中考英语复习教学案语法专项名词
中考英语复习教学案语
法专项名词
文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
第一部分语法专项
一、名词
【考纲分析】
1. 中考考纲 : (1) 可数名词及其单复数; (2) 不可数名词; (3) 专有名词 (4) 名词所有格
2. 近5年中考名词的考点及分值分布
【自主学习】
一、把下列名词分类，并说明基本用法
bag, news, weather, music, apple, job, work, student, rice,
bread, juice, game, house, English, meal, money, monkey, salt,
grass, advice, week, beef, information, idea, sheep
不可数名词有：
不可数名词的基本用法：没有__________ 形式，不可以与
____________ 连用。
可数名词有：
可数名词的基本用法：有__________ 形式，可以与____________ 连
用。
二、写出下列名词的复数形式：
1．clock __ map 2. brush watch 3． piano tomato __ 4．factory
monkey
5．knife leaf 6．man
German
7. Chinese sheep 8. child
foot __
三、把下列短语译成英语
1. 三杯牛奶
2. 一块面包
3. 许多建议
4.许多德国人
5.
六个男学生 6. 五个女老师
7.LiLei的帽子 8. 学生们的桌子 9. 妇女节
10. 教师节 11.儿童节 12. Lucy 和Lily共有
的单车
13 Lucy 和Tom各自的单车 14. 8天的假期 /
____________
答案：
一、略
二、1.clocks , maps 2. brushes, watches 3. pianos, tomatoes
4. factories, monkeys
5. knives, leaves
6. men , Germans
7. Chinese, sheep
8. children, feet
三、1. three cups of milk 2. a piece of bread 3. much/ a lot of / lots of advice
4. many Germans
5. six boy students
6. five women teachers
7. Lilei’s hat 8. students’ desks 9. Women’s Day.
10. Teachers’Day. 11. Children’s Day 12. Lucy and Lily’s bike
13. Lucy’s and Tom’s bikes 14. eight days’ holiday
/ an eight-day holiday
【教师点拨】
一、基本用法
(1)可数名词后可以加-s或-es构成复数形式，用于表达超过“一个”的数的概念。
(2)只与可数名词复数连用的单词：few(几乎没有)，a few(一些), many/a great many(许多)
(3)既能与可数名词连用也能与不可数名词连用的单词：some, any,
a lot of/lots of, plenty of。例如：
There is some/a lot of milk in the bottle.
There are some/a lot of flowers in the garden.
二、名词单复数规则变化
( ) 1. When Peter comes， please ask him to leave a .
A. notice
B. message
C. sentence D .information
( )2 .If you work harder, you'll have another to play
the violin at a concert.
A. sleep
B. chance
C. mistake
D. problem
( )3.—Lily, could you please pass me the I want to
cut the apple.
—Sure, here you are.
A. pen
B. pencil
C. book
D. knife
( )4. . Eating more and is good for our health .
A. vegetables, tomatoes
B. meat, fish
C. vegetable, potatoes
D. photos, tomatoes
( )5.—What a good you've given me！ Thanks a lot.
—My pleasure. A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice
考点2：不可数名词
一、基本用法
(1) 不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an或具体数字连用，但特
指某物时可以与定冠
词the连用。
(2) 要表示一定的数量时，常与 a cup of, a bottle of, a piece of 等量词连用，如a cup of tea
一杯茶； two bottles of water两瓶水
注意：区别two boxes of chalk与two boxes of apples。
(3) 只能修饰不可数名词的词有：a little(一点)，little(几乎没有)，much/a great deal of(许
多)
(4) 常考的不可数名词有：
food，drink (饮料), orange（橙汁），milk，rice，bread， meat（肉）， chicken
（鸡肉）， pork（猪肉）， beef（牛肉），work， homework，news（新闻） advice
（建议）， information（信息）， weather（天气）， Chinese （汉语）， knowledge（知
识）等
【课堂检测】
( )1. —After P.E.， I often feel very thirsty.
—Why not buy some to drink
A. bread
B. noodles
C. apple juice
D. teas
( ) 2. .I want a sweet milk. Put some in my cup，please.
A. ice
B. soup
C. salt
D. sugar
( )3 . —Good morning, madam. Can I help you
—Sure, I’d like .
A. two cups of tea
B. three pieces of bread
C. one bowl of dumplings
D. a kilo of
oil
( ) 4. —Can I help you
—Yes. I want to get some ________ about the trip to America.
A. news
B. information
C. help
D. advice
( ) 5. Your mother cooks nice __________. I like it very much.
