湖南省衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考语文试题
湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三语文上学期第二次月考试题
衡阳市八中2016年下学期月考高三语文考生注意：本试卷共18道小题，满分150分，时量150分钟，请将答案写在答题卷上第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
中西美学比较彭吉象人类都在追求真善美,但是,中国的美学和中国的艺术更多地追求美和善的统一,更加强调艺术的伦理价值;而西方的美学和西方的艺术更多地追求美和真的统一,更加强调艺术的认识价值。
正因为如此,两种艺术表现形式具有很大的不同。
以西方话剧和中国戏曲中的悲剧为例,西方的悲剧可以说是彻底的悲剧,一悲到底,如莎士比亚的《哈姆莱特》,到最后差不多台上所有的主要人物都死了。
中国的戏曲不是没有悲剧,但它一定要有一个光明的结局,或者称为大团圆的结局,一定要让“善”战胜“恶”,这就是中国文化强调的美与善的统一。
中国传统美学强调的是表现、抒情、言志,而西方美学强调的是再现、模仿、写实。
这是一个很大的不同。
中国的艺术注重表现艺术家的情感。
如中国绘画更多地强调表现,不注重焦点透视,而是注重散点透视;西方绘画却强调再现、模仿和写实,非常注重焦点透视。
为什么会这样?区别的原因在哪里呢?我觉得除了两种文化不同以外,还有一个就是两种文学的源头不一样。
中国文学史是从《诗经》《楚辞》开始的。
《诗经》大部分在黄河流域,而《楚辞》是在长江流域。
它们分别代表了中国的黄河文明和长江文明,但是它们有一个共同的特点,就是它们都是抒情诗歌。
抒情诗歌就是要表现、抒情和言志。
所以中国文学艺术的源头是抒情文学,文化的传承形成了中国艺术强调抒情的特点。
西方文学公认的源头是《荷马史诗》和古希腊戏剧。
《荷马史诗》是史诗,是在讲故事,而且故事非常精彩。
还有古希腊的戏剧也很有名。
我们可以发现,《荷马史诗》和古希腊戏剧都是叙事文学,叙事文学一定要再现、模仿、写实,和我们抒情文学的表现形式是完全不一样的,所以,两种文学艺术的源头不同,造就了中西方美学与艺术各自的特色。
湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三语文第二次质检试题
衡阳八中2017届高三年级第二次质检试卷语文（试题卷）注意事项：1.本卷为衡阳八中高三年级实验班第二次质检试卷，分两卷。
其中共22题，满分150分，考试时间为150分钟。
2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。
开考15分钟后，考生禁止入场，监考老师处理余卷。
3.请考生将答案填写在答题卡上，选择题部分请用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题部分请用黑色0.5mm签字笔书写。
考试结束后，试题卷与答题卡一并交回。
★预祝考生考试顺利★第I卷阅读题一.现代文阅读（三部分，共35分）（一）阅读下面的文章（论述类），回答1-3题。
（每题3分，共9分）与现代西洋的“团体格局”不同，中国乡土社会的基层机构是一种“差序格局”。
在差序格局下，每个人都以自己为中心结成网络。
这就像把一块石头扔进湖水里，以这个石头为中心点，在四周形成一圈一圈的波纹，波纹的远近还可以标示社会关系的亲疏。
社会结构格局的差别，引起了不同的道德观念。
在西洋，对宗教的虔诚和信赖，不但是他们道德观念的来源，而且是支持行为规范的力量。
象征着团体的“神”有两个观念：一是每个人个人在生前的平等，一是神对每个个人的公道。
因而每个团体分子和团体的关系是相等的，团体不能为任何个人所私有。
人对人得互相尊重权利，团体对个人也必须保障这些个人的权利，防止“团体代理人”乱用权力，于是他们有了宪法、国会。
宪法观念是和信阳公务观念相配合的。
国家可以要求人民的服务，但是国家也得保证不侵害人民的权利，在公道和爱护的范围内行使权利。
恰恰相反，在差序格局中，道德体系的出发点是“克己复礼”、“壹是皆以修身为本”。
我们没有一个超乎私人关系的道德观念，与此不无关系。
因为从己向外推以构成的社会范围是一根根私人联系，每根绳子被一种道德要素维持着。
社会范围是从己推出去的，而推的过程里有着各种路线，最基本的是亲属，亲子和同胞，相配的道德要素是孝和悌。
“孝悌也者，其为人之本欤。
湖南省衡阳市八中2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考语文试题(含解析)
衡阳市重点中学2024届高三第二次月考语文试题一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：“孤陈的城市在长夜中埋葬/他们记忆着最美丽的皇后/飘零在西落的太阳下/要先做一场梦”，这是机器人小冰写的一首诗。
人工智能“诗人”小冰经过两年不断的深度“学习”，如今已具备强大的“创作”能力。
在研发过程中，工程师们曾用27个化名，在豆瓣、贴吧和天涯等多个网络社区的诗歌讨论区中发布小冰的作品，在此过程中，没有人发现作者是个机器人。
后来，小冰研发团队从小冰写成的数万首诗中挑出139首结集出版，取名《阳光失了玻璃窗》。
据介绍，为了掌握写诗技能，小冰学习了1920年以来519位诗人的现代诗，被训练了超过10000次。
一开始，小冰写出的诗句毫不通顺，后来慢慢变得“风格独特、有偏好和行文技巧”。
如果说“诗人”小冰的“创作”仍是基于对海量文字的统计和计算，那“画家”小冰的模型已开始基于情感计算框架。
换句话说，“画家”小冰不仅具有IQ（智商），还开始具有EQ（情商），并且其“创作”开始基于情感激发。
这个模型有这样非常鲜明的特点：会大量使用诱发源，不是让机器把一种已有的视觉元素进行复制、拼接，再转成另外一种风格重新生成，而是要求在诱发源的帮助下，激发人工智能进行独立创作。
该模型通过对过往400年艺术史上236位人类画家画作的学习，已能独立完成100%原创的绘画作品。
此前世界上大多数人工智能的开发都是围绕着任务驱动型、知识型的路线来架构。
但近些年，各大科技公司越来越重视对人工智能EQ（情商）的开发。
除了微软的小冰，亚马逊开始希望Alexa能够有同理心，百度也提出“智能体”的概念，要求人工智能更加有个性，更加有“人设”。
人工智能的构建已经从单纯的IQ开始向“IQ+EQ”演变。
从长远看，人工智能将不仅具备人类的智慧，或许还将拥有人类的情感。
艺术是人类情感符号化的表现形式，当人工智能拥有情感，并且能够依靠情感激发来进行文艺创作，那人类独有的文艺创作能力的确会受到极大的挑战。
语文高三复习专题卷湖南省高考分类汇编—古代诗歌鉴赏
2012届高三二轮复习专题卷：湖南省高考语文最新分类汇编—古代诗歌鉴赏（衡阳市八中2012届高三第三次月考）10 .阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。
（7分）生查子？独游西岸① 辛弃疾青山招不来，偃蹇②谁怜汝？岁晚太寒生，唤我溪边住。
山头明月来，本在天高处。
夜夜入清溪，听读《离骚》去。
注：①淳熙八年（1181 ）冬，辛弃疾被诬罢官，长期闲居于上饶城北的带湖之畔。
西岩就在上饶城南，风景优美。
这首词是他闲居期间的记游之作。
②偃蹇：高耸、傲慢的样子。
（1 ）在诗人笔下，青山、明月是怎样的形象？（3 分）（2）简要分析“夜夜入清溪、听读《离骚》去”表现了诗人怎样的思想感情。
（4分）10、（1）貌似傲慢却又充满情意的青山，（1分）高洁而又善解人意的明月，（1分）是诗人想像中理想人格的化身，没有世俗偏见，高洁、正直而又纯洁，是作者被贬独游时的知音。
（1分）（2）“夜夜”表非止一夜，“听读”写明月默默地听着词人读《离骚》。
（1 分）诗句表现诗人被贬独游的孤独、忧愤，（1分）对明月相伴的感谢之情（1分）以及和屈原一样的矢志不渝的爱国之情。
（1分）（湖南省师大附中2012届高三第二次月考）10.阅读下面的宋词，完成题目。
（7分）虞美人？寄公度舒亶①芙蓉落尽天涵水，日暮沧波起。
背飞双燕贴云寒，独向小楼东畔倚阑看。
浮生只合尊前老，雪满长安道。
故人早晚上高台，赠我江南春色一枝梅。
【注】①舒亶：宋神宗时任御史中丞，获罪罢官，曾写此词寄赠江南友人公度。
⑴ 词上阕点明了季节的句子是__________________________________ ; “背飞双燕”一语，在词中的寓意是________________________________ 。
（2分）⑵试从“虚实结合”的角度赏析本首词。
（5分）10•⑴芙蓉落尽天涵水/朋友离别。
（2分）⑵要点：上阕实写日暮独倚楼头所见苍凉的秋景；（2分）下阕虚拟岁暮朋友登楼远眺，遥赠我江南春梅的情景。
湖南衡阳八中高三第二次月考----语文
衡阳市八中2010届高三第二次月考语文试题时量：150分钟满分：150分一、语言知识及运用（15分，每小题3分）1、下列加点字读音相同的一组是：（）A、数．落数．学数．米而炊数．见不鲜B、懿．旨造诣．高中肄．业拼命逃逸．C、寥．落蓼．蓝谬．种流传未雨绸缪．D、凄怆．寒伧．沧海一粟踉踉跄．跄2、下列各项中有两个错别字的一项是A、席卷全球的金融危机让许多国家原气大伤，谁能最快地杀出重围，谁就是胜者。
B、万人瞩目的国庆60周年阅兵典礼将在装扮一新的天安门广场震憾登场。
C、从学生调查反应的情况看，长郡中学学生的负担并不重，看来《晚报》3月8日的报到有些失实。
D、一株枯藤，背倚着一段颓墙，在如血的残阳中，自有一种深遂的力量和静谧的美。
3、下列各句中加点的词语使用恰当．．的一句是（）A、在9月21日的上海国际田联黄金大奖赛中，刚刚复出还未进行系统训练的刘翔在110米栏中获得了13秒15的好成绩，看来，在田径场上再掀中国狂潮应该是倚马可待．．．．的事。
B、为了在“百家讲坛”讲好汉武帝，王立群教授披阅．．了大量的文献资料，并作了深入细致的研究。
C、尽管分开才不到两天，经历了这一番生死劫，两个五大三粗的汉子一见面，难免．．百感交集，唏嘘不已。
D、大家都没想到，他瘦小的身躯竟然蕴藏着如此惊人的力量，真是“画龙画虎难画骨，知．．．．．．．．．人知面不知心．．．．．．”呀！4、下列各项无语病的是（）A、在多方的斡旋下，狂妄自大的里西、舒茨终于放下了他们的架子，分别同费尔、哈达姆举行了恳切的会谈。
