新编英语教程7unit six How to Get Things Done
新编教程第七单元资料
Conclusions in Future Shock
Conclusion 1 Future shock is no longer a distantly potential danger, but a real sickness from which increasingly large numbers already suffer.
Unit 7
Things: The Throw-Away Society
The author: Alvin Toffler (1928-)
Career: journalist, writer &thinker; Predominant theme: change and the concern about future Best-known works:
throw away products → throw away → a set of radically altered values with respect to property → decreased durations in man-thing relationships → a throw-away society
• Social affluence • Level of industrialization • Popularity of paper products
Organization of the text
Section IV: Conclusion (Para 13) The causal chain
Organization of the text
Section I Exemplification of Barbie Doll to introduce the thesis statement (Para 1-3)
【免费】新编英语教程7课文讲解(综合英语7)
A New English Course (Level 7)Unit OneText IEnglish and American Concepts of SpaceI. About the Author --- Edward Twitchell Hall (1914 ---), . anthropologist, author, and teacher, received his . degree in anthropology from Columbia University. He has taught at various institutions, such as Harvard Business School, the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Northwestern University. His works include: The Silent Language (1959), a study of nonverbal communication, and The Hidden Dimension (1966), a study of “social and personal space and man’s perception of it.” The present text, a selection from The Hidden Dimension, gives a contrast between English and American concepts of personal space.About the author:Down the drainEdward ’s The Hidden Dimension, perhaps the scariest book (even scarier than 1984) I ever read. Scary, because it isn’t fiction, but a rather elaborate essay on anthropology and proxemic behavior. If Hall’s right, things as disregard for other cultures, mindless urban development and demographic growth have generated a behavioral sink in which stress, crime, intolerance and physical and psychic disease grow everyday, and to make things worse, our governments take measures that only accelerate the process. We are all going down the drain.Put Ed Hall’s Insights to Work in Your World Ed Hall is one of the preeminent cultural anthropologists of all times. His works, studies, and insights into the rich modern anthropology reflect a life long passion he developed as a teenager in the 1930’s Southwest . assigned to work on white-managed WPA crews alongside Navajo workers whose cultural bearings and world views were vastly different than his own people’s views.Hidden Dimensions examines the cultural contexts of space, how people define their personal and community spaces as part of their cultural norms.How far apart or close do people of a similar culture feel comfortable standing or sitting next to one another and in what circumstances When do you feel someone is “in your space”This personal comfort zone differs culture to culture. Yours may be different than mine. Hall develops these “proxemics” (proximity) in this book by observing and visiting with peoples from around the globe, and shares the wisdom gained with you so that you might expand your own world views and spatial orientations when mixing with foreign cultures to your own.Well worth the sheckles to add this great work to your life’s library. Collect all of Hall’s works.Best of the BestA fabulous writing on how human beings react to and make use of special distance from a physical and psychological viewpoint, . the study of proxemics. The type of book that should be reissued without fail by the publisher, though it is old, since it is a classic in its field. Actual numerical distances and their effect / use / experience by humans are explained as well as much about eyesight and its abilities. Hall alsoexplains how different Euro cultures (German, French, and others) plus how Americans use space differently. I’m seldom this positive about any book but must give this one a highest rating.II. Organization and DevelopmentLike most writings of an academic nature, this article is neatly-structured. Its thesis is clearly stated in the first paragraphand is developed in the rest of the article by contrast. Can you identify the sentence in the first paragraph that states the thesis The sentence in the 1st paragraph that states the thesis:If there ever were two cultures in which differences of the proxemic details are marked it is in the educated English and the middle-class Americans.The contrasts Hall has made are frequently marked by words or phrases generally known as sentence adverbials or connectives. Locate such items throughout the writing and try to tell what contrast they introduce.Words or phrases used to indicate contrasts:Paragraph 1“whereas” --- contrasting space for Americans with the socialsystem for the English as a factor determining aperson’s social status“however” --- contrasting the importance of one’s address inthe United States with that of the position in thesocial system into which a person is born in Britain Paragraph 3“on the other hand” --- contrasting what is said in the 2ndparagraph with what is said in the 3rd, . theAmerican’s sense of space that can be called his ownwith the Englishman’s sense of shared space Paragraph 5“on the other hand”--- contrasting the different ways in whichAmericans and the English behave when seekingseclusionThe contrast Hall has made serves to explain the apparent clashbetween theEnglish and Americans, . why they behave differently when they have the same need to satisfy.III. Notes1.In what sense does Hall use the word “separated”in the first sentenceMade culturally different.2.What, according to the author, has really separated the English andthe AmericansNot the different ways in which the English language is used as assumed by most people, but the different ways of handling time, space and materials.munications on other levels --- Broadly speaking, communication isof two kinds: verbal and nonverbal. Verbal communication consists of word language and the variations in meaning which a person puts into words through the way they are said. Thus different intonation mayimpart different meanings. Nonverbal communication consists of non-word language such as gestures and bodily action, visual aids like graphs and photos, certain activities, and time, space, and materials as mentioned by the author. What the author means here is that words do not account as much for the differences of the two peoples as the other levels of communication.4. ego --- 1) self, especially as contrasted with another self or the world;2) one’s opinion of oneself; self-esteem, .: He has an enormous ego. (= thinks he is a very fine person).3) tech. (in Freudian psychology) the one of the three parts of the mind that connects a person to the outside world, because it can think and act; conscious self5. rephrase the sentence:The differences for which language gets blamed may not be due so much to words as to communications on other levels beginning with English intonation (which sounds affected to many Americans) and continuing to ego-linked ways of handling time, space, and materials.Some people complain about the English language for its being so different