定语从句考点讲解
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定语从句考点讲解
作者：董桂萍
来源：《新课程·教师》2014年第06期
一、从整体看
1.定义：在主从复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。
2.位置：通常在先行词之后。
3.引导词：关系词。
4.关系词的作用：代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分。
5.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
二、从局部看
1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句只需掌握两点：
（1）有逗号的为非限制性，无逗号的为限制性。
（2）非限制性定语从句引导词不能用that（通俗地说就是逗号后不用that）。
2.关于关系词及其成分。
关系代词：
指人：that（主语，宾语），who（主语，宾语），whom（宾语），whose（定语）
指物：that（主语，宾语），which（主语，宾语），whose（定语）
关系副词：when（时间状语），where（地点状语），why（原因状语）
3.关于关系词的选择。
（1）看定语从句中主语和宾语是否齐全，齐全用关系副词，用什么关系副词看先行词。
e.g.I will never forget the days when I stayed with you.
Do you remember the lake where you first met your girlfriend？
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Please give me the reason why you made such great progress.
（2）若定语从句中缺宾语，先确定从句谓语动词是否及物，如是用关系代词，不是用关
系副词。
e.g.Yesterday we went to visit the house where the great writer used to live.
The house that/which they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
（3）若定语从句是被动结构，只需找主语即可，有主语，用关系副词，反之用关系代
词。
e.g.October1st is the day when new China was founded.
The meeting which/that will be held next week is very important.
4.关于介词+关系代词引导定语从句。
（1）注意介词后只能用which，whom，whose（不常见）。
（2）选择介词时注意固定搭配和表达习惯。
e.g.This is the book from which I learned a lot.
I still remember the year in which I joined the army.
（3）whose+n.=the+n.+of which/whom或of which/whom+the+n.
e.g.They live in the house whose windows face south.
=They live in the house the windows of which face south.
（4）关系副词可用适当的介词+关系代词来替代。
when=in/on/at...+which， where=in/on/at...+which，why=for+which
e.g.I won’t forget the date when（ on which） I was born.
This is the room where （in which） I lived. = This is the room which I lived in.
（注：介词的位置可以变动，关系代词前或谓语动词后）
5.关于as引导的定语从句。
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（1）限制性定语从句。
用于固定结构the same...as， so/such...as
e.g. He is so good a teacher as everyone likes.
注意区分：
He is so good a teacher that everyone likes him. （不缺成分，故用that引导结果状语从句）
（2）非限制性定语从句。
as引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分，可以放在句首、句中或句末，
常用于固定结构中，译为“正如”。
As is known to all， As was expected， As we can see...
6.非限制性定语从句与单句的比较（注意标点符号）
e.g. He failed in the exam. It made his parents angry.
He failed in the exam，which made his parents angry.
7.定语从句中只用that不用which的情况
（1）先行词为all，everything，something，anything，nothing，few， little， much或先行
词被all，every，any，no，little，much等修饰时
e.g.All that should be done has been done.
You can take any book that you like.
（2）先行词为最高级，序数词或先行词被最高级，序数词，the only， the very， the right
等修饰时
e.g.It is the very watch that I lost yesterday.
（3）先行词既指人又指物时
e.g.They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school.