B、眼下，“拼生活”已经成为一种社会时尚。
刚毕业的几个同学“拼房”——1500元的房租分成三份，志趣相投的几个同事“拼卡”——一起购物，优惠卡、购物返券各取所需。
对于“拼”是否是一种理想的生活方式的问题上，大家看法不一。
C、对这一小撮别有用心的叛乱分子的阴谋活动是应加以揭露，而且完全能够把它揭露的。
这一点我们毫不怀疑。
D、的确，正因为苏东坡太出色，能把同时代的人比得有点狼狈，所以一部分人先是酸溜溜的嫉恨他，然后便你一拳我一脚的糟践他。
2012届高三语文上册第二次月考调研试题
2012届高三语文上册第二次月考调研试题衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷语文一、语言文字运用（12分，每小题3分）1、下列词语中，字形和加点字的读音全都正确的一项是（）A.溘然（kè）信笺（jiān）要言不繁锋芒必露B.洿池（wū）摈弃（bǐng）皇天厚土义愤填膺（yīng）C.聒噪（guō）荫庇（yìn）舐犊情深虚与委蛇（yí）D.逡巡（qūn）供给（gòng）克尽职守草菅人命2、下列各句中，加点成语运用恰当的一项是（）A．笔者走访了我市部分灯具市场，发现节能灯市场鱼龙混杂，质量参差不齐，不同牌子、相同瓦数的节能灯，价格可以相差10倍。
B．虽然四川盆地没有受到日本核泄漏的影响已是路人皆知，但各地仍然出现了“抢盐潮”，这种现象启发我们思考如何更加理性地面对灾难。
C．王勃在滕王阁盛会上，当众挥笔而书，率尔成章，于是《滕王阁序》喷薄而出，“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”熠熠生辉。
D．王旭明做客杭州的行程排得很满，记者的采访只能见缝插针地安排在他从宾馆前往浙江人文大讲堂的路上。
3、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．为了消除富豪们的误解，盖茨和巴菲特将会尽快发来亲笔信，说明此次活动只为结交朋友、寻找伙伴，不会给中国富豪们带来捐献的压力。
B．医生建议易过敏的人在春季应少晒太阳，已经痊愈的日光性皮炎、季节性皮炎病人要注意尽量避免不晒太阳，不要使用香皂和碱性化妆品。
C．“神马都是浮云”“鸭梨”“围脖”“给力”等网络词语在2010年一夜窜红的主要原因是一部分网民在背后推波助澜所造成的。
D．在“十二五”第一年里，中国一直高度关注民生问题，努力改善居民的生活条件和质量，让民众共享改革发展的成果。
4、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（） 一次去青海湖，湖面如无边无际的大海一样。
，，，，。
青藏高原上的纳木错湖，海拔高达4500米，堪称举在天上的湖。
，好像大地佩戴的一块翡翠坠子。
湖南衡阳市八中2012年下期模块测试试题
湖南衡阳市八中2012年下期模块测试试题高三2012-11-20 17:37衡阳市八中2012年下期模块测试试题高二语文命题人：成雄辉审题人：莫崇芳考生注意：本卷共23道小题，满分100分，时量120分钟，请将答案写在答题卷上。
Ⅰ 语言基础知识及运用（6小题，每小题2分，共12分）⒈ 下列词语中，加点字的字音都正确的一项是（）A．尴尬(jiâ)岑寂(cãn)怂恿（zònɡ）命途多舛(chuǎn) B．玷辱（diàn)尺牍(dú)赍发（jī）咬文嚼字(jiáo) C．流憩(qì)险衅(xìn)央浼(miǎn)数见不鲜(shù)D．参差(cān)下乘(chãnɡ)精髓(suǐ)载欣载奔(zǎi)2.下列各项中，没有错别字的一项是（）A．喝彩孤癖促狭鬼锱铢毕较B．迤逦熟稔锣鼓暄天一就而至C．疏朗坍缩笑眯眯兴高采烈D．北海虽赊扶摇可接东榆已逝桑隅非晚⒊ 依次填入下面横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）①从前做诗文的人都倚靠《文料触机》《幼学琼林》之类的书籍，要找词藻典故，都到那里去乞灵。
美人都是“柳腰桃面”“王嫱西施”，才子都是“学富五车，才高八斗”；谈风景必是“”，叙离情不离“”；做买卖都有“端木遗风”，到现在用铅字排印书籍还叫“付梓”“杀青”。
②（林冲）便去包裹里取些碎银子，把花枪了酒葫芦，将火炭了，取毡笠子戴上，拿了钥匙，出来，把草厅门上；出到大门首，把两扇草场门反拽上锁了；带了钥匙，信步投东。
A．柳岸灞桥春花秋月挂盖关B．春花秋月柳岸灞桥挑盖拽C．柳岸灞桥春花秋月挂灭拽D．春花秋月柳岸灞桥挑灭关⒋ 下面有关文学常识和文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是（）A. 《庄子》是春秋中期思想家庄周及他的门人以及后学者所著，包括内篇、外篇与杂篇，其《逍遥游》中有“朝菌不知晦朔，蟪蛄不知春秋”的句子，其中“晦”指每月初一，“朔”指月末最后一天。
湖南衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷
衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷英语时量:120分钟命题人：谢丽英审题人：王萍萍PART ONE: LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A (22.5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter(A、B or C) on the QUESTION BOOKLET. You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11.How late was the delivery?A. 3 hoursB. 4 hoursC. 5 hours2. What does the woman promise to do?A. Refund the man his money.B. Deliver on time next time.C. Offer the man a free delivery.Conversation 23.What does the woman do on weekends?A. She does some reading.B. She helps her father.C. She goes to the beach.4.When does the man sing and tell stories in the camp?A. In the morning.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening. Conversation 35.What is the woman’s temperature?A. 37.5℃B. 38℃C. 38.5℃6.What is the doctor’s suggestion?A. To stay in bed and have a good rest.B. To take some medicine and drink more water.C. To stay in hospital for a few days.Conversation 47.What did dinosaurs live on?A. Plants or meat.B. Other animals.C. Birds.8.How many kinds of early animals are mentioned in the conversation?A. 2.B. 3.C. 4.9.What do we know about early lizards?A. They were very ugly.B. They lived in the sea.C. They laid eggs. Conversation 510.Where is the woman going?A. To the classroom.B. To the library.C. To the bookstore.11.What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Learn reading skills from the native speakers.B. Talk with the native students out of class.C. Avoid looking up words in the dictionary too often.12.What is the woman trying to do?A. Adjust the situation there.B. Avoid attending class discussions.C. Learn more about reading skills.Conversation 613.What does the woman ask the man about?A. His school life.B. His development plan.C. The size of his class.14.How many hobby groups are mentioned in the conversation?A. 5B. 6C. 715.When does the man have sports training?A. Every Tuesday and Wednesday afternoon.B. Every Tuesday and Friday afternoon.C. Every Wednesday and Friday afternoon.Section BDirections:In this section, you’ll hear a mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS. You will hear the mini-talk TWICE.PART