骨科英语词汇

骨科英语词汇
骨骼与关节
内medial intra-
外lateral extra-
前anterior
后posterior
上superior
下inferior
掌palmar
背dorsal
大greater maximus 小lesser
长longus
短brevis
面surface
缘border
孔aperture foramen 髁condyle
头head
体body
干shaf
底base
基radical
尖apex
伸extension
屈flection
展abduction
收adduction
尺侧ulnaris
桡侧radialis
皮质骨cortical bone
松质骨spongy bone
干骺部metaphysis
骨骺端epiphysis
纤维软骨fibrous cartilage
透明软骨hyaline cartilage
脊柱spine
椎骨vertebra
颈椎cervical vertebra 胸椎thoracic vertebra 腰椎lumbar vertebra 骶骨sacrum
尾骨coccyx
寰椎atlas
前弓anterior arch
后弓posterior arch
枢椎axis
齿突condyle
隆椎vertebra prominent
椎体body of vertebral
椎孔vertebral foramen
椎管vertebral canal
椎间孔intervertebral foramen
椎弓vertebral arch
椎弓根pedicle of vertebra
椎板lamina of vertebra
上肋凹superior costal fovea
下肋凹inferior costal fovea
上关节突superior articular process 下关节突inferior articular process 关节凹articular fovea
横突transverse process
横突孔transverse foramen
棘突spinous process
椎间盘intervertebral disc
髓核nucleus pulposus
纤维环fibrous rings
前纵韧带anterior longitudinal lig. 后纵韧带posterior longitudinal lig. 黄韧带yellow ligament
棘间韧带interspinal lig.
棘上韧带supraspinal lig.
项韧带nuchal lig.
肋骨rib
肋软骨costal cartilage
胸骨柄manubrium of sternum 胸骨体body of sternum
剑突xiphoid process
胸骨下角infrasternal angle
肋间隙intercostal space
胸锁关节sternoclavicular joint
胸肋关节sternocostal joint
关节盘articular disc
上肢带骨shoulder girdle
自由上肢骨bones of free upper limb 锁骨clavicle
肩胛骨scapula
关节盂glenoid cavity
肩峰acromion
喙突coracoid process
肩胛下窝subscapular fossa
冈上窝supraspinous fossa
肩胛冈spine of scapula
冈下窝infraspinous fossa
胸锁关节sternoclavicular joint
肩关节shoulder joint
肩锁关节acromioclavicular joint 喙锁韧带coracoclavicular lig.
喙肩韧带coracoacromial lig.
喙肱韧带coracohumeral lig.
肱骨humerus
肱骨头head of humerus
大结节greater tubercle
小结节lesser tubercle
解剖颈anatomical neck
外科颈surgical neck
结节间沟intertubercular sulcus
桡神经沟sulcus for radial nerve 鹰嘴窝olecranon fossa
肱骨滑车trochlea of humerus
尺神经沟sulcus for ulnar nerve
桡骨小头radial capitulum
外上髁lateral epicondyle
内上髁medial epicondyle
尺骨ulna
鹰嘴olecranon
滑车切迹trochlear notch
冠突coronoid process
茎突styloid process 尺骨头head of ulna
桡骨radius
桡骨头head of radius
环状关节面articular circumference
桡骨颈neck of radius
桡骨粗隆radial tuberosity
尺切迹ulnar notch
肘关节elbow joint
肱尺关节humeroulnar joint
肱桡关节humeroradial joint
桡尺近侧关节proximal radioulnar joint
桡侧副韧带radial collateral lig.
尺侧副韧带collateral ulnar lig.