in the two countries. These differences, however, may have resulted not from the words people use, but rather from individual linguistic habits, which are displayed in the adoption of a particular intonation (English intonation sounds unnatural to Americans), and extend down to the way people look at the world.6. Proxemics is the study of the communicative value of space and distancein various cultures. It includes the study of the physical distance between people when they are talking to each other, as well as their postures and whether or not there is physical contact during their conversation. These factors can be looked at in relation to the sex, age, and social and cultural background of the people involved, and also their attitudes to each other and their state of mind. Of interest are such features as the physical distance considered proper or comfortable between two people engaged in conversation or standing near each other in public places. These and other nonverbal behavioral features, which vary from culture to culture, have been called “silent language” by Edward T. Hall.“The proxemic details” refers to facts or pieces of information related to proxemics, ., how closely two people should stand or sit apart when talking to each other, whether one should have his office door open or closed, etc.7. A public school in Britain is a private secondary boarding school witha pre-university curriculum. Admission is by entrance examination. The term “public school” emerged in the eighteenth century when the reputation of certain grammar schools spread beyond their immediate environs. They began taking pupils whose parents could afford residential fees and thus became known as “public schools”, in contrast to “local schools”. A public school is different from a comprehensive school, where children of all abilities and social backgrounds are taught together. A public school generally prepares students academically for higher education. Therefore, students who go to public schools are supposed to be better educated than those who goto comprehensive schools.8. Middle-class Americans are a heterogeneous socioeconomic grouping composed principally of business and professional people such as managers, doctors, lawyers, teachers, government officials, some farmers and skilled workers. They are characterized by a comfortable material standard of living, and respect for property. Since World War II, the middle class has been the largest social class in the United States. In the most people identify themselves as “middle-class.”9. disparity --- (C,U) (between, in, of)fml(an example of) being completely different or unequal; a noticeable difference. There is (a) considerable disparity in the rates of pay for men and women.10. What does the “social system” in England refer toThe traditional way of stratify societying into classes, which remains important / influential even today.11. Rephrase the sentence:One of the basic reasons for this wide disparity is that in the United States we use space as a way of classifying people and activities, whereas in England it is the social system that determines who you are. One of the important factors that has contributed to such a big difference is that the place where one lives, to Americans, can present a symbol of one’s status or activity, while in England, the class one belongs to identifies one’s position in society.12. Why do you think one’s spatial location means almost as much to theAmericans as one’s social location does to the EnglishThink of the different history of the two countries. Britain has a long history of feudal social hierarchy, which had been firmly rooted and survived the bourgeois revolution in the 17th century. This system has not been completely overcome and the country is still a kingdom today. Aristocratic titles have been hereditary and are still regarded as a mark of a person’s social status. On the other hand, the United States has a short history of about 200 years, which began with a vast expanse of land that provided abundant space for people to fully exercise their imagination and develop their talent. A person’s background is far less important than what space he can find for himself and what he can achieve in that space.13. prestigious --- having prestige, . general respect or admiration felt for someone or something, because they have high quality, social influence, success, etc.14. fishmonger --- a person who owns or works in a shop (fishmonger’s) which sells fish: I bought a nice piece of cod from the fishmonger / at the fishmonger’s.15. stall --- a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place: a market stall16. allot --- give as a share or set apart for a purpose. Most of the money has already been allotted.They allotted us three weeks to finish the job.We were unable to finish it in the allotted time.17. What conclusion has the author reached by the end of the first paragraph？Spatial allocation does not have the same implication for the English and for Americans.18. How is the first paragraph related to the second oneThe last sentence of the first paragraph introduces the next two paragraphs, which illustrate differences between the English and the Americans in the allotment of space.19. den ---infml. a small quiet comfortable room in a house, where a person, usually a man, can be alone (小书斋; 小巧而舒适的私室) . Father’s in his den.--- the home of a usu. Large fierce wild animal, such as a lion --- a center of secret, esp. illegal, activity, . a den of thieves20. “the shop” --- a place where things made or repaired “工场”21. What does the author try to contrast in the second and the third paragraphHow differently space is allotted in Britain and the United States, the former having a strong sense of “shared space”and the latter of “one’s own space.”22. vacate --- give up the occupancy of; stop using; leaving (a room or place) so that it is available for someone else to use23. inconsequential --- unimportant; insignificant24. be entitled to --- possess the right to have or to do something25. Rephrase the sentence:As a consequence, the English are puzzled by the American need for a secure place in which to work, an office.As a result, it is hard for the English to figure out why Americans invariably feel it is necessary to find themselves a space, such as an office, where they may work without being disturbed.26. implication --- something that is suggested or implied by a particular situation, event, or statement27. typify --- v. 1) (not in progressive forms) be a typical example of; show all the most usual characteristics of something, . The shoe-shine boy who becomes a millionaire typifies the American Dream.2) (not in progressive forms) to be a typical mark or sign of 成为…的标记: the high quality that typifies all this work3) fml. to represent in a typical manner, . by an image, model, or likeness, . In this book we have tried to typify the main classes of verbs. 