TWO: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE (45 points)SECTION A (15 points)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences are 4 choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.21. Iran’s first nuclear power plant started supplying electricity to the national grid onSaturday, ____ on stream after years of delays, Iran’s ISNA news agency reported.A. to comeB. comeC. having comeD. coming22. Across North China _____ in the world, namely the Great Wall.A. the longest wall runsB. runs the longest wallC. does run the longest wallD. does the longest wall run23. Look, ____ fashionable clothes is she wearing that all the eyes are fixed on her!A. soB. suchC. howD. what24. The split between humans and living apes is thought by some scholars ____ 15 to 20million years ago.A. to occurB. occurringC. to have occurredD. having occurred25. ____ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.A. There remainsB. It hasC. They haveD. It remains26. The traffic problem we are looking forward to seeing _____ should have attracted thelocal government’s attention.A. solvingB. solvedC. to solveD. solve27. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with_____ service for passengers.A. goodB. bestC. betterD. the best28. ---How was your trip abroad?---Great. The only pity is that I _____ to buy some gifts for my friends.A. forgotB. forgetC. would forgetD. was forgetting29. ____ the flight to Beijing will be delayed is ____ I’m especially worried about.A. If; whatB. Whether; thatC. When; thatD. Whether; what30. Many questions have been answered by John. He must have previewed the lessons lastnight, _____ he?A. needn’tB. hasn’tC. mustn’tD. didn’t31. —I’ll be able to come to see your performance at 8:30 tomorrow evening.—I’m sorry, by then my performance ___ and I ____ reporters in the meeting room.A. will be ended; will meetB. is to end; will meetC. will have ended; will be meetingD. will end; am going to meet32. Being physically examined for free twice a year is what every clerk _____ be ensured inany company of the state.A. mustB. ought toC. shallD. need33. I had just got up and was about to cook my breakfast _____ the telephone rang loudly,but it hung up _____ I could answer it.A. when; beforeB. while; beforeC. when; untilD. as; after34. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you ______ on if you don’t save it earlyenough.A. workB. are workingC. will workD. worked35. —We shall take the conditions into careful account ____ you have attached to thiscontract.— Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.A. asB. whatC. whereD. which SECTION B (18 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.I teach clay classes to children and adults. One cold afternoon a family came in to 36 a clay class together. It was a one-hour class that was meant to allow the family some fun at making their own artistic creations.Three children aged nine, seven and three sat in their seats 37 to begin their little artistic creations. The warm clay and various tools made their eyes full of 38. They were so excited to begin. Every word I said made them feel great in the clay class and so they began to create. The young artists enjoyed their 39 to touch, feel and express themselves until their parents 40 and controlled their every moment. They were told to do this, do that, use this, not that ... I 41 watched as the little blooms (花朵) of creations were taken from their small hands.The three-year-old rebelled (反抗) and was told she was 42. I wanted to ask how the parents would feel if they were enjoying themselves creating a piece of art and I took it from them and totally controlled the 43 of its creation. I asked the controlling father if he would like to have a cup of coffee and let the three-year-old just 44, explaining she would have fun and stop 45 him. He did and she continued focusing on her work with the most beautiful smile.In this hurried world, I 46 that some parents and teachers are not letting children 47 as they want. It is better to let children create works of art in their own way rather than tell them to do in ways that please us as adults.36. A. give B. teach C. enjoy D. conduct37. A. afraid B. ready C. unwilling D. careful38. A. confusion B. terror C. expectation D. anxiety39. A. habit B. determination C. responsibility D. freedom40. A. took over B. gave up C. went out D. calmed down41. A. hopefully B. curiously C. sorrowfully D. excitedly42. A. lazy B. brave C. proud D. naughty43. A. aim B. process C. time D. reason44. A. play B. cry C. sit D. watch45. A. asking B. annoying C. pleasing D. fighting46. A. find B. suggest C. agree D. doubt47. A. behave B. exercise C. study D. createSECTION C (12 points)Directions: Complete the following passage by using ONE word that best fits the context.In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India, the need for such protection was realized centuries ago. About 300 B.C,48 Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of game beasts was carefully supervised. Some animals were fully protected. 