桡骨环状韧带annular ligament of radius
肘后三角
提携角carrying angle
前臂骨间膜interosseous membrane of forearm 桡尺远侧关节distal radioulnar joint
桡腕关节radiocarpal joint
腕骨carpal bones
手舟骨scaphoid bone
月骨lunate bone
三角骨tr i quetrum bone
豌豆骨pisiform bone
大多角骨trapezium bone
小多角骨trapezoid bone
头状骨capitate bone
钩骨hamate bone
籽骨sesamoid bone
掌骨metacarpal bone
近节指骨proximal phalanx
中节指骨middle phalanx
远节指骨distal phalanx
拇指pollicis
食指index finger
中指middle finger
环指ring finger
小指liltle finger
掌骨间关节intermetacarpal joints
掌指关节metacarpophalangeal joint
指间关节interphalangeal joint
腱纤维鞘fibrous sheath of tendon
下肢带骨lower limb girdle
自由下肢骨bones of free lower limb
骨盆pelvis
髋骨hip bone
髂骨ilium
坐骨ischium
耻骨pubis
髂嵴iliac crest
髂前上棘anterior superior iliac spine 髂前下棘anterior inferior iliac spine 髋臼acetabulum
髋臼窝acetabular fossa
月状面lunar surface;lunate surface 耻骨上支superior ramus of pubis
耻骨结节pubic tubercle
耻骨下支inferior ramus of pubis
闭孔obturator foramen
坐骨支ramus of ischium
坐骨结节ischial tuberosity
坐骨小切迹lesser sciatic notch
坐骨棘ischial spine
坐骨大切迹greater sciatic notch
髂后下棘posterior inferior iliac spine 耳状面auricular surface
髂后上棘posterior superior iliac spine 髂粗隆iliac tuberosity
弓状线arcuate line
耻骨联合pubic symphysis
骶髂关节cacroiliac joint
髂腰韧带iliolumbar lig.
骶结节韧带sacrotuberous lig.
坐骨大孔greater sciatic formaen
骶棘韧带sacrospinal lig.
坐骨小孔lesser sciatic foramen
闭孔膜obturator membrane
闭膜管obturator canal
骨盆上口superior pelvic aperture
骨盆下口inferior pelvic aperture
骨盆腔pelvic cavity
耻骨下角subpubic angle 股骨femur
股骨头femoral head
股骨头韧带ligament of head of femur 股骨头凹fovea of femoral head
轮匝带zona orbicularis
股骨颈neck of femur
大转子greater trochanter
小转子lesser trochanter
转子间线intertrochanteric line
臀肌粗隆gluteal tuberosity
股骨体shaft of femur
髌面patellar surface
髁间窝intercondylar fossa
收肌结节adductor tubercle
内侧髁medial condyle
外侧髁lateral condyle
内上髁medial epicondyle
外上髁lateral epicondyle
髋关节hip coxa
髋臼唇acetabular labrum
髂股韧带iliofemoral lig.
耻股韧带pubofemoral lig.
坐股韧带ischiofemoral lig.
髌骨patella
膝关节knee joint
髌韧带patellar lig.
腓侧副韧带collateral fibular lig.
胫侧副韧带collateral tibial lig.
腘斜韧带oblique popliteal lig.
前交叉韧带anterior cruciate lig.
后交叉韧带posterior cruciate lig.
髌内侧支持带medial patellar retinaculum 髌外侧支持带lateral patellar retinaculum 髌上囊suprapatellar bursa
内侧半月板medial meniscus
外侧半月板lateral meniscus
胫骨tibia
腓骨fibula
髁间隆起intercondylar eminence
胫骨粗隆tibial tuberosity
髁间前区anterior intercondylar area
髁间后区posterior intercondylar area 滋养孔nutrient foramen
内踝medial malleolus
外踝lateral malleolus
距骨talus
距骨头head of talus
距骨颈neck of talus
距骨滑车trochlea of talus
距骨后突posterior process of talus
跟骨calcaneum bone
载距突sustentaculum tali
跟骨结节calcaneal tuberosity
骰骨cuboid bone
足舟骨navicular bone
内侧楔骨medial cuneiform bone
中间楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone 外侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone
跖骨metatarsal bone
趾骨phalanges of toes
趾
胫腓连结tibiofibular syndesmosis
踝关节ankle joint
三角韧带triangular lig.
距腓前韧带anterior talofibular ligament 距腓后韧带posterior talofibular ligament 跗骨间关节intertarsal joints
距跟关节talocalcaneal joint
距下关节subtalar joint
跗横关节transverse tarsal joint
距跟舟关节talocalcaneonavicular joint
跟骰关节calcaneocuboid joint
跟舟足底韧带plantar calcaneonavicular lig. 跳跃韧带plantar calcaneonavicular lig. 分歧韧带bifurcate lig.
跗跖关节tarsometatarsal joint
跖骨间关节intermetatarsal joints
跖趾关节metatarsophalangeal joint
趾骨间关节interphalangeal joints of foot 足弓plantar arch
肌肉
肌腹muscle belly
肌腱muscle tendon
腱膜aponeurosis
短肌short muscle
长肌long muscle
阔肌wide muscle
轮匝肌orbicular muscle
拮抗肌antagonist
筋膜fascia
浅筋膜superfacial fascia
深筋膜deep fascia
滑膜囊synovial bursa
腱鞘tendon sheath
腱纤维鞘fibrous sheath of tendon
纤维层fibrous layer
腱滑膜鞘synovial sheath of tendon
滑膜层synovial layer
腱系膜mesotendon
背肌muscles of back
斜方肌trapezius m.