在本书中, 我们力图以明显的方式把动词分成几大类.28. strain --- a state of tension within or among people; . the current strain in relations between the two countries29. How do you interpret “experiencing strain in his relationships with Americans” in paragraph 4Having trouble getting along with Americans30. Rephrase the sentence:It took some time but finally we were able to identify most of the contrasting features of the American and British problems that were in conflict in this case.It was not until some time later that we managed to discover the major differences that had frustrated both sides in the above story.31. How differently would the English and the Americans behave when they want to be aloneThe Americans would go to their own rooms and shut the door, whereas the English, instead of finding architectural screens to shut themselves off, would provide subtle clues to others present that they do not wish to be disturbed.32. How would the English and the Americans feel if they are not talked to by people present in the same roomAmericans would feel that they are being rejected. The English would feel happy that others have recognized the unseen barrier they have erected to keep off intrusion.33. Rephrase the sentence:They have in effect internalized a set of barriers, which they erect and which others are supposed to recognize.They have virtually built up, for themselves, a wall, which may keep them safe from disturbance when necessary and which, they assume, others should be able to perceive and respect.34. The article is written not by a lay person based on casual observations but by a professor of anthropology based on his research findings. Somewords the author uses has added to the academic flavor of the writing. Can you identify some of them and explain what they meanProxemic --- adj. of proxemics, a branch of sociology that studies spatial relations, people’s sense of space and their need of space in different situations, etc.Subject --- a person that undergoes scientific experimentation or investigationEgo --- the self of a personCondition --- determine, accustomSeminar --- regular meeting of a group of students under the guidance of a tutor or a professorUnit TwoTEXT ITouristsI. About the author --- Nancy Mitford (), English writer of novels, biographies, and essays, is noted for her witty novels of upper-class life. Her workers include: Pursuit of Love (1945), Vlotaire in Love (1957), and The Sun King (1966), about Louis XIV. One of her most widely read books was Noblesse Oblige: An Inquiry into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy (1956). The text is from an essay called “The Tourist,”part of a collection published under the title of The Water Beetle (1962).II. Organization and DevelopmentAlthough part of a collection, the selection is quite complete in itself as far as structure is concerned. The author seems to have followed a well-worked-out outline. Now try to restore that outline, indicating the main parts and the major subdivisions under each of them.Outline for reference:1.The island and the touristsThe island: location, natural features, the cathedral and itsbellsThe tourists: number, transport, lack of taste, ill-mannered behavior, American-Englishmen-Germans2.Behavior of the islandersThe author’s general attitudeComparison of the island to a stageYoung men from Burano (Little Eric)Old women selling lacesThe priestThe tourists’ response3.Torcello back to its life routineYoung menOld womenFather of the clover babiesThe brief description of the small island creates the impression that it might be a nice, quiet retreat for writers like the author herself, but it might not be a good tourist resort. This helps to strengthen the point the author wants to make, . the tourists who swamp the place are aimless in their touring.III. Notes1. Based on the author’s description, try to think of just a few words and phrases that bring out the most important features of the island Torcello.Small, ancient, abundant in wild flowers, crisscrossed by waterways2. Rephrase the sentence:The most intensive study I ever made of tourists was at Torcello, where it is impossible to avoid them.Since tourists can be seen almost everywhere at Torcello, I decided to observe them closely.3. minute: very small4. lagoon: an area of calm sea water partly or completely separated from the sea by banks of sand, rock, coral, etc.5. a great cathedral --- referring to SantaMaria Assunta Cathedral, which was founded in about 639, and rebuilt in the ninth and the eleventh century. It is a Byzantine cathedral, decorated with fine Veneto-Byzantine mosaics.6. What does the word “chorus” in line 8 refer tobells ringing out7. Explain the sentence:Bells from the campanile ring out reproaches three times a day …joined by a chorus from the surrounding islands. --- From the campanile, or the high bell tower, can be heard the reproaches, or sets of verses representing reproaches of Jesus Christ to his people, three times a day. Such reproaches ring out from the nearby islands too.“cloches, cloches, divins reproches”= (French) “bells, bells, divine reproaches”8. lonely as a cloud --- This is an echo of William Wordsworth’s poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” (1804). The first verse of the poem is as follows:I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.9. Rephrase the sentence:Torcello which used to be lonely as a cloud has recently become an outing from Venice.Torcello was at one time an island scarcely visited by people, but today it has grown to be a magnet for tourists from Venice.10. chartered --- hired for use by a particular group or person11. yacht --- a large boat, often motor-driven, used for pleasure; a light sailing boat12. towpath --- a path (as along the bank of a canal or river) traveled by men or animals towing / pulling boats13. Possibly there is a double meaning in the phrase much restored in line 13.The early mosaics are made to look new again; the scenes from hell are brought back to life.14. a great, sad, austere Madonna --- the image of Mary, mother of JesusChrist, in mosaics, who appears sorrowful and stern15. Byzantine art --- the symbolical system of art which was developed by the early Greek or Byzantine artists out of the Christian symbolism. Its chief features are the circle, dome, and round arch; and its chief symbols the lily, cross, vesica, and nimbus.16. Explain the sentence in line 14 “Byzantine art is an acquired taste.”One needs to cultivate a certain taste to be able to appreciate Byzantine art.17. Rephrase the sentence:Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it.Byzantine art is a highly refined heritage, but few of the tourists here have arrived at that sophistry as to be able to appreciate it. / To appreciate Byzantine art, one needs to cultivate a particular sense of beauty, but few of the tourists to Torcello have been so equipped.18. the village green --- a small stretch of grass in the village19. Attila --- king of the Huns, a nomadic people from central Asia, from 434 . to 453 ., and one of the greatest of the barbarian rulers who attacked the Roman Empire. In 452 he invaded northern Italy and sacked several cities there.20. leave the devil of a mess behind them --- leave behind them all kinds of litter / a terrible mess. Devil is often used to give force to various expressions, especially of displeasure, . We had a devil of a job trying to persuade her.Why the devil did he comeWhat the devil is she doing