A. bread
B. beef
C. eggs
D. dumplings
考点3：名词所有格
在英语中，有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，
常在词尾加’s 表示所属关系，叫做名词的所有格。翻译成：“的”。如：Tom’s bike (汤姆的单车)
名词的所有格例词、例句
①直接在词尾加's.Kate's bag, Children's Day,
Women's Day
②以s结尾的名词所有格，在词
尾加 '
Teachers' Day, students' books
③表示两人共同拥有的人或物，
在后一个人名后加's Lucy and Lily's mother （共同的妈妈）
④表示两人分别拥有的人或物，
则两个人名后都要加's Tom's and Jim's rooms （各自的房间）
但是有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名
词，也可加's构成所有格：如： today's newspaper今天的报纸
eight days' holiday ＝an 8-day holiday八天的假期five
minutes' walk ＝ a five-minute walk 五分钟的步行路程
【课堂检测】
( )1.—How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha？
—It is a flight from Tianjin to Changsha.
A. 2-hour-long
B.2-hours-long
C.2 hours' long
D.2 hour long
( )2.—Is the schoolbag under the desk yours？
—No, it's my . He left it there just now.
A. brother
B. brother's
C. brothers'
D. brothers
()3. Mr. Black is a teacher of. She and her classmates like him very much.
A. my sister
B. my sister's
C. my sisters
D. my sisters'
( )4. —we’ll have__________ holiday. What about going to Shaoshan
—Good idea！
A. 3 days’
B. 3 day’s
C. a 3-days
D. 3-day
( )5. 1．A friend of my ____ and I are going to visit_______
next week.
A.father; Browns
B. father's; the Browns
C. father; the
Browns D. father's; Browns
【易混词辨析】
(1) sound，voice，noise
①sound “声音”，指耳朵能听到的各种声音。I heard the sound
of the bell.
② voice “声音”，主要指人的声音。She has a beautiful voice.
③ noise 指“噪音”。词组有：make a noise等。
练习：1.The made me feel annoyed. I want to be in a
quiet place.
2.The teacher said in a loud，“Please keep silent.”
3.At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but
the of the running water.
(2) job， work
① job “工作”，是可数名词。
②work “工作”，可以作名词或动词；作名词表示“工作”时是不可数
的；作名词表示“着作”时是可数的。
练习：1.He has lost three ， because he doesn't hard.
2.Do you want to late
We will have a for you as a waiter.
(3) a number of， the number of
① a number of 表示“大量的；许多”，谓语动词用复数。
如：A number of persons are playing chess.
② the number of 表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
如：The number of people in the room is 50.
练习：1. of foreign students are studying in this college.
2. of American students is over 30.
(4) idea， advice
① idea 表示“主意”，是可数名词。如：a good idea 一个好主意
② advice表示“建议；忠告”，是不可数名词。如：a piece of advice
练习：1. Can you give me some on how to learn English well？
2. He has got a good to deal with his old books.
(5) news， information， message， instruction
① news 表示“新闻；消息”，是不可数名词。如：two pieces of news
② information 表示“信息；资料”，侧重信息的价值，是不可数名词。如： some information
③ message 表示“消息；音信”，侧重信息的简短，是可数名词。
常用词组：leave a
message(留言)；give a message to…(捎口信给……)
④ instruction 表示“说明；须知；教导”，是可数名词。如：some instructions
练习：1.What bad ！ The school trip will be put off because of the sports meeting.
2.—I don't know how to use this machine. —It doesn't matter. Here is the .
3.Would you please give a to Li Lei
He is not at school.
4.Can you provide me with some about the trip？
(6) house， family， home
① house 表示“住宅”，指的是具体的房子或建筑物。
② family 表示“家；家庭”，也可指全体家庭成员。
③ home 意为“家”，带有眷恋等感情色彩。
练习：1.I bought a new in Zhongshan.
2.Tom has a big . There are six people in his .
3.She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second .
(7) 部分单词作可数名词和不可数名词时的含义不同：
room 房间(可数)；空间(不可数)。 glass玻璃杯(可数)；玻璃(不可数)。
orange橙子(可数)；橙汁(不可数)。 chicken小鸡(可数)；鸡肉(不可数)。
time 次数(可数)；时间(不可数)。
练习：1.—Oh！ There isn't enough for us in the bus.
—No hurry. Let's wait for the next.(room)
2. Mother wants to buy a piano in my ，but there is little in it. (room)
3.—How many have you been to Shanghai
—Never. I have no .(time)
4.These are made of .(glass)
5.There are some and two bottles of on the desk.(orange)
练习答案
(1)noise，voice，sound(2)jobs，work，work，job(3) A number，The number
(4) advice，idea(5) news，instruction，message，information (6)house，family，family，home(7)room，room，room，times，time，glasses，glass，oranges，orange
【课堂检测】
( )1. —Listen . Can you hear anything
—Yes, That’s the ______ of the running water
A. sound
B. voice
C. noise
D. shout ( )2. There are _________ foreign students in the university. _______ if it is 200
A. the number of ; a number of
B. a number of ; the number of
C. a number of ; a number of
D. the number of ; the number of
( )3. I found a new_______ in this city. I’m very busy and have a lot of ______ to do every day.