（4）主句是以which，who等开头的疑问句时
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e.g. Which is the bike that you lost？
编辑 王团兰
英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结
英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于英语学习者来说至关重要。
本文将对英语定语从句的考点进行重点总结和归纳。
一、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词：关系代词常用于引导定语从句，包括that，which，who，whom，whose等。
2.关系副词：关系副词也可以引导定语从句，主要包括when，where，why等。
二、定语从句的作用和位置定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词，它可以紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后，也可以放在句子的末尾。
如果定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后，通常用关系代词来引导；如果放在句子末尾，则用关系代词或关系副词来引导。
三、定语从句的几种类型分析1.限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句是定语从句的一种常见形式，它对被修饰的名词起到了限定和具体化的作用，去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整。
关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在从句中修饰时间、地点或原因。
2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句是用来对被修饰的名词进行补充说明或者陈述一些额外信息的。
非限定性定语从句通常用逗号或者破折号与主句隔开，去掉定语从句对整个句子的意思没有太大影响。
四、定语从句的连接词使用注意事项1.关系代词that和which的区别：that通常用来引导限定性定语从句，which则常用于非限定性定语从句。
2.关系代词who和whom的区别：who用来引导指人的定语从句，并在从句中担任主语或者宾语；whom通常用于非限定性定语从句，担任宾语。
3.关系代词whose的用法：whose用来引导定语从句，表示所属关系。
5.关系副词when，where和why的用法：when用来表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因。
五、定语从句的注意事项1.省略关系词：当关系从句中作主语、宾语或者介词宾语时，关系词（常用的是that或which）可以省略。
高考英语——定语从句考点
6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
1.that与which的选用；that与where/when的选用 把握命题规律：定语从句可以说是各 2.“介词+which/whom”结构中介词的选用； 高考必然首先考虑的重要考点，在题目 3.“介词+which”与when/where间的区别与联系； 计的过程中，常以“介词+关系代词” 4.which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别； 导的定语从句为热点，以非限制性定语 5.“不定代词/数词+of which/whom”与“不定代词 句为重点，以关系副词where引导的定 词+of them” 的选用；Whose 用法及转换形式
that用法真有趣， 两个地方它不去； 逗号后边它不去， 介词之后不考虑；
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprise everybody in the office.
A.which
B that
C this
D.it
2. The day ____ he was born was Aug .20, 1952. A.on which B that C which D.this
= He lives in the room, the window of which
faces south. = He lives in the room,of which the window faces south.
考点四：as与which引导非限制性定从
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互 换，主要从四个方面区别：所处位置，逻辑 系，所用动词，as的含义 但下列情况多用as。 2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有 “正如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 1. 所处位置，2. 逻辑意义 3.词义 4. 所用动 词
[全]中考英语语法全考点详解：定语从句
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中考英语语法全考点详解：定语从句定语从句概述1定语从句的概念和位置在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句通常位于被修饰词（即先行词）之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢我能随着跳舞的音乐。
This is the teaching building which was built last year. 这就是去年建成的教学楼。
Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.卡门喜欢演奏不同种类的乐曲的音乐家。
2先行词和关系词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
指代先行词，放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句的某一成分（主语、宾语、表语、状语等）的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that，who，whom，whose，which等；关系副词有when，where，why等。
The man who wears glasses is my father.（who是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语）戴眼镜的那个人是我爸爸。
You must do everything that I do.（that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语）我做的每件事你必须都做。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.（where是关系副词，在定语从句中作状语）这是我两年前住过的房子。
注意关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当句子成分，因此定语从句中不能再重复出现相当于先行词的词。
This is the pen that you are looking for. （√）This is the pen that you are looking for the pen. （×）这就是你一直在找的那支钢笔。
定语从句高考点例析
3,单个介词+关系代词(which, whose)+名词 介词要依介词与关系代词后的名词的搭配习惯而定
考点三：介词+关系代词
**** “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、 分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person D ____________ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least D a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which
考点一：that和which
以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much， all，anything，nothing。 e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用 that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
高中定语从句专题讲解
高中定语从句专题讲解一、高考考点：一）关系代词的用法1．Happiness and success often come to those___are good at recognizing their own strengths.A．whom B．who C．what D．which2．Finally he reached a lonely island___was completely cut off from the outside world.A．when B．where C．which D．whom3．The old town has narrow streets and small houses_____ are built close to each other.A．they B．where C．what D．that二）关系副词的用法4．Many countries are now setting up national parks__animals and plants can be protected.A．when B．which C．whose D．where5．The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform________visitors can watch the b ig glasshouses being built.A．what B．where C．when D．why6．Between the two parts of the concert is an interval，________the audience can buy icecream.A．when B．where C．that D．which三）“介词＋关系代词”的用法7．The children，________had played the whole day long，were worn out.A．all of what B．all of which C．all of them D．all of whom 8．She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction____had taken more than three years.A．for which B．with which C．of which D．to which 四）as与which的用法9．“You can’t judge a book by its cover，” ________.A．as the saying goes old B．goes as the old sayingC．as the old saying goes D．goes as old the saying10．We have launched another manmade satellite，___is announced in today’s newspaper.A．that B．which C．who D．what11. There is no simple answer，________is often the case in science.A．as B．that C．when D．where五）分隔式/分离式/干扰式定语从句12．The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A．where B．which C．what D．when13．Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature，________，for some reason，had withdrawn from all human society.A．which B．who C．where D．whom14．The days are gone________physical strength was all you needed to make aliving.A．when B．that C．where D．which二、知识点框架1．定语从句中关系词的选择应该遵循“缺什么，补什么”的原则。
【高考】英语语法一轮复习定语从句讲解ppt课件
The house
the window of which is broken
is mine.
of which the window is broken
两点补充
1.不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时,用that引导定语 从句，而that通常省掉。
He is no longer the man (that)he was.
we spent on the farm?