49 the forest, nobody was allowed to cut timber, burn wood for charcoal, 50 catch animals for their furs. Animals 51 became dangerous to human visitors were caught or killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.The need for wildlife protection is 52 now than ever before. About a thousand species of animals are 53 danger of dying out, and the rate at which 54 are being destroyed has increased. 55 we took no measures to protect wildlife, some day our children would see no living creatures except man himself.PART THREE READING COMPREHENSIONDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AA water bearer in India had two large pots．One of the pots had a crack in it, and while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full load of water at the end of the long walk from the stream to the master's house, the cracked pot arrived only half full．For two years this went on daily．The perfect pot was proud of its accomplishment．Of course，the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its own imperfection．After two years of this sense of bitter failure, it spoke one day to the water bearer by the stream．“I am ashamed of myself, and I want to apo logize to you．”“Why?” asked the bearer．“What are you ashamed of?”“I have been able for these last two years to deliver only half my load, because this crack in my side causes water to leak out all the way back．And you do not get full value for your effor ts” the pot explained．The water bearer, hearing this, said, “As we return to the master's house, I want you to notice the beautiful flowers along the path．”As they went up the hill, the cracked pot took notice of the sun warming the beautiful wild flowers on the side of the path, and this cheered it a little．The bearer said, “Did you notice that there were flowers only on your side of the path, but not on the other pot's side ?” That is because I have known about you, and I took advantage of it．I planted flower seeds on your side of the path, and every day while we walk back from the stream, you have watered them．For two years I have been able to pick those beautiful flowers to decorate my master's table．Without you being just the way you are, he would not have this beauty in his house．”56．What's the moral of the passage?A．No perfect man exists in this world．B．We should learn to be kind to ourselves．C．We sometimes don't have to mind too much the way we are．D．Once we have shortcomings, we should try to overcome them．57．Why did the cracked pot feel ashamed?A．Because it didn't hold water．B．Because the water bearer didn't like it．C．Because it didn't have a perfect appearance．D．Because it could only accomplish half of its load．58．What can we know from the passage?A．The water bearer felt sorry for the cracked pot．B．The cracked pot was more useful than the perfect one．C．The cracked pot watered the flowers along the path．D．The water bearer preferred the perfect pot to the cracked one．59．How would the cracked pot feel at the end of the story?A．Much happier with itself．B．Disappointed with itself．C．Prouder than the perfect pot．D．Still ashamed of itself．60．Which of the following proverbs can best go with this passage?A．Every dog has his day．B．Every man has his price．C．Every picture tells a story．D．Every cloud has a silver lining．