unit 6The telephone(精读第二版) 答案
现代大学英语精读6第二版教师用书unit
Unit 3What Is News?Neil Postman and Steve PowersStructure of the TextPart I (Para. 1)In this beginning paragraph, the authors state the purpose of the essay.Part II (Para. 2)Some people might define the news as what television directors and journalists say it is. The authors, however, think that this definition is too simplistic.Part III (Paras. 3–5)In these paragraphs, the authors explain why the news cannot be simply defined as“what happened that day” or“what happened that day that was important and interesting ”.Part IV (Paras. 6–11)In these paragraphs,the authors tell readers that the news is more often made rather than gathered, and it is made on the basis of what the journalist thinks importantor what the journalist thinks the audience thinks is important. Therefore, everynews story is a reflection of the reporter who tells the story.Part V (Paras. 12–15)In these paragraphs,the authors point out that to m ake sense of the news, the viewer has to know somet hing about the journalist’s political beliefs as well as hisprejudices, interests, and quirks which are, in turn, influenced by his financialstatus, the companies he has worked for, the schools he went to, the books he hasread, etc.Part VI (Paras. 16–17)In these paragraphs,the authors point out that the journalist cannot always impose his/her views on the general public because the television channel or newspapercannot survive unless the news they provide satisfies the needs of the general public. On the other hand,the viewer/reader must also take into account his or her relationship to a larger audience because television and newspapers are mass media and their news is not intended for an audience of one.Part VII (Paras. 18–20)In these paragraphs, the authors discuss some other possible definitions of news:news as something to give people pleasure;news as something instructive that revealsthe mores,values, and ideals of a society; news as living history; news as a sourceof literature;news as a reflection of human pain, suffering,tragedies and confusion; news as something to inspire people and make them optimistic; news as something to frighten people and make them aware of the seamy side of the reality; last but notleast, news as a filler between commercials.Part VIII (Para. 21)In this paragraph, the authors conclude the essay by reiterating their purpose inraising the issue“What is news?”It is to arouse our interest and help usunderstand the problems, limitations,traditions,motivations,and even the delusions of the television news industry.Detailed Study of the Text1. We turn to this question because unless a television viewer has considered it, he or she is in danger of too easily accepting someone else’s definition—for example, a definition supplied by the news director of a television station; oreven worse, a definition imposed by important advertisers.(Para. 1)news director:( 台 ) 新目人advertisers:In many countries in the West, television stations largely depend onselling air time to advertisers for their revenue. Therefore, important advertisers can often impose their views and interests on the news supplied by televisionstations.viewer ： Someone who is watching a movie, a television program, or an exhibitionCompare:audience: a group of people who watch, read, or listen to somethingspectator: a person who watches an event, show, game, or activity2. A simplistic definition of news can be drawn by paraphrasing Justice OliverWendell Holmes ’ famous definiti on of the law. The law, Holmes said, is what thecourts say it is⋯ we might say that the news is what television directors andjournalists say it is.(Para. 2)Americans generally accept Holmes’ famous definition of the law because they agree that laws must allow for the new interpretations necessary to meet the challengesof a changing nation and a changing world. But to propose a definition of the newsby para phrasing Holmes ’ definition of the law probably commits the logical errorof false analogy.For example, it would not make much sense if we were to say politicsis what politicians say it is, or education is what teachers say it is.simplistic: disapproving too simple; not complete or sufficiently thoroughNothing more. Nothing less. :As simple as that; no more, no less.in similar fashion:in the similar way; likewise; by the similar token3. But if we were to take that a pproach, on what basis would we say that we haven’tbeen told enough? Or that a story that should have been covered wasn’t? Or th at too many stories of a certain type were included?Or that a reporter gave a flagrantly biased account? (Para. 2)The fact that people are often unsatisfied with news reporting implies that people have different ideas about what news should be.flagrantly biased:obviously and unquestionably biased4. In modifying their answer, most will add that the news is“important and interesting things that happened that day.” This helps a little but leaves openthe question of what is “important and interesting” and how that is decided.(Para. 3)It is all right to say that news consists of the important things that happened that day. But important to whom? In what sense? For what reason?but leaves open the question:but does not give an answer to the question5.Of course, some people will say that the question of what is important andinteresting is not in the least problematic. What the President says or does isimportant;wars are important,rebellions,employment figures,elections, appointments to the Supreme Court. (Para. 4)This is an interesting example of hasty generalization.It is true that what important people say or do is often important, but we can’t jump to the conclusion that everything they say or do is always important. On the other hand, sometimeseven what happens to someone completely unknown can escalate to a serious crisis.People call that“the Butterfly Effect. ”problematic:causing a problem; questionable; uncertain6.Now, there is a great deal to be said for Saran Wrap. (Para. 4)Now, it ’s true that Saran Wrap is very useful.7. Saran Wrap is not news. The color of Liz Taylor’s wrap is. Or so some people believe. (Para. 4)Note that the authors are making a word play on the word “wrap, ” which has different meanings.8.We shall never learn about these people either,however instructive or interesting their stories may have been.(Para. 5)We will never hear anything about these people either, no matter how instructiveor interesting their stories may have been.instructive: providing knowledge or information; educational9.Of course,there are some events — the assassination of a president,an earthquake,etc. — that have near universal interest and consequences.But most news does not inhere in the event.(Para. 6)to inhere in sth.:formal to be a natural part of sth.; to be inherent in sth.10. In fact, the news is more often made rather than gathered.(Para. 6)In fact, often the news is not something out there for you to pick up; you have todecide what information is newsworthy and make it into news.11．Is a story about a killing in Northern Ireland more important than one about a killing in Morocco?(Para. 6)For Americans of Irish background, the answer will most likely be yes. It is saidthat the relative importance of an event is often determined by the relative distance of its occurrence to the person involved.12．⋯ every news story is a reflection of the reporter who tells the story. Thereporter ’s previous assumptions about what is“out there” edit what he or shethinks is there. (Para. 6)If news stories were just facts,and facts speak for themselves,then all news stories, though written by different people,would be the same. But news stories are actually all different because every news story is a reflection of the reporter who tellsthe story, and every reporter has previous assumptions (beliefs, points of view,and biases) which affect what he/she thinks is there.to edit:to decide what will be included or left out, as editors do in preparing,printing, broadcasting, etc.13． The answers to all of these questions,as well as to other questions about the event,depend entirely on the point of view of the journalist.You might think this is an exaggeration,that reporters,irrespective of their assumptions,can at least get the facts straight. (Para. 7)irrespective of:regardless of; without thinking about or consideringAll government officials,irrespective of their rank,must disclose their property. We pursue the diplomatic policy of the five principles of peaceful coexistence inour relationship with all countries irrespective of their size or political system.to get the facts straight:to find out what the facts are without making mistakesnow-defunct:now-dead; now no longer existing or functioningto feature a story:to give a story a prominent place in a newspaper or televisionnews show14．⋯ who thus earn their 35 rubles a month in lieu of“relief”⋯(Para. 8) Instead of receiving government relief, they are given jobs by the government sothat they can earn their money. (是以工代的政策)in lieu of:instead of(government) relief： money that is given to poor people by the government (政府 )救15．⋯ it was the policy of the Journal to highlight the contrast between theprimitive Russian economy and the sophisticated American economy.(Para. 11)the Journal : This refers to the newspaper The Wall Street Journal ,mentioned above. to highlight:to make people notice or be aware of somethingsophisticated: (the opposite of primitive) highly developed and complex高的，复的16． Each of our senses is a remarkably astute censor.We see what we expect to see; often, we focus on what we are paid to see. And those who pay us to see usuallyexpect us to accept their notions not only of what is important but of what areimportant details. (Para. 11)We have five sense organs, and they are all extremely sharp censors.censor: a person who examines books, movies, newspapers, etc. and removes thingsconsidered by the authorities to be offensive,immoral,or harmful to society(Note the personification of the word) .We do not see or hear everything. We only see or hear what we expect to see or hearbecause we have been trained that way. We have been paid by our bosses to see orhear what they expect us to see or hear. We have been made to accept our bosses’notion of what is interesting and important.17．“We’d have complete dossiers on the interests,policies,and idiosyncrasiesof the owners. Then we ’d have a dossier on every journalist in the world. Theinterests,prejudices,and quirks of the owner would equal Z. The prejudices,quirks, and private interests of the journalist Y. Z times Y would give you X,the probable amount of truth in the story.” (Para. 12)Here the French writer Albert Camus, quoted by A. J.Liebling,is using a mathematic formula to express the relationship between the interests, prejudices and quirksof a newspaper owner,and those of the journalists,and the probable amount of truth in a news story.Z x Y = XHere, Z = the interests, prejudices, and quirks of the ownerY = the interests, prejudices, and quirks of the journalistsX = the truth probability of the newsDossiers(on): files (of); records (of)18． The host might say something like this:“To begin with,this station is owned by Gary Farnsworth, who is also the president of Bontel Limited, the principalstockholder of which is the Sultan of Bahrain. Bontel Limited owns three Japaneseelectronic companies, two oil companies, the entire country of Upper Volta, andthe western part of Romania.⋯” (P ara. 13)The implied suggestion is that this television station is quite likely to be biased in its news reporting,reflecting the interests of those who control its finances.19．“ The anchorman on the television show earns $800,000 a year; his portfolioi ncludes holdings in a major computer firm.He has a bachelor ’s degree in journalismfrom the University of Arkansas but was a C+ student, has never taken a course inpolitical science, and speaks no language other than English. Last year, he readonly two books —a biography of Cary Grant and a book of popular psychology calledWhy Am I So Wonderful?⋯ (Para. 13)The implication here is that the opinions of the anchorman on a television show are strongly influenced by his financial status, his source of income, the educationhe has received, and the books he has read.anchorman(anchorwoman):(chiefly in the US) a man or woman who presents and coordinates a television news program (和广播台 ) 新目主持人Compare:broadcaster:播音host ：（游，目）主持人portfolio： a range of investments held by a person or organization所有投；投合holdings ： financial assets; land, property, or shares in a company有的20.“The reporter who covered the story on Yugoslavia speaks Serbo -Croatian, hasa degree in international relations, and has had a Neiman Fellowship at HarvardUniversity.”(Para. 13)A reporter who speaks the language, has a degree in a related field, and has doneresearch on journalism at a distinguished university can naturally be expected tobe more competent to cover the story on Yugoslavia than one without these qualifications.21. What we are saying is that to answer the question“What is news? ” a viewermust know something about the political beliefs and economic situation of thosewho provide the news.