Walt Whitman 介绍
song of myself6诗歌鉴赏
song of myself6诗歌鉴赏摘要：一、诗歌背景介绍1.诗人简介2.创作背景二、诗歌内容分析1.主题思想2.艺术特色3.修辞手法三、诗歌价值评价1.历史地位2.后世影响3.个人感悟正文：【诗歌背景介绍】《Song of Myself》是美国著名诗人Walt Whitman 的代表作之一，被誉为美国诗歌史上的一部杰作。
Walt Whitman 生于1819 年，逝于1892 年，是美国浪漫主义文学的代表人物之一，他的诗歌以豪放、奔放、大胆而著称。
《Song of Myself》创作于1855 年，是Whitman 的诗集《Leaves of Grass》中的第一首诗歌。
这首诗歌长达52 节，是Whitman 用长达20 年的时间思考和创作的结果。
在诗歌中，Whitman 歌颂了自我、自然和宇宙的统一，表达了对生命的热爱和对民主、自由的追求。
【诗歌内容分析】《Song of Myself》的主题思想是歌颂自我，表达了对生命的热爱和对民主、自由的追求。
在诗歌中，Whitman 将自己称为“我”，通过对自己的歌颂，表达了对生命的热爱和对自然的敬畏。
他将自己视为自然的一部分，与自然融为一体，表达了一种人与自然、宇宙的和谐统一。
在艺术特色方面，《Song of Myself》采用了自由体诗歌的形式，形式自由、不拘一格，充满了活力和创造力。
Whitman 在诗歌中使用了大量的比喻、象征等修辞手法，使诗歌充满了想象力和感染力。
【诗歌价值评价】作为美国诗歌史上的经典之作，《Song of Myself》在诗歌史上具有重要的地位。
Whitman 的诗歌风格和思想对后世诗人产生了深远的影响，是美国文学史上不可或缺的一部分。
同时，这首诗歌也给了我很多启示，让我更加热爱生命，珍惜每一个瞬间。
美国文学诗作欣赏及演讲之Walt Whitman
哦．船长，我的船长！
哦．船长，我的船长！我们险恶的航程已经告终， 我们的船安渡过惊涛骇浪，我们寻求的奖赏已赢得手中。 港口已经不远，钟声我已听见，万千人众在欢呼呐喊， 目迎着我们的船从容返航，我们的船威严而且勇敢。 可是，心啊！心啊！心啊！ 哦．殷红的血滴流泻， 在甲板上，那里躺着我的船长， 他已倒下，已死去，已冷却。
LOGO
Note
此诗共3节，每节8行，前4行定双韵体；后4行是较工整 的民歌体，5、7行四音步，6、8行三音步，押cded韵， 全节韵式为aabbcded。 the fearful trip：喻指美国南北战争的艰难历程。 the prize:指北方联邦军的胜利和废除奴隶制。 this arm beneath your head! 诗人不相信船长死去，抱 起船长的头，让船长从”梦”中醒来。 rack：猛烈地震摇 “While follow eyes the steady keel":"本句属倒装结构， 诗人采用以局部代替整体的提喻法（synecdoche),即用 "eyes"来指岸上急切等待的人们，而用“keel”（船的龙 骨）来代表巨轮。
O Captain! My Captain! Rise up and hear the bells, Rise up — for you the flag is flung — for you the bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths — for you the shores a-crowding, For you they call,the swaying mass,their eager faces turning; Here Captain! Dear Captain! This arm beneath your head! It is some dream that on the deck, You've fallen cold and not answer,his lips are pale and still, My father does not feel my arm,he has no pulse nor will, The ship is anchor'd safe and sound,its voyage closed and done, From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won; Exult O shores,and ring O bell! But I with mournful tread, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.
Whitman-惠特曼-作品-介绍-英文版PPT课件
1819－1892
英本五班 张丹 1003150120
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Walt Whitman
• Life • Contribution • Influence • Works.2Fra bibliotekLife
• Walter Whitman was born in 1819 in Long Island ,the second son of a house-builder.
stanza .This is like enclosing a whole list of ideas in
an envelop .
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The Themes in his poetry
• Equality • Divinity • Multiplicity • Self-reliant spirit • Death ,beauty of death • Expansion of America • Brotherhood and social solidarity • Pursuit of love and happiness
• Largely self-taught, he read voraciously, becoming acquainted with the works of Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and the Bible.
