剑桥9问题整理
剑桥雅思9阅读解析-Test2
Question 1—6：H、C、B、I、D、AQuestion 7—10：two decades、crowd(noise、invisible(disabilities/disability、invisible(disabilities/disabilityQuestion 11—12：A、C剑桥雅思9Passage1整体分析体裁说明文题材科技应用主题青少年的听力障碍及应对措施段落概括A 段引出话题，并概要性介绍新西兰卫生部对本国青少年听力障碍的相关研究数据。
B 段教室噪音是教师和学生最关注的问题。
C 段相关国际机构也开始关注噪音在传统教学中对孩子的影响。
D 段听力障碍的几种常见病症E 段自闭症的典型特征及其对孩子学习上的影响F 段注意力不集中症的典型特征及其对孩子学习上的影响G 段隐形听力障碍儿童在学习环境中的受关注度愈加不够。
H 段新西兰政府应对儿童听力障碍的新举措。
I 段其他国家的类似效仿措施重点词汇A段impairment n.障碍；损害；损伤impact n.影响consequence n.结果；后果；影响auditory adj.听觉的deficit n.瑕疵；不足；赤字；亏损detrimental adj.有害的；不利的individual n.个体decade n.十年B段preliminary adj.初步的，初级的；预备的acoustics n.（空间的）传声效果mechanical adj.机械的air-conditioning n.空调comprehend v.理解，领悟collaborative adj.合作的，协作的heighten v.（使）加深，加剧exacerbate v.使恶化，使加剧concern n.令人担忧的亊；忧虑practice n.通常做法；惯例；练习ventilation n.空气流通，通风contribute to 导致；促成；有助于trend n.趋势interaction n.互动possession n.拥有；占有；财产potential n.可能性；潜在性；潜力C段maximum adj.最大的；最高的environment n.环境reverberation n.回声；回响generate v.造成；引起；产生evaluate v.评估D段disability n.残疾ASD 自闭症vulnerable adj.易受伤的ADD/ADHD 精神不集中E段autism n.孤独症，自闭症genetic adj.基因的；遗传的life-long adj.早生的；终生的sensory stimuli 感官刺激intrusive adj.打扰的；侵扰的adversely adv.不利地，有害地F段indicative adj.指示的；象征的；暗示的disinhibition n.抑制解除distraction n.分散注意力的事；使人分心的事sustaining adj.持续的；支持的persistence n.坚持，坚持不懈screen out 筛选出neurological adj.神经学的，神经系统的discrepancy n.差异；不一致distressing adj.使人痛苦的；令人苦恼的G段isolate v.使隔离；使孤立；单独考虑；区别看待strategy n.策略construction n.建筑物；建设thorough adj.彻底的undiagnosed adj.未确诊的penetrate v.进入；穿过；穿透；渗入optimum adj.最优的，最佳的；最适宜的investigation n.调查；审查H段embark on 着手：开始做barrier n.障碍consultation n.咨询objective n.目标I段formulate v.形成；构想imperative adj.必要的standard n.标准promulgate v.公布；颁布；宣扬精解Questions 1-6题型：段落信息配对题MATCHING解析：该题型是雅思阅读中的五星级难题，即乱序，出题思路点也很繁杂；所以尽管它通常为文章之后的第一个题型，但是在解答阅读套题时，建议考生最后再解决它。
剑桥雅思9真题及解析阅读Test3
剑桥雅思阅读真题答案：Question1—8：Y、N、Y、NG、Y、Y、N、YQuestion9—12：H、F、A、CPassage1整体分析体裁说明文题材语言学主题介绍两个语言学派的观点和态度段落概括第一段背景介绍：语言的普及性导致人们容易对其持有不同的看法第二段语言在社会各方面的影响第三段语言学派“规范主义”的观点第四段规范主义依赖于严格的语法规则及其目的第五段另一个语言学派“描写主义”的观点和态度第六段两个学派的现状及他们对彼此的误解雅思阅读重点词汇第一段objective adj.客观的debate n.争论，辩论linguistic adj.语言的，语言学的deteriorate v.衰退；恶化，变坏第二段criticise v.批评，批判social status社会地位exempt adj.被免除的，被豁免的identity n.身份；同一性第三段prescriptivism n.规范主义literature n.文学deviation n.背离be imposed on被强加于……之上adherent n.追随者第四段principle n.原则chaos n.混乱reliance n.依赖avoid v.避免beneath prep.在……之下dispute n.争论accurately adv.准确地，精确地alternative n.供代替的选择第五段motivate v.激发variation n.变化，改变第六段opposition n.反对valid adj.有效的advocate n.提倡者，支持者logic n.逻辑analysis n.分析diversity n.多样性halt v.停止，阻止original adj.最初的；独创的legislation n.立法；法律extreme adj.极端的考题精解Questions 1-8题型：判断题YES/NO/NOT GIVEN解析：判断题一般都是有顺序的，确定了第一道题的原文定位后，可以向后查找其他题目的答案。
剑桥雅思9解析
剑桥雅思9解析摘要：一、引言1.剑桥雅思考试的重要性2.剑桥雅思9 的出版背景二、剑桥雅思9 的内容概述1.听力部分2.阅读部分3.写作部分4.口语部分三、剑桥雅思9 的难度分析1.听力难度2.阅读难度3.写作难度4.口语难度四、如何备考剑桥雅思91.制定合理的学习计划2.注重基础知识和技能的培养3.模拟真实考试环境进行练习4.及时总结和调整学习策略五、总结1.剑桥雅思9 对于备考雅思的重要性2.全面提高自己的英语能力是应对雅思考试的关键正文：一、引言剑桥雅思考试作为全球范围内最受欢迎的英语能力测试之一，以其权威性和实用性受到了广大考生和教育工作者的认可。
而剑桥雅思官方教材，特别是最新出版的剑桥雅思9，更是考生们备考雅思的重要参考资料。
本文将对剑桥雅思9 进行详细解析，以帮助考生更好地理解和利用这部教材。
二、剑桥雅思9 的内容概述1.听力部分：剑桥雅思9 的听力部分共有四个单元，涵盖了各种生活、学术和职业场景，旨在帮助考生熟悉各种题型，提高听力技能。
2.阅读部分：剑桥雅思9 的阅读部分共有六个单元，题材丰富，包括自然科学、社会科学和人文科学等，让考生在提高阅读速度的同时，也能拓宽知识面。
3.写作部分：剑桥雅思9 的写作部分共有两个单元，分别针对图表作文和议论文进行训练，帮助考生掌握写作技巧，提高写作得分。
4.口语部分：剑桥雅思9 的口语部分共有十二个单元，涵盖了各种话题，考生可通过模仿和跟读，提高口语表达能力。
三、剑桥雅思9 的难度分析1.听力难度：剑桥雅思9 的听力难度相较于之前的版本有所提升，尤其是对于细节信息的捕捉和理解能力要求更高。
2.阅读难度：剑桥雅思9 的阅读难度同样有所增加，文章篇幅较长，涉及的知识点较为深入，需要考生具备较强的阅读和理解能力。
3.写作难度：剑桥雅思9 的写作难度主要体现在对考生论证能力和逻辑思维的考查上，要求考生能够清晰、有条理地表达自己的观点。
4.口语难度：剑桥雅思9 的口语难度主要体现在话题的多样性和回答的深度上，考生需要在有限的时间内，给出有见解、有说服力的回答。
剑桥雅思9真题及解析Test1阅读
剑桥雅思9阅读真题答案：Question 1—7：F、NG、F、T、NG、T、NGQuestion 8—13：(the rich、commercial、mauve、(RobertPullar、France、malariaPassage1整体分析裁材说明文题材人物介绍主题介绍合成染料发明人威廉·亨利·珀金以及合成染料的发现过程段落概括第一段珀金的生平以及兴趣介绍第二段 15岁时进入皇家化学学院学习第三段成为德国知名化学家霍夫曼最年轻的助手第四段承担起寻找奎宁替代品的实验第五段在实验中获得意外收获第六段传统的天然染料存在的弊端第七段意外获得可以染色的合成染料第八段合成染料的命名以及前期的商业筹备第九段合成染料取得了商业上的成功第十段合成染料的价值及其对其他领域的贡献雅思阅读重点词汇第一段第六段curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲prompt v. 促进;激起stumble upon 偶然发现enthusiasm n. 热情，激情historically adv. 从历史角度；在历史上dye n. 染料，染色 v. 给……染色outrageously adv. 非常，不寻常地fade v. 褪色，失去光泽backdrop n. 背景第二段immerse v. 沉迷，陷入perceive v. 意识到，察觉devotion n. 献身;热爱;忠诚eminent adj. 知名的，杰出的第七段grasp v. 了解，明白，抓住fabric n. 织物，布fascinating adj. 迷人的，有巨大吸引力的第三段enrolment n. 登记;注册fortune n. 财富，命运，幸运breakthrough n. 突破;穿透第八段originally adv. 起初，原来，别出心裁地assure v. （使）确信fierce adj. 强烈的；激烈的第四段viable adj. 切实可行的，有望实现的derive from 从……提取synthetic adj. 合成的，人造的第九段utilise v. 利用，使用flatter v. （使）满意，（使）高兴surpass v. 超过，胜过substitute ['snbstitju.t] n. 替代品v. 替代，替换第五段attempt v. 试图，尝试readily adv. 随意地，便利地unexpected adj. 意想不到的，意外的manufacture v. 制造；生产potential n. 潜能，可能性；a. 潜在的，有可能的第十段decorative adj. 装饰的考题精解Question 1——7题型：判断题 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN解析：判断题一般都是按照其在原文中出现的顺序排列，确定了第一个题目对应原文中的具体位置，即可向后直接寻找其他题目的答案。
剑桥雅思9口语解析test1