(Para. 15)The point we are trying to make is that a viewer must know something about thepolitical beliefs and economic situation of those who supply the news if he/she wants to answer the question“What is news? ”Note here that the news reporter’s economic situation r efers to his/her financial status as well as the way his/her living is made, because a person ’s vested interest (his/her personal stake in an undertaking,especially with an expectation of financial or other gain) often affects his/her point of view.22. There is, in fact, a point of view that argues against journalists imposingtheir own sense of significance on an audience.⋯ What’s our point? A viewer must not only know what he or she thinks is significant but others believe is significantas well .(Para. 16)to keep their own opinions to themselves:To keep their own opinions secret; notto announce their own opinionsto advise them of what is important:to instruct them in what is important;to teach them what is importantNote that with the verb“advise ”,the preposition“of ” is used,and “to advisesomebody of something ” is not to be confused with“to advise somebody to do something ”.Liz Taylor ’s adventures in marriage:This refers to the actress’s unusually numerous marriages, which were a favorite subject of social gossip at the time.A viewer must not only know what he or she thinks is significant but others believeis significant as well: This may be clearer if we repeat the word“what” after“but ”.23.Television is a mass medium, which means that a television news show is notintended for you alone. It is public communication, and the viewer needs to havesome knowledge and opinions about“the public.”(Para. 17)In defining news it is important for us to remember that a mass medium is not forany single individual alone. It is for the general public, and in a pluralisticsociety, people ’s interests and needs differ. Therefore, viewers must take thisfact into consideration and respect the right of other people to be different.24.And this lea ds to another difficulty in answering the question“What is news?”Somemight agree with us that Liz Taylor ’s adventures in marriage do not constitute significant events but that they ought to be included in a news show precisely for that reason. Her experiences, they may say, are amusing or diverting, certainlyengrossing.In other words,the purpose of news should be to give people pleasure, at least to the extent that it takes their minds off their own troubles.⋯ (Para. 18)This is looking at news from a different perspective.It says that many people read the news not for being educated or enlightened,but simply for entertainment.This may not be the most important purpose of the mass media, but we can’t say it is illegitimate.The question“What is news?”is now becoming increasingly complicated.they want relief,not aggravation:People want the news to give them some relief– meaning here the removal of something painful or unpleasant rather than its opposite,aggravation,which makes the painful or unpleasant situation even worse. to take their minds off their own troubles:to make them forget their own troubles25.It is also said that whether entertaining or not, stories about the lives ofcelebrities should be included because they are instructive; they reveal a greatdeal about our society—its mores, values, ideals. (Para. 18)Even if stories about the lives of celebrities do not amuse or divert us, we stillneed to read them because these stories tell us a lot about the society we live in.26. Mark Twain once remarked that news is history in its first 18)People now more or less agree that today ’s news is tomorrow’s history was yesterday’s news. So news can be defined as history and best form. (Para.history,and today ’sto this extent.27.The American poet Ezra Pound⋯ defined literature as news that stays news. Among other things, Pound meant that the stuff of literature originates not in storiesabout the World Bank or an armistice agreement but in those simple,repeatable tales that reflect the pain,confusion,or exaltations that are constant in human experience, and touch us at the deepest levels.(Para. 18)Ezra Pound relates news to literature.Such things as the World Bank and an armistice agreement,regarded as important today,will sooner or later become history,things of the past.However,we remember and retell stories about people ’s pain,confusion,or exaltations because they are part of human experience and touch our emotions.This kind of news is the source of literature.28.What are we to make of it?Why him? It is like some Old Testament parable;these questions were raised five thousand years ago and we still raise them today. Itis the kind of story that stays news, and that is why it must be given prominence.(Para. 18)to make of it:to understand itto be given prominence:to be treated as important; to be stressed29. What about ⋯ the fires, rapes, and murders that are daily featured on localtelevision news? Whohas decided that they are important,and why? One cynical answer is that they are there because viewers take comfort in the realization that theyhave escaped disaster. At least for that day.(Para. 19)⋯ viewers take comfort in the realization that⋯:viewers feel relieved or less worried because they know that these terrible things have not happened to them.30.⋯ It is the task of the news story to provide a daily accounting of the progress of society.⋯ These reports,especially those of a concrete nature,are the daily facts from which the audience is expected to draw appropriate conclusions aboutthe question “What kind of society am I a member of?”(Para. 19)Another task of the news story is to give a daily accounting of the progress of society so that viewers will understand their society better.31.⋯ heavy television viewers ⋯ believe their communities are much more dangerous than do light television viewers.Television news,in other words,tends to frighten people. (Para. 19)This paragraph suggests that television news tends to frighten rather than toenlighten people.Heavy television viewers believe their communities are much more dangerous than light viewers do. This leads to the q uestion that whether news stories should concentrate on the brighter side of social reality.heavy (light) television viewers:people who watch many (only a few) hours oftelevision programs in a day.32.The question is, “Ought they to be frightened? news an accurate portrayal of where we are as a society? ” which is to ask,“Is the ” Which leads to anotherquestion,“Is it possible for daily news to give such a picture?” Many journalists believe it is possible.Some are skeptical.The early twentieth-century journalist Lincoln Steffens proved that he could create a“crime wave” any time he wantedby simply writing about all the crimes that normally occur in a large city duringthe course of a month. He could also end the crime wave by not writing about them.If crime waves can be“manufactured” by journalists, then how accurate are newsshows in depicting the condition of a society? (Para. 19)Is it true that journalists can create events and make them disappear? If it weretrue,wouldn’t that make it very easy to run a country?Moreover,if it were true, how could we ever trust news provided by the mass media? And wouldn’t that also mean that a country could get along just fine without reliable news?portrayal:depiction; description33.Besides,murders,rapes,and fires(even unemployment figures)are not the only way to assess the progress(or regress)of a society.Whyare there so few television stories about symphonies that have been composed,novels written,scientific problems solved, and a thousand other creative acts that occur during the courseof a month? Were television news to be filled with these events, we would not befrightened. We would, in fact, be inspired, optimistic, cheerful.(Para. 19)This paragraph raises a very interesting question:Whyare many events that actually have great impact on human life not given any prominence- new philosophical theories and academic achievements for example? Possible answers are given in the following paragraph.to assess the progress:to measure; to estimate; to evaluate; to appraiseregress:moving back to an earlier, less developed and usually worse state orconditio n. It is usually used as a verb. The noun form is“regression”. Compare:digress v.digression n.moving away from the main subject under discussion in speaking and writing34.One answer is as follows.These events make poor television news because there is so little to show about them. In the judgment of most editors, people watchtelevision.And what they are interested in watching are exciting,intriguing,even exotic pictures.Suppose a scientist has developed a new theory about how to measure with more exactitude the speed with which heavenly objects are moving away fromthe earth.It is difficult to televise a theory,especially if it involved complex mathematics.(Para. 20)This paragraph tries to answer the question raised above.According to the authors, one answer may be that television as a means of communication has its limitations.It is good at showing exciting,intriguing,and exotic pictures and events,but not at dealing with ideas, theories, and other abstract things. In other words, it isa visual medium; it is less effective at engaging viewers’ minds. The second,implied answer is that people watch television mainly to be entertained.They have no time or patience for profound stly,most editors and news directors are incapable of immediately realizing the significance of scientific andtheoretical discoveries. The conclusion seems to be: The news media are extremelyimportant, but they are incapable of answering all our needs where news is concerned.35.Television sells time, and time cannot be expanded. This means that whateverelse is neglected, commercials cannot b, which leads to another possible answerto the question“What is news? ” News,⋯ in its worst form,⋯ can also be mainlya “filler,” a“come- on” to keep the viewer’s attention until the commercialscome. Certain producers have learned that by pandering to the audience, by eschewing solid news and replacing it with leering sensationalism,they can subvert the news by presenting a “television commercial show” that is interrupted by news. (Para.20)In the United States,television stations are privately owned. These privately owned stations sell air time to business companies to promote their products.Therefore, presenting the news show is not the television statio n’s main purpose:“news”serves merely as“filler” to keep the viewer’s attention until the commercialsappear, not vice versa. And there is nothing more effective for this purpose thanleering sensationalism. This may be an extreme case, but there is certainly sometruth in it.36. The purpose of this chapter is to arouse your interest in thinking about thequestion.Your answers are to be found by knowing what you feel is significant and how your sense of the significant conforms with or departs from that of others,including broadcasters,their bosses,and their audiences. Answers are to be found in your ideas about the purpose of public communication, and in your judgment ofthe kind of society you live in and wish to live in. We cannot provide answers tothese questions.But you also need to know something about the problems,limitations, traditions,motivations,and,yes,even the delusions of the television news industry.(Para. 21)This paragraph concludes the purpose of the essay.The authors do not intend to give us the answer to the question:“What is news?”, because they can’t. The problemis complicated, and each of us has to find his/her own answer. The purpose of theessay is to arouse our interest in answering the question by ourselves, and alsoto inform us of the important factors we must take into consideration to understand the nature of news.Key to ExercisesI1. a set sequence in a theatrical or comic performance保存目（喜歌舞等）2.to correct, condense, or modify material when preparing it for publication orpresentation3. in Paragraph 8, financial or practical assistance given to those in need(in Paragraph 18, the removal of something painful or unpleasant救减痛苦 )4. a man or woman who presents and coordinates a television program（新）男目主持人5.financial assets; land, property, or shares in a company有的土地或股票6.the extent to which something is probable几率7.to consider8.to watch a television show or listen to radio broadcast9.time during which a television show or radio broadcast is being transmitted播放used to fill time on a radio 10. a news item, public-service announcement, or music,or television program11.something intended to allure or attract12.to undermine the power and authority of a system or institutionV1How one defines “the news ” depen ds on what he/she considers interesting and important.2Now it ’s true that Saran Wrap is very useful in many ways, and we guess that in the end facts will show that it is more useful for the happiness of most of us⋯(But ⋯)3But most news is not an essential part of an event. It becomes news only because, in the midst of the noise and disorder of everything happening around us, ajournalist has selected it for our attention.4⋯ it was the policy of the newspaper to focus on the sharp difference between the backward Russian economy and the advanced American economy. Each of our fivesenses acts as a censor, screening information. It makes us see what we wantto see, hear what we want to hear, etc.; and we do so because that is what wehave been educated or are paid to do.5According to Camus, we would have complete records or files on the(newspaper) owners' interests, biases, and peculiar traits. Then we would have similarlycomplete files on every journalist in the world.Camus then proposes: Z ×Y= X,where:Z stands for the prejudices, eccentric habits and private interests of the owner.Y stands for the prejudices, eccentric habits and private interests ofthe journalist.X is the probable amount of truth in the story.6Certain producers of television programs have discovered that, by catering to the low tastes and desires of their audience, by avoiding real news anddeliberately replacing it with sensational stories,they can transform television news from programs interrupted by short commercials into one longcommercial interrupted by snippets of news.VIPhrases1.一种于化的定。