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Life
• In the fall of 1848, he founded a “Free Soil" newspaper, the Brooklyn Freeman, and continued to develop the unique style of poetry.
Walt-Whitman--沃尔特·惠特曼-英美文学综述
Drum Taps
• In May 1865 Walt began printing his Civil War literature, entitled Drum-Taps. • Some of Whitman’s poems are political committed. Before and during the Civil War, he stood firmly on the side of the North. Drum Taps Drum Taps is the collection of his emotions and feelings during the period. • In Drum Taps, as a lover of peace, Whitman express much mourning for the determination to carry on the fighting dauntlessly until the final victory.|
Leaves of Grass
• Whitman’s originality first in his use of the poetic form free verse (i.e. poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme) • The first version of his masterpiece, Leaves of Grass, appeared in 1855. • Emerson praised Whitman’s poetry as “the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet to contribute.”
惠特曼
Walter Whitman (May 31, 1819–March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, journalist, and humanist. Proclaimed the "greatest of all American poets" by many foreign observers a mere four years after his death,[citation needed] he is viewed as the first urban poet. He was a part of the transition between Transcendentalism and Realism, incorporating both views in his works. His works have been translated into more than twenty-five languages. Whitman is among the most influential and controversial poets in the American canon. His work has been described as a "rude shock" and "the most audacious and debatable contribution yet made to American literature." As Whitman wrote in Leaves of Grass (By Blue Ontario's Shore), "Rhymes and rhymers pass away...America justifies itself, give it time..."Early lifeWalter Whitman was born May 31, 1819 in West Hills, Long Island, to parents of Quaker background, Walter and Louisa Van Velsor Whitman. He was the second of nine children. [4] One of his siblings, born prior to him, did not make it past infancy. His mother was barely literate and of Dutch descent and his father was a Quaker carpenter. In 1823 the family moved to Brooklyn, where for six years Whitman attended public schools. It was the only formal education he ever received. His mother taught him the value of family ties, and Whitman remained devoted to his family throughout his life, becoming, in a real sense, its leader after the death of his father. Whitman inherited the liberal intellectual and political attitudes of a free thinker from his father, who exposed him to the ideas and writings of the socialists Frances Wright and Robert Dale Owen, the liberal Quaker Elias Hicks, and the deist Count V olney.One advantage of living in Brooklyn was that Whitman saw many of the famous people of the day when they visited nearby New York City. Thus he saw President Andrew Jackson and Marquis de Lafayette.In what was one of Whitman's favorite childhood stories Marquis de Lafayette visited New York and, selecting the six-year-old Walt from the crowd, lifted him up and carried him. Whitman came to view this event as a kind of laying on of hands: the French hero of the American Revolution anointing the future poet of democracy in the energetic city of immigrants where the nation was being invented day by day.At age eleven he worked as an office boy for lawyers and a doctor, then in the summer of 1831 became a printer's devil for the Long Island Patriot, a four-page weekly whose editor, Samuel L. Clements (NOT Samuel L. Clemens/ Mark Twain), shared the liberal political views of his father. It was here that Whitman first broke into print with "sentimental" bits of filler material. The following summer Whitman went to work for another printer, Erastus Worthington, and in the autumn he moved on to the shop of Alden Spooner, the most successful publisher-printer in Brooklyn. Although his family moved back to the area of West Hills in 1834, where another son, Thomas Jefferson, was born in July, Whitman stayed on in Brooklyn. He published a few pieces in the New York Mirror, attended the Bowery Theater, continued subscribing to a circulating library, and joined a local debating society. In his sixteenth year, Whitman moved to New York City to seek work as a compositor. But