now21. marching as to war --- This is an echo of a Christian hymn written by Sabine Baring-Gould (1834-1924). The first stanza goes thus:Onward, Christian soldiers,Marching as to war,With the Cross of JesusGoing on before! (1864)22. a Leader --- apparently referring to the tourist guide23. a standing order --- a permanent request (for something by a customer)24. From what Mitford has said of the tourists in the first paragraph, can you imagine what, in her opinion, a good tourist should be like He should have a clear purpose when going sightseeing, be appreciative of what there is supposed to be seen; he should not litter, or do anything harmful to the environment.25. What different images has Mitford created of the Americans, the Englishmen, and the Germans with her brief description of themAmericans --- well-to-do but having no taste at allEnglishmen --- mean, not attentive to public hygieneGermans --- well-organized and well-disciplined but not appreciative26. extract --- obtain by much effort27. Rephrase the sentence:As they are obliged, whether they like it or not, to live in public during the whole summer, they very naturally try to extract some financial benefit from this state of affairs.They have no choice but to come into contact with the tourists throughout the summer, and it is not hard to imagine why they should not try to earn some money out of this opportunity.28. What does the word Italian in line 31 refer toThe Italian nation as a whole29. gondolier --- the boatman who propels a gondola, a long narrow flat-bottomed boat with a high prow and stern used on the canals of Venice30. sandolos --- small boats used on the Venetian canals31. Buona fortuna --- (Italian) Good luck32. trinket --- a small ornament (as a jewel or ring) of little value33. point de Venise lace --- lace that is made with a needle or needle point. Burano is known for its Venetian point lace industry.34. four-leafed clovers --- or four-leafed clovers, four-leaf clovers.A four-leafed clover is a clover plant that has a set of four leaves instead of the usual three, and is believed to bring good luck to a person who finds it.Clover –is a small usu. three-leafed plant with pink, purple, or white flowers, often grown as food for cattle.35. holy processions --- religious parades36. Rephrase the sentence:The priest organizes holy processions to coincide with the arrival of the steamer.The priest arranges for the religious pageant to begin the moment the ship arrives.37. flapping --- swaying loosely, and making a noise, especially when moved by wind38. Daily Mail --- name of a newspaper39. Where in paragraph 2 does Mitford reveal her attitude towards the way the islanders behaveShe is somewhat sympathetic to them. Refer to lines 29-31, “As they are obliged, whether they like it or not …from this state of affairs.”40. A metaphor runs through paragraphs 2 and 3. What is it Which sentence sets up the comparison Pick out words that continue the metaphor.The island is compared to a stage, and the activities to a play.Line 31, “The Italian is a born actor …”dress up, sweet-faced old women, apparently, organizes holy procession to coincide, the curtain, shed their jackets, let the smiles fade41. How do you understand the last sentence “Tocello is itself again” The play is over; ordinary life on the island is restored, and the islanders are their normal selves again.Unit ThreeText IThe SubwayTom WolfeI. About the AuthorThe Author --- Tom Wolfe (Thomas K. Wolfe, Jr., 1931-), . author, is one of the new journalists, who write, like journalists, about the people,the places, and the events of the contemporary world, but who write with the imagination, the personal vision, and the rhetorical flair which is usually associated with the creative writer. Wolfe’s writings appear in magazines such as Confidential and Harper’s Bazaar. Wolfe, like any good reporter, observes closely from a particular angle of vision --- often satiric --- and he projects what he feels and thinks into his description by the details he selects to show us and the words he chooses to describe them. His works include: The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby (1965), New Journalism (1973), and In Our Time (1980).II Organization and DevelopmentThe topic sentence of paragraph 2 extends, at least in part, to paragraph 3.For paragraph 5, the following words from paragraph 4 with some modifications may serve the purpose of a topic sentence: “However, some men do fall to the state of being a bum. For example, on the East Side IRT subway line…”In paragraph 3, apart from sticking to using “he”as the subject in a series of sentences to describe the actions of the two black boys in the car, the conjunction “then”is used twice to show the chronological progression of the actions.The last four sentences of paragraph 4 all keep to “he” as the subject.III. Notes1. the living symbol of all that adds up to lack of status in New York --- the very indication that those who take the subway have a low social position2. disorientation --- confusion, loss of one’s bearings3. express stop --- a major rapid transit stop where “express trains”stop, as contrasted to a “local stop” where all trains stop4. Rephrase the following.In a way, of course, the subway is the living symbol… every express stop.In New York’s underground transportation system, one finds many examples of what is low-class behavior in New York. The subway is disorganized and people move about wildly at each express stop.5. vistas --- sweeping views6. eerie --- frightening because of strangeness or gloominess7. How is the statement “The whole place is a gross assault on the senses”supported by details in the first paragraphassault on the sense of hearing --- noise of the trains, high-pitched harshness, metallic tones from recordsassault on the sense of touch --- pushing and being pushed in crowds assault on the sense of smell --- unbearable odorsassault on the sense of sight --- The sight of customers with bread flakes caked on their mouths and flatulent cheeks at lunch counters is far from pleasant.8. qualm --- feelings of uneasiness or uncertainty as to whether something is right9. What does the word “qualms”in line 7 mean What does the whole sentence containing the word implyunease, a pang or sudden feeling of doubt, esp. concerning moral conduct Pushing others in a crowded public place is considered rude, but in the . subway the passengers, when in a crowd, seem to have forgotten this basic moral norm.10. tactile --- relating to the sense of touch11. crucifying --- torment, torture12. Rephrase the sentenceYour tactile sense takes a crucifying you never dreamed possible.You are being bumped, shoved and prodded amidst the crowd more than you ever have been before / more than you ever expected.13. 45 records --- The abbreviation “ stands for “revolutions per minute.” It is a measure of the speed of a record. A 45 record goes。
新编剑桥商务英语unit7精选全文
Languages for qualities and skills
❖fighter pilot / airline pilot
▪ Excellent health/vision ▪ Excellent heart condition ▪ Challenging , dangerous
❖politician / journalist
❖Rackspace Managed Hosting 可控制虚拟主机公 司 is an IT hosting company based in San Antonio,
Texas.
