定语从句2
语法专讲定语从句一．定语从句的定义和结构在复合句中修饰主语某一个名词，或代词的从句称为定语从句。
它所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词的后边。
定语从句由关系词来引导。
两种类型：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一个核心技术：选择引导词的关键是看他在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。
定语从句中的关系词一共有9个关系代词：which that who whom whose as 关系副词：when where why二．关系代词引导的定语从句1. who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。
2. whom 指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略。
3. whose可指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。
4. which 指事物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时，可省略。
5. that指事物，也可指人，在从句中作主语宾语或表语，作宾语，可省略。
6. as既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。
1) 当主句中有 such, the same等词时Such people you describe are thought to be fools nowadays.The boy is not the same he used to be.2）as 译成“正如，正像” 或译成“这一点”时，指代整个句子而不是某个先行词。
一般以两种句式出现：一是 as is announced / reported /known / said / noted / planned…; 二是 as you know / see / expect…..This kind of disease attacks such animals cows and horses.David, you know, has not been well recently.练习：1) The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. who2) This is the small house less than 15 square meters, under ___ roof lives a large family of three generations.A. whichB. thatC. itsD. whose3) The old man has four children, ___ are doctors.A. three of whoB. three of themC. three of whomD. of them three4) She was always speaking highly of her role in her group, ____ made the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what5) ____ we have stated, Taiwan is part of China.A. AsB. whichC. ThatD. What6) Do you know the man is standing there？7) She came here with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.8) That’s the policeman daughter is studying in Beijing University.9) Did you see the letter came today?10) This is the book I told you about.11) Did you know the man bought the sports car?12)He has found the book he lost.三。
关系副词引导的定语从句先行词为表时间，地点，原因的名词，并且在句子中分别做时间状语，地点状语，原因状语时分别用关系副词when /where/why1. when 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。
There are times I wonder what you are talking about. 有几次我不知道你在说什么。
Next May, the new house should be finished, I will move away.明年五月，到那时新房子应该建成了，我就会搬走了。
I still remeber the day the accident happened.2. where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。
This is the place my mother was born. Is this the room we were living last winter?He is going to work on the island he is most needed.3. why 表示原因，常用在先行词reason后面。
I don’t know the reason she looks unhappy today. The reason he said that is quite clear.练习：1. 改错This is the mountain village where I visited last year.I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.2. 单选1) Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one2) Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one3) We are just trying to reach a point ___ both sides will sit down together and talk.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which4）Is this the reason ___ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained四．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用“which (指物)，whom (指人)和whose(指人或物，做定语)”，即：介词+ which / whom/whose1. 介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词宾语只能是which/whom/whose1)This is the chair I sat yesterday. 2) This is the hero we are proud.3)The athlete you talked is a famous runner. 4)The city she lives is very far away.5)This is the teacher __________ help I have made great progress.6)This is the book I spend 20 yuan. 7)This is the book I learned a lot.8)This is the book I paid 20 yuan.9)In the deep valley there was not a single person the explorer could turn for help.2. 介词位于定语从句后的结尾时，可用that/which (指物) ,that/whom/who (指人) 作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可省略。
That is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. This is the hero (that/who/whom) we are proud of .3. 关系代词前的介词的使用情况。
(1) 根据前面名词的搭配关系。
I’ll never forget the day on which I firstmet him.(2) 根据定语从句后面动词和介词的搭配关系。
The man to whom youspoke just now is my brother.练习：1. 用 “介词+关系代词” 填空，并替换成相对应关系副词。
1) There are occasions _____________________ one must yield.2) Beijing is the place ______________________ I was born.3) Is this the reason_____________________ he refused our offer?2. 单选1) The train _____ she was traveling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that2) Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which3) I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.A. of whichB. for whichC. to thatD. to which4) He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A. butB. than whoC. against whomD. than whom五．限制性与非限制性定语从句1. 非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法：(1) 在任何情况下都不能省略。
(2) who (主语)， whom (宾语)，which (主语、宾语)不能用that 代替，也不能互换。
定语从句(2)
第
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专题九 定语从句
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第二部分 专题九
第1页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
定语从句高考考点
第 1
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步
考点二
考点三
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考点四
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句
第
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“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 步
as，which引导的定语从句
考点五 way和time后接定语从句的情况
之一是减缓全球范围的饥荒。
第
2 步
②Trading leather shoes is the business ___o_n_e_o_f_w__h_o_s_e___
the Greens are devoted. 皮鞋生意是格林一家所专注的事业。
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
③[2016·浙江]The study suggests that the cultures we grow
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步 (＝whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
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⑤His head soon appeared out of the window，
