新视野大学英语第三版第一册unit1单词解释

Section A

Text A Toward a brighter future for all

Words and phrase

1. achievement: n. something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:

e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.

2. triumph: n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利

e.g. shouts of triumph

great achievement or success 成功

one of the triumphs of modern science

v. ~ (over sb/sth): be successful or victorious

e.g. triumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.

3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc);

give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）;

以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:

e.g. pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王

be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.

~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth): promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause,

etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等

e.g. The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承

诺赈济饥民.

leave (sth) with sb as a pledge: 典当（某物）

e.g. He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.

(fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的

健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒:

e.g. pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）

4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报

的

e.g. Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very

rewarding experience.

Antonym: unrewarding

Synonym: satisfying

5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思

e.g. We have to run as fast as possible.

Can you say it as loudly as possible?

I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.

We need as many apples as possible.

You must come back as soon as possible.

6. remind v

~ sb to do sth: inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒:

e.g. Do I have to remind you yet again?

Remind me to answer that letter.

~ sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:

e.g He reminds me of his brother.

This song reminds me of France.

reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西

e.g. The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn’t quite finished.

The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was

time to leave.

7. pose v

(a) [I, Ipr] ~ (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or

photographed 摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:

e.g. He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势. *

(b) [Tn] put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）

摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:

e.g. The artist posed his model carefully. 那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.

(c) (derog 贬) behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔作势:

e.g. Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦, 告诉我们你的真实想法吧.

pose n

1) position in which a person poses or is posed (pose 1b) （为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势,

姿态:

e.g. She adopted an elegant pose. 她摆了一个优美的姿势.

2) (derog 贬) unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动:

e.g. His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.

8. routine n [C, U] fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规:

e.g. She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.

do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事

[attrib 作定语] routine tasks, chores, duties, etc 日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责. [C] set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的

成套动作:

e.g. go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作.

routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的; 惯例的; 例行的:

e.g. the routine procedure 例行手续*

routine maintenance 定期的保养*

routinely adv.

9. attain v [Tn] succeed in getting (sth); achieve

e.g. attain a position of power 获得权位

attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etc

attain our target of 50000 达到我们的50000英镑的目标.

attainable adj that can be attained

e.g. These objectives are certainly attainable.

attainment n [U] success in reaching 达到; 到达:

e.g. The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.

[C usu pl] thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣:

e.g. a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.

10. finished adj [pred] (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth.

~ (with sb/sth) (infml)

e.g. I won't be finished for another hour. 我还有一个小时才能完事.

Are you finished with my tools yet? 我的工具你用完了吗？

She decided she was finished with working for others. 她决定不再为别人做事.

11. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilities

e.g. She might have changed her mind and decided not to come.

12. foundation n

[U] act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) 建立, 创立, 创办:

e.g. the foundation of the university

[C] (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研

究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金, 基金会:

e.g. You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.

[C usu pl] layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基; 房基; 基础:

e.g. lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基

[C, U] principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实; 基础:

e.g. lay the foundations of one's career 奠定个人事业的基础*

That rumor has no foundation. 那谣言没有事实根据.

13. unlike 1) adj. [pred 作表语] dissimilar; different

e.g. They are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.

2) prep. different from (sth); not like 与（某事物）不同; 不像...:

e.g. Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.

14. resource n

[C usu pl] supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 资源:

e.g. rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的﹑矿产的﹑农业的...

资源丰富

] (fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 机敏; 创造精神:

e.g. a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子.

15. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read and

studied a lot 有学问的；博学的

e.g. My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.

16. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关

心他人的；乐于助人的

e.g. The school provides a caring environment for students. 学校为学生提供了充满

关怀的环境。

17. faculty [C usually plural] a natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc:

e.g. the faculty of sight 视力

the mental faculties 智力

[C] ~ of/for doing sth a special ability to do a particular thing做某事物的特殊才能:

e.g. have a great faculty for learning languages 有学习语言的才能.

She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.

(AmE) all the teachers of a particular university or college 大学的全体教员.

faculty members

18. facility n

[U, sing] ability to learn or do things easily 容易学好或做好事物的能力:

e.g. have (a) great facility for (learning) languages 有（学习）语言的天才

He plays the piano with surprising facility. 他弹奏钢琴神乎其技.

facilities [pl] circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth; aids 能够或易於做某事的环境﹑设备等; 辅助物: `

e.g sports facilities 运动设施

facilities for study有助学习的设施

medical facilities

19. community 1) n. [sing] the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole 社区; 团体; 集体; 社会:

e.g work for the good of the community 为集体利益服务

community service 社会服务工作

2) n. group of people of the same religion, race, occupation, etc, or with

shared interests 宗教信仰﹑种族职业等方面相同的人构成的集体:

e.g. the Chinese community in Paris 在巴黎的华侨团体

a community of monks 僧侣团体.

20. get by (on sth) manage to live, survive, etc (using the specified resources); manage; cope （靠某物）勉强维生; 设法维持; 对付:

e.g How does she get by on such a small salary?

He gets by on very little money.

21. on: prep.

1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠…生存

e.g. Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish. 这个人以山洞为住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。

2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠…运行

e.g Why can’t we make a car that runs on water? 我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的

汽车呢？

22. fascinating adj extremely interesting:

e.g. The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.

23. pursue: v. 1) follow (sb/sth), esp in order to catch or kill; chase

e.g. pursue a wild animal, a thief

2) (continue to) be occupied or busy with (sth); go on with 进行

e.g. She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.

I have decided not to pursue (ie investigate) the matter any further.

24. reap: v. to cut and collect a crop, especially corn, from a field

e.g. Sow the wind and, reap the whirlwind (saying ) 播种的是风, 收割的是暴风

start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences that are serious or disastrous 原无大害的事,後果却不堪设想.

(fig ) receive (sth) as a result of one's own or others' actions 获得

e.g. reap the reward of years of study 从多年研究中获得报偿

25.overwhelm v

(a) [Tn usu passive] cover (sth/sb) completely by flowing over or pouring down on it/him

（以浇或灌的方式）淹没

e.g. A great mass of water overwhelmed the village. 大水淹没了村庄.

(fig ) be overwhelmed with grief, sorrow, despair, etc 陷入悲哀﹑悲痛﹑绝望等之中

e.g. (fig ) Overwhelmed with gratitude 感激万分

(b) overpower (sb/sth), esp by force of numbers; defeat 压倒, 制服（以数量胜）; 击败:

e.g. be overwhelmed by the enemy

overwhelming adj [attrib] too great to resist or overcome; very great 压倒一切的无法抗拒的; 巨大的:

e.g. an overwhelming urge to smoke 不可遏止的吸烟冲动

an overwhelming victory 极大的胜利

the overwhelming majority of people 压倒性多数.

26.wealth n [U] (possession of a) large amount of money, property, etc; riches财富

e.g. Wealth had not brought them happiness.

[sing] ~ of sth large amount or number of sth; abundance of sth 大量, 众多,