高中定语从句详细讲解精编版
高中英语:定语从句专项讲解

高中英语:定语从句专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳:定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句2.关系副词引导的定语从句3.判断关系代词与关系副词4.限制性和非限制性定语从句5.介词+关系词6.as, which 非限定性定语从句7.关系代词that 的用法一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1、who, whom, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who/that whom/that(可省略) whose指物which/that which/that(可省略) whose指人和物that that whose非限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who whom whose/of whom指物which which whose/of which特殊情况:只能用that的情况,先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;先行词有人又有物时;当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
不能用that的情况介词前置时;非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who,不用that的情况。
先行词为anyone,one,ones时;先行词为those,he和people时;这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom),that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。
高中定语从句讲义(精编)

定语(一)定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
(定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当,也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
)2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:特别提示:①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中,关系代词起着代词和连词的作用,关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中,关系词代替先行词,因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的:This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)(二)关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语, 不可省略。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩②Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人③Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.④That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
(完整版)定语从句讲解

1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。
完整)高中定语从句详细讲解

完整)高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,而引导定语从句的词叫关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等;关系副词有when。
where。
why等。
关系词通常有三个作用:引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如,句子“The man who is XXX.”中,“who”是引导定语从句的关系代词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
因此,定语从句的作用是修饰先行词the man,进一步说明他是一位警察。
关系代词中,who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如,“XXX Class One.”表示正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
例如,“Mr Liu is theperson ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.”表示XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
总之,定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,掌握好定语从句的用法和关系词的选择,对于提高英语语言水平和应试能力都有很大的帮助。
The professor you were waiting for has arrived。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our class monitor.The man you just met is my old friend.XXX is a sport that most boys like。
The computer XXX.XXX。
The house by the XXX.This is the pen he XXX。
The movie they watched last night was not XXX.The number of people who visit this city each year reaches one n.Where is the man I saw this morning?The XXX me to is very kind.Summer is the season that comes after spring.XXX。
高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解一.基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用):﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型:﹙1﹚限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.ineedapenwithwhichicanwritealetter.=ineedapieceofpaperonwhichicanwritealetter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。
例如:theman(who/whom/that)italkedaboutatthemeetingisfromb eijinguniversity.=themanaboutwhomitalkedatthemeetingisfrombeijingunive rsity.thepalace(which/that)ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcen tury.=thepalacetowhichioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常紧跟在先行词之后。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的词,而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等;关系副词有when。
where。
why 等。
关系词有三个作用:引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:The man who is XXX。
这句话中,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:XXX are from Class One。
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。
想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the XXX。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
例如:Mr。
Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。
XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
XXX正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。
She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。
【讲解】高中英语--定语从句专题讲解(详细)
定语从句
知识导图
引入
Mary is a girl who is happy.
概念
定语从句:在复合句中起形容词作用,作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词:连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词。
注意:
关系词指代先行词,并在句子起连接作用,连接主句和从句,同时又在定语从句中充当成分(主、宾、表、状等)关系词根据其在从句中所充当的成分可以分为:
关系代词:在从句中做主、宾、表、定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)
关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)
关系代词和关系副词用法
先行词关系代词从句中的成分例句备注
人who 主、宾、表This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
who在从句中做主语
whom在从句中做宾语,
口语中who可以代替whom,也可以被省去,。
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版定语从句一、根本概念:定:定从句:Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingjustnow? Thatisthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.引:关系关系代有:that,who,whom,whose,which;在从句中充当:关系副有:when,where,why.在从句充当:先行:定从句中引关系的作用:二、关系的用法:〔一〕关系代的用法:1.Heistheman livesnextdoor.Thetrain hasjustleftisforShenzhen.2.Theman________wehavejustseenisafamouswriter.Whereisthebook___________Iboughtlastweek?〔二〕关系副的用法:1.Istillrememberthetime________Ifirstbecameacollegestudent. Doyouknowthedate__________Lincolnwasborn?(三)使用关系副注意以下几点:1.三个关系副在意上都相当于一定的介when=on(in,at,during ⋯)+which;+which构:where=in(at,on ⋯)+which;why=forwhich.如:IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.2.领先行是表的 time,day等和表地点的place,house等,一定要注意分析从句的构,如果缺少主或,关系用which或that,缺少状或地点状,才能用 when或where,比:I’llneverforgettheday_________myhometownwasliberated.I’llneverforgettheda ys wespenttogetherlastsummer.Hisfatherworksinafactory____________radiopartsaremade.Hisfatherworksinafactory______________makesradioparts.三.限制性定从句与非限制性定从句1.限制性定从句Thisisthetelegramwhichherefersto.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?2.非限制性定从句ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.Asaboy,hewasalwaysmakingthings,mostofwhichwereelectric.引非限制性定从句的关系有who,whom,whose,which,when和where不可以用that和why。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解一、什么是定语从句?定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。
它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as, when, where等。
例句1:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.这本书是我从图书馆借来的,非常有趣。
例句2:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
例句3:I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the party.我不知道他为什么没来参加派对的原因。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系副词有:when, where, why, how等。
例句4:This is the school where I studied last year.这是我去年学习的学校。
例句5:I will never forget the day when we met for the first time.我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
四、关系代词和关系副词的用法区别1. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,而关系副词则在定语从句中充当状语。
例句6:The girl who/that is standing there is my sister.(关系代词作主语)站在那里的那个女孩是我的妹妹。
例句7:I still remember the day when/that we went on a trip together.(关系副词作状语)我仍然记得我们一起去旅行的那一天。
五、关系代词的省略1. 当定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语,并且在主句中有明确的宾语时,可以省略关系代词。
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高中定语从句详细讲解精编版-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN高中定语从句详细讲解(一)定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如:The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
(二)关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替,也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
4.That 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5.Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
注意:指物时,常用下列结构来代替:The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow(三)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。
We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。
The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
注意:1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。
如:look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (正) 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (误)2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用whom,不可用who,that;关系代词指物时只可用which,不可用that。
关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误) The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
如:He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母,他们俩待他都很好。
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果,有些已经坏了。
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 我们班总共有40个学生,大多数来自大城市。