__f_r_o_m__w_h_e_r_e_____he saw nothing but trees.
3
关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则 步
第 2
用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
定语从句 2
初中定语从句2一、何时用关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句？when 引导定语从句:先行词是表示时间的名词而且是从句动作发生的时间时，用when引导定语从句。
I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when(=in which) we won’t be busy.where 引导定语从句:先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词而且是从句动作发生的地点时，用where引导定语从句。
This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table at which she is sitting is a new one.I’ll show you the point where you failed.why引导定语从句:先行词是reason并且从句是表示结果时，用why引导定语从句。
This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.The reason ________________ she gave was not true.特别注意：当定语从句缺主语或宾语才直接用which或that引导定语从句。
The library _______________________ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _______ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _______________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.I’ll never forget the day _____________________ we first met in the park.I’ll never forget the time ______________ I spe nt on campus.I’ll never forget the time ______________ was spent with you.二、介词+关系代词应注意的情况1. who、that 不能用与介词之后The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist. The man to whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives in is far away. The city in which she lives is far away.2. 在固定短语中介词不能提前Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .三、如何确定介词？把先行词接到从句谓语后面去,看需要什么介词1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend.The house ____ which he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.This is the hero _____ whom we are proud.3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配The school ______ which I study is the No. 11 high school.The rate/speed ______ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.The age______ which children can go to school is seven.4.根据从句中动词与先行词搭配来选用介词，这时是两者兼顾。
定语从句(2)
4) Her bag, in __w_h__ic_h__ she put all her money, has been stolen.
5) She heard a terrible noise， _w_h__ic_h_ brought her heart into her mouth.
2. Tomorrow I will bring here a book fo_r_w__h_ich you asked.
定语从句(2)
难点一：as的用法
1. It is such a big stone __a_s__ nobody can lift.
2. __A_s___ is known to all, he is the best student. 3. This is the same watch as I lost.
Translate the following English proverbs into Chinese and then pick out the attributive clauses.
1. God helps those who help
themselves .
天助自助者.
2. He who laughs last laughs best . 笑到最后的人才是英雄.
归 指代事物 which, that, as 纳 所属关系 whose
系 代
总 结
指地点 指时间
where when
关 系
词
指原因 why
副
做题技巧?
词
先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分
定语从句 2
第17课定语从句 2导言互译时注意这一语言差异，对掌握英语很有帮助。
在学习定语从句时，请注意关系代词和关系副词的区别，关系代词在从句中起到的是名词的作用，而关系副词起的是副词或介词短语的作用，即状语的作用。
▲关系副词WHEN-----代替时间WHERE-----代替地点WHY-----代替原因WHEN先行词关系副词在从句中做状语从以上的例句中可以看出，关系副词在从句中代替的是一个介词短语，相当于on the day，做状语。
该句也可以用关系代词来做。
请注意关系代词与关系副词的区别。
●先行词关系代词在从句中做介词on●WHERE●看，那就是我出生的房子。
注：where在从句中充当状语，代替in the house，该句也可以用关系代词来做。
WHY●I know the reason. She is unhappy for the reasontoday.●关系副词why代替从句中for the reason。
此句可以用关系代词做。
●●I know the reason▲as引导定语从句，先行词可以是一个名词，也可以是一个短语或一个句子。
as本身含有“像”的意思，而从句的位置不一定要在先行词之后●know的宾语代替前面整个句子(As you know, the earth moves around the sun.)正像你所知道那样地球围绕太阳运行。
●as-----------Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish novelist正如我的一位祖母说过的那样，这个世界上只有两家人：那就是富人和穷人。
-----西班牙小说家塞万提斯.M.●Money is the sinews（力量） of love, asAs = Money is the sinews-----------George Farquhar, Irish dramatist金钱是爱情的支柱，犹如金钱是战争的支柱一样。
定语从句2
定语从句(1)由关系副词引导的定语从句关系词先行词/ 所指从句成分例句备注关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we metthere.可用on which where 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born. 可用in which why 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turneddown my offer.可用for which在定语从句中，如果先行词表示时间、地点、原因，并在从句中作状语，则分别用关系副词when,where,why 或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。
1. He has lost the key to the drawer ________ the papers are kept.2. This was a time ________ there were still slaves in the USA.3．This is just the place __________ I am going to pay a visit these years.4. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou，________ live my grandparents and some relatives.5. Do you know the reason ________ he cried?6. We are living in an age many things are done on computers.当先行词同样表示时间、地点、原因，但关系词在定语从句中作主语、宾语时，则用关系代词which或 that 引导定语从句（作宾语时，关系代词常可省略）。
因此要仔细分析关系词在从句中的句法功能，选择正确的关系词。
定语从句2 缺成分
二定语从句缺成分缺主语，宾语，表语、定语时就使用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词或介词+关系代词。
(一)、定语从句缺主语定语从句缺主语，用与先行词对应的关系代词,人-who；事、物-which；人的、物的-whose 作从句的主语。
特殊情况用that。