(完整版)(完整版)现代大学英语精读6(第二版)教师用书Unit1
Unit 1Paper TigersWesley YangAdditional Background Information(About Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother)What follows is a comment on Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Elizabeth Chang, an editor of The Washington Post's Sunday Magazine, which carried the article on January 8th, 2011.The cover of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother was catnip to this average parent's soul. Although the memoir seems to have been written to prove that Chinese parents are better at raising children than Western ones, the cover text claims that instead it portrays "a bitter clash of cultures, a fleeting taste of glory" and how the Tiger Mother “was humbled by a 13-year-old.”As a hopelessly Western mother married into a Chinese family living in an area that generates immigrant prodigies as reliably as clouds produce rain, I was eager to observe the comeuppance of a parent who thought she had all the answers.And, in many ways, "Tiger Mother" did not disappoint. At night, I would nudge my husband awake to read him some of its more revealing passages, such as when author Amy Chua threatened to burn her older daughter's stuffed animals if the child didn't improve her piano playing. "What Chinese parents understand," Chua writes, "is that nothing is fun until you're good at it." By day, I would tell my own two daughters about how Chua threw unimpressive birthday cards back at her young girls and ordered them to make better ones. For a mother whose half-Chinese children played outside while the kids of stricter immigrant neighbors could be heard laboring over the violin and piano, the book can be wickedly gratifying. Reading it is like secretly peering into the home of a controlling, obsessive yet compulsively honest mother—one who sometimes makes the rest of us look good, if less remarkable and with less impressive offspring. Does becoming super-accomplished make up for years of stress? That's something my daughters and I will never find out.Chua is a law professor and author of two acclaimed books on international affairs, though readers of "Tiger Mother" get only a glimpse of that part of her life, with airy, tossed off-lines such as "Meanwhile, I was still teaching my courses at Yale and finishing up my second book" while also "traveling continuously, giving lectures about democratization and ethnic conflict." Her third book abandons global concerns to focus intimately on Chua's attempt to raise her two daughters the way her immigrant parents raised her. There would be no play dates and no sleepovers: "I don't really have time for anything fun, because I'm Chinese," one of Chua's daughters told a friend. Instead, there would be a total commitment to academics and expertise at something, preferably an instrument. Though Chua's Jewish husband grew up with parents who encouraged him to imagine—and to express himself, he nonetheless agreed to let her take the lead in rearing the children and mostly serves as the Greek chorus to Chua's crazed actions.In Chinese parenting theory, hard work produces accomplishment, which produces confidence and yet more accomplishment. As Chua note s, this style of parenting is found among other immigrant cultures, too, and I'm sure many Washington-area readers have seen it, if they don't employ it themselves. Chua's older daughter, Sophia, a pianist, went along with, and blossomed, under this approach. The younger daughter, Lulu, whose instrument of Chua's choice was a violin, was a different story. The turning point came when, after years of practicing and performing, Lulu expressed her hatred of the violin, her mother and of being Chinese. Chua imagined a Western parent’s take on Lulu's rebellion: "Why torture yourself and your child? What's the point? (I)knew as a Chinese mother I could never give in to that way of thinking." But she nevertheless allowed Lulu to abandon the violin. Given that the worst Lulu ever did was cut her own hair and throw a glass, my reaction was that Chua got off easy in a society where some pressured children cut themselves, become anorexic, refuse to go to school or worse. No one but an obsessive Chinese mother would consider her healthy, engaging and accomplished daughter deficient because the girl prefers tennis to the violin—but that's exactly the point.And, oh, what Chua put herself and her daughters through before she got to her moment of reckoning. On weekends, they would spend hours getting to and from music lessons and then come home and practice for hours longer. At night, Chua would read up on violin technique and fret about the children in China who were practicing 10 hours a day. (Did this woman ever sleep?) She insisted that her daughters maintain top grades—Bs, she notes, inspire a "screaming, hair-tearing explosion" among Chinese parents and the application of countless practice tests. She once refused to let a child leave the piano bench to use the bathroom. She slapped one daughter who was practicing poorly. She threatened her children not just with stuffed-animal destruction, but with exposure to the elements. She made them practice on trips to dozens of destinations, including London, Rome, Bombay and the Greek island of Crete, where she kept Lulu going so long one day that the family missed seeing the palace at Knossos.Sometimes, you're not quite sure whether Chua is being serious or deadpan. For example, she says she tried to apply Chinese parenting to the family's two dogs before accepting that the only thing they were good at was expressing affection. "Although it is true that some dogs are on bomb squads or drug-sniffing teams," she concluded, "it is perfectly fine for most dogs not to have a profession, or even any special skills." On the one hand, she seems aware of her shortcomings: She is, she notes, "not good at enjoying life," and she acknowledges that the Chinese parenting approach is flawed because it doesn't tolerate the possibility of failure. On the other hand, she sniffs that "there are all kinds of psychological disorders in the West that don't exist in Asia." When not contemptuous, some of her wry observations about Western-style child-rearing are spot-on: "Private schools are constantly trying to make learning fun by having parents do all the work," and sleepovers are "a kind of punishment parents unknowingly inflict on their children through permissiveness."Readers will alternately gasp at and empathize with Chua's struggles and aspirations, all the while enjoying her writing, which, like her kid-rearing philosophy, is brisk, lively and no-holds-barred. This memoir raises intriguing, sometimes uncomfortable questions about love, pride, ambition, achievement and self-worth that will resonate among success-obsessed parents. Is it possible, for example, that Chinese parents have more confidence in their children's abilities, or that they aresimply willing to work harder at raising exceptional children than Westerners are? Unfortunately, the author leaves many questions unanswered as her book limps its way to a conclusion, with Chua acknowledging her uncertainty about how to finish it and the family still debating the pros and cons of her approach (anyone hoping for a total renunciation of the Chinese approach will be disappointed).Ending a parenting story when one child is only 15 seems premature; in fact, it might not be possible to really understand the impact of Chua's efforts until her daughters have offspring of their own. Perhaps a sequel, or a series ("Tiger Grandmother"!) is in the works. But while this battle might not have been convincingly concluded, it's engagingly and provocatively chronicled. Readers of all stripes will respond to "Tiger Mother."Structure of the TextPart I (Paras. 1-2)The author, an Asian living in the United States, introduces himself as a ‘banana’.Part II (Paras. 3-5)The author describes how he believes Asians are generally viewed in the United States and how he views Asian values himself. It is clear that his overall attitude toward his cultural roots is negative. Part III (Paras. 6-8)The author agrees that Asians (especially Chinese) are over-represented in American elite schools and that, percentage-wise, more Chinese earn median family incomes than any other ethnic group in the United States. However, he does not accept the idea that the Chinese are “taking over” top American schools. He particularly ridicules the idea that the United States has to worry about a more general Chinese “takeover”, as Amy Chua’s book seems to suggest.Part IV (Paras. 9-14)In these paragraphs, the author tells the story of a Chinese American whose experience as a graduate of one of the most competitive high schools in the U.S. proves that while Asian overrepresentation in elite schools is a fact, the success of Asian students is not an indication of their higher intelligence but rather of their constant practice of test-taking. The fear that U.S. schools might become “too Asian” (too test-oriented) in response, narrowing students’ educational experience, has aroused general concern.Part V (Paras. 15-22)The author points out that the ethnic imbalance in elite schools is not only resented by white students and educators, but that even Asian students are beginning to raise serious doubts. They are tired of the crushing workload and believe there must be a better way. They envy their white fellow students who finally get to the top - strong, healthy, with a high level of academic achievement, and with time even for a girlfriend or boyfriend. They cannot help but still feel alienated in this society.Part VI (Paras. 23-28)In these Paragraphs, the author tells the story of another Chinese student who describes the subtle influence of his Chinese upbringing, which makes it difficult for him to be culturally assimilated.Part VII (Paras. 29-36)In these Paragraphs, the author discusses the problem of the “bamboo ceiling”—the fact that in spite of high academic achievement, virtually no Asians are found in the upper reaches of leadership. The author believes that this is because Asian upbringing fails to provide children with the requisite skills for leadership.Part VIII (Paras. 37-43)Between Para. 36 and Para. 37 in the original essay, there are many more case studies reflecting vividly the negative effects of Asian culture. But in order to limit the essay to a manageable length, we (the compilers) were unable to include them. Therefore, in this section, the essay comes to a somewhat abrupt conclusion.Interestingly enough, the author feels that the Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother is well worth reading although he does not agree with Amy Chua, because, in his opinion, the book provides all the material needed to refute what ‘the Tiger Mother’ stands for. More importantly, the author thinks that Amy Chua should be praised for her courage to speak out and defy American mainstream views.Detailed Study of the Text1. Millions of Americans must feel estranged from their own faces. But every self-estrangedindividual is estranged in his own way. (Para. 1)Millions of Americans must feel alienated (separated) from the essence of themselves by their own faces.The author is referring here to ethnic minority people in the United States, especially Asians.Note that “face” here does not refer to skin color or facial features alone, but also to cultural di fferences. His point is that these attributes force him into the category of “immigrant”, though he doesn’t feel like one.2. You could say that I am a banana. But while I don't believe our roots necessarily defineus, I do believe there are racially inflected assumptions wired into our neural circuitry. (Para. 2)A banana is white inside and yellow outside. The term is often used ironically to refer to anAsian American who is like all other non-Asian Americans people except for the color of his skin.The author admits that people can call him a banana, but he does not like it, because he does not believe his Asian roots determine who he is. However, he has to admit that there are racially inflected assumptions wired into many Asian Ame ricans’ neural circuitry.racially inflected assumptions: racially based prejudices, beliefs and ideaswired into our neural circuitry: deeply planted in our brains (in our minds)3. Here is what I sometimes suspect my face signifies to other Americans: An invisibleperson, barely distinguishable from a mass of faces that resemble it. A conspicuous person standing apart from the crowd and yet devoid of any individuality. An icon of so much that the culture pretends to honor but that it in fact patronizes and exploits. Not just people “who are good at math” and play the violin, but a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots who simply do not matter, socially or culturally. (Para. 3) This is how I sometimes guess other Americans look at us. (This is what I sometimesthink my face means to other Americans.)An invisible person: a person much the same as others of the same group; a person who is hardly distinguishable; a person nobody will pay special attention todevoid of any individuality: without any individualityAsian culture is said to stress uniformity or conformity. The individual is encouraged to merge with the collective. Self-promotion or assertiveness is considered in bad taste whereas invisibility is regarded as a sign of modesty.icon：n. 