Whitman's move was poorly timed: a wave of Irish immigrants had contributed to the already unruly behavior in the city's streets; anti-abolitionist and anti-Irish riots often broke out; unemployment was high; and the winter was miserably cold. Whitman could not find satisfactory employment and, in May 1836, he rejoined his family, now living in Hempstead, Long Island. Whitman taught at various schools until the spring of 1838, when, with the financial support of friends, he began his own newspaper, the weekly LongIslander,Huntington.Whitman 's stint as an independent newspaperman lasted until May 1839, when he sold the paper and his equipment and went again to New York. This time he was more fortunate, landing a job in Jamaica with James J. Brenton, editor of the Long Island Democrat.[4] In 1841 he moved to New York City, working initially as a printer but ultimately as a journalist. His first important post was as editor of the New York Aurora in 1842. Throughout the 1840s he worked for more than a dozen New York City newspapers, including the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, where he was editor between 1846 and 1848. His position at the Eagle was abruptly terminated in part because of his disagreement with the newspaper's owners over the wisdom of the Wilmot Proviso, which stated that all territories had to be admitted into the Union as free soil states. The fact that he started a free soil paper in 1849 reinforces the conclusion that Whitman left his New Orleans post partly for political reasons. Generally, Whitman's position on slavery was that it was an evil, but so long as the Constitution made it legal, he believed that fugitive slave laws should be obeyed. He stated his views on slavery in a quasi-political treatise called The Eighteenth Presidency written between 1854 and 1856; although it was put into proof sheets, it was never published in Whitman's lifetime. In his optimism for the power of American democracy, he hoped that the American people would voluntarily give up slavery rather than lose it through civil war.His most famous work is Leaves of Grass, which he continued to edit and revise until his death and is considered his most personal and political work. A group of Civil War poems, included within Leaves of Grass, is often published as an independent collection under the name of Drum-Taps.The first versions of Leaves of Grass were self-published and poorly received. Several poems featured graphic depictions of the human body, enumerated in Whitman's innovative "cataloging" style, which contrasted with the reserved Victorian ethic of the period. Despite its revolutionary content and structure, subsequent editions of the book evoked critical indifference in the US literary establishment. Outside the US, the book was a world-wide sensation, especially in France, where Whitman's intense humanism influenced the naturalist revolution in French letters.[4] In 2000, the value of a copy of the first edition, which had sold for $35,000 in the 1990s, was cataloged with an estimated value of $50,000 - -$70,000.By 1865 Walt Whitman was world-famous, and Leaves of Grass had been accepted by a publishing house in the US. Though still considered an iconoclast and a literary outsider, the poet's status began to grow at home. During his final years, Whitman became a respected literary vanguard visited by young artists. Several photographs and paintings of Whitman with a large beard cultivated a "Christ-figure" mystique. Whitman did not invent American transcendentalism, but he had become its most famous exponent and was also associated with American mysticism. In the twentieth century, young writers such as Hart Crane, William Carlos Williams, Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac rediscovered Whitman and reinterpreted his literary manifesto for a new audience.