背阔肌latissimus dorsi
肩胛提肌levator scapulae m.
菱形肌rhomboid m.
竖脊肌erector spinae
夹肌splenius
胸肌pectoral muscle
胸大肌pectoralis major m.
胸小肌pectoralis minor m.
锁骨下肌subclavius m.
前锯肌serratus anterior m.
翼状肩aliform shoulder
肋间外肌external intercostal m.
肋间内肌intercostales interni
肋间最内肌intercostales intimi
胸横肌transversus thoracis
膈diaphragm
腹肌abdominal muscle
腹外斜肌obliquus externus abdominis muscle 腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis muscle 腹横肌transversus abdominis 腹直肌rectus abdominis
腹直肌鞘sheath of rectus abdominis
白线Hilton's white line
腰方肌quadratus lumborum
腹股沟groin
腹股沟管inguinal canal
上肢肌muscles of upper limb
上肢带肌
三角肌deltoid muscle
冈上肌supraspinatus m.
冈下肌infraspinatus m.
小圆肌teres minor m.
大圆肌teres major m.
肩胛下肌subscapularis m.
臂肌
肱二头肌biceps brachii m.
喙肱肌coracobrachialis m.
肱肌brachialis m.
肱三头肌triceps brachii m.
肘肌anconeus m.
前臂肌
肱桡肌brachioradialis m.
屈肌总腱
旋前圆肌pronator teres m.
桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi radialis m.
掌长肌palmaris longus m.
尺侧腕屈肌flexor carpi ulnaris m.
指浅屈肌flexor digitorum superficialis m. 拇长屈肌flexor pollicis longus m.
指深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus m. 旋前方肌pronator quadratus m.
伸肌总腱
桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis longus m. 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis m. 指伸肌extensor digitorum m.
小指伸肌extensor digiti minimi m.
尺侧腕伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris m.
旋后肌supinator m.
拇长展肌abductor pollicis longus m.
拇短伸肌extensor hallucis brevis m.
拇长伸肌extensor pollicis longus m.
示指伸肌extensor indicis m.
手肌
鱼际thenar
拇短展肌abductor pollicis brevis m.
拇短屈肌flexor pollicis brevis m.
拇对掌肌opponens pollicis m.
拇收肌adductor pollicis m.
小鱼际hypothenar
小指展肌abductor digiti minimi m.
小指短屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis m. 小指对掌肌opponens digiti minimi m.
蚓状肌lumbrical m.
骨间掌侧肌palmar interossei m.
骨间背侧肌dorsal interossei m.
腋窝axillary fossa
三边孔trilateral foramen
四边孔quadrilateral foramen
肘窝cubital fossa
腕管carpal canal
屈肌支持带flexor retinaculum
伸肌支持带extensor retinaculum
掌腱膜palmar aponeurosis
髋肌
髂腰肌iliopsoas m.
髂肌iliacus m.
腰大肌psoas major m.
腰小肌psoas major m.
臀大肌gluteus maximus m.
臀中肌gluteus medius m.
臀小肌gluteus minimus m.
梨状肌piriformis m.
闭孔内肌obturator internus m.
上孖肌gemellus superior m.
下孖肌gemellus inferior m.
股方肌quadratus femoris
闭孔外肌obturator externus
大腿肌
阔筋膜张肌tensor fasciae latae m.
缝匠肌sartorius m.
股四头肌quadriceps femoris m.
耻骨肌pectineus m. 长收肌adductor longus m.
股薄肌gracilis m.
短收肌adductor brevis m.
大收肌adductor magnus m.
腘绳肌
股二头肌biceps femoris m.
半腱肌semitendinosus m.
半膜肌semimembranosus m.
小腿肌
胫骨前肌tibialis anterior m.
趾长伸肌extensor digitorum longus m. 长伸肌extensor hallucis longus m.
腓骨长肌peroneus longus m.
腓骨短肌peroneus brevis m.
小腿三头肌triceps surae m.
腓肠肌gastrocnemius m.
比目鱼肌soleus m.
跖肌plantaris m.
腘肌popliteus m.
趾长屈肌flexor digitorum longus
长屈肌flexor hallucis longus
胫骨后肌tibialis posterior
短伸肌extensor hallucis brevis
趾短伸肌extensor digitorum brevis
展肌abductor hallucis m.
