英语伴随状态的用法

英语伴随状态的用法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

伴随状语的用法

伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生。它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。

伴随状语表示方法

一、使用分词形式（现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动）

The dog entered the room, following his master. (这条狗跟着主人进了屋) The master entered the room, followed by his dog.(主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗)

二、用 with 复合结构

1.with + 名词 + 形容词.表处于一种状态.

He often sleeps with windows open.他经常开着窗户睡觉.

2.with +名词 + 副词. There is a temple with no table in.

3.with +名词 + 介词短语.

The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm.

4.with + 名词 + 现在分词.这种结构表动作的主动和进行态.

The old woman left the house with water running all the time.

5.with + 名词 + 过去分词,这种结构表被动和完成.

The thief was taken to the police station with his hands tied to his back.

6.with + 名词 + 不定式,这种结构表动作的将来式.

The manager has been busy these days with a lot of work to do.

三、用独立主格结构

概念：有时一个名词/代词 + 一个其他结构,在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句或并列句，人们通常称这种结构为独立主格或独立结构。

1、时间状语：相当于一个时间状语从句。

Meeting over, everyone tried to do something for the project.

Spring coming, the flowers are coming out.

The problem settled, everyone was filled with joy.

2、原因状语：相当于一个原因状语从句。

John (being) away, Tom had to do the work on his own.

It being dark, they had to walk with the torches on.

There being no bus, they had no choice but to take a taxi.

3、条件状语：相当于一个条件状语从句。

Weather permitting, we’ll have a picnic this Sun day.

Enough time given, we’ll do the job better.

4、方式状语：相当于一个并列句。

He was watching TV, his mouth half open.

He fell to the ground, blood coming down his nose.

The policeman entered the dark room, gun in hand.

The old man sat down, his face pale with pain.

四、用形容词

Crusoe went home, full of fear(克鲁索满怀恐惧地回家)。

Confident of the victory the players are fighting hard(运动员们对比赛夺胜满怀信心奋力拼搏)。

The match will be broadcast live(这场比赛将作实况转播)。

He left home young and came back old(他少小离家老大回)。

五、用名词

He went away a beggar but retuned a millionaire(他讨吃要饭离家，腰缠万贯回归)。

He who had been twice prime minister of the country, died civilian(他曾两度出任这个国家的总理，而死的时候却是一个平民)。

六、用介词短语

The girl came back to her mother in tears.(这女孩眼泪汪汪地回到母亲身边)。

How can you go to the wedding party in rags(你怎能衣衫褴褛地去参加婚宴)

I went home out of breath(我上气不接下气地回家)。