作品Leaves of GrassIn 1855, Whitman took it upon himself to publish his first edition of Leaves of Grass. The next year he released his second edition of Leaves of Grass in 1856 with around 20 new poems. In 1860 Whitman released his third edition of Leaves of Grass, which was the first major revision and edition to his work. Whitman in 1870 added “Drum-Taps”, “Sequel to Drum-Taps”, and“Songs before Parting” to Leaves of Grass, which made this edition the first to properly address the Civil War through Whit man’s eyes. In 1881 Whitman was able to purchase his final home because of the revenue generated from the 1881 edition of Leaves of Grass. The final edition, called the deathbed edition, was released in 1892, bringing Leaves of Grass to its current state. The public response to Leaves of Grass was initially mixed. The first notice, probably written by Charles A. Dana, in the New York Daily Tribune, complained of "a somewhat too oracular strain" and of language that is "too frequently reckless and indecent ... quite out of place amid the decorum of modern society." Nevertheless, "no impartial reader can fail to be impressed with the vigor and faint beauty of isolated portions." In short, "the taste of not overdainty fastidiousness will discern much of the essential spirit of poetry beneath an uncouth and grotesque embodiment." Charles Eliot Norton, writing in Putnam's Monthly, was not at all impressed with this "curious and lawless collection of poems ... [which] are neither in rhyme or blank verse, but in a sort of excited prose broken into lines without any attempt at measure or regularity, and, as many readers will perhaps think, without any idea of sense or reason." Leaves of Grass is ultimately dismissed as a "superficial yet profound ... preposterous yet somehow fascinating ... mixture of Yankee Transcendentalism and New York rowdyism." The debate was beginningSong of MyselfSong of Myself was originally published in the 1855 edition of Leaves of Grass in which it was the first of twelve poems. At the time this poem was untitled, but in 1856 Whitman titled this work “Poem of Walt Whitman: An American”. “Poem of Walt Whitman: A n American”was divided into 52 numbered sections in 1867, which is how the poem is organized to this day. Then in 1881 Whitman decided to give the poem its final name: Song of Myself。
惠特曼十首最出名的诗 英文
惠特曼十首最出名的诗英文
华尔特·惠特曼（Walt Whitman）是美国著名的诗人，他的作
品深受广大读者喜爱。
以下是惠特曼的十首最出名的诗的英文名称：
1. "Song of Myself"（《我自己之歌》）。
2. "O Captain! My Captain!"（《啊，船长！我的船长！》）。
3. "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd"（《当紫丁
香最后在门前开放时》）。
4. "I Sing the Body Electric"（《我歌颂电的身体》）。
5. "A Noiseless Patient Spider"（《一只无声的耐心蜘蛛》）。
6. "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking"（《无尽摇篮》）。
7. "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"（《穿越布鲁克林渡船》）。
8. "To a Locomotive in Winter"（《给一辆冬天的火车头》）。
9. "A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim"（《黎明灰暗时的营地景象》）。
10. "I Hear America Singing"（《我听到美国在歌唱》）。
这些诗代表了惠特曼的创作风格和主题，包含了对自然、人类、社会和美国的独特见解和赞美。
《草叶集》简介
《草叶集》中《一路摆过布鲁克林渡口》是诗人 最优秀的作品之一。此外，《阔斧之歌》、《大 路之歌》也是名篇。优秀抒情诗《从水不休止地 摆动着的摇篮里》，这是一首爱情和死亡的颂歌。 还有《从永不休止地摆动着的摇篮里》和3组分别 名为《民主之歌》、《亚当的子孙》、《芦笛》 的诗歌及悼念林肯的名篇《最近紫丁香在庭院里 开放的时候》 。和晚年作品《再见吧，我的幻 想》。诗人去世后的遗诗《老年的回声》，作为 “附诗” 。
《自己之歌》(节选)
我赞美我自己，歌唱我自己， 我承担的你也将承担， 因为属于我的每一个原子也同样属于你。 我闲步，还邀请了我的灵魂， 我俯身悠然观察着一片夏日的草叶。 我的舌，我血液的每个原子，是在这片土壤、这个空气里形成的， 是这里的父母生下的，父母的父母也是在这里生下的，他们的父母也一样， 我，现在三十七岁，一生下身体就十分健康， 希望永远如此，直到死去。 信条和学派暂时不论， 且后退一步，明了它们当前的情况已足，但也决不是忘记， 不论我从善从恶，我允许随意发表意见， 顺乎自然，保持原始的活力。
《啊，船长，我的船长哟！》 (节选)
哦．船长，我的船长！我们险恶的航程已经告终， 我们的船安渡过惊涛骇浪，我们寻求的奖赏已赢得手中。 港口已经不远，钟声我已听见，万千人众在欢呼呐喊， 目迎着我们的船从容返航，我们的船威严而且勇敢。 可是，心啊！心啊！心啊！ 哦．殷红的血滴流泻， 在甲板上，那里躺着我的船长， 他已倒下，已死去，已冷却。 他已倒下，已死去，已冷却。
《草叶集》是十九世纪美国作家惠特曼的浪漫主义 诗集，共收有诗歌三百余首，诗集得名于集中这样的 一句诗：“哪里有土，哪里有水，哪里就长着草。” 惠特曼,诗人。1819年5月31日出生于长岛。父亲 务农，因家贫迁居布鲁克林，以木工为业，承建房屋； 他对空想社会主义思想家和民主思想家潘思的作品很 感兴趣，这使惠特曼也深受影响。
Walt Whitman作者及作品介绍
3. The Artistic Features
of Leaves of Grass (poetic style + language style.) a. A looser and more open-ended （自由任意的） syntactical structure; b. few compound sentences; c.conversational and casual, in the fluid, expansive, and unstructured style of talking, like one of the ordinary men. d. to create a different wave of feelings by cataloguing concrete things . e. Musicality :a strong sense of rhythm + parallelism + phonetic recurrence.)
Hale Waihona Puke I. Viewpoints of democracy and individualism in Leaves of Grass
1.
Walt Whitman is a poet with a strong sense of mission, having devoted all his life to the creation of the “single” poem, Leaves of Grass . 2. In this giant work, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism are all that concerned him. 3. His aim was to express some new poetical feelings and to initiate a poetic tradition in which difference should be recognized 4. The poet should behave as supreme individualist.