短屈肌flexor hallucis brevis m.
收肌abductor hallucis m.
小趾展肌abductor digiti minimi m.
小趾短屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis m. 趾短屈肌flexor digitorum brevis m.
足底方肌quadratus plantae m.
蚓状肌lumbricales m.
骨间足底肌plantar interossei m.
骨间背侧肌dorsal interossei m.
梨状肌上孔suprapiriform foramen
梨状肌下孔infrapiriform foramen
血管腔隙lacuna vasorum
肌腔隙lacuna musculorum
股管femoral canal
股环femoral ring
股三角femoral triangle
收肌管adductor canal
腘窝popliteal fossa
阔筋膜fascia lata
髂胫束iliotibial tract
卵圆窝fossa ovalis
伸肌上支持带superior extensor retinaculum 伸肌下支持带inferior extensor retinaculum
屈肌支持带flexor retinaculum
腓骨肌上支持带superior peroneal retinaculum 腓骨肌下支持带inferior peroneal retinaculum 血管
动脉arteria
主动脉aorta
胸主动脉thoracic aorta
腹主动脉abdomial aorta
髂外动脉external iliac a
髂内动脉internal iliac a.
颈总动脉common carotid a.
颈外动脉external carotid a.
面动脉facial artery
颞浅动脉superficial temporal a.
上颌动脉maxillary a.
脑膜中动脉middle meningeal a.
颈内动脉internal carotid a.
锁骨下动脉subclavian a.
椎动脉vertebral a.
胸廓内动脉internal thoracic a.
甲状颈干thyrocervical trunk
腋动脉axillary a.
胸肩峰动脉thoracoacromial a.
胸外侧动脉lateral thoracic a.
肩胛下动脉subscapular a.
旋肱后动脉posterior humeral circumflex a.
肱动脉brachial a.
肱深动脉deep brachial a.
桡动脉radial a.
桡侧返动脉radial recurrent a.
掌浅支superficial palmar branch 拇主要动脉principal a.of thumb
尺动脉ulnar a.
骨间总动脉common interosseous a.
骨间前动脉anterior interosseous a.
骨间后动脉posterior interosseous a.
掌深支deep palmar branch
掌浅弓superficial palmar arch
掌深弓deep palmar arch
指掌侧总动脉common palmar digital a.
指掌侧固有动脉proper palmar digital a.
髂内动脉internal iliac a.
壁支
闭孔动脉obturator a.
臀上动脉superior gluteal a.
臀下动脉inferior gluteal a.
髂腰动脉iliolumbar a.
骶外侧动脉lateral sacral a.
脏支
子宫动脉uterine a.
阴部内动脉internal pudendal a.
膀胱下动脉inferior vesical a.
直肠下动脉inferior rectal a.
髂外动脉external iliac a.
股动脉femoral a.
股深动脉deep femoral a.
旋股内侧动脉medial femoral circumflex a. 旋股外侧动脉lateral femoral circumflex a. 穿动脉perforating a.
腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric a.
旋髂浅动脉superficial iliac circumflex a. 腘动脉
胫后动脉posterior tibial a.
腓动脉peroneal a.
足底内侧动脉medial plantar a.
足底外侧动脉lateral plantar a.
胫前动脉anterior tibial a
足背动脉dorsalis pedis artery
静脉vein
静脉瓣venous valve
浅静脉superficial v.
深静脉deep v.
伴行静脉accompanying v.
肺静脉pulmonary v.
上腔静脉superior vena cava
面静脉facial v.
颈外静脉external jugular v.
下颌后静脉retromandibular v.
颈前静脉anterior jugular v.
颈内静脉internal jugular v.
锁骨下静脉subclavian v.
头静脉cephalic v.
贵要静脉basilic v.
肘正中静脉intermedian cubital v.
前臂正中静脉median antebrachial v.
手背静脉网dorsal venous rete of hand
静脉丛venous plexus
头臂静脉brachiocephalic v.
奇静脉azygos v.
半奇静脉hemiazygous v.
下腔静脉inferior vena cava
小隐静脉small saphenous v.
足背静脉弓dorsal venous arch of foot
大隐静脉great saphenous v.
股内侧浅静脉
股外侧浅静脉
阴部外静脉external pudendal v.
腹壁浅静脉superficial epigastric v.
旋髂浅静脉superficial circumflex iliac v. 胫前静脉anterior tibial v.