❖Proctor and Gamble: 宝洁公司(P&G)
is a Fortune 500 American multinational corporation headquartered in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio and manufactures a wide range of consumer goods. (财富500强公司之一，一家生产 个人卫生用品的大集团公司，总部设在美国)
- (many graduates believe) you work on creative PR campaigns and go on lots of jollies
- marketing seems more attractive (than sales)
- it isn’t as bad as myths suggest
❖Retain an air of glamour显得很风光 ❖Jolly 痛快，刺激 ❖Door-to-door 挨家挨户的 ❖Cold calling 不期而至的电话 ❖ Outnumber…by..数量上超过
新编英语教程7 (Unit 5-14 Text I 译文)
新编英语教程7 (Unit 5-12 Text I 译文)Unit Five The Santa Ana Joan Didion圣安娜飓风洛杉矶今天下午的空气中存有某种不安，某种不自然的平静，某种紧张的气息。
言下之意,今晚将刮起圣安娜飓风。
这股热风将从东北呼啸而下，穿过克侯恩关口和圣哥根尼奥关口，沿着66号高速公路吹起一场沙尘暴，将沿途的山林干化到燃点。
不消几天我们将能看到峡谷里的浓烟，听到夜里的警报。
虽然我没有听说或者读到圣安娜飓风要来了，可是我知道它会来，而且我今天见到的所有人几乎都知道。
我们之所以知道是因为人人都有切身感受。
婴儿会烦躁。
女佣会愠郁。
而我则重燃了一场和电话公司之间本要熄灭的口舌之战，然后收拾败局躺了下来，彻底臣服于空气之中的某种莫名其妙的气氛。
和圣安娜飓风一起生活就得接受它，不管是有意还是无意地看，这都是种顽固的人类行为机械论。
我想起当我初次搬到洛杉矶，住在一个孤单的海滩旁时，有人告诉我，说过去本地的印第安土著会在这种恶风刮起的时候投身大海。
我可以想见原因。
在圣安娜飓风期，太平洋会泛起不祥的光泽，而且在夜晚人们不但会因为橄榄树上孔雀的尖叫声，而且会因为那没有风浪的怪诞海面感到烦躁不能入眠。
热度出乎人们的常识。
天空泛着一层黄光，这种光有时叫做―地震天气‖。
我那唯一的邻居好多天都不肯出门，夜晚也没有灯，她丈夫带着把弯刀在附近走动。
一天他跟我说他听到非法入境者的声音，第二天说是条响尾蛇。
在那样的夜晚，雷蒙德·查恩德乐曾经写过圣安娜飓风的情况，―每一个聚众酗酒的集会最后都演变成了一场斗殴，原本温和的小妻子会摸着餐刀的刀刃研究研究丈夫的脖子。
什么事都可能发生。
那就是这种风带来的影响。
我当时还不明白飓风对我们大家带来的影响有什么依据，可是最终它证明来自民间的智慧中存在着科学道理。
圣安娜飓风是以它经过的一个峡谷的名字命名的，它是一种焚风，就象奥地利和瑞士的焚风一样，或者象以色列的哈姆辛风（译者注：春季从沙哈拉大沙漠吹向埃及的干热风）。
新编英语教程7unit six How to Get Things
A great many people have come up to me and asked me how I manage to get somuch work done and still keep looking so dissipated. Hundreds of thousands of people throughout the country are wondering how I have time to do all mypainting, engineering, writing and philanthropic work when, according to therotogravure sections and society notes, I spend all my time riding to hounds, going to fancy-dress balls disguised as Louis XIV, or spelling outGREETINGS TO CALIFORNIA in formation with three thousand Los Angeles schoolchildren. "All work and all play," they say.The secret of my incredible energy and efficiency in getting work done is asimple one. I have based it very deliberately on a well-known psychologicalprinciple and have refined it so that it is now almost too refined. I shall have to begin coarsening it up again pretty soon.The psychological principle is this: anyone can do any amount of work, provided it isn't the work he is supposed to be doing at that moment.Let us see how this works out in practice. Let us say that I have five things which have to be done before the end of the week: (1) a basketful ofletters to be answered, some of them dating from October, 1928 (2) some bookshelves to be put up and arranged with books (3) a hair-cut to get (4) apile of scientific magazines to go through and clip (I am collecting all references to tropical fish that I can find, with the idea of someday buyingmyself one) and (5) an article to write for this paper.Now. With these five tasks staring me in the face on Monday morning, it islittle wonder that I go right back to bed as soon as I have had breakfast, in order to store up health and strength for the almost superhuman expenditure of energy that is to come. Mens sana in corpore sano is my motto.As I lie in bed on Monday morning storing up strength, I make out a schedule. "What do I have to do first?" I ask myself. Well, those lettersreally should be answered and the pile of scientific magazines should be clipped. And here is where my secret process comes in. Instead of putting them first on the list, I put them last. I say: "First you must write that article for the newspaper." I sometimes go so far in this self-deception asto make out a list in pencil, with "No. 1. Newspaper article" underlined inred. (The underlining in red is rather difficult, as there is never a red pencil on the table beside the bed, unless I have taken one to bed with meon Sunday night.)I then seat myself at my desk with my typewriter before me and sharpen fivepencils. (The sharp pencils are for poking holes in the desk-blotter, and apencil has to be pretty sharp to do that. I find that I can't get more thansix holes out of one pencil.) Following this I say to myself "Now, old man!Get at this article!"Gradually the scheme begins to work. My eye catches the pile of magazines, which I have artfully placed on a near-by table beforehand. I write my nameand address at the top of the sheet of paper in the typewriter and then sinkback. The magazines being within reach, I look to see if anyone is watching me and get one off the top of the pile. Hello, what's this! In the very first one is an article by Dr. William Beebe, illustrated by horrifying photographs! Pushing my chair away from my desk, I am soon hard at work clipping.One of the interesting things about the Argyopelius, or "Silver Hatchet" fish, I find, is that it has eyes in its wrists. I would have been sufficiently surprised just to find out that a fish had wrists, but to learnthat it has eyes in them is a discovery so astounding that I am hardly ableto cut out the picture.Thus, before the afternoon is half over, I have gone through the scientific magazines and have a neat pile of clippings (including one of a Viper Fishwhich I wish you could see. You would die laughing). Then it is back to thegrind of the newspaper article.This time I get as far as