BWhat I’ve noticed about some very successful business owners is that they are always learning and growing.For your business to be better you need to be better and, you don’t get better by doing nothing!You are the average of the five PEOPLE you hang around with most. Surround yourself with people whom you want to be like.To do this you may have to get right out of your comfort zone and join in a coaching program, go along to seminars(专题讨论会) where you can meet other like-minded people or those playing at a higher level of business than you.There’s no excuse not to get off your butt and learn your way to success. Regardless of where you are located，events are taking place all around the country regularly as well as online. Saying you have “no money” or “no time” is not a good enough excuse.For many business owners they spend their whole lives using these excuses and going nowhere. Don’t focus on where you are now, but where you want to be. You’ll find the money and the time if you seriously want to change.You ongoing learning can take you from struggling along to soaring high in all areas of your life.It’s been nearly six months since you made those New Year decisions to make changes in your business and your life.Are you getting the results you wanted?Is your business more profitable?Do you have more free time?Is the quality of your life improving?Is your answer “yes”, then take a look at why that is. What have you been doing to get these results? And if you’re not moving ahead, seriously look at why that is. When’s the last time you read a book, listened to a CD, got coached or attended a seminar to learn how to do things better?The people I know who are getting great results in their business and personal lives are always learning and growing.You are the Secret to Your Success, so do everything within your power to invest in yourself.61. All the following ways can contribute to your business EXCEPT ___________.A. getting in touch with successful peopleB. not dreaming of living a comfortable lifeC. avoiding finding unnecessary excusesD. deciding to change your present life62. The underlined phrase “get off your butt” in Paragraph 5 probably means _________.A. stop being lazy and start doing something usefulB. leave for a place where you want to goC. do something as you likeD. shoot an object63.According to the passage, the most important thing to success is __________.A. making a plan ahead of timeB. attending important meetings oftenC. making changes when necessaryD. keeping learning all the time64.Why does the writer write the word “people” in capital letters in Paragraph Three?A. People are supposed to set higher goals.B. It’s sometimes difficult to change a pe rson.C. Average people are easy to get along with.D. You don’t get better by doing something.65.What would be the best title for this passage?A. Failure is the Mother of SuccessB. Successful Business OwnersC. Learn Your Way to SuccessD. No More any ExcusesCStudies have shown that the fewer medicines a person has to take the more likely he or she will take them. Last week, a study was released about a new treatment that combines 5 medicines for heart disease in one pill. Salim Yusuf of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada was the lead investigator. He presented the findings at the American College of Cardiology Conference in Orlando, Florida.The experimental drug is known as Polycap. It contains aspirin, a drug to lower cholesterol (胆固醇)and three medicines to lower blood pressure. The study was carried out at 50 health centers across India. More than two thousand people between the ages of 45 and 80 took part in the study. All had at least one risk factor for heart disease. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes or being severely overweight.The people were divided into 9 groups of about 200 people each. One group took Polycap. The other groups took either a single drug or different combinations of the medicines in the Polycap pill. The study showed that Polycap lowered blood pressure and cholesterol without many side effects. Doctor Yusuf said the single pill, taken once a day, could reduce the average person's risk of heart disease and stroke by about half. The maker of Polycap, Cadila Pharmaceuticals of India, paid for the study.Cardiovascular diseases（心血管疾病）of the heart and blood vessels are the number one cause of death around the world. These diseases kill more than seventeen million people every year.80 percent of them are in low and middle income countries. Doctor Yusuf said the single pill treatment could revolutionize heart disease prevention. People would be more likely to take one pill a day than many pills. And one pill would cost less than several pills.Other heart doctors say heart disease prevention is important but not necessarily with pills. They say patients