：（1）目的状语：He went to the library to borrow some books.（2）结果状语：He studied hard, only to fail the exam in the end.（3）原因状语：He got up early so as not to miss the train.6. 不定式的否定形式为“not+动词原形”，常用于否定意义。
三、动名词的用法1. 动名词可以作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）主语：Reading books is a good habit.（2）宾语：I enjoy reading books in my free time.（3）表语：Her hobby is swimming in the sea.2. 动名词可以与介词搭配构成介词短语，表示时间、原因、方式等。
（1）时间状语：After finishing his homework, he went to bed. （2）原因状语：For lack of money, he couldn’t buy a new car.（3）方式状语：By working hard, he got a promotion.四、分词的用法1. 现在分词和过去分词可以作定语和状语。
（1）现在分词作定语：The running water is very clear.（2）现在分词作状语：He left the room, closing the door behind him.（3）过去分词作定语：The broken vase cannot be repaired.（4）过去分词作状语：Feeling tired, he went to bed early.2. 分词也可以与连系动词be搭配构成表语。
非谓语做主语宾语表语
二、做宾语
⒈不定式作宾语
①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语.如:agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等,这些词大部分可接 that引导的从句.如:
2.动名词做主语
Learning without practice is no good. 动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如: ①It's +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of
time)+doing…
It's no good reading in dim light.
It's no good eating too much fat.
It's no good for you to eat so much fat. ②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格
形式作逻辑主语.如:
It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.
4.我喜欢听流行音乐。 I enjoy listening to popular music.
5.他的爱好是踢足球。 His hobby is playing football.
归纳
由此可见，非谓语动词除了可以充当定语以外， 还可以在句中充当主语、宾语和表语。
1.非谓语动词做主语的情况讲解。 2.非谓语动词做宾语的情况讲解。 3.非谓语动词做表语的情况讲解。 4.非谓语动词的结构。 5.动名词和不定式的区分。 6.动名词的复合结构。
非谓语动词的用法总结表格
非谓语动词的用法总结表格非谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。
它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。
既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：①具有句子结构的知识，会分析句子成分。
②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
③具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。
④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句。
●所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not放在非谓语动词的_前面_知识点一：非谓语作状语。
非谓语动词作状语多表示伴随状态，或事情发生的原因，结果，时间，条件等。
注意，作目的状语只能是_不定式，也可用in order to / so as to +动词原形。
解题诀窍：找逻辑主语，辩逻辑关系，析动作先后●不定式做结果状语的固定搭配only to do ，too +adj/adv to do，so +adj/adv as to do ，such +n as to do adj/ adv enough to doonly to do 常表示意想不到或不愉快的结果。
.知识点二：非谓语作定语解题诀窍：找所修饰的词，辩逻辑关系，析动作先后，面须有相应的介词。
2. 不定式用来修饰名词，表动作未发生。
3. 不定式用来修饰被序数词，最高级等限定的中心词。
知识点三：非谓语动词做补语解题技巧：记固定搭配，辩逻辑关系不定式和分词作宾语补足语（we consider him to be a nice guy）或主语补足语(He is considered to be a nice guy)是考察的重点.做题时一要熟记固定搭配，还要仔细分析非谓语所表示的动作与谓语动作发生的先后问题。
A 固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to be doing /to have done 要分清.B 弄清以下搭配及其意义1.感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面的宾补有3种形式（do/doing/done），doing表主动或正在进行，done表被动或完成，do表主动和完成（被动句中to 还原）。
非谓语动词(表格)
非谓语动词的分类、意义和构成非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定式分词现在分词过去分词动名词作宾语的非谓语动词比较情况常用动词只接不定式作宾语的动词只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语两者都可以意义基本相同意义相反两者都可以意义不同作宾语补足语的非谓语比较情况区别例句常接不定式作宾补的动词感官动词接非谓语形式作宾补使役动词接非谓语形式作宾补With复合结构作主语的非谓语比较情况区别例句意义不同it作形式主语的情况不同主谓一致不同作表语的非谓语比较情况区别例句意义不同My job today is _____________(water) all theflowers in the garden.My job is ____________(teach) English.Chinese is __________(interest), so Lucy isinterested in Chinese.He is ____________(fright).His speech is very encouraging.Her praise is encouraging us to work harder.The novel is well written.The novel was written by Lu Xun.作状语的非谓语比较情况区别例句不定式He stopped to have a rest.He got up early in order to/__________ catch the first train.He broke into the room，only to find an empty box. I’m pleased to meet you.It is such a good book for me as to read it three times.分词现在分词__________(walk) in the street, I came across an oldfriend of mine.(finish)his homework, the boy wentout._________(take) round the city, we were impressed bythe city’s new look._________(give) another chance, I can do it better.Tired out, they stopped to have a rest._________(laugh) and ________(talk), they went intothe classroom.The teacher came into the lab, __________(follow) bysome students.The song is sung all over the country, making it themost popular song.Judging form her accent, she must be from India.____________________(tell) many times, he stillrepeated the same mistake.过去分词独立主格结构The text finished, we began our holiday.Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. The meeting being over, we all left the room.作定语的非谓语比较情况用法例句不定式I haven’t a pen to write with.He had no money and no place to live (in).The present to be bought is for his mother.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.She is the only person to know the truth.He has no right to do it.Could you at least make an attempt to smile, Jim?I have no chance to go sightseeing.分词现在分词I don’t know the doctor __________(sit) on thechair.The building____________(build) now will be ahospital.The books________(write) by him is very popular.The professor ____________(come) hereyesterday will give us a lecture.The temple ______________________(destroy)by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.The is the question _________(give).区别：falling leaves boiling waterfallen leaves boiled waterdeveloping countriesdeveloped countries过去分词动名词a sleeping baga walking sticka washing machine。