the title, which I write down with considerable satisfaction until I find that I have misspelled one word terribly, so thatthe whole sheet of paper has to come out and a fresh one be inserted. As Iam doing this, my eye catches the basket of letters.Now, if there is one thing that I hate to do (and there is, you may be sure)it is to write letters. But somehow, with the magazine article before me waiting to be done, I am seized with an epistolary fervor, and I slyly sneakthe first of the unanswered letters out of the basket. I figure out in mymind that I will get more into the swing of writing the article if I practice on a few letters.This first one, anyway, I really must answer. True, it is from a friend inAntwerp asking me to look him up when I am in Europe in the summer of 1929, so he can't actually be watching the incoming boats for an answer, but I owesomething to politeness after all. So instead of putting a fresh sheet ofcopy-paper into the typewriter, I slip in one of my handsome bits of personal stationery and dash off a note to my friend in Antwerp. Then, beingwell in the letter-writing mood, I clean up the entire batch.I feel a little guilty about the article, but the pile of freshly stamped envelopes and the bundle of clippings on tropical fish do much to salve myconscience. Tomorrow I will do the article, and no fooling this time.When tomorrow comes I am up with one of the older and more sluggish larks. Afresh sheet of copy-paper in the machine, and my name and address neatly printed at the top, and all before eleven .! "A human dynamo" is the name I think up for myself. I have decided to write something aboutsnake-charming and am already more than satisfied with the title "TheseSnake-Charming People." But, in order to write about snake-charming, one hasto know a little about its history, and where should one go to find history but to a book? Maybe in that pile of books in the corner is one on snake-charming!So, with a perfectly clear conscience, I leave my desk for a few minutes andbegin glancing over the titles. Of course, it is difficult to find any book, much less one on snake-charming, in a pile which has been standing inthe corner for weeks. What really is needed is for them to be on a shelf where their titles will be visible at a glance. And there is the shelf, standing beside the pile of books! It seems almost like a divine command: "If you want to finish that article, first put up the shelf and arrange thebooks on it!" Nothing could be clearer or more logical.In order to put up the shelf, the laws of physics have decreed that there must be nails, a hammer and some sort of brackets. You can't just wet a shelf with your tongue and stick it up. And, as there are no nails or brackets in the house, the next thing to do is to put on my hat and go outto buy them. Much as it disturbs me to put off the actual start of the article, I feel that I am doing only what is in the line of duty. As I puton my hat, I realize to my chagrin that I need a hair-cut badly. I can killtwo birds with one stone, and stop in at the barber's on the way back. Iwill feel all the more like writing after a turn in the fresh air. Any doctor would tell me that.So in a few hours I return, spick and span and smelling of lilac, bearing nails, brackets, the evening papers and some crackers and peanut butter. Then it's ho! for a quick snack and a glance through the papers (there might be something in them which would alter what I was going to write about snake-charming) and in no time at all the shelf is up, slightly crooked but up, and the books are arranged in a neat row. There does not happen to be one on snake-charming, but there is a very interesting one containing some Hogarth prints which will bear closer inspection.And so, you see, in two days I have done four of the things I had to do,simply by making believe that it was the fifth that I must do. And the nextday, I fix up something else, like taking down the bookshelf and putting itsomewhere else, that I have to do, and then I get the fifth one done.The only trouble is that, at this rate, I will soon run out of things to do,and will be forced to get at my newspaper articles the first thing Monday morning.。
新编英语教程Unit 7 TextI The Throw-Away Society
❖ 9. value judgments:
❖ judgments about the quality of something, based on opinion rather than facts;
❖ 价值判断
❖ 10. lingering
❖ literal meaning: slow to disappear
❖ 12. ruthlessly eliminated
❖ done away with/thrown out completely
❖ ruthless: cruelly, mercilessly; in this context: firmly and completely
❖ A decision was made ruthlessly to carry through the reform.
behaving ❖ Information technology had made a great
impact on modern life.
❖8. foreshorten:
❖to make seem smaller, shorter, closer together than is really the case
❖ 按透视法（或按观察角度）缩短线条等
❖the foreshortening of our relationship with things accelerates the pace of life:
❖the attempt to make our relationships with things transient causes our life to move on faster
❖ adv. perfectly, elegantly
新编实用英语综合教程Unit 6 Faster,Higher and Stronger
Back
Unit | Six
Following Sample Dialogues
4 Read the following sample dialogues and try to perform your own tasks.
Unit | Six
Back
Unit | Six
Putting Language to Use
A: There is a poster of a swimming contest at the school gate.
B: Great! I'll go and check the details .