Part11.What games are popular in your country? [Why?]It varies. For our young generation, there is only one name for games that we are crazy about, which is the computer games, either single-user version or concurrent version. For the eider generation, like my grandpa, they have a lot of folk games to play, such as shuttlecock, diabolo and jumping rope. As for the reason why such kind of situation appears, personally I think it has much to do with the changes of times and technology.2.Do you play any games?[Why/Why not?]Before I give you my answer, I have to remind you that I'm a super game player. Of course I play games and played a great number of diversified ones. When I moved on the dancing blanket, I enjoyed the feeling of dancing to the music; When 1 played the Megga Jump, I couldn't help overcoming all the obstacles to win success. All these games not only help me relax but also benefit me with the ambition to succeed.3.Flow do people learn to play games in your country?Traditional games were quite simple and easy to learn. With the development of society, one huge difference nowadays is that we are obsessed with high-tech computer games. Referring to how to learn it, it's pretty convenient to find breakthrough on the Internet for player. They are experts of Counter-Strike and War Craft without devoting too much time to learning the game skills.4.Do you think it's important for people to play games? [Why/Why not?]Absolutely, games are of utmost importance for people. We can benefit both physically and mentally. Taking part in some outdoor games can enhance our body flexibility. And more importantly, We can make acquaintances with people whom we meet during the games which can in turn bring us happiness.Part2题目：Do people in your country enjoy going to open-air markets? Which type of market is more popular? Why? What do you think are the advantages of buying things from shops rather than markets?范文：Speaking of a market， I want to talk about my favorite open-air market. It's situated in the eastern part of my hometown.It's pretty huge. Its history goes back all the way to fifty years ago and it's quite famous in my hometown. Actually， everyone living in that city can tell you something about this market. The market is made up of many parts， like the food section， the toy section and the clothing section. A great number of people go there almost every day. Some of them buy things and some others just look around. Also， lots of people out of town visit this market. They heard a lot about it and hope to get some exciting shopping experiences. This market never let them down. You know there are tons of stuff and everyone can find the thing he or she wishes. Some others just enjoy chatting and bargaining therePart3话题一shopping at markets1、Do people in your country enjoy going to open-air markets that sell things like rood or clothes or old objects? Which type of market is more popular? Why?Well … umm … in our country, it is uncommon to find various open-air markets that are regularly seen in western countries. Moreover, since four seasons are clearly distinct in most of the cities: extremely hot in summer while freezing cold in winter, the fact is that people don't like shopping in an open-air market under such kind of climate, therefore, majority people prefer to shop malls and supermarkets.2、Do you think markets are more suitable places for selling certain types of things? which ones? why do you think this is?I think it is a mixed considering. Some products are more suitable for selling at markets, food and toys. And we can't deny the fact that some electrical cargos like television or cell phones sold at street markets are more likely to be counterfeit. That's exactly the reason why so many people tend to buy things like electrical items from the supermarket or shopping mall.3、Do you think young people feel the same about shopping at markets as older people? Why is that?Well, first I have to say that there are many differences. The elderly people are more likely to shop at the open-air markets. They are passionate about buying stuff on sale or bargaining with street vendors for lower prices; while, young people prefer to shop at shopping mall. As for the reason, I guess it is a natural result of the fact that they were born and grew up in different times. Elderly people and young guys have totally different moral values. Consequently,it is quite understandable.