偶像The successful Asian student has become a symbol to be worshipped.to patronize and exploit: to treat somebody in an offensively condescending manner and make use of him or herThe author says that American culture pretends to honor the ‘Tiger Child’ (the successful Asian) as an icon (a symbol of success and everything it represents), but actually it treats Asians in a condescending way and makes use of them.a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots: a large number of peoplewho are not allowed to act or express themselves freely, treated in a harsh and harmful way, and made to behave similarly, like robots.do not matter socially or culturally: do not have much social or cultural importance.4. I've always been of two minds about this sequence of stereotypes. (Para. 4)of two minds: (BrE: in two minds) not decided or certain about something.this sequence of stereotypes: this series of stereotypes. On the one hand the author is angry that Asians should be viewed this way, and he thinks it racist, but on the other hand, he has to admit that these views do apply to many Asians.It is ironic to note that the author himself seems to be especially influenced by these racist prejudices. One may also wonder whether the stereotyped views some people have when they first encounter people of other races necessarily have devastating effects. For example, Chinese thought of Westerners as a mass of blue-eyed, yellow-haired, big-nosed, hairy chested aliens at one time. Fear of the unknown or unfamiliar is a common human reaction.5. Let me summarize my feelings toward Asian values: Damn filial piety. Damn gradegrubbing. Damn Ivy League mania. Damn deference to authority. Damn humility and hard work. Damn harmonious relations. Damn sacrificing for the future. Damn earnest, striving middle-class servility. (Para. 5)Now the author is talking about much more serious things. He is talking about his feelings toward Asian values rather than features or skin color, and his attitude is one of total rejection and condemnation. While we must realize that all cultures or civilizations have drawbacks, and we have every reason to listen to the bitter reactions of angry young Asians toward our shared culture, we should also remind ourselves that y oung people’s judgments may be hasty, imbalanced, and immature.Damn: Note that this word is generally considered extremely offensive and obscene in all its usages, and is therefore avoided, but here the author is so bitter that no other expression seems adequate. Indeed, he may have deliberately chosen this word to shock the Asian community, especially Asian parents.filial piety: love for, respect for, and obedience to one’s parentsgrade grubbing: striving for high academic scoresivy league mania: craze, obsession regarding entry to ivy league universitiesdeference to authority: respect for and submission to authorityhumility and hard work: modesty, humbleness; diligenceearnest striving middle-class servility: Middle-class people usually “hope t o rise and fear to fall” (Bunyan) and therefore work slavishly and behave submissively.One may wonder whether what the author describes here is racially determined or mainly a reflection of social and economic conditions. Many of the values listed above are similar to those of the American Puritans when obedience, respect for the old, diligence, thrift, simple living, family loyalty, discipline, and sacrifice were considered essential virtues.6. I understand the reasons Asian parents have raised a generation of children thisway. …This is a stage in a triumphal narrative, and it is a narrative that is much shorter than many remember. (Para. 6)The author says that he understands why Asian parents have raised their children this way. It is natural for most Asian parents to try to improve their children’s lives through education.a stage in a triumphal narrative: A stage (the beginning stage) of a success story. Andmany Asians have achieved success in a much shorter time than people realize.7. Asian American success is typically taken to ratify the American Dream and to provethat minorities can make it in this country without handouts. (Para. 7)to be taken to: to be considered toto make it: to succeed8.Still, an undercurrent of racial panic always accompanies the consideration of Asians,and all the more so as China becomes the destination for our industrial base and the banker controlling our burgeoning debt. （Para. 7）But there always exists a feeling of racial panic, though it may not be obvious, whenever people think of Asians. This undercurrent is now becoming stronger as more American industrial companies move their manufacturing base to China, and China has become the banker controlling our growing national debt.9. But if the armies of Chinese factory workers who make our fast fashion and iPadsterrify us, and if the collective mass of high-achieving Asian American students arouse an anxiety about the laxity of American parenting, what of the Asian American who obeyed everything his parents told him? Does this person really scare anyone? (Para. 7)The author is pointing out the contradiction here: If…, then what about…? It is clear that he doubts if there is any reason for Americans to be afraid of the Asian American who obeys everything his parents tell him. Children brought up in this submissive culture cannot pose any threat.fast fashion: This is a contemporary term used to refer to products designed and brought to market quickly in order to capture ever-changing fashion trends.10.Earlier this year, the publication of Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother inciteda collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria. But absent from themillions of words written in response to the book was any serious consideration ofwhether Asian Americans were in fact taking over this country. (Para. 8)to incite a collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria: To provoke many people into stating openly various kinds of strong racist opinionsb ut absent from the millions of words…was any serious consideration…: But there wasno serious consideration in all these millions of words…11.I mean, I'm proud of my parents and my neighborhood and what I perceive to be myartistic potential or whatever, but sometimes I feel like I'm jumping the gun a generation or two too early. (Para. 9)The second sentence of this sentence means that I feel like I am changing into a new person a generation or two too early.This shows that the changes he has to make in response to a new cultural environment have come in conflict with his old cultural legacy, and he feels lost.12. I ride the 7 train to its last stop in Flushing, where the storefront signs are all written inChinese and the sidewalks are a slow-moving river of impassive faces. (Para. 10)the storefront signs: 店面招牌Note that Flushing (法拉盛) now has the largest Chinese community in New York city, larger than Chinatown.impassive faces: faces showing no emotionNote that etymologically, the word impassive is related to “passion” rather than “passive”.13. There are no set-asides for the underprivileged or, conversely, for alumni or otherprivileged groups. There is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.” Here we have something like pure meritocracy. (Para. 12)set-asides: slots set aside for people in special categories 招生的保留名额for the underprivileged: 专为弱势群体（保留的名额）F or alumni or other privileged groups: 为校友及其他享有特权的团体（保留的名额）T here is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.”：There are no special provisions to encourage diversity” (referring mainly to ethnic diversity, guaranteed by what was known as ‘affirmative action’) or any vague idea of “well-roundedness” (referring to set-asides for students with special athletic or other talents) or “character” (referr ing to set-asides for students of especially fine character, demonstrated, or example by community service.)Note that, according to the author, this school is different. It operates on the basis of something like pure meritocracy.meritocracy: a system in which advancement is determined only by ability and achievement.Here it refers particularly to a system of education in which admission to an educational institution, evaluation and promotion are all determined by ability and achievement (merit).14. This year, 569 Asian Americans scored high enough to earn a slot at Stuyvesant,a long with 179 whites, 13 Hispanics, and 12 blacks. Such dramatic overrepresentation,and what it may be read to imply about the intelligence of different groups of NewYorkers, has a way of making people uneasy. (Para. 13)to earn a slot: to get admitted into the school; to be allowed to enter the schoolslot: available position; opening; placedramatic over-representation: a disproportionately large percentage of those admitted15.But intrinsic intelligence, of course, is precisely what Asians don't believe in. (Para. 13)But Asians, of course, believe only in hard work. They don’t believe in natural intelligence.16.“Learning math is not about learning math,” an instructor at one called Ivy Prep wasquoted in The New York Times as saying. “It's about weightlifting. You are pumping the iron of math.” Mao puts it more specifically: “You learn quite simply to nail any standardized test you take.” (Para. 13)an instructor at one called Ivy Prep: a teacher at a school called Ivy Prep, meaning a school for preparing students to get into Ivy League universities.pumping the iron of math: lifting the iron of math, rather than an iron weight.Note that the author is playing on the slang expression “pumping iron”: to lift weights.to nail: to fix, secure, or make sure of, especially by quick action or concentrated effort.17. And so there is an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children, onefocused more on the narrowness of the educational experience a non-Asian child might receive in the company of fanatically pre-professional Asian students. (Para. 14)an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children: an additional worry related to the rise of high-achieving Asian American children.the narrowness of the educational experience: Non-Asian American parents are worried that their children’s education experience will be very narrow because they are surrounded by Asian students who are all obsessively pre-professional.pre-professional: Preparatory to the practice of a profession or a specialized field of study related to it.18. A couple of years ago, she revisited this issue in her senior thesis at Harvard, where sheinterviewed graduates of elite public schools and found that the white students regarded the Asian students with wariness. In 2005, The Wall Street Journal reported on “white flight” from a high school in Cupertino, California, that began soon after the childre n of Asian software engineers had made the place so brutally competitive that a B average could place you in the bottom third of the class. (Para. 14)to revisit the issue：to look at the issue again“w hite flight”: the fleeing (running away) of white studentsa B average could place you in the bottom third of the class: If your grade were no morethan B on average, then you would be quite likely to find yourself in the lowest third of the class.19.You could frame it as a simple issue of equality and press for race-blind quantitativeadmissions standards. In 2006, a decade after California passed a voter initiative outlawing any racial engineering at the public universities, Asians composed 46 percent of UC Berkeley's entering class; one could imagine a similar demographic reshuffling in the Ivy League, where Asian Americans currently make up about 17 percent of undergraduates. (Para. 16)to frame: to express in wordsto press for: to make a strong demand forrace-blind: treating different races equallyCompare: color-blindrace-blind quantitative admissions standards:没有种族歧视的招生名额原则racial engineering:designing a student body to reflect a pre-determined racial mix (the opposite of race-blind quantitative admissions standards)C ompare: social engineering; genetic engineeringto compose 46 percent: to make up/to represent 46 percentUC Berkeley's entering class：加州大学伯克利分校的新生班demographic reshuffling：changing the representation of component groups making up a larger group of people: in this case, changing the ethnic mix within the population of Ivy League undergraduates20.But the Ivies, as we all know, have their own private institutional interests a t stake intheir admissions choices, including some that are arguably defensible. Who can seriously claim that a Harvard University that was 72 percent Asian would deliver the same grooming for elite status its students had gone there to receive? (Para. 16)to hav e their… interests at stake: to have their… interests in danger/at risk/in jeopardy arguably defensible：It can be argued that some of those private interests are defensible.to deliver the same grooming: to give the same preparation for future elite employment and social position. grooming:梳理打扮21. He had always felt himself a part of a mob of “nameless, faceless Asian kids,” who were“like a part of the décor of the place.” (Para. 17)the décor of a place: the way the place is decorated22.“It's l ike, we're being pitted against each other while there are kids out there in theMidwest who can do way less work and be in a garage band or something—” (Para. 18) to pit us against each other: to force us to compete with each otherout there: used to say in a general way that someone or something existsway less: a lot less.Note that the word ‘way’ is an adverb here.or something: used to suggest another choice, etc., that is not specified.23.“The general gist of most high school movies is that the pretty cheerleader gets with thebig dumb jock, and the nerd is left to bide his time in loneliness. But at some point in the future,” he says, “the nerd is going to rule the world, and the dumb jock is going to work in a carwash”. (Para. 19)gist: the general or basic meaning of something said or written。