2. Do you remember the day ____w_h_e_n_____ we
承担责任，伴随着获得回报的权利，同时也是履行自己应尽的义务。
first arrived here? 7.淮河的水污染,云贵高原的石漠化现象,红壤的治理,严重的酸雨问题
He is one of the students who study very hard at school. He is the(only/the only) one of the students who studies very hard at school
难点一：as的用法
as引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和the same…as，such…as，as…as的结构中。 1. as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句， 并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语。
牛津高中英语
Grammar and usage
Overview of attributive clauses
Advance with English
(模块九 ·高三上学期)
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关 系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫 定语从句。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
英语：《语法讲解-定语从句》课件
定语从句
知识准备
什么是定语 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 This is a big room. The windows of the room are open. This is the bike that I bought yesterd a flower basket. This is a basket full of flowers.
有that 作宾语 时可以 省略 无that 不可以 省略
非限定 起补充说明作 修饰先 有逗 性定语 用。若省略， 行词 / 号与 从句 主句
原句意义不受 整个句 隔开 影响。 子
三、关系词在句中成分
指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( 主语 ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( 定语 ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( 宾语 )
一、定语从句基本结构
He was holding onto a tree that grew against the wall. 主句: He was holding onto a tree. 从句：A tree grew against the wall.
名词/代词(先行词） + 定语从句
关系词引导定语从句，同时在意义上指代先行词在定语从句中 充当某个成分，先行词在定语从句中不再出现,也不用其他词代替。
This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
定语从句的用法归纳
定语从句的用法归纳定语从句的用法归纳你知道在英语中的定语从句是什么吗，那它的用法又是什么呢？以下是店铺为大家整理的定语从句的用法归纳，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家。
一. 定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。
eg: 其中划线部分为定语从句。
二. 分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。
(限制性定语从句)(非限制性定语从句)( 间隔性定语从句)注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用;而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。
三. 构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。
先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。
引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。
eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other四.基本原则定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词与book指同一物，所以要去掉。
)五.定语从句中常见考点：考点一.关系代词和关系副词的.辨别1. 关系代词that(人、物)，which(物)、who(m)(人)、whose(某人的，某物的)、as2. 关系副词when(表时间)、where(表地点)、why(表原因)注：关系副词可变为“介词+关系代词”结构(即：关系副词=介词+关系代词)。
eg:This is the mountain village where(=in which)I stayed last month.3. 怎样选择正确的关系代词或关系副词方法一：找出先行词和定语从句中动词，看定从中动词与先行词能否构成习惯搭配。
初三定语从句讲解
初三定语从句讲解三、定语从句复习概要?1．在复合句(包括主句和从句)中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
如：???Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables．住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的。
???YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo．你必须做我所做的一切。
?2．由that，which，who(whom)或表语。
通常which指事物，who指人(有所区别：???A.定语从句须用that引导的情况：???(1)先行词是all，much，little，构成的复合不定代词。
如：Allthatisworthdoingshouldbedonewell???ThereislittlemoneythatIcanspendonbooks感兴趣。
???(2)等词修饰时。
如：她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察。
???(3)．化学教师上的第一课我们ThisisthefirsttripthatIhavemadeinmylife.这是我有生以来第一次出行。
???(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
如：ThemostdifficultproblemthatImetwithishowtogetenoughmoneytobuythesebooks.我遇到的最困难的问题就是怎样得到足够多的钱把这些书买下来。
ThisisthebestdictionarythatI’veeverbought.这是我所买的最好的字典。
Thisisthebiggestlabthatwehaveeverbuiltinourschool.这是我们学校已经兴建的最大的实验室。
(5)先行词同时包含人和事物时。
如：Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthethingsthatwerememberedintheschoolforhalfanhour.我们谈论了半小时我们所记得的学校里的人和事。