话题二Shopping in general1、 What do you think are the advantages of buying things from shops rather than markets?Although they seem quite similar, they do share some differences. The initial advantage to buy things from shops is that if it is faulty, then it is possible to return and get your money back. Subsequently, buying from a trustworthy shop means the goods will be more reliable than the ones you buy from a street market.2、How does advertising influence what people choose to buy? Is this true for everyoneThere are kinds of advertising in modern society. Undoubtedly, promotional advertisements contain fancy art elements that attract people to keep their eye on them. I think these are fairly influential to enable people to think about the advertised products. However, not all forms of advertisements can work out. As for me, I will be less likely to consider a product if the advertisements always appear in my spam or messages for its annoying.3、Do you think that any recent changes in the way people live have affected general shopping habits? Why is this?I suppose the answer is yes. In modern society, there is growing trend towards shopping on line with the busy lifestyle. Therefore, e-commerce has been around for a certain time and it is gradually breaking into traditional markets. Many large actual stores have closed down due to the competition of high street shopper. Instead, more and more people find it cheaper and convenient to purchase on line.。
可粘贴复制word版本的 剑桥雅思 9 Test 3
Test 3LISTENING SECTION 1 Questions 1—10Questions 1-5Complete the table below。
Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 6—10Complete the table below。
Write ONE WORK AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer。
SECTION 2 Questions 11—20Questions 11—13Choose the correct letter， A， B or C.Winridge Forest Railway Park11Simon’s idea for a theme park came fromA his childhood hobby.B his interest in landscape design.C his visit to another park.12 When they started， the family decided to open the park only whenA the weather was expected to be good。
B the children weren’t at school。
C there were fewer farming commitments.13 Since opening, the park has hadA 50,000 visitors。
B 1，000，000 visitors.C 1,500,000 visitors.Questions 14-18What is currently the main area of work of each of the following people？Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A—H， next to questions 14—18。
剑桥雅思阅读9原文答案解析（test4）
剑桥雅思阅读9原文答案解析(test4)剑桥雅思阅读部分的题目可以进行一些分类总结，因为考试的常见内容一般都会在下次考试中出现的。
下面就是今天小编给大家带来的剑桥雅思阅读9(test4)的内容，希望能够帮助同学们备考雅思考试。
剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test4)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1—13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.The life and work of Marie CurieMarie Curie is probably the most famous woman scientist who has ever lived. Born Maria Sklodowska in Poland in 1867, she is famous for her work on radioactivity, and was twice a winner of the Nobel Prize. With her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, she was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics, and was then sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.From childhood, Marie was remarkable for her prodigious memory, and at the age of 16 won a gold medal on completion of her secondary education. Because her father lost his savings through bad investment, she then had to take work as a teacher. Form her e arnings she was able to finance her sister Bronia’s medical studies in Paris, on the understanding that Bronia would, in turn, later help her to get an education.In 1891 this promise was fulfilled and Marie went to Paris and began to study at the Sorbonne (the University of Paris). She often worked far into the night and lived on little more than bread and butter and tea. She came first in the examination in the physical sciences in 1893, and in 1894 was placed second in the examination in mathematical sciences. It was not until thespring of that year that she was introduced to Pierre Curie.Their marriage in 1895 marked the start of a partnership that was soon to achieve results of world significance. Following Henri Becquerel’s discovery in 1896 of a new phenomenon, which Marie later called ‘‘radioactivity’, Marie Curie decided to find out if the radioactivity discovered in uranium was to be found in other elements. She discovered that this was true for thorium.Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity. Pierre Curie joined her in the work that she had undertaken to resolve this problem, and that led to the discovery of the new elements, polonium and radium. While Pierre Curie devoted himself chiefly to the physical study of the new radiations, Marie Curie struggled to obtain pure radium in the metallic state. This was achieved with the help of the chemist Andre-Louis Debierne, one of Pierre Curie’s pupils. Based on the results of this research, Marie Curie received her Doctorate of Science, and in 1903 Marie and Pierre shared with Becquerel the Nobel Prize for Physics for the discovery of radioactivity.The births of Marie’s two daughters, lrène and Eve, in 1897 and 1904 failed to interrupt her scientific work. She was appointed lecturer in physics at the Ecole Normale Supérieure for girls in Sèvres, France (1900), and introduced a method of teaching based on experimental demonstrations. In December 1904 she was appointed chief assistant in the laboratory directed by Pierre Curie.The sudden death of her husband in 1906 was a bitter blow to Marie Curie, but was also a turning point in her career:henceforth she was to devote all her energy to completing alone