might be able to get the same results with changes in diet and exercise.Doctors say that more research on Polycap is needed. They say the drug should be tested on thousands more people, including those in different risk, age and ethnic groups.66. The underlined sentence in Paragragh 1 implies that people _______.A. don’t like to take medicinesB. tend to take fewer medicinesC. should take medicines if it is necessaryD. tend to fall sick if they take fewer medicines67. Which of the following about Doctor Yusuf’s experiment on Polycap in India is True?A. Polycap was tested for its five different combinations.B. Polycap was proved basically safe and effective.C. All the participatiors had at least one symptom of heart disease.D. Participators were required to come from different ages and ethnic groups.68. From the passage, we can infer that Polycap ________.A. is generally accepted by heart doctorsB. mainly consists of medicines to lower blood pressureC. is certain to play important role in heart disease preventionD. will be cheaper than other common medicines to treat heart disease69. According to the passage, the following people are more likely to get Cardiovasculardisease except ______.A. old peopleB. low-income peopleC. overweight peopleD. diabetic people70. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Different opinions about heart disease prevention.B. A combination pill may cut heart disease risk in half.C. A combination pill cures blood pressure and bad cholesterol.D. Cardiovascular diseases are the number one killer in the world.PART FOUR WRITING (45%)SECTION A (10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.An altimeter（测高计）is an instrument used in an airplane to tell the pilot how high he is flying.The altimeter used in most airplanes is a kind of barometer（气压计）, which, like barometers found in ordinary homes, is a measuring instrument for air pressure. The weight of the atmosphere presses downwards everywhere. At sea level this pressure is more than 14 pounds on every square inch of the surface. The higher you go into the air, the lower the air pressure is. An altimeter measures this air pressure to show the altitude of the airplane, or, how high it is above sea level.But the altimeter does not show how high the plane is above the ground. A plane might be flying at an altitude of 15,000 feet, but it would be only a thousand feet or so above the ground if the land in that area happened to be 14,000 feet above sea level.The pilot adjusts his altimeter to the actual sea-level pressure before setting out from the airport and then corrects it in flight according to new information given to him by radio. He flies high enough to be above any mountain he may pass on his course. The barometer altimeter is correct within about 300 feet.Another kind of altimeter, the radio altimeter, makes use of radio reflections. It calculates the height of the flying plane by sending out electrical signals to the surface below and measuring the time required for them to bounce back（反弹）. It is correct within 15 feet over water, but is not reliable over land. Big planes usually have both kinds of altimeter.Title: 71:__________SECTION B (10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Image that you are sitting in a park and suddenly remember that you need to send an urgent email. You have your laptop computer with you and you connect it to a wireless access point (WAP) and access the Internet. Then you send your email. Wireless Internet has tricked(慢慢进入) into our existence in so many ways that we don’t even realize what a necessary part it has become of our day-to-day lives.How do we connect to a wireless Internet service for laptop computers? There are two ways to do this. They are Wi-Fi connection and bluetooth connection. Wireless networking is very easy. You just switch on the Wi-Fi button that has been provided in the laptop for Wi-Fi browsing. Once that is done, the computer will make you connect to the Internet.An increasing fact about Wi-Fi networking is that you can create a network between similar wireless devices. This is especially easy in Wi-Fi compatible (兼容的) laptops. Consider a situation where you and your friend both have Wi-Fi laptops, and there is some data you want to exchange. But the beauty of Wi-Fi networking technology is that you can set up a network between you and your friend’s laptop, and shar