细节
Unit | Six
Window on Key Words
3) Inviting One to an Outdoor Activity A: Our sstutuddeenntsts' 'uunnioionn will hold a ccyycclliinngg race this weekend around the city. B: Cycling? I love it. A: Would you like to come with us? B: Sure.
6 ___is__fr_e_e_______.
Mr. Power: Really? 7T_h_a_t_'s__w_o_n__d_e_rf_u_l___! Shall we go there together? Back
You: OK. See you at 6:30 at the school gate.
You: Sherry, what should we do this weekend? 1 (问她对什么娱乐活动感兴趣)
新编英语教程unit 7
1. Précis WritingA. The main points:1. — prizefight promoter, who knows the ins and outs of the business— to please the crowd most vital to prizefights—the crowd: bloodthirsty, coming to see the killer, not the boxing artist2.. Benny Paret, was struck hard on the head, where lies the vulnerable(易受攻击的) brain,again and again for 11 rounds3.— The public and the authorities, aroused and greatly shocked, investigated all causes butthe real one: some people’s thirst for blood4. — the true killer: the prevailing mores, regard prizefighting as a perfectly proper form ofenterprise and entertainmentB. The reference version.Young Benny Paret was killed in a prizefight. Who was to blame for his death? During an interview, a prizefight promoter who knows the ins and outs of the business claimed that the most important point of the boxing profession was to please the crowd who came not to see the boxing artist but the killer. Having been struck hard on the head, where lies the vulnerable brain, again and again during the bloody eleven rounds, Benny finally collapsed into a coma, never to wake up again. The public and the authorities were aroused and greatly shocked. Investigations were made into all aspects of the mishap, but the investigators missed the real cause: Society’s acceptance of prizefighting as a perfectly proper form of enterprise and entertainment to cater to some people’s thirst for blood.2. TranslationA. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.1. 电视转播了那个初出茅庐的新闻记者成功地采访好莱坞电影明星的节目。
新编英语教程unit7
新编英语教程unit71. Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. would have studied2. The team can handle whatever ______.A. that needs handlingB. which needs handlingC. it needs handlingD. needs to be handled3. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ______ going to agree upon anything today.A. neither you nor I areB. neither you nor me amC. neither you nor I amD. neither me nor you are4.. Be careful with those wine glasses — they're very ______.A. delicateB. lightC. brokenD. decorated5.It will take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station, ______ traffic delays.A. acknowledgingB. affordingC. allowing forD. accounting for6. Jack ______ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed7. In short, the investigators looked_______ every possible cause except the real one.A. intoB. inC. toD. on8. We walked around the bedrooms, ______ occupants pretended to be asleep.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. where9. There is nothing you can do about this, so you _____ get used to it.A. as wellB. just as wellC. may as wellD. can just as well10. If he were in a new position then he might be forced to work harder, but _____ he is quite comfortable with the current situation.A. as it wasB. as it wereC. as it will beD. as it is11. Change doesn’t happen without your voice ______.A. heardB. be heardC. hearingD. being heard12. There is no knowledge ____ comes through practice.A. thatB. whichC. butD. what13._______ I saw the machine, I could not imagine how efficiently it works.A. Besides thatB. ExceptC. But thatD. For14.You can't be _______ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A. veryB. quiteC. tooD. so15. Partly because of his influence in politics, Ronald is a man _______ you will be glad to be acquainted.A. to whomB. with whoC. in whomD. with whom16. More than one pilot _______ killed in the air raid and agood many _______ heavily injured.A. was; wasB. were; wasC. was; wereD. were; were17. I am still not quite convinced that he _______ so much money in such a short time.A. should have raisedB. would have raisedC. may have raisedD. can have raised18. In any event, it is futile to investigate the referee’s role and seek to determine whether he _________ to stop the fight earlier.A. should have intervenedB. could have intervenedC. might have intervenedD. must have intervened19. We must have knowledge not only of _______ the properties of material are and mean, but also of how these properties are determined.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what20. Tom and Mary are _______ engaged.A. as good asB. as well asC. as opposed toD. as much。
大学一年级新编英语教程unit7
Unit 7
LSP
9. You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 10. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind. A. it marked B. marking C. marked D. to mark 11. It was getting dark; I found a car _____ in a pool by the side of the road. A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick 12. You can‟t imagine what great trouble they have _____ the problem _____. A. to solve; being talked about B. solving; discussing C. to solve; to talk about D. solving; being discussed
Follow up activity
Unit 7
LSP
>> 非限定（non-finite）动词（非谓语动词）
英语动词有限定（finite）和非限定（non-finite）两类。
1. 限定动词：句子中的谓语动词（predicative verb）是限 定的；限定动词受人称（person）和数目（number）的限 制。此外，还有时态（tense ）、语态（voice）和情态 （mood）等。E.g.