the scientific work that they had undertaken. On May 13, 1906, she was appointed to the professorship that had been left vacant on her hu sband’s death, becoming the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne. In 1911 she was awarded the Noble Prize for Chemistry for the isolation of a pure form of radium.During World War I, Marie Curie, with the help of her daughter Irène, devoted herself to the development of the use of X-radiography, including the mobile units which came to be known as ‘Little Curies’, used for the treatment of wounded soldiers. In 1918 the Radium Institute, whose staff Irène had joined, began to operate in earnest, and became a centre for nuclear physics and chemistry. Marie Curie, now at the highest point of her fame and, from 1922, a member of the Academy of Medicine, researched the chemistry of radioactive substances and their medical applications.In 1921, accompanied by her two daughters, Marie Curie made a triumphant journey to the United States to raise funds for research on radium. Women there presented her with a gram of radium for her campaign. Marie also gave lectures in Belgium, Brazil, Spain and Czechoslovakia and, in addition, had the satisfaction of seeing the development of the Curie Foundation in Paris, and the inauguration in 1932 in Warsaw of the Radium Institute, where her sister Bronia became director.One of Marie Curie’s outstanding achievements was to have understood the need to accumulate intense radioactive sources, not only to treat illness but also to maintain an abundant supply for research. The existence in Paris at the Radium Institute of a stock of 1.5 grams of radium made a decisive contribution to the success of the experiments undertaken in the years around1930. This work prepared the way for the discovery of the neutron by Sir James Chadwick and, above all, for the discovery in 1934 by lrène and Frédéric Joliot Curie of artificial radioactivity.A few months after this discovery, Marie Curie died as a result of leukaemia caused by exposure to radiation. She had often carried test tubes containing radioactive isotopes in her pocket, remarking on the pretty blue-green light they gave off.Her contribution to physics had been immense, not only in her own work, the importance of which had been demonstrated by her two Nobel Prizes, but because of her influence on subsequent generations of nuclear physicists and chemists.Questions 1—6Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1—6 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Marie Curie’s husband was a joint winner of both Marie’s Nobel Prizes.2 Marie became interested in science when she was a child.3 Marie was able to attend the Sorbonne because of her sister’s financial contribution.4 Marie stopped doing research for several years when her children were born.5 Marie took over the teaching position her husband had held.6 Marie’s sister Bronia studied the medical uses of radioactivity.Questions 7—13Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 7—13 on your answer sheet.Marie Curie’s research on radioactivityWhen uranium was discovered to be radioactive, Marie Curie found that the element called 7______ had the same property.Marie and Pierre Curi e’s research into the radioactivity of the mineral known as 8_______ led to the discovery of two elements.In 1911, Marie Curie received recognition for her work on the element 9_______Marie and lrène Curie developed X-radiography which was used as a medical technique for 10 ______Marie Curie saw the importance of collecting radioactive material both for research and for cases of 11 ______.The radioactive material stocked in Paris contributed to the discoveries in the 1930s of the 12 ______ and of what was know as artificial radioactivity.During her research, Marie Curie was exposed to radiation and as a result she suffered from 13 ______.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14—26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Y oung children’s sense of identityA. A sense of self develops in young children by degrees. The process can usefully be thought of in terms of the gradual emergence of two somewhat separate features: the self as a subject, and the self as an object. William James introduced the distinction in 1892, and contemporaries of his, such as Charles Cooley, added to the developing debate. Ever since thenpsychologists have continued building on the theory.B. According to James, a child’s first step on the road to self-understanding can be seen as the recognition that he or she exists. This is an aspect of the self that he labeled ‘self-as-subject’, and he gave it various elements. These included an awareness of one’s own agency (i.e. one’s power to act), and an awa reness of one’s distinctiveness from other people. These features gradually emerge as infants explore their world and interact with caregivers. Cooley (1902) suggested that a sense of the self-as-subject was