现代大学英语精读3(第二版)课后练习答案
Unit OneKey to ExerciseVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。
Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。
(完整版)(完整版)现代大学英语精读6(第二版)教师用书Unit1
Unit 1Paper TigersWesley YangAdditional Background Information(About Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother)What follows is a comment on Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Elizabeth Chang, an editor of The Washington Post's Sunday Magazine, which carried the article on January 8th, 2011.The cover of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother was catnip to this average parent's soul. Although the memoir seems to have been written to prove that Chinese parents are better at raising children than Western ones, the cover text claims that instead it portrays "a bitter clash of cultures, a fleeting taste of glory" and how the Tiger Mother “was humbled by a 13-year-old.”As a hopelessly Western mother married into a Chinese family living in an area that generates immigrant prodigies as reliably as clouds produce rain, I was eager to observe the comeuppance of a parent who thought she had all the answers.And, in many ways, "Tiger Mother" did not disappoint. At night, I would nudge my husband awake to read him some of its more revealing passages, such as when author Amy Chua threatened to burn her older daughter's stuffed animals if the child didn't improve her piano playing. "What Chinese parents understand," Chua writes, "is that nothing is fun until you're good at it." By day, I would tell my own two daughters about how Chua threw unimpressive birthday cards back at her young girls and ordered them to make better ones. For a mother whose half-Chinese children played outside while the kids of stricter immigrant neighbors could be heard laboring over the violin and piano, the book can be wickedly gratifying. Reading it is like secretly peering into the home of a controlling, obsessive yet compulsively honest mother—one who sometimes makes the rest of us look good, if less remarkable and with less impressive offspring. Does becoming super-accomplished make up for years of stress? That's something my daughters and I will never find out.Chua is a law professor and author of two acclaimed books on international affairs, though readers of "Tiger Mother" get only a glimpse of that part of her life, with airy, tossed off-lines such as "Meanwhile, I was still teaching my courses at Yale and finishing up my second book" while also "traveling continuously, giving lectures about democratization and ethnic conflict." Her third book abandons global concerns to focus intimately on Chua's attempt to raise her two daughters the way her immigrant parents raised her. There would be no play dates and no sleepovers: "I don't really have time for anything fun, because I'm Chinese," one of Chua's daughters told a friend. Instead, there would be a total commitment to academics and expertise at something, preferably an instrument. Though Chua's Jewish husband grew up with parents who encouraged him to imagine—and to express himself, he nonetheless agreed to let her take the lead in rearing the children and mostly serves as the Greek chorus to Chua's crazed actions.In Chinese parenting theory, hard work produces accomplishment, which produces confidence and yet more accomplishment. As Chua note s, this style of parenting is found among other immigrant cultures, too, and I'm sure many Washington-area readers have seen it, if they don't employ it themselves. Chua's older daughter, Sophia, a pianist, went along with, and blossomed, under this approach. The younger daughter, Lulu, whose instrument of Chua's choice was a violin, was a different story. The turning point came when, after years of practicing and performing, Lulu expressed her hatred of the violin, her mother and of being Chinese. Chua imagined a Western parent’s take on Lulu's rebellion: "Why torture yourself and your child? What's the point? (I)knew as a Chinese mother I could never give in to that way of thinking." But she nevertheless allowed Lulu to abandon the violin. Given that the worst Lulu ever did was cut her own hair and throw a glass, my reaction was that Chua got off easy in a society where some pressured children cut themselves, become anorexic, refuse to go to school or worse. No one but an obsessive Chinese mother would consider her healthy, engaging and accomplished daughter deficient because the girl prefers tennis to the violin—but that's exactly the point.And, oh, what Chua put herself and her daughters through before she got to her moment of reckoning. On weekends, they would spend hours getting to and from music lessons and then come home and practice for hours longer. At night, Chua would read up on violin technique and fret about the children in China who were practicing 10 hours a day. (Did this woman ever sleep?) She insisted that her daughters maintain top grades—Bs, she notes, inspire a "screaming, hair-tearing explosion" among Chinese parents and the application of countless practice tests. She once refused to let a child leave the piano bench to use the bathroom. She slapped one daughter who was practicing poorly. She threatened her children not just with stuffed-animal destruction, but with exposure to the elements. She made them practice on trips to dozens of destinations, including London, Rome, Bombay and the Greek island of Crete, where she kept Lulu going so long one day that the family missed seeing the palace at Knossos.Sometimes, you're not quite sure whether Chua is being serious or deadpan. For example, she says she tried to apply Chinese parenting to the family's two dogs before accepting that the only thing they were good at was expressing affection. "Although it is true that some dogs are on bomb squads or drug-sniffing teams," she concluded, "it is perfectly fine for most dogs not to have a profession, or even any special skills." On the one hand, she seems aware of her shortcomings: She is, she notes, "not good at enjoying life," and she acknowledges that the Chinese parenting approach is flawed because it doesn't tolerate the possibility of failure. On the other hand, she sniffs that "there are all kinds of psychological disorders in the West that don't exist in Asia." When not contemptuous, some of her wry observations about Western-style child-rearing are spot-on: "Private schools are constantly trying to make learning fun by having parents do all the work," and sleepovers are "a kind of punishment parents unknowingly inflict on their children through permissiveness."Readers will alternately gasp at and empathize with Chua's struggles and aspirations, all the while enjoying her writing, which, like her kid-rearing philosophy, is brisk, lively and no-holds-barred. This memoir raises intriguing, sometimes uncomfortable questions about love, pride, ambition, achievement and self-worth that will resonate among success-obsessed parents. Is it possible, for example, that Chinese parents have more confidence in their children's abilities, or that they aresimply willing to work harder at raising exceptional children than Westerners are? Unfortunately, the author leaves many questions unanswered as her book limps its way to a conclusion, with Chua acknowledging her uncertainty about how to finish it and the family still debating the pros and cons of her approach (anyone hoping for a total renunciation of the Chinese approach will be disappointed).Ending a parenting story when one child is only 15 seems premature; in fact, it might not be possible to really understand the impact of Chua's efforts until her daughters have offspring of their own. Perhaps a sequel, or a series ("Tiger Grandmother"!) is in the works. But while this battle might not have been convincingly concluded, it's engagingly and provocatively chronicled. Readers of all stripes will respond to "Tiger Mother."Structure of the TextPart I (Paras. 1-2)The author, an Asian living in the United States, introduces himself as a ‘banana’.Part II (Paras. 3-5)The author describes how he believes Asians are generally viewed in the United States and how he views Asian values himself. It is clear that his overall attitude toward his cultural roots is negative. Part III (Paras. 6-8)The author agrees that Asians (especially Chinese) are over-represented in American elite schools and that, percentage-wise, more Chinese earn median family incomes than any other ethnic group in the United States. However, he does not accept the idea that the Chinese are “taking over” top American schools. He particularly ridicules the idea that the United States has to worry about a more general Chinese “takeover”, as Amy Chua’s book seems to suggest.Part IV (Paras. 9-14)In these paragraphs, the author tells the story of a Chinese American whose experience as a graduate of one of the most competitive high schools in the U.S. proves that while Asian overrepresentation in elite schools is a fact, the success of Asian students is not an indication of their higher intelligence but rather of their constant practice of test-taking. The fear that U.S. schools might become “too Asian” (too test-oriented) in response, narrowing students’ educational experience, has aroused general concern.Part V (Paras. 15-22)The author points out that the ethnic imbalance in elite schools is not only resented by white students and educators, but that even Asian students are beginning to raise serious doubts. They are tired of the crushing workload and believe there must be a better way. They envy their white fellow students who finally get to the top - strong, healthy, with a high level of academic achievement, and with time even for a girlfriend or boyfriend. They cannot help but still feel alienated in this society.Part VI (Paras. 23-28)In these Paragraphs, the author tells the story of another Chinese student who describes the subtle influence of his Chinese upbringing, which makes it difficult for him to be culturally assimilated.Part VII (Paras. 29-36)In these Paragraphs, the author discusses the problem of the “bamboo ceiling”—the fact that in spite of high academic achievement, virtually no Asians are found in the upper reaches of leadership. The author believes that this is because Asian upbringing fails to provide children with the requisite skills for leadership.Part VIII (Paras. 37-43)Between Para. 36 and Para. 37 in the original essay, there are many more case studies reflecting vividly the negative effects of Asian culture. But in order to limit the essay to a manageable length, we (the compilers) were unable to include them. Therefore, in this section, the essay comes to a somewhat abrupt conclusion.Interestingly enough, the author feels that the Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother is well worth reading although he does not agree with Amy Chua, because, in his opinion, the book provides all the material needed to refute what ‘the Tiger Mother’ stands for. More importantly, the author thinks that Amy Chua should be praised for her courage to speak out and defy American mainstream views.Detailed Study of the Text1. Millions of Americans must feel estranged from their own faces. But every self-estrangedindividual is estranged in his own way. (Para. 1)Millions of Americans must feel alienated (separated) from the essence of themselves by their own faces.The author is referring here to ethnic minority people in the United States, especially Asians.Note that “face” here does not refer to skin color or facial features alone, but also to cultural di fferences. His point is that these attributes force him into the category of “immigrant”, though he doesn’t feel like one.2. You could say that I am a banana. But while I don't believe our roots necessarily defineus, I do believe there are racially inflected assumptions wired into our neural circuitry. (Para. 2)A banana is white inside and yellow outside. The term is often used ironically to refer to anAsian American who is like all other non-Asian Americans people except for the color of his skin.The author admits that people can call him a banana, but he does not like it, because he does not believe his Asian roots determine who he is. However, he has to admit that there are racially inflected assumptions wired into many Asian Ame ricans’ neural circuitry.racially inflected assumptions: racially based prejudices, beliefs and ideaswired into our neural circuitry: deeply planted in our brains (in our minds)3. Here is what I sometimes suspect my face signifies to other Americans: An invisibleperson, barely distinguishable from a mass of faces that resemble it. A conspicuous person standing apart from the crowd and yet devoid of any individuality. An icon of so much that the culture pretends to honor but that it in fact patronizes and exploits. Not just people “who are good at math” and play the violin, but a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots who simply do not matter, socially or culturally. (Para. 3) This is how I sometimes guess other Americans look at us. (This is what I sometimesthink my face means to other Americans.)An invisible person: a person much the same as others of the same group; a person who is hardly distinguishable; a person nobody will pay special attention todevoid of any individuality: without any individualityAsian culture is said to stress uniformity or conformity. The individual is encouraged to merge with the collective. Self-promotion or assertiveness is considered in bad taste whereas invisibility is regarded as a sign of modesty.icon：n. 