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A great many people have come up to me and asked me how I manage to get somuch work done and still keep looking so dissipated. Hundreds of thousands of people throughout the country are wondering how I have time to do all mypainting, engineering, writing and philanthropic work when, according to therotogravure sections and society notes, I spend all my time riding to hounds, going to fancy-dress balls disguised as Louis XIV, or spelling outGREETINGS TO CALIFORNIA in formation with three thousand Los Angeles schoolchildren. "All work and all play," they say.The secret of my incredible energy and efficiency in getting work done is asimple one. I have based it very deliberately on a well-known psychologicalprinciple and have refined it so that it is now almost too refined. I shall have to begin coarsening it up again pretty soon.The psychological principle is this: anyone can do any amount of work, provided it isn't the work he is supposed to be doing at that moment.Let us see how this works out in practice. Let us say that I have five things which have to be done before the end of the week: (1) a basketful ofletters to be answered, some of them dating from October, 1928 (2) some bookshelves to be put up and arranged with books (3) a hair-cut to get (4) apile of scientific magazines to go through and clip (I am collecting all references to tropical fish that I can find, with the idea of someday buyingmyself one) and (5) an article to write for this paper.Now. With these five tasks staring me in the face on Monday morning, it islittle wonder that I go right back to bed as soon as I have had breakfast, in order to store up health and strength for the almost superhuman expenditure of energy that is to come. Mens sana in corpore sano is my motto.As I lie in bed on Monday morning storing up strength, I make out a schedule. "What do I have to do first?" I ask myself. Well, those lettersreally should be answered and the pile of scientific magazines should be clipped. And here is where my secret process comes in. Instead of putting them first on the list, I put them last. I say: "First you must write that article for the newspaper." I sometimes go so far in this self-deception asto make out a list in pencil, with "No. 1. Newspaper article" underlined inred. (The underlining in red is rather difficult, as there is never a red pencil on the table beside the bed, unless I have taken one to bed with meon Sunday night.)I then seat myself at my desk with my typewriter before me and sharpen fivepencils. (The sharp pencils are for poking holes in the desk-blotter, and apencil has to be pretty sharp to do that. I find that I can't get more thansix holes out of one pencil.) Following this I say to myself "Now, old man!Get at this article!"Gradually the scheme begins to work. My eye catches the pile of magazines, which I have artfully placed on a near-by table beforehand. I write my nameand address at the top of the sheet of paper in the typewriter and then sinkback. The magazines being within reach, I look to see if anyone is watching me and get one off the top of the pile. Hello, what's this! In the very first one is an article by Dr. William Beebe, illustrated by horrifying photographs! Pushing my chair away from my desk, I am soon hard at work clipping.One of the interesting things about the Argyopelius, or "Silver Hatchet" fish, I find, is that it has eyes in its wrists. I would have been sufficiently surprised just to find out that a fish had wrists, but to learnthat it has eyes in them is a discovery so astounding that I am hardly ableto cut out the picture.Thus, before the afternoon is half over, I have gone through the scientific magazines and have a neat pile of clippings (including one of a Viper Fishwhich I wish you could see. You would die laughing). Then it is back to thegrind of the newspaper article.This time I get as far as the title, which I write down with considerable satisfaction until I find that I have misspelled one word terribly, so thatthe whole sheet of paper has to come out and a fresh one be inserted. As Iam doing this, my eye catches the basket of letters.Now, if there is one thing that I hate to do (and there is, you may be sure)it is to write letters. But somehow, with the magazine article before me waiting to be done, I am seized with an epistolary fervor, and I slyly sneakthe first of the unanswered letters out of the basket. I figure out in mymind that I will get more into the swing of writing the article if I practice on a few letters.This first one, anyway, I really must answer. True, it is from a friend inAntwerp asking me to look him up when I am in Europe in the summer of 1929, so he can't actually be watching the incoming boats for an answer, but I owesomething to politeness after all. So instead of putting a fresh sheet ofcopy-paper into the typewriter, I slip in one of my handsome bits of personal stationery and dash off a note to my friend in Antwerp. Then, beingwell in the letter-writing mood, I clean up the entire batch.I feel a little guilty about the article, but the pile of freshly stamped envelopes and the bundle of clippings on tropical fish do much to salve myconscience. Tomorrow I will do the article, and no fooling this time.When tomorrow comes I am up with one of the older and more sluggish larks. Afresh sheet of copy-paper in the machine, and my name and address neatly printed at the top, and all before eleven A.M.! "A human dynamo" is the nameI think up for myself. I have decided to write something aboutsnake-charming and am already more than satisfied with the title "These Snake-Charming People." But, in order to write about snake-charming, one hasto know a little about its history, and where should one go to find history but to a book? Maybe in that pile of books in the corner is one on snake-charming!So, with a perfectly clear conscience, I leave my desk for a few minutes andbegin glancing over the titles. Of course, it is difficult to find any book, much less one on snake-charming, in a pile which has been standing inthe corner for weeks. What really is needed is for them to be on a shelf where their titles will be visible at a glance. And there is the shelf, standing beside the pile of books! It seems almost like a divine command: "If you want to finish that article, first put up the shelf and arrange thebooks on it!" Nothing could be clearer or more logical.In order to put up the shelf, the laws of physics have decreed that there must be nails, a hammer and some sort of brackets. You can't just wet a shelf with your tongue and stick it up. And, as there are no nails or brackets in the house, the next thing to do is to put on my hat and go outto buy them. Much as it disturbs me to put off the actual start of the article, I feel that I am doing only what is in the line of duty. As I puton my hat, I realize to my chagrin that I need a hair-cut badly. I can killtwo birds with one stone, and stop in at the barber's on the way back. Iwill feel all the more like writing after a turn in the fresh air. Any doctor would tell me that.So in a few hours I return, spick and span and smelling of lilac, bearing nails, brackets, the evening papers and some crackers and peanut butter. Then it's ho! for a quick snack and a glance through the papers (there might be something in them which would alter what I was going to write about snake-charming) and in no time at all the shelf is up, slightly crooked but up, and the books are arranged in a neat row. There does not happen to be one on snake-charming, but there is a very interesting one containing some Hogarth prints which will bear closer inspection.And so, you see, in two days I have done four of the things I had to do,simply by making believe that it was the fifth that I must do. And the nextday, I fix up something else, like taking down the bookshelf and putting itsomewhere else, that I have to do, and then I get the fifth one done.The only trouble is that, at this rate, I will soon run out of things to do,and will be forced to get at my newspaper articles the first thing Monday morning.。