primarily concerned with being able to exercise power. He proposed that the earliest examples of this are an infant’s attempts to control physical objects, such as toys or his or her own limbs. This is followed by attempts to affect the behaviour of other people. For example, infants learn that when they cry or smile someone responds to them.C. Another powerful source of information for infants about the effects they can have on the world around them is provided when others mimic them. Many parents spend a lot of time, particularly in the early months, copying their infant’s vocalizations and expressions. In addition, young children enjoy looking in mirrors, where the movements they can see are dependent upon their own movements. This is not to say that infants recognize the reflection as their own image (a later development). However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants’ developing understanding that the movements they see in the mirror are contingent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are distinct from other people. This is because they, and only they, can change the reflection in the mirror.D. This understanding that children gain of themselves asactive agent continues to develop in their attempts to co-operate with others in play. Dunn (1988) points out that it is in such day-to –day relationships and interactions that the child’s understanding of his-or herself emerges. Empirical investigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, rather scarce because of difficulties of communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, they certainly cannot express this aspect of the self directly.E. Once children have acquired a certain level of self-awareness, they begin to place themselves in whole series of categories, which together play such an important part in defining them uniquely as ‘themselves’. This second step in the development of a full sense of self is what James called the ‘self-as-object’. This has been seen by many to be the aspect of the self which is most influenced by social elements, since it is made up of social roles (such as student, brother, colleague) and characteristics which derive their meaning from comparison or interaction with other people (such as trustworthiness, shyness, sporting ability).F. Cooley and other researchers suggested a close connection between a person’s own understanding of their identity and other people’s understanding of it. Cooley believed that people build up their sense of identity form the reactions of others to them, and form the view they believe others have of them. He called the self-as-object the ‘looking-glass self’, since people come to see themselves as they are reflected in others. Mead (1934) went even further and saw the self and the social world as inextricably bound together: ‘Th e self is essentially a social structure, and it arises in social experience… it is impossible to conceive of a self arising outside of socialexperience.’G. Lewis and Brooks-Gunn argued that an important developmental milestone is reached when children become able to recognize themselves visually without the support of seeing contingent movement. This recognition occurs around their second birthday. In one experiment, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) dabbed some red powder on the noses of children who were playing in front of a mirror, and then observed how often they touched their noses. The psychologists reasoned that if the children knew what they usually looked like, they would be surprised by the unusual red mark and would start touching it. On the other hand, they found that children of 15 to 18 months are generally not able to recognize themselves unless other cues such as movement are present.H. Finally, perhaps the most graphic expressions of self-awareness in general can be seen in the displays of rage which are most common from 18 months to 3 years of age. In a longitudinal study of groups of three or four children, Bronson (1975) found that the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years. Often, the children’s disagreements involved a struggle over a toy that none of them had played with before or after the tug-of-war: the children seemed to be disputing ownership rather than wanting to play with it. Although it may be less marked in other societies, the link between the sense of ‘self’ and of ‘ownership’ is a notable feature of childhood in Western societies.Questions 14—19Reading Passage 2 has eight paragraphs, A—H.