偶像The successful Asian student has become a symbol to be worshipped.to patronize and exploit: to treat somebody in an offensively condescending manner and make use of him or herThe author says that American culture pretends to honor the ‘Tiger Child’ (the successful Asian) as an icon (a symbol of success and everything it represents), but actually it treats Asians in a condescending way and makes use of them.a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots: a large number of peoplewho are not allowed to act or express themselves freely, treated in a harsh and harmful way, and made to behave similarly, like robots.do not matter socially or culturally: do not have much social or cultural importance.4. I've always been of two minds about this sequence of stereotypes. (Para. 4)of two minds: (BrE: in two minds) not decided or certain about something.this sequence of stereotypes: this series of stereotypes. On the one hand the author is angry that Asians should be viewed this way, and he thinks it racist, but on the other hand, he has to admit that these views do apply to many Asians.It is ironic to note that the author himself seems to be especially influenced by these racist prejudices. One may also wonder whether the stereotyped views some people have when they first encounter people of other races necessarily have devastating effects. For example, Chinese thought of Westerners as a mass of blue-eyed, yellow-haired, big-nosed, hairy chested aliens at one time. Fear of the unknown or unfamiliar is a common human reaction.5. Let me summarize my feelings toward Asian values: Damn filial piety. Damn gradegrubbing. Damn Ivy League mania. Damn deference to authority. Damn humility and hard work. Damn harmonious relations. Damn sacrificing for the future. Damn earnest, striving middle-class servility. (Para. 5)Now the author is talking about much more serious things. He is talking about his feelings toward Asian values rather than features or skin color, and his attitude is one of total rejection and condemnation. While we must realize that all cultures or civilizations have drawbacks, and we have every reason to listen to the bitter reactions of angry young Asians toward our shared culture, we should also remind ourselves that y oung people’s judgments may be hasty, imbalanced, and immature.Damn: Note that this word is generally considered extremely offensive and obscene in all its usages, and is therefore avoided, but here the author is so bitter that no other expression seems adequate. Indeed, he may have deliberately chosen this word to shock the Asian community, especially Asian parents.filial piety: love for, respect for, and obedience to one’s parentsgrade grubbing: striving for high academic scoresivy league mania: craze, obsession regarding entry to ivy league universitiesdeference to authority: respect for and submission to authorityhumility and hard work: modesty, humbleness; diligenceearnest striving middle-class servility: Middle-class people usually “hope t o rise and fear to fall” (Bunyan) and therefore work slavishly and behave submissively.One may wonder whether what the author describes here is racially determined or mainly a reflection of social and economic conditions. Many of the values listed above are similar to those of the American Puritans when obedience, respect for the old, diligence, thrift, simple living, family loyalty, discipline, and sacrifice were considered essential virtues.6. I understand the reasons Asian parents have raised a generation of children thisway. …This is a stage in a triumphal narrative, and it is a narrative that is much shorter than many remember. (Para. 6)The author says that he understands why Asian parents have raised their children this way. It is natural for most Asian parents to try to improve their children’s lives through education.a stage in a triumphal narrative: A stage (the beginning stage) of a success story. Andmany Asians have achieved success in a much shorter time than people realize.7. Asian American success is typically taken to ratify the American Dream and to provethat minorities can make it in this country without handouts. (Para. 7)to be taken to: to be considered toto make it: to succeed8.Still, an undercurrent of racial panic always accompanies the consideration of Asians,and all the more so as China becomes the destination for our industrial base and the banker controlling our burgeoning debt. （Para. 7）But there always exists a feeling of racial panic, though it may not be obvious, whenever people think of Asians. This undercurrent is now becoming stronger as more American industrial companies move their manufacturing base to China, and China has become the banker controlling our growing national debt.9. But if the armies of Chinese factory workers who make our fast fashion and iPadsterrify us, and if the collective mass of high-achieving Asian American students arouse an anxiety about the laxity of American parenting, what of the Asian American who obeyed everything his parents told him? Does this person really scare anyone? (Para. 7)The author is pointing out the contradiction here: If…, then what about…? It is clear that he doubts if there is any reason for Americans to be afraid of the Asian American who obeys everything his parents tell him. Children brought up in this submissive culture cannot pose any threat.fast fashion: This is a contemporary term used to refer to products designed and brought to market quickly in order to capture ever-changing fashion trends.10.Earlier this year, the publication of Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother inciteda collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria. But absent from themillions of words written in response to the book was any serious consideration ofwhether Asian Americans were in fact taking over this country. (Para. 8)to incite a collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria: To provoke many people into stating openly various kinds of strong racist opinionsb ut absent from the millions of words…was any serious consideration…: But there wasno serious consideration in all these millions of words…11.I mean, I'm proud of my parents and my neighborhood and what I perceive to be myartistic potential or whatever, but sometimes I feel like I'm jumping the gun a generation or two too early. (Para. 9)The second sentence of this sentence means that I feel like I am changing into a new person a generation or two too early.This shows that the changes he has to make in response to a new cultural environment have come in conflict with his old cultural legacy, and he feels lost.12. I ride the 7 train to its last stop in Flushing, where the storefront signs are all written inChinese and the sidewalks are a slow-moving river of impassive faces. (Para. 10)the storefront signs: 店面招牌Note that Flushing (法拉盛) now has the largest Chinese community in New York city, larger than Chinatown.impassive faces: faces showing no emotionNote that etymologically, the word impassive is related to “passion” rather than “passive”.13. There are no set-asides for the underprivileged or, conversely, for alumni or otherprivileged groups. There is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.” Here we have something like pure meritocracy. (Para. 12)set-asides: slots set aside for people in special categories 招生的保留名额for the underprivileged: 专为弱势群体（保留的名额）F or alumni or other privileged groups: 为校友及其他享有特权的团体（保留的名额）T here is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.”：There are no special provisions to encourage diversity” (referring mainly to ethnic diversity, guaranteed by what was known as ‘affirmative action’) or any vague idea of “well-roundedness” (referring to set-asides for students with special athletic or other talents) or “character” (referr ing to set-asides for students of especially fine character, demonstrated, or example by community service.)Note that, according to the author, this school is different. It operates on the basis of something like pure meritocracy.meritocracy: a system in which advancement is determined only by ability and achievement.Here it refers particularly to a system of education in which admission to an educational institution, evaluation and promotion are all determined by ability and achievement (merit).14. This year, 569 Asian Americans scored high enough to earn a slot at Stuyvesant,a long with 179 whites, 13 Hispanics, and 12 blacks. Such dramatic overrepresentation,and what it may be read to imply about the intelligence of different groups of NewYorkers, has a way of making people uneasy. (Para. 13)to earn a slot: to get admitted into the school; to be allowed to enter the schoolslot: available position; opening; placedramatic over-representation: a disproportionately large percentage of those admitted15.But intrinsic intelligence, of course, is precisely what Asians don't believe in. (Para. 13)But Asians, of course, believe only in hard work. They don’t believe in natural intelligence.16.“Learning math is not about learning math,” an instructor at one called Ivy Prep wasquoted in The New York Times as saying. “It's about weightlifting. You are pumping the iron of math.” Mao puts it more specifically: “You learn quite simply to nail any standardized test you take.” (Para. 13)an instructor at one called Ivy Prep: a teacher at a school called Ivy Prep, meaning a school for preparing students to get into Ivy League universities.pumping the iron of math: lifting the iron of math, rather than an iron weight.Note that the author is playing on the slang expression “pumping iron”: to lift weights.to nail: to fix, secure, or make sure of, especially by quick action or concentrated effort.17. And so there is an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children, onefocused more on the narrowness of the educational experience a non-Asian child might receive in the company of fanatically pre-professional Asian students. (Para. 14)an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children: an additional worry related to the rise of high-achieving Asian American children.the narrowness of the educational experience: Non-Asian American parents are worried that their children’s education experience will be very narrow because they are surrounded by Asian students who are all obsessively pre-professional.pre-professional: Preparatory to the practice of a profession or a specialized field of study related to it.18. A couple of years ago, she revisited this issue in her senior thesis at Harvard, where sheinterviewed graduates of elite public schools and found that the white students regarded the Asian students with wariness. In 2005, The Wall Street Journal reported on “white flight” from a high school in Cupertino, California, that began soon after the childre n of Asian software engineers had made the place so brutally competitive that a B average could place you in the bottom third of the class. (Para. 14)to revisit the issue：to look at the issue again“w hite flight”: the fleeing (running away) of white studentsa B average could place you in the bottom third of the class: If your grade were no morethan B on average, then you would be quite likely to find yourself in the lowest third of the class.19.You could frame it as a simple issue of equality and press for race-blind quantitativeadmissions standards. In 2006, a decade after California passed a voter initiative outlawing any racial engineering at the public universities, Asians composed 46 percent of UC Berkeley's entering class; one could imagine a similar demographic reshuffling in the Ivy League, where Asian Americans currently make up about 17 percent of undergraduates. (Para. 16)to frame: to express in wordsto press for: to make a strong demand forrace-blind: treating different races equallyCompare: color-blindrace-blind quantitative admissions standards:没有种族歧视的招生名额原则racial engineering:designing a student body to reflect a pre-determined racial mix (the opposite of race-blind quantitative admissions standards)C ompare: social engineering; genetic engineeringto compose 46 percent: to make up/to represent 46 percentUC Berkeley's entering class：加州大学伯克利分校的新生班demographic reshuffling：changing the representation of component groups making up a larger group of people: in this case, changing the ethnic mix within the population of Ivy League undergraduates20.But the Ivies, as we all know, have their own private institutional interests a t stake intheir admissions choices, including some that are arguably defensible. Who can seriously claim that a Harvard University that was 72 percent Asian would deliver the same grooming for elite status its students had gone there to receive? (Para. 16)to hav e their… interests at stake: to have their… interests in danger/at risk/in jeopardy arguably defensible：It can be argued that some of those private interests are defensible.to deliver the same grooming: to give the same preparation for future elite employment and social position. grooming:梳理打扮21. He had always felt himself a part of a mob of “nameless, faceless Asian kids,” who were“like a part of the décor of the place.” (Para. 17)the décor of a place: the way the place is decorated22.“It's l ike, we're being pitted against each other while there are kids out there in theMidwest who can do way less work and be in a garage band or something—” (Para. 18) to pit us against each other: to force us to compete with each otherout there: used to say in a general way that someone or something existsway less: a lot less.Note that the word ‘way’ is an adverb here.or something: used to suggest another choice, etc., that is not specified.23.“The general gist of most high school movies is that the pretty cheerleader gets with thebig dumb jock, and the nerd is left to bide his time in loneliness. But at some point in the future,” he says, “the nerd is going to rule the world, and the dumb jock is going to work in a carwash”. (Para. 19)gist: the general or basic meaning of something said or written。