沃尔特·惠特曼
• In the fall of 1848, he founded a "free soil" newspaper • In 1855, first edition of Leaves of Grass, which consisted of twelve untitled poems and a preface. • second edition in 1856（thirty-three poems, a letter from Emerson praising the first edition, and a long open letter by Whitman in response）
Significance
1) Leaves of Grass, either in content or in form, is an epochmaking work in American literature: →Its democratic content marked the shift from Romanticism to Realism. →Its free-verse form broke from old poetic conventions to open a new way for American poetry. 2) Whitman’s writing style has a worldwide influence over modern poetry.
沃尔特· 惠特曼
Walt Whitman
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Walt Whitman(1819~1892)
•பைடு நூலகம்
惠特曼
《草叶集》插图
解意象
诗中的“我”的含义 诗中的“灵魂”的含义 诗中的“草叶”的含义
“我”
具体+抽象 个别+普遍 双重性、复合型
“我的灵魂”
“我的灵魂”可以游离身体之外，独立又自由 “我的灵魂”是除去一切外在的、人为的虚
诗人用航船战胜惊涛骇浪到达港口比喻林 肯领导的南北战争的胜利结束，以领航的船 长象征林肯总统的丰功伟绩，在万众欢腾之 中，以一曲悲歌，赞颂这位伟大人物 。
影响
广博的思想内容：对人民、对自然、对生活、 对祖国的无比热爱，洋溢着美国的民族精神。
崭新的诗歌形式：自由诗体（以短句而不以音 步为基础，每行字数不定，也不用韵脚）
饰之后最原始、最本真的部分
“邀”“一道”
“我”和“我的灵魂”不可分割 肉体与灵魂是平等而又依恋的关系 真正的自我是头脑与感官的和谐发展 是心灵与肉体的完美结合 共享人生乐趣
“俯首下视”“悠闲地观察”
广阔宏大的天地 聚焦于一片微小、普通的叶子
“夏天的草叶”
象征具有生命力的个体 激情、解放、民主、自由的力量
《草叶集》
草叶是生命力的象征，它是绿色的， 不论高山平地，不论地方宽窄，它都能 自发性地扎根、生长、繁殖，不需要人 们的照料、栽培。
草叶是民主的象征，人与人之间就 像草叶一样没有高下卑贱之分，是最普 通、最有生命的东西，代表着普通的人。
草叶是发展中的美国和整个人类的 象征，民主的理想和草叶的意象是合二 为一的。
立思想的个体（第一节第四段、第二节第四 和五段）
悟情感
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Memorabilia
In 1841,he moved to New York . In 1855, his father died, "leaves of grass" first edition. In 1862 in Deli, to visit the injured peroneal fierce battle of Fort brothers. In 1865 Lincoln was assassinated, Whitman's war poetry Drum-Taps (later in "leaves of grass" in the publication). In 1871, the death of his mother Louisa In 1882,he met Oscar Wilde ,and the Specimen Days and Collect was published In 1891 the last edition of leaves of grass In 1892 Whitman died
Leaves of grass
Walt Whitman
Walter Whitman (May 31, 1819–March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, journalist, and humanist. Proclaimed the "greatest of all American poets" by many foreign observers a mere four years after his death,he is viewed as the first urban poet. He was a part of the transition between Transcendentalism and Realism, incorporating both views in his works. His works have been translated into more than twenty-five languages. Whitman is among the most influential and controversial poets in the American canon. His work has been described as a "rude shock" and "the most audacious and debatable contribution yet made to American literature." As Whitman wrote in Leaves of Grass (By Blue Ontario's Shore), "Rhymes and rhymers pass away...America justifies itself, give it time...&xperience
In 1819, Whitman was born in today's Long Island, a farmhouse near the South HuntingtonIn 1823, the Whitman family moved to New York Brook forest. In 1835, he returned to Long Island, taught in a country school. In nineteenth Century 40's is the first harvest Whitman long-term work:In 1841 he published a number of short stories, after a year he published the novel "Franklin Evans in New York“. The first edition of leaves of grass was his payment publishing, published in 1855, that is the death of his father. But his poetry from 12 lengthy untitled poems. A year later, in the second edition of leaves of grass, along with Emerson's letter to be published. Whitman died in March 26, 1892, he was buried in the Harry cemetery (Harleigh) below, in designing his own tombstone.