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A—H, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.14 an account of the method used by researchers in a particular study15 the role of imitation in developing a sense of identity16 the age at which children can usually identify a static image of themselves17 a reason for the limitations of scientific research into ‘self-as-subject’18 reference to a possible link between culture and a particular form of behaviour19 examples of the wide range of features that contribute to the sense of ‘self-as-object’Questions 20—23Look at the following findings (Questions 20—23) and the list of researchers below.Match each finding with the correct researcher or researchers, A—E.Write the correct letter, A—E, in boxes 20—23 on your answer sheet.20 A sense of identity can never be formed without relationships with other people.21 A child’s awareness of self is related to a sense of mastery over things and people.22 At a certain age, children’s sense of identity leads t o aggressive behaviour.23 Observing their own reflection contributes to children’s self awareness.List of ResearchersA JamesB CooleyC Lewis and Brooks-GunnD MeadE BronsonQuestions 24—26Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 24—26 on your answers sheet.How children acquire a sense of identityFirst, children come to realize that they can have an effect on the world around them,for example by handling objects, or causing the image to move when they face a 24 ______. This aspect of self-awareness is difficult to research directly, because of 25______ problems.Secondly, children start to become aware of how they are viewed by others. One important stage in this process is the visual recognition of themselves which usually occurs when they reach the age of two. In Western societies at least, the development of self awareness is often linked to a sense of 26 ______, and can lead to disputes.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 on the following pages.Questions 27-30Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs, A—F.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B—E from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i—vii, in boxes 27—30 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Commercial pressures on people in chargeii Mixed views on current changes to museumsiii Interpreting the facts to meet visitor expectationsiv The international dimensionv Collections of factual evidencevi Fewer differences between public attractionsvii Current reviews and suggestionsExample AnswerParagraph A v27 Paragraph B28 Paragraph C29 Paragraph D30 Paragraph EThe Development of MuseumsA. The conviction that historical relics provide infallible testimony about the past is rooted in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when science was regarded as objective and value free. As one writer observes: ‘Although it is now evident that artefacts are as easily altered as chronicles, public faith in their veracity endures: a tangible relic seems ipso facto real’. Such conviction was, until recently, reflected in museum displays. Museums used to look — and some still do — much like storage rooms of objects packed together in showcases: good for scholars who wanted to study the subtle differences in design, but not for the ordinary visitor, to whom it all looked alike. Similarly, the information accompanying the objects often made little sense to the lay visitor. The content and format of explanations dated back to a time when the museum was the exclusive domain of the scientific researcher.B. Recently, however, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have altered. The key word in heritage display is now ‘experience’, the more exciting the better and, if possible, involving all the senses. Good examples of this approach in the UK are the Jorvik Centre in York; the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television in Bradford; and the Imperial War Museum in London. In the US the trend emerged much earlier: Williamsburg has been a prototype for many heritage developments in other parts of the world. No one can predict where the process will end. On so-called heritage sites the re-enactment of historical events is increasingly popular, and computers will soon provide virtual reality experiences, which will present visitors with a vivid image of the period of their choice, in which they themselves can act as if part of the historical environment. Such developments have been criticized as an intolerable vulgarization, but the success of many historical theme parks and similar locations suggests that the majority of the public does not share this opinion.C. In a related development, the sharp distinction between museum and heritage sites on the one hand, and theme parks on the other, is gradually evaporating. They already borrow ideas and concepts from one another. For example, museums have adopted story lines for exhibitions, sites have accepted ‘theming’ as a r elevant tool, and theme parks are moving towards more authenticity and research-based presentations. In zoos, animals are no longer kept in cages, but in great spaces, either in the open air or in enormous greenhouses, such as the jungle and desert environ ments in Burgers’ Zoo in Holland. This particular trend is regarded as one of the major developments in the presentation of natural history in the twentieth century.D. Theme parks are undergoing other changes, too, as they try to present more serious social and cultural issues, and move away from fantasy. This development is a response to market forces and, although museums and heritage sites have a special, rather distinct, role to fulfil, they are also operating in a very competitive environment, where visitors make choices on how and where to spend their free time. Heritage and museum experts do not have to invent stories and recreate historical environments to attract their visitors: their assets are already in place. However, exhibits must be both based on artefacts and facts as we know them, and attractively presented. Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in difficult position, as they must steer a narrow course between the demands of ‘evidence’ and ‘attractiveness’, especially given the increasing need in the heritage industry for income-generating activities.E. It could be claimed that in order to make everything in heritage more ‘real’, historical accuracy must be increasingly altered. For example, Pithecanthropus erectus is depicted in an Indonesian museum with Malay facial features, because this corresponds to public perceptions. Similarly, in the Museum of Natural History in Washington, Neanderthal man is shown making a dominant gesture to his wife. Such presentations tell us more about contemporary perceptions of the world than about our ancestors. There is one compensation, however, for the professionals who make these interpretations: if they did not provide the interpretation, visitors would do it for themselves, based on their own ideas, misconceptions and prejudices. And no matter how exciting the result, it would contain a lot more bias than the presentations provided by experts.F. Human bias is inevitable, but another source of bias in the representation of history has to do with the transitory nature of the materials themselves. The simple fact is that not everything from history survives the historical process. Castles, palaces and cathedrals have a longer lifespan than the dwellings of ordinary people. The same applies to the furnishing and other contents of the premises. In a town like Leyden in Holland, which in the seventeenth century was occupied by approximately the same number of inhabitants as today, people lived within the walled town, an area more than five times smaller than modern Leyden. In most of the houses several families lived together in circumstances beyond our imagination. Yet in museums, fine period rooms give only an image of the lifestyle of the upper class of that era. No wonder that people who stroll around exhibitions are filled with nostalgia; the evidence in museums indicates that life was so much better in past. This notion is induced by the bias in its representation in museums and heritage centres.Questions 31—36Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet.31 Compared with today’s museums, those of the past.A did not present history in a detailed way.B were not primarily intended for the public.C were more clearly organised.D preserved items with greater care.32 According to the writer, current trends in the heritage industryA emphasise personal involvement.B have their origins in York and London.C rely on computer images.D reflect minority tastes.33 The writer says that museums, heritage sites and theme parksA often work in close partnership.B try to preserve separate identities.C have similar exhibits.D are less easy to distinguish than before.34 The writer says that in preparing exhibits for museums, expertsA should pursue a single objective.B have to do a certain amount of language translation.C should be free from commercial constraints.D have to balance conflicting priorities.35 In paragraph E, the writer suggests that some museum exhibitsA fail to match visitor expectations.B are based on the false assumptions of professionals.C reveal more about present beliefs than about the past.D allow visitors to make more use of their imagination.36 The passage ends by noting that our view of history is biased becauseA we fail to use our imagination.B only very durable objects remain from the past.C we tend to ignore things that displease us.D museum exhibits focus too much on the local area.Questions 37—40Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 37—40 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this37 Consumers prefer theme parks which avoid serious issues.38 More people visit museums than theme parks.39 The boundaries of Leyden have changed little since the seventeenth century.40 Museums can give a false impression of how life used to be.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test4)Passage 1参考译文：加利福尼亚州的特大火灾干旱，房屋的大量扩建，易燃物的过度供给导致美国西部发生更大更热的火灾。
剑桥雅思9真题及解析Test3写作
写作名师点题：这个题目属于argumentation辩论型题目。
题干中包含d iscuss both sides,则必须使用对称式结构。
从思路上来说，比校难写，不容易找出理由。
可以围绕以下思路:人们现在的工作、学习压力大，没时问运动:人们在空闲时一般都看电视、上网.不做运动等。