现代大学英语精读2unit6课后题答案
现代大学英语精读2unit6课后题答案1、He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. [单选题] *A despite ofB. in spite of(正确答案)C. regardless ofD in case of2、My father?is _______ flowers. [单选题] *A. busy watering(正确答案)B. busy waterC. busy with wateringD. busy with water3、The Chinese team are working hard _______ honors in the Olympic Games. [单选题] *A. to win(正确答案)B. winC. winningD. won4、I had _______ egg and some milk for breakfast this morning. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. theD. /5、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)6、If you want to _______, you’d better eat more healthy food and do more exercise. [单选题] *A. keep fatB. keep calmC. keep healthy(正确答案)D. keep on7、Will you please say it again? I _______ you. [单选题] *A. didn’t hear(正确答案)B. don’t heardC. didn’t heardD. don’t hear8、24．Kitty’s father ______ a policeman since 2 He loves helping people. [单选题] *A．isB．wasC．has been (正确答案)D．have been9、15．This kind of bread is terrible. I do not want to eat it ________. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer10、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. another(正确答案)C. the otherD. others11、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free12、____ wants to see you. [单选题] *A. Somebody(正确答案)B. AnybodyC. All the peopleD. No people13、Though my best friend Jack doesn’t get（）education, he is knowledgeable. [单选题] *A. ManyB. littleC. fewD. much(正确答案)14、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of15、57．Next week will be Lisa's birthday. I will send her a birthday present ________ post. [单选题] *A．withB．forC．by(正确答案)D．in16、78．—Welcome to China. I hope you'll enjoy the ________.—Thank you. [单选题] * A．tour(正确答案)B．sizeC．nameD．colour17、How lovely a day,（）? [单选题] *A. doesn't itB. isn't it(正确答案)C.shouldn't itD.hasn't it18、My father always gets up early. He’s never late _______ work. [单选题] *A. toB. for(正确答案)C. onD. at19、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)20、There _______ no water or milk in the fridge. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. have21、How beautiful the flowers are! Let’s take some _______. [单选题] *A. photos(正确答案)B. potatoesC. paintingsD. tomatoes22、The red jacket is _______ than the green one. [单选题] *A. cheapB. cheapestC. cheaper(正确答案)D. more cheap23、—Is this Tony’s history book?—No, it isn’t ______.（）[单选题] *A. himB. his(正确答案)C. heD. himself24、—What do you think of Animal World? —______. I watch it every day.（）[单选题] *A. I don’t mind it.B. I like it.(正确答案)C. I can’t stand it.D. I don’t like it.25、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)26、( ) _____ New York _____ London have traffic problems. [单选题] *A. All…andB. Neither….norC. Both…and(正确答案)D. Either…or27、41．—________ do you take?—Small, please. [单选题] *A．What size(正确答案)B．What colourC．How manyD．How much28、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything29、_______ your help, I passed the English exam. [单选题] *A. ThanksB. Thanks to(正确答案)C. Thank youD. Thank to30、She _______ love cats, but one attacked her and she doesn’t like them anymore. [单选题]*A. got used toB. was used toC. was used forD. used to(正确答案)。
第二版全新版大学英语综合1Unit6课后答案
第二版全新版大学英语综合1Unit6课后答案全新版大学英语综合教程是上海外语教育出版社出版的'一本图书，全新版大学英语综合教程1是第一册，给大一新生们用的。
下面是店铺分享的Unit6课后答案，欢迎大家阅读!Unit 6VocabularyⅠ1.1) Fertile2) Reflected3) Overseas4) Slim5) Split6) Sustained7) Glow8) Thrust9) Keen10) Bud11) Previous12) Whichever2.1) The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2) Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3) A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4) I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5) The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1) to broaden; make their way2) disgusts; take a chance on3) the grand; and overseas; reflectedⅡ1. 1) frightened 2) afraid/ frightened2. 1) alike/similar 2) similar3. 1) alive 2) living4. 1) sleeping 2) asleepⅢ1. 1) disappointed 2) disappointment 3) disappointing 4) disappoint5) disappointingly 6) disappointing2. 1) attractive 2) attract 3) attraction 4) attractively 5) unattractively6) unattractiveComprehension ExercisesⅠCloze1. Text-related1) Identifying 2) gripped 3) margins 4)corresponding 5) overseas 6)little 7)hesitate8)grateful 9) made my way 10) going my way2. Theme-related1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4) another 5) threw 6) deliberately 7) reasoned 8) himself9) restaurant 10) matterⅡTranslation1.1) Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2) Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3) At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4) The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5) It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2. Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.【2017年第二版全新版大学英语综合1Unit6课后答案】。
综合教程6第二版答案（精选3篇）
综合教程6第二版答案（精选3篇）以下是网友分享的关于综合教程6第二版答案的资料3篇，希望对您有所帮助，就爱阅读感谢您的支持。
篇一：新世纪综合教程四第二版Unit 六答案Keys-Unit 6VocabularyI. 1.important event2. refill their hearts and minds with their cultural traditions3. the American beliefs, values and loyalties4. true demonstration of what happened5. brief experience or idea6. live in the way ofII. 1. took pride in 2. was immersed in 3. resonating with 4.had… been exposed to 5. in his mind’s eye 6. a glimpse of 7. convey… to 8. turned… toIII. 1. fluency 2. enrollment 3. accessible 4. obtainable 5. personification 6. enlightenment 7. globalization 8. promptly IV. C, B, A, C, C, D, D, CV. 1. education instruction, illumination 2. available, attainable, accessible 3. tale, story 4. harmless, auspicious 5. begin, start, commence 6. tackle, face, handle7. comfort, relaxation, ease 8. immigrateVI. 1. literature 2. joined 3. motionless 4. more than5. quickly6. hasGrammarI. 1. why 2. where 3. when 4. where5. where6. where7. why8. whenII. 1. Sam knows where we are meeting.2. /3. Four o’clock in the afternoon is the time he always reads. /Four in the afternoon is when he always reads.4. /5. I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6. The reason he resigned is still unknown.7. I remember the morning he first came to school.8. I’ll never forget the day we first met.III. more formal→ less formal: 2, 3, 1; 4, 6, 5.IV. 1. When Mrs. Brown arrived home, she found that her flat had been robbed and all her silver had been taken. Enquires were made by the police to find out possible clues. The burglar hasn’t been caught yet but he is expected to be arrested before long.2. After a hideout for terrorists had been discovered yesterday a raid was carried out by the police and five terrorists were arrested. The police said more terrorists are expected to be arrested in the next few days.V. 1. shall 2. should 3. shall 4 would5. would6. will7. shall8. willTranslationI. 1. 虽然我没见过有人抬头看它一眼, 但打心眼里希望来自美国的旅游者能看到它并会心一笑,或者路过此地的法国人能想到悬挂它的日期和理由。
精读6课后习题答案-修订过-缺unit6.docx
Unitl1.Virtue is …self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest. 2•…(Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3....the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5.It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone・People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6....the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended・The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.7....only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9.Belief can be the servant of truth…but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10.George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Unit 21.But these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song. Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable, my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored, uncultivated natural state, and the challenge.2.H rm afraid the day f s going to catch us/1 I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did.As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster—if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terrible things might happen.3....from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes seemed to lead directly to his door.In this place, though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court, there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he was responsible for certain illegal activities.4.The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.5.There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Before the family built their own house, they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key, close to the merciless Watson.6.King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours was three times a day…We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love of food, couldn^t possibly compare with ours.7.Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we were happy to be dismissed from my mothers sessions indoors, we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like.Unit3l....even droughts, floods, and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man.What people do may unintentionally cause droughts, floods, and heat waves.2.But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world we live in, such image lulls us into complacency.3.The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology.4....which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.The fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.5.Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.6.Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application...The farmer applied more and more fertilizer, and the production did rise but did notincrease at the same rate of the fertilize匚7...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant…People eat plants and animals, and their waste is flushed into the sewer system. After being processed, the waste is still waste, the residue will go into rivers, oceans, and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.8.Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change9.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.10.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.If we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war, thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.Unit 4 Nettles1.How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2.During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party11.At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies, and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. S. Eliots sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party n.3•…I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated・4.She did not ask me—was it delicacy or disapproval? -一about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5.It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6.1 knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.7.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would be driven apart.8.Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks, they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.Unit 51 ….the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic orderThere are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2. Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever afterNo one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3- ..and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other ideological temptations to ideological thinking.4.Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.5.As an ideologist, however, Jefferson.•••historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6- ...whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective.7....where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.8.But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been provedwrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.9....the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse.The only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of powe r. 10・ The distinctive human triumph..」ies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up.Unit71.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human life.As a result of technological development, human belongs now have the power to put an end to poverty and human, misery, but at the same time they also possess the power to destroy the whole world, rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless.2....unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights...We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.3.To those peoples in the huts and villages of half.....of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas, we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.4.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.5.And let every other power know that this....of its own house.We want to make clear to the communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans. Do not attempt to penetrate into this area.6....before the dark powers of destruction••…or accidental self-destruction.Before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptive attack or caused by accident.7....yet both racing to alter the uncertain...of mankinds final war.Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear wa匚8....civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid. Declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.9.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy.10・...each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.There have been occasions for each generations of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.。
