轿车前副车架设计及优化

本科毕业设计（论文）

轿车前副车架设计

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轿车前副车架设计

摘要

汽车轻量化设计是现代汽车产业发展的必然趋势，本课题围绕Roewe轿车前副车架采用镁合金的轻量化设计，实现平衡轿车驾驶的操控性和舒适性的目标。通过对轿车前副车架功能的分析，确立前副车架的设计方案，建立三维模型和有限元分析模型，并对前副车架采用镁合金材料强度分析，并对于结构薄弱的位置提出优化思路。

研究过程中，首先了解了汽车轻量化设计的目的和方法，并学习前副车架的相关知识，明确其在汽车中的作用，前副车架的发展历史，功能设计要求，结构特点，型式，与车身连接方式，材料等，本课题的前副车架采用镁合金，文中也分析了镁合金的特性优点以及在汽车制造上的应用。然后建立了前副车架的三维模型。

接着对前副车架进行结构强度的理论分析，包括所受到的载荷类型和强度理论，确定载荷工况，为之后的有限元分析奠定基础。

在学习有限元分析理论和了解有限元分析法在汽车行业中的应用之后，利用有限元分析软件hypermesh对前副车架的三维模型进行简化处理，网格划分，施加刚性连接和载荷工况，完成前副车架有限元分析模型的建立。在对前副车架进行强度分析后得出应力云图，并对其结构薄弱的位置提出优化思路。

本课题的研究工作，无论在设计上还是分析上，都对汽车行业零部件现代化开发提供了参考。

关键词:前副车架汽车轻量化镁合金有限元方法

DESIGN OF FRONT SUB-FRAME OF ROEWE CAR

ABSTRACT

Automotive lightweight design is an inexorable trend of the development of modern auto industry. In this paper, magnesium alloy is used to design the front sub-frame of Roewe car by lightweight technology to achieve the balance of control and comfort during the car driving. By analysing the function of front sub-frame, the design scheme is established, as well as the 3D model and the finite element model. Strength analysis is carried out to the front sub-frame of magnesium alloy and optimized idea is suggested to the weak link of the structure.

In the process of research, first, the intention and method of automotive lightweight design are comprehended. The related knowledge of the front sub-frame has been learned, and also the function, the development ,the design requirement, the shape ,the type ,the connection with the car body and the material have been confirmed. In this paper, the character and the application in the automotive manufacture of magnesium alloy is also analyzed. After that, a 3D model of front sub-frame is built.

Strength theoretic analysis is carried out to the front sub-frame, including load type and strength theory. Load cases are confirmed and ADAMS dynamics model is introduced in order to set the base of finite element analysis.

After learning finite element analysis theory and knowing the application in the automotive manufacture, hypermesh software is used to simply dispose the 3D model, and also mesh shell, add rigid joint, load cases so that a finite element analysis model can be established. Then the hypermesh optistruct function is used to get the stress nephogram, and the optimized idea is brought forward to the position of weak structure.

The results showed that the dynamic characteristics of designed front sub-frame of magnesium alloy meet the front sub-frame use requirements.

Key Word: Front sub-frame，Automotive lightweight design，

Magnesium alloy， Finite element method

目录

中文摘要

ABSTRACT

第一章绪论---------------------------------------------------- 1

1.1 课题研究意义--------------------------------------- 1

1.2 课题研究背景--------------------------------------- 1

1.3 本课题研究的主要内容------------------------------- 2

第二章前副车架总体方案设计----------------------------------- 3

2.1 前副车架简介--------------------------------------- 3

2.1.1 副车架的作用--------------------------------- 3

2.1.2 汽车前副车架的发展历史----------------------- 3

2.2 前副车架设计方案----------------------------------- 3

2.2.1 副车架功能设计要求--------------------------- 4