A. job, works
B. work , job
C. work , jobs
D.
job , work
( )4. —I don’t’ know how to study English. Can you give me some ________
— My ________ are speaking more and listening more.
A. ideas; advices
B. advices, suggestions
C. advice; suggestions
D. ideas ; suggestion
( )5. She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second .
A. home
B. family
C. house
D. room
( )6. I like eating _________, so my mother keeps some _________every day.
A. chickens; chicken
B. chicken; chickens
C. chickens ; chickens
D. chicken ; chicken 【中考回放】
（）1. The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it, you should be careful.
(2016广东省卷)
A. glass
B. glasses
C. candle
D. candles （）2. Mickey mouse is one of the most famous _____ in American _____. (2015广东省卷)
A. symbol; culture
B. symbol ; cultures
C. symbols; culture
D. symbols; cultures
（）3. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on Day. (2014广东省卷)
A. Woman
B. Women
C. Woman's
D. Women's
（） 4. —Mum，I've heard that we can't eat these days. Is it true？
— Take it easy. It's safe to eat cooked meat. (2013广东省卷)
A. chicken
B. chickens
C. a chicken
D. the chicken
（）5.The students of Grade Seven visited Mike's farm and saw many there.
(2012广东省卷)
A. bird
B. duck
C. sheep
D. rabbit
【真题演练】
( )1.—Why do people never cut up the _______________ on
their birthdays
—Because they are a symbol of long life. (2016东营)
A. eggs
B. cakes
C. noodles
D. dumplings
( )2. Great ______ for football lovers-more than 50,000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of
2025. (2016东营)
A. news
B. message
C. situation
D. information
( )3. —Are you sure this is a photo _______, the famous comedy actress
—It surprised you, didn't it But she was once really
thin. (2016东营)
A. Jia Ling
B. Jia Ling's
C. of Jia Ling
D. of Jia Ling's
( )4. —What would you like to eat
—Some _________, please. （2016铜仁）
A. bread
B. cake
C. coffee
D.
tea
( )5. —Are you going out with Jade tonight
—That's my . Mind your own! （2016河南）
A. offer
B. business
C. question
D.
chance
( )6. — How far is your home from school —About ______ walk. (2016龙东)
A. five minute’s
B. five minutes’
C. five minutes
D. five-minute
( )7. All the ______enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own holiday.
（2016 龙垦）
A. men workers
B. women workers
C. woman workers
D. man workers
( )8. Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the ______. (2016淮安)
A. kitchen
B. garden
C. bathroom
D. bedroom
( )9. Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely. (2016江西)
A. gift
B. stick
C. pet
D. watch
( )10. —Yan Jiashuo, a _____ girl, has won the prize of International Master of Memory.
—Wow, she's great, isn't she (2016连云港)
A. ten-year-old
B. ten-years-old
C. ten year old
D. ten years old
( )11. —It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.
—Yes, it's an important way of _____ for them. (2016连
云港)
A. suggestion
B. vacation
C. question
D. communication
( )12. He was born in Germany, but he has made China his
______. (2016绵阳)
A. family
B. address
C. house
D. home
( )13. Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______. (2016青岛)
A. cough
B. toothache
C. cold
D. fever
( )14. A smart phone makes a big _______ to our life. (2016西宁)
A. difference
B. decision
C. progress
D. mistake
( )15. Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society .
(2016苏州)
A. instruction
B. invitation
C. informations
D. invention
( )16. Every year many foreign friends come to see the of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River. (2016天津)
A. concerts
B. plays
C. cartoons
D. sights
( )17. It’s sports time. Most ________ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. （2016重庆）
A. boy
B. boys
C. boy’s
D. boys’
( )18. —It’s hot today. Have some ________, please.
—No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all. （2016重庆）
A. water
B. potatoes
C. bread
D. cakes
( )19. —Tu Youyou reserved the Nobel Prize for her
________of anemisinin(青蒿素).
—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science. (2016咸宁)
A. design
B. thought
C. invention
D. discovery
( )20. —How far is it from Beijing to Haikou
—It's a______ flight from Beijing to Haikou. （2015黑龙江）
A. 3-hour-long
B. 3 hours long
C. 3 hours' long
D.
3-hours-long
( )21. —How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games
—Why not search the Internet （2015安徽）
A. information
B. experience
C. practice
D. success
( )22. I live near the station, It’s only about five
________ walk. （2015山东临沂）
A. minute’s
B. minute
C. minutes’
D. minutes
( )23. Every time I see the strawberries, the sweet and beautiful color always make my mouth water. (2015
山西)
初中英语语法大全——名词
初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)
初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（mCountable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如： photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c. 均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
高考语法专项练习：名词和名词短语
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labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
人教版新目标中考英语语法专项-名词专项练习题
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A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)
名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples