定语从句2

语法专讲定语从句

一．定语从句的定义和结构

在复合句中修饰主语某一个名词，或代词的从句称为定语从句。它所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词的后边。定语从句由关系词来引导。

两种类型：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

一个核心技术：选择引导词的关键是看他在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。

定语从句中的关系词一共有9个

关系代词：which that who whom whose as 关系副词：when where why

二．关系代词引导的定语从句

1. who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

2. whom 指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。

3. whose可指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。

4. which 指事物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时，可省略。

5. that指事物，也可指人，在从句中作主语宾语或表语，作宾

语，可省略。

6. as既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。1) 当主句中有 such, the same等词时

Such people you describe are thought to be fools nowadays.

The boy is not the same he used to be.

2）as 译成“正如，正像” 或译成“这一点”时，指代整个句子而不是某个先行词。一般以两种句式出现：一是 as is announced / reported /known / said / noted / planned…; 二是 as you know / see / expect…..

This kind of disease attacks such animals cows and horses.

David, you know, has not been well recently.

练习：1) The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

A. where

B. when

C. which

D. who

2) This is the small house less than 15 square meters, under ___ roof lives a large family of three generations.

A. which

B. that

C. its

D. whose

3) The old man has four children, ___ are doctors.

A. three of who

B. three of them

C. three of whom

D. of them three

4) She was always speaking highly of her role in her group, ____ made the others unhappy.

A. who

B. which

C. this

D. what

5) ____ we have stated, Taiwan is part of China.

A. As

B. which

C. That

D. What

6) Do you know the man is standing there？

7) She came here with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

8) That’s the policeman daughter is studying in Beijing University.

9) Did you see the letter came today?

10) This is the book I told you about.

11) Did you know the man bought the sports car?

12)He has found the book he lost.

三。关系副词引导的定语从句

先行词为表时间，地点，原因的名词，并且在句子中分别做时间状语，地点状语，原因状语时分别用关系副词when /where/why

1. when 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。

There are times I wonder what you are talking about. 有几次我不知道你在说什么。

Next May, the new house should be finished, I will move away.

明年五月，到那时新房子应该建成了，我就会搬走了。

I still remeber the day the accident happened.

2. where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。

This is the place my mother was born. Is this the room we were living last winter?

He is going to work on the island he is most needed.

3. why 表示原因，常用在先行词reason后面。

I don’t know the reason she looks unhappy today. The reason he said that is quite clear.

练习：1. 改错

This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

2. 单选

1) Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

2) Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

3) We are just trying to reach a point ___ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. which