（who．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．）was John.．．．answered the questionA. all of whichB. each of whichC. all of themD. each of them（2013）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what（二）、定语从句中缺宾语或状语1从句的谓语动词是及物动词，用关系代词作从句的宾语—which，whom，that；2从句的谓语动词是不及物动词，用关系副词when、where、why，或in，for+which做状语。
1.Yesterday we went to visit the house ( the great writer used to live).作状语2. built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.作宾语3.（we spent together.）作宾语4.(_____ I know) were killed in the earthquake.作宾语5.broke out).作状语6.This is the factory you worked last year.7.This is the factory you visited last year.8.Is this the factory you lived last year?答案：1 Where/in which 2 which/that/-- 3 which/that 4who/whom/that/--5 when/in which 6where/in which 7 which/that/-- 8where/in which真题2010 Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.A. asB. whichC. where/to whichD. that（三）定语从句中缺定语，用相应的关系代词The doctor advised him to give up smoking, advice he did not follow.哪一个建议他没遵守A.whoB. whoseC. whomD. which 谁的建议他没遵守（2012）I wish to thank Professor Smith, without___help I would never have got this far.B.who B. whoseC. whomD. which（2009）A person ____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever（四）主句缺先行词1主句缺先行词，从句谓语是及物动词-the one+代词Is this factory you visited last year?2主句缺先行词，从句谓语是不及物动词-the one+副词/介词+代词Is this factory you lived last year?（五）、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，用关副，无主语，用关代作主语。
定语从句(2)限制性和非限制性定语从句+课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习
限制性和非限制性定语从句区别
(3)翻译不同
含有限制性定语从句的句子一般先译从句,后译先行词,即把从句放在先行词前,译为“……的+先行 词”。含有非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译主句,后译从句,译成两个分句。
He is the man who lives next to me.他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 He is a warm-hearted man , who lives next to me.他是个热心肠的人,住在我的隔壁。
用正确的关系词填空：
小试牛刀
1.It is a truly delightful place,________looks the same as how it looked 100 years ago
with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
2.This woman has set a good example to her son, ________is a really lucky guy.
定语从句2
限制性和非限制性定语从句
第1章 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
定语从句分类
1 限制性定 语从句
2 非限制性 定语从句
限制性定语从句
比较这两个句子： She despised people.(她看不起人) She despised people who flattered her.(她看不起吹捧她的人)
通过以上句子，你能总结出这两 类定语从句的用法区别吗？
限制性和非限制性定语从句区别
(1)形式不同
限制性定语从句与主句之间无逗号隔开;非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。 This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的小说。 I read a novel last night, which is very interesting.我昨天晚上读了一本小说,它非常有趣。
定语从句 (2)
定语从句一、基本概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
如：Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where he lived ten years ago.注意：（1）定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；（2）定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。
（3）★引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose，as★关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：关系代词引导的定语从句, 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成This is the detective who came from London.The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.The desk whose leg is broken is very old.This is the room that／which Shakespeare was born in.注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。
1．★作定语用whose =the+ n+ of of which=of which the + n(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注意：“介词+ whose +名词”引导定语从句。
高中英语知识点 定语从句 (2)
what had happened in the accident.
3. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
planted last year.
Have a try
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( 主语 )
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
A.during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time
4.I was given three books on cooking, the first ______I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
up his house and attacked his relatives, and he himself
couldn't __3___ being sentenced to 30 years in prison.
1. A. set B. found C. constructed D. founded
4. A. However B. Therefore C. In fact D. Instead 5. A. introduced B. rewarded
专题6.定语从句2
第六课时 九年级上册 定语从句
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
演练通关提升
定语从句
基础自查
考点汇聚
随堂演练
课后作业
A doctor is a person who looks after a patient. 先行词 主语 谓语 宾语
基础自查
考点汇聚
随堂演练
课后作业
关系词
作用 先行词
例句
that,who,whom
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.这个男孩学习
whose
定语 人、物 非常刻苦,他爸爸是位医生。The room whose window is open is
mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的。
when
状语
时间
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.我仍然记得你动 身去北京的那一天。
2.关系代词的特殊用法 that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词，有的只能用that，有的只能用 which。 (1)下列情况只能用that： ①先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等。如：
All (that)you have to do is to practise every day. 你要做的就是每天都要练习。
基础自查
考点汇聚
随堂演练
课后作业
课前自学导引
课堂合作探究
本课结束
演练通关提升
This is the book for_w__h_ic_h_____you ask. 这是你要的书。 ②引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。如：