e all the data you want.Broadband Internet connection is typically preferred by any user as it provides better speed for Internet browsing. Broadband wireless Internet for laptops is similar to Wi-Fi technology. Wherever you find a Wi-Fi hot spot, its backbone is always broadband Internet. Up until the invention of 3G mobile phones, Internet speed on mobile phone was very slow. 3G has the promise of changing the entire face of broadband technology. Just imagine browsing at speeds of more than 2MB per second. To give you a measure of the speed, 3G enables you to watch high quality live videos on the Internet.It is amazing to see how technology changes and the rate at which it changes. There may come a time when you may be able to browse using mobile wireless Internet for laptops anywhere in the world.81. What’s the author’s purpose by giving an example at the beginning of the passage? (Nomore than 5 words.)____________________________________________________________________. 82. If you want to share data with your friends through Wi-Fi networking, what should you do? ( No more than 6 words.)____________________________________________________________________. 83. What does the passage mainly talk about? ( No more than 5 words.)____________________________________________________________________.84. What is the greatest advantage of 3G mobile phones? ( No more than 5 words.)____________________________________________________________________. SECTION C (25%)Directions: Write an English letter according to the instructions given below in Chinese.下图描绘的是当今学生中存在的一种现象。
湖南省衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考(数学文)含答案
衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷数 学（文科）命题人: 罗欢 审题人:刘慧英一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，满分40分．1.幂函数)(x f y =的图像经过点1(,4)2，则1()3f 的值为 （ ）A.1B.4C.9D.16 2．若集合},0{2m A =，}2,1{=B ，则“1=m ”是“{0,1,2}A B =”的（ ）A ．充要条件B ．充分不必要条件C ．必要不充分条件D ．既不充分又不必要条件3．在ABC ∆中，若20AB BC AB ⋅+=，则ABC ∆是（ ）.A 锐角三角形 .B 直角三角形 .C 钝角三角形 .D 无法确定4．下列四个函数中，既是(0,)2π上的增函数，又是以π为周期的偶函数是（ ） A 、y =c os2x B 、y =|sin2x | C 、y =|c os x | D 、y =|sin x | 5．函数()2x f x e x =+-的零点所在的一个区间为（ ）.(0,1).(1,0).(2,1).(1,2)A B C D ---6. 函数y =x +cos x 的大致图象是 （ ）7)m 成立，则实数m 的取值范围是 ( )A ．122m <≤ B ．13m -≤≤ C ．112m -≤< D ．12m > 8．=)(x f ⎩⎨⎧>≤≤)1(log )10sin 2010x x x x （π若a,b,c 互不相等，且f(a)=f(b)=f(c),则a+b+c 的取值范围是（ ）A (1,2010)B (1,2011)C (2,2011)D [2,2011]二．填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题5分,共35分.把答案填在答题卡．．．对应题号后的横线上. 9．已知向量(3,1)a =，(1,3)b =，(,7)c k =，若()a c -∥b ，则k = 。
10．若cos(2)3πα-=，且(,0)2πα∈-,则sin()πα-= . 11.设实数0.21()5a =，15log 3b =，152c =，则,,a b c 三数由小到大排列是 ． 12．已知33,(,),sin().45παβπαβ∈+=-1312)4sin(=-πβ则cos()4πα+= 13．直线31y kx b y x ax =+=++与曲线相切于点（2，3），则b 的值为: .14. 在Rt ABC ∆中，090,C ∠=且A B C ∠∠∠、、所对的边分别为a b c 、、，若a b cx =+，则实数x 的取值范围是 。
湖南省衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考(数学理)含答案
衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷数 学（理科）命题人：肖中秋 审题人：周彦第Ⅰ卷一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的） 1、设复数21211,2,z z i z bi z =+=+若为实数，则实数b 等于 （ ）A ．-2B ．-1C ．1D ．22、对于函数()cos f x x x =+，下列命题中正确的是 （ ）A ．,()2x R f x ∀∈=B ．,()2x R f x ∃∈=C ．,()2x R f x ∀∈>D ．,()2x R f x ∃∈>3、下列命题正确的是 （ ）A ．函数sin y x =在区间()0,π内单调递增B ．函数tan y x =的图像是关于直线2x π=成轴对称的图形C ．函数44cos sin y x x =-的最小正周期为2πD ．函数cos 3y x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图像是关于点,06π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭成中心对称的图形4、已知0a >函数3()f x x ax =-在[1，)+∞是单调增函数，则a 的最大值是 ( )A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 35、设x x x f sin cos )(-=把)(x f y =的图象向左平移ϕ个单位后，恰好得到函数y =f '(x )的图象，则ϕ的值可以为 （ ）A.2πB. 43πC.πD. 23π6、已知向量,m n 的夹角为6π，且||3,||2m n ==，在△ABC 中，22m B n A =+，26m C n A =-，D 为BC 边的中点，则||AD = （ ） A ．2B ．4C ．6D ．87、设函数32sin ()tan 3f x x x θθ=++，其中θ∈⎣⎡⎦⎤0，5π12，则导数f ′(1)的取值范围是（ ）A ．[－2,2]B ．[2，3]C ．[3，2]D ．[2，2]8、已知,,A B C 是平面上不共线的三点，O 为平面ABC 内任一点，动点P 满足等式1[(1)(1)3OP OA OB λλ=-+- (12)](OC λλ++∈R 且0)λ≠，则P 的轨迹一定通过ABC ∆的（ ）A ．内心B ．垂心C ．重心D ．AB 边的中点二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共35分，把答案填在答卷的横线上） 9、已知集合错误！未找到引用源。
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衡阳市八中2012届高三第二次月考试卷语文一、语言文字运用（12分，每小题3分）1、下列词语中，字形和加点字的读音全都正确的一项是（）A. 溘．然（kè）信笺．（jiān）要言不繁锋芒必露B. 洿．池（wū）摈．弃（bǐng）皇天厚土义愤填膺．（yīng）C. 聒．噪（guō）荫．庇（yìn）舐犊情深虚与委蛇．（yí）D. 逡．巡（qūn）供．给（gòng）克尽职守草菅人命2、下列各句中，加点成语运用恰当的一项是（）A．笔者走访了我市部分灯具市场，发现节能灯市场鱼龙混杂．．．．，质量参差不齐，不同牌子、相同瓦数的节能灯，价格可以相差10倍。