雅思写作高分范文：A proble m of modemsociet ies is the declin ing levelof health in the genera l popul a t ion. One possib le soluti on is to provid e more sports facili tiesto encourage a more active lifestyle. However, there are some people who doubt whether the solution would have effects.Advocates of this solution believe that increasing the number of sports facilities is the best way to improve the weU-being of people. First of all, nowadays people have to devote more time and energy to their careers and therefore they are too busy to spare time for physical exercises. If there were easy-to-reach local sports facilities, they would be more likely to take part in physical activitiesregularly. Another reason is that today's sedentary lifestyle means that physical activ i ty is no longer part of people's leisure time. If more sports facilities were offer e d, doing a variety of sports would be much more attractive than just sitting in front of a screen every evening.However, there are some reasons why the solution may have little effect. In the first place, interest in sports is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract those who are already fit, not those who need them badly. What we should do is to help children develop a positive attitude to exercise at an early age. In the secon d place, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. For example, high tax penalt ies could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consu m ption of any of these contributes to poor health. Even improving the public transport would help because it takes a longer time to walk to the bus stop than to the car.In my opinion, increasing the number of sports facilities may not have the desired resul t s. People should be encouraged to form the habit of doing regular physical exercises when they are young. In addition, some better approaches may assist in improving peopl e's health.作文结构分析：根据题目要求，此范文使用了对称式结构，文章分为四段:第一段介绍题目背景并简述双方观点:第二段对同意这种做法的观点进行了分析，并说明了两个理由:第三段时反对这个做法的观点进行了分析，也阐述了两个理由;第四段总结全文，提出自己的观点。
剑桥雅思9写作Test2Task1真题解析
剑桥雅思9写作Test2Task1真题解析智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思9写作Test2Task1真题+解析摘要：剑桥雅思9是很多考生都在学习的教材，在口语和写作的学习中，很多地方考生不是很了解，为此，小编下面为大家带来其详细解析，就请大家跟随小编一起来看下吧！剑桥雅思是雅思的权威教材，每个考生都会学习，尤其是剑桥雅思8、9、10，很多考生从中受益很多。
下面，小编就为大家带来了剑桥雅思9写作Test2Task1真题+解析，感兴趣的同学赶快来看下吧!雅思写作名师点题：柱状图主要有两个考点要考查;一是对于数据间的比较要详细描述;二是对于横轴的趋势变化要进行归纳和总结性说明，这样才能达到总体描述的效果。
雅思写作高分范文：The bar chart reveals the time spent in the UK for different types of telephone calls from 1995 to 2002Generally, among three categories including "local一fixed line", "national and international一fixed line" and "mobiles (all calls)", local phone calls accounted for the largest proportion ofall usage, ranging from 70 to 90 billion minutes. Next to it, national and international ones took the second position standing at 38 to 60 million minutes. obviously, the mobiles took up thesmallest part (3 to 40 billion minutes).The trends of the telephone usage changed during the 8 years. The local phone calls peaked at 90 billion minutes in 1999, and then started to decline to the 1995 figure in 2002 (70 billion).However, the trends of the other two kept increasing.National and international calls rose。
剑桥9 Test 1 词汇练习题 压缩版必背词汇
Test 1 Cambridge 9I. Translate the following words:Passage 1solidify devotion Perceive eminent enrolment fortune derive from surpass desirability substitute mysterious unexpected fascinating commercial fierce boost flatter gown Stain invisible bacteria artificial curiosity prompt photographyPassage 2haunt humanity civilisation attempt curiosity sufficient horizon wipe out galaxy threat nuclear ignore evidence emerge conservative assumption radically resemble estimate alien frequency telescope dramatically extra-terrestrial intelligence primary curiosity detection sufficient horizon civilization threat survival on average optimism nuclear ignorePassage 3tortoise mammal snail worm invasion migration reproduction abandon cousin marine ancestor equivalent descend terrestrial dinosaur species triangular graph apparently branch constitute remarkable remoteII. Group the following synonyms.Passage 1recognise dyediscovery ask advicerich includenow traditionalsynthetic fortunetconsult breakthroughconservative currentstain perceiveincorporate artificialPassage 2transmit deal withethical moraltenuous send outdetect insignificant; having little meaningfoster write the first versionaddress find outdraft help to developinconceivable unbelievablehaunt keep thinkingPassage 3enterprising dryreproduction aggressiverevert sea-bornparched restorecontemporary modern-dayevolve equalmarine propagationequivalent advanceIII. Translate the following sentences.Passage 1But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.Passage 2Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form, quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it.Passage 3Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction.。