现代大学英语精读unit 6 课后练习答案
Unit 6Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D2. C3. A4. C5. DVocabulary1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief2. Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. stream 6. Accept2. state 7. encounter3. relate 8. Collect4. form 9. radiate5. recognize 10. identify3. Decide whether the missing letter is e, o or a.（注意：在不发音的e结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，如结尾只有一个辅音，则该辅音必须双写。
）1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter3．Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar4．Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor5．Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader8. beginner 17. author 26. creator9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer4. Translate the following expressions, paying attention to the different use of the suffix “-ful”.1．令人羞愧的结果 10.带着哭腔；声泪俱下地2．满满一碗米饭 11.吃一大口3．色彩鲜艳的衣服 12.一厢情愿的想法4．一个令人快乐的人 13.有希望的形势5．满满一篮子的苹果 14.一屋子的客人6．满满一盒巧克力 15.一调羹油7．一小撮人 16.一大捧书8．一条有帮助的建议 17.痛苦的记忆9．一个有害的习惯 18.活泼的性格5. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.1 acceptance2 occurrence3 astonishing, unrecognizable4 appreciative, expectations5 identical, identify, identifications2. Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.SynonymsAntonyms3. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.1. After all, regarded as2. regarded as / in a sense, consists of3. for ages, at once4. were astonished at, After all5. calls for, on their part/ in turn6. dawned on, in case, melt into7. reflect on, in relation to, calls for8. cut, in, on their part/ in turn, work out4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 off/ out2 off3 out/through4 through5 to, through6 to7 with8 on9 to 10 with5.Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions listed below.1. 当我们到达目的地时，我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑，只有一些石头散落在地上。
现代大学英语精读6课后习题答案
Unit11. V irtue is ... self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2.... (Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it w as only suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8. This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9. Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10. George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.11. But these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song.Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable, my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored, uncultivated natural state, and the challenge.12. "I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did.As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terrible things might happen.13. ...from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes seemed to lead directly to his door.In this place, though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court, there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he wasresponsible for certain illegal activities.14. The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.15. There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Before the family built their own house, they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key, close to the merciless Watson.16. King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours was three times a day...We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love of food, couldn’t possibly compare with ours.17. Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors. we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like.Unit318. But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world we live in, such image lulls us into complacency.19. The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology.20. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.21. Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.22. Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application...the farmer applied more and more fertilizer, and the production did rise but did not increase at the same rate of the fertilizer.23...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant...People eat plants and animals, and their waste is flushed into the sewer system. After being processed, the waste is still waste. the residue will go into rivers, oceans, and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.24. Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change25.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflecta rapid and relentless process of change and variation.The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.26.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war, thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.Unit 4 Nettles1. How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. S. Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3. ...I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4. She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval? ---about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6. I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.7. He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would be drivenapart.8. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks. they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.1....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic order1. There are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever after2. No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3. .and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other ideological temptations to ideological thinking.4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6. ...whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective.7. ...where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.8. But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.9. ...the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse.The only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up Unit71. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human life.As a result of technological development, human belongs now have the power to put an end to poverty and human, misery, but at the same time they also possess the power to destroy the wholeworld, rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless.2. ...unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights...We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.3. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half.....of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas, we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.5. And let every other power know that this....of its own house.We want to make clear to the communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans. Do not attempt to penetrate into this area.6. ...before the dark powers of destruction..... or accidental self-destruction.Before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptive attack or caused by accident.7. ...yet both racing to alter the uncertain...of mankind's final war.Y et both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war.8. ...civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid. Declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.9. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy.10. ...each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. 1. There have been occasions for each generations of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.。
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Unit 6 Text A The Telephone Anwar F. Accawi
IV Key to Exercises Preview
2. Do the following exercises. 1 Translate, paying attention to the use of the bold type.
1. 这辆二手车买得很便宜。
2. 他的讲话被打断/缩短了。
3. 在这里建造铁路之前，先要把这里的水抽干。
4. 这花瓶擦干净以后看起来就会和新的一样。
5. 这房子被刷成了淡绿色。
6. 就在此时，门被突然踢开。
7. 恐怖分子被枪杀，人质都被释放。
8. 在日本，鱼往往是生吃的。
9. 这可怜的孩子生下来的时候就是聋的，不久又失明了。
10. 据说在皇陵完工的时候，那些建造皇陵的工人都被活活埋在里面。
2 Give the corresponding adjectives of the following names of countries.
1. Iraqi
2. Pakistani
3. Yemeni
4. Lebanese
5. Danish
6. Hungarian
7. Belgian
8. Argentine
9. Swedish
10. Swiss
11. Norwegian
12. Polish
3 Review how these words are formed.
These are compound adjectives consisting of a noun plus an adjective with the noun serving as a modifier of the adjective. Jet-black for example means as black as jet (a hard black material). 4 Point out the word or phrase that doesn’t belong in each line. 1. crush 2. crack 3. crunch 4. valueless 5. click 6. enthroned 7. breeze 8. commitment 9. career 10. obliterate
5 Complete the verb phrases by putting in prepositions or adverbs listed below.1. for 2. up 3. for 4. for 5. for 6. for 7. down/up 8. up 9. into/in/down/up 10. up 11. up 12. for 13. up 14. in 15. into 16. into 17. up 18. up 19. up 20. in 21. up 22. for 23. up 24. into 25. in 26. for/up 27. up 28. up 29. up 30. in 31. for 32. in 33. in 34. up 35. down/up 36. into 37. for 38. into 39. for 40. into 41. into 42. for 43. down/up 44. up 45. up 46. down/up 47. for 48. in 49. up 50. up 51. for
Vocabulary 1. Translate the following expressions. Into English 1. to crack the walls 2. to save souls
3. to play hide-and-seek
4. to slow to a trickle
5. to grab sb by the hair
6. to call sb names
7. to rip her shirt
8. to reveal the secret
9. to resist progress
10. to come into view
11. to gather firewood
12. to talk sb out of doing sth
13. to wriggle one’s way out of
14. to run errands
15. to deliver sb from suffering
16. to assure a steady supply
17. to take the pressure off sb
18. to keep him out of one’s hair
Into Chinese 1. 梯田
2. 多岩石的山脉
3. 百日咳
4. 周围的村庄
5. 林中的一块空地
6. 细粉尘
7. 羊粪
8. 粘乎乎的双手
9. 强壮有力的的妇女
10. 旌旗如林
11. 第一手的资料
12. 漆黑的头发
13. 一位虔诚的天主教徒
14. 家务事
15. 一种让人感到在家般自在的声音
16. 手卷香烟
17. 有利可图/十分挣钱的生意
18. 一家肉铺
19. 它往日风采的空架子
20. 一所教会学校 2. Replace the parts in bold type with appropriate words and expressions from the text. 1. gave way: caved in buried: trapped 2. asked for: charged profitable: lucrative 3. persuade him not to: talk him out of it obstruct: resist 4. a quarrel: a argument developing: escalating 5. sent to: relayed to / delivered to gather: assemble/congregate show their strong disagreement with: protest against 6. become all skin and bones: been reduced to mere skeletons rescue: save/deliver 7. started to: began to/proceeded to very seriously and carefully: with utmost gravity 8. destroyed: ruined/devastated/wrecked tore: cracked/split 9. prevent unwanted visitors from bothering you: keep unwanted visitors off your hair 10. heavily crowded: packed with people squeeze: wriggle
3．Translate the following sentences into English. 1. Incredible as it may sound, I hear that they charge 40 yuan for a bowl of simple
noodles. 2. Sun Quan finally talked everybody into agreeing to put Lu Xun, a young scholar, in
charge of (commanding) this decisive battle. 3. He was arrested on the charge of (charged with) smuggling, but in accordance with
the law, no citizen can be arrested without evidence. 4. She dropped the plate on the ground, but it miraculously did not break, landing
without so much as a crack. OR …not break. It didn’t have so much as a crack 5. I can assure you that if we dig a well deep enough here, we will strike water. So if
you guys have no objection, let’s get started/proceed. 6. She takes delight in shifting the tables and chairs in this room so as to give the room
a new look. 7. The focus of our economic development has shifted from the coastal areas in the east
to the central and western areas. 8. He shifted/changed to the highest gear, thus leaving all the other cars far behind.
9. I maintained that smoking should be forbidden, but he disagreed because he said that
the tobacco industry was an important source of government revenue.