B．虽然四川盆地没有受到日本核泄漏的影响已是路人皆知．．．．，但各地仍然出现了“抢盐潮”，这种现象启发我们思考如何更加理性地面对灾难。
C．王勃在滕王阁盛会上，当众挥笔而书，率尔成章．．．．，于是《滕王阁序》喷薄而出，“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”熠熠生辉。
D．王旭明做客杭州的行程排得很满，记者的采访只能见．缝插针．．．地安排在他从宾馆前往浙江人文大讲堂的路上。
3、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．为了消除富豪们的误解，盖茨和巴菲特将会尽快发来亲笔信，说明此次活动只为结交朋友、寻找伙伴，不会给中国富豪们带来捐献的压力。
B．医生建议易过敏的人在春季应少晒太阳，已经痊愈的日光性皮炎、季节性皮炎病人要注意尽量避免不晒太阳，不要使用香皂和碱性化妆品。
C．“神马都是浮云”“鸭梨”“围脖”“给力”等网络词语在2010年一夜窜红的主要原因是一部分网民在背后推波助澜所造成的。
D．在“十二五”第一年里，中国一直高度关注民生问题，努力改善居民的生活条件和质量，让民众共享改革发展的成果。
4、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（）一次去青海湖，湖面如无边无际的大海一样。
，，，，。
青藏高原上的纳木错湖，海拔高达4500米，堪称举在天上的湖。
，好像大地佩戴的一块翡翠坠子。
青藏高原上的湖泊美在何处？我觉得：美在清澈，美在水色。
①像晴朗的夜空②走近岸边③远望湖水湛蓝湛蓝④湖水是绿色的⑤湖水如蒸馏水一样清澈⑥卵石历历可数A．②④⑥⑤①③ B．③①②⑤⑥④ C．④⑥⑤①③② D．⑤③①④②⑥二、文言文阅读（23分，其中选择题9分，每小题3分；断句题4分；翻译题10分）阅读下面的文言文，完成5—9题。
穷鬼传戴名世①穷鬼者，不知所自起。
唐元和中，始依昌黎韩愈。
愈久与之居，不堪也。
为文②逐之，不去，反骂愈。
愈死，无所归。
流落人间，求人如韩愈者．从之，不得。
阅．九百余年，闻江淮之间有被褐先生，其人，韩愈流也，乃不介而谒先生于家。
曰：“我故韩愈氏客也，窃闻先生之高义，愿托于门下，敢有以报先生。
”先生避席却行大惊女来将奈何麾之去曰子往矣昔韩退之以子故不容于天下，召笑取侮，穷而无归，其《送穷文》可覆视也。
子往矣，无累我！无已，请从他人。
”穷鬼曰：“先生何弃我甚耶？假而他人可从，从之久矣。
凡吾所以．．从先生者，以不肯从他人故也。
先生何弃我甚耶！敢．请其罪。
”先生曰：“子以穷为名，其势固足以穷余也。
议论文章，开口触忌，则穷于言；上下坑坎，前颠后踬，俯仰跼蹐，左支右吾，则穷于行；蒙尘垢，被刺讥，忧众口，则穷于辩；所为而拂乱，所往而剌谬③，则穷于才；声势货利，不足以动众，磊落孤愤，不足以谐俗，则穷于交游。
抱其无用之书，负其不羁之．气，挟其空匮之身，入所厌薄之世，则在家而穷，在邦而穷。
凡女之足以穷吾者，吾不能悉数也，而举其大略焉。
”穷鬼曰：“先生以是为余罪乎？是则然矣。
然余之罪，顾有可矜．者，而其功亦有不可没也。
吾之所在，而万态皆避之，此先生之所以弃余也。
然是区区者，何足以轻重先生？而吾能使先生歌，使先生泣；使先生激，使先生愤；使先生独往独来而游于无穷。
凡先生之所云云，固吾之所以效于先生者也，其何伤乎？且韩愈氏迄今不朽者，则余为之也。
以故愈亦始疑而终安之。
自吾游行天下久矣，无可属者，数千年而．得韩愈，又千余年而得先生。
以先生之道而向往者，曾无一人，独余慕而从焉．。
则余之与先生，岂不厚哉！”于是，先生与之处，凡数十年，穷甚不能堪，然颇得其功。
一日，谓先生曰：“自余之先生也，而先生不容于天下，召笑取侮，穷而无归，徒以余故也，余亦悯焉。
顾吾之所以效于先生者，皆以为功于先生也，今已毕致之矣。
先生无所用余，余亦无敢久溷先生也。
”则起，趋而去，不知所终。
【注】①戴名世：清初桐城人，字田有，一字褐夫，文中被褐先生即指自己。
②为文：指韩愈《送穷文》寓庄于谐，文中韩愈认为被智穷、学穷、文穷、命穷、交穷五鬼缠身。
③剌谬：违背常情、事理。
5、对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是（）A．阅．九百余年阅：经历 B．敢．请其罪敢：表示冒昧请求的意思C．然余之罪，顾有可矜．者矜：自夸 D．无可属．者属：嘱托6、下列各组中，加点虚词的意义和用法相同的一组是（）A．凡吾所以．．传道授业解惑也．．从先生者师者，所以B．数千年而．得韩愈信也，吾兄之盛德而．夭其嗣乎C．抱其无用之书，负其不羁之．气臣之．壮也，犹不如人；今老矣，无能为也矣D．求人如韩愈者．从之，不得客有吹洞箫者．，倚歌而和之7、下列对原文的分析和概括，不正确的一项是（）A．这是一篇寓言式散文，文章借助穷鬼与被褐先生的对话，抒写了作者的不平之意和愤世之情。
B．穷鬼虽穷，却不肯苟且附人，附于被褐先生，是因为九百余年才找到一个像韩愈这样的人。
C．被褐先生之所以要赶走穷鬼，是因为人一旦沾上穷鬼，就会穷于言、穷于行、穷于辩、穷于才、穷于交游，时时困窘，事事困窘，于世不容。
D．穷鬼与被褐先生相处几十年，使得先生“召笑取侮，穷而无归”，不能容于天下，终无所用，因而穷鬼不敢久留，匆匆离去。
8、给文中加波浪线句断句。
（4分）先生避席却行大惊女来将奈何麾之去曰子往矣昔韩退之以子故不容于天下9、把文中画线的句子译成现代汉语。
（10分）（1）先生何弃我甚耶？假而他人可从，从之久矣。
（3分）（2）凡女之足以穷吾者，吾不能悉数也，而举其大略焉。
（4分）（3）于是，先生与之处，凡数十年，穷甚不能堪，然颇得其功。
（3分）三、古代诗歌鉴赏和古诗文默写（12分）10、阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。
（7分）眼儿媚阮阅楼上黄昏杏花寒，斜月小栏杆。
一双燕子，两行征雁，画角声残。
绮窗人在东风里，无语对春闲。
也应似旧，盈盈秋水，淡淡春山。
（1）、作者写“燕子”“一双”，“征雁”“两行”，有何寓意？（3分）（2）、“也应似旧，盈盈秋水，淡淡春山”这一句意境开阔，别具情味，古人曾评价说：“心已驰神到彼，诗从对面飞来”，请依此谈谈你的理解。
（4分）11、古诗文默写。
（5分，每空1分）（1）青泥何盘盘，百步九折萦岩峦。
，以手抚膺坐长叹。
《蜀道难》（2）玉露凋伤枫树林，。
江间波浪兼天涌，塞上风云接地阴。
《秋兴八首（其一）》（3），凝绝不通声暂歇。
，此时无声胜有声。
《琵琶行》（4），而不知其所止；飘飘乎如遗世独立，羽化而登仙。
《赤壁赋》四、现代文（论述类，实用类）阅读（12分。
其中，选择题6分，每小题3分；简答题6分）①不同的文化人格，在社会上被接受的程度很不一样。
②正是这种不一样，决定了一个民族、一个社会的素质。
③一般说来，在我们中国，最容易接受的，是慷慨英雄型的文化人格。
④这种文化人格，以金戈铁马为背景，以政治名义为号召，以万民观瞻为前提，以惊险故事为外形，总是特别具有可讲述性和可鼓动性。
正因为这样，这种文化人格又最容易被民众的口味所改造，而民众的口味又总是偏向于夸张化和漫画化的。
例如我们最熟悉的三国人物，刘、关、张的人格大抵被夸张了其中的道义色彩而接近于圣，曹操的人格大抵被夸张了其中的邪恶成分而接近于魔，诸葛亮的人格大抵被夸张了其间的智谋成分而接近于妖。
⑤中国民众最感到陌生的，是游戏反叛型的文化人格。
⑥魏晋名士对于三国群雄，是一种反叛性的脱离。
这种脱离，并不是敌对。
敌对看似势不两立，其实大多发生在同一个“语法系统”之内，就像同一盘棋中的黑白两方。
魏晋名士则完全离开了棋盘，他们虽然离三国故事的时间很近，但对那里的血火情仇已经毫无兴趣。
开始，他们是迫于当时司马氏残酷的专制极权采取“佯谬”的方式来自保，但是这种“佯谬”一旦开始就进入了自己的逻辑。
不再去问社会功利，不再去问世俗目光，不再去问礼教规范，不再去问文坛褒贬。
如此几度不问，等于是几度隔离，他们在宁静和孤独中发现了独立精神活动的快感。
⑦我发觉即使是今天的文化学术界，对于魏晋名士的评价也往往包含着很大的误解。
例如，肯定他们的，大多着眼于他们“对严酷社会环境的侧面反抗”。
其实，他们注重的是精神主体，对社会环境真的不太在意，更不会用权谋思维来选择正面反抗还是侧面反抗。
否定他们的，总是说他们“清谈误国”。
其实，精神文化领域的最高标准永远不应该是实用主义，这些文人的谈论虽然无助于具体社会问题的解决，却把中国文化的形而上部位打通了，就像打通了仙窟云路。
一种大文化，不能永远匍匐在“立竿见影”的泥土上。
⑧以魏晋名士为代表的游戏反叛型文化人格，直到今天还常常能够见到现代化身。
每当文化观念严重滞后的历史时刻，一些人出现了，他们绝不和种种陈旧观念辩论，也不把自己打扮成受害者或反抗者的形象，而只是在社会一角专注地做着自己的事，唱着奇奇怪怪的歌，写着奇奇怪怪的诗，穿着奇奇怪怪的服装，说着奇奇怪怪的话。
他们既不正统，也不流行。
当流行的风潮撷取他们的局部创造而风靡世间的时候，他们又走向了孤独的小路。
随着年岁的增长，家庭的建立，他们迟早会告别这种生态，但他们一定不会后悔，因为正是那些奇奇怪怪的岁月，使他们成了文化转型的里程碑。
⑨当然这里也会滋生某种虚假。
一些既没有反叛精神又没有游戏意识的平庸文人常常会用一些故作艰深的空谈，来冒充魏晋名士的后裔，或换称现代主义的精英，而且队伍正日见扩大。
要识破这些人并不难，因为什么都可以伪造，却很难伪造人格。
魏晋名士再奇特，他们的文化人格还是强大而响亮的。
(选自《新华文摘（精华本》)12、对“慷慨英雄型的文化人格”的理解不正确的一项是（）A. “慷慨英雄型的文化人格”总是出现在金戈铁马的背景之下以及惊险的故事之中，受到万民的景仰，极具可讲述性和可鼓动性。
B. 这种文化人格最容易被民众的口味改造。
三国人物，刘、关、张的接近于圣的人格，大抵就是民间口味“夸张化”的结果。
C. 一般说来，在我们中国，最容易接受的，是“慷慨英雄型的文化人格”，这种接受的程度决定了一个民族、一个社会的素质。
D. 中国民众对“游戏反叛型的文化人格”最感陌生。
相形之下，“慷慨英雄型的文化人格”有更好的群众基础，更具文化价值。
13、下列说法正确的一项是（）A. 中国民众对“游戏反叛型的文化人格”感到陌生，这种文化人格最终将被“慷慨英雄型的文化人格”完全取代。