胫后静脉posterior tibial v.
神经
周围神经系统peripheral nervous system
脑神经cranial n.
嗅神经olfactory n. 视神经optic n.
动眼神经oculomotor n.
滑车神经trochlear n.
三叉神经trigeminal n.
展神经abducent n.
面神经facial n
前庭蜗神经vestibulocochlear n.
舌咽神经glossopharyngeal n.
迷走神经vagus n.
副神经accessory n.
舌下神经hypoglossal n.
内脏神经visceral nerve
传入神经afferent nerve
传出神经efferent nerve
自主神经系统autonomic nervous system 植物神经系统antagonistic system
交感神经sympathetic n.
副交感神经parasympathetic n.
神经节ganglion
髓鞘myelin sheath
神经内膜endoneurium
神经束膜nerve fascicles
神经外膜epineurium
脊神经节spinal ganglia
颈神经cervical n.
胸神经thoracic n.
腰神经lumbar n.
骶神经sacral n.
尾神经coccygeal n.
马尾cauda equina
前支anterior branch
后支posterior branch
脊膜支meningeal branch
交通支communicating branch
脊神经spinal n.
颈丛cervical plexus
枕小神经lesser occipital n.
耳大神经great auricular n.
颈横神经transverse n. of neck
锁骨上神经supraclavicular n.
膈神经 phrenic n. 臂丛 brachial plexus 上干 superior trunk 中干 middle trunk 下干 inferior trunk 内侧束 medial cord 外侧束 lateral cord 后束 posterior cord 胸长神经 long thoracic n. 肩胛背神经 dorsal scapular n. 肩胛上神经 suprascapular n. 肩胛下神经 subscapular n. 胸内侧神经 medial pectoral n. 胸外侧神经 lateral pectoral n 胸背神经 thoracodorsal n. 腋神经 axillary n. 臂外侧皮神经 肌皮神经 musculocutaneous n. 前臂外侧皮神经lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. 正中神经 median n. 骨间前神经 anterior interosseous n. 正中神经返支 指掌侧总神经common palmar digital n. 指掌侧固有神经proper palmar digital n. 尺神经 ulnar n. 桡神经 radial n. 桡神经浅支 superficial branch of radial n. 骨间后神经 posterior interosseous n. 臂内侧皮神经medial brachial cutaneous n. 前臂内侧皮神medial antebrachial cutaneous n. 腰丛 lumbar plexus 髂腹下神经 iliohypogastric n. 髂腹股沟神经ilioinguinal n. 股外侧皮神经lateral femoral cutaneous n. 股神经 femoral n. 闭孔神经 obturator n. 生殖股神经 genitofemoral n.
骶丛 sacral plexus 臀上神经 superior gluteal n. 臀下神经 inferior gluteal n. 股后皮神经 posterior cutaneous n. of thigh 阴部神经 pudendal n. 坐骨神经 sciatic n. 胫神经 tibial n. 腓肠内侧皮神经medial sural cutaneous n. 腓肠外侧皮神经lateral sural cutaneous n. 腓肠神经 sural n. 足底内侧神经medial plantar n. 足底外侧神经lateral plantar n. 腓总神经 common peroneal n. 腓浅神经 superficial peroneal n. 腓深神经 deep peroneal n. 骨科器械 叩诊锤 听诊器 血压计 三角针 圆针 丝线 可吸收线 线剪 解剖剪 血管钳 弯钳 蚊式钳 持针器 卵圆钳 巾钳 刀柄 刀片 电刀 咬骨钳 咬骨剪 骨刀 骨凿 骨钻 摆锯
线锯 骨锉 骨膜剥离器 持骨器
复位钳
老虎钳
克氏针
斯氏针
开口器
关节镜arthroscopy
探针
剪刀
篮钳
抓取钳
关节镜刀
电动刨刀
气化电刀
交换棒
挡板
Mayo架
骨科植入物
刚度stifness
弹性模量modulus of elasticity
应力遮挡stress shielding
强度strength
有限接触性动力加压钢板LC-DCP Limited contact dynamic compression plate 点式接触固定器PC-Fix point contact fixator
骨科检查
物理检查physical examination
骨龄bone age
肌力myodynamia
影像学检查
关节造影arthrography
脊髓造影myelography
CT computer tomography
核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance 放射性核素radionucide
诱发电位evoked potential, EP
肌电图electromyogram, EMG
步态gait 治疗技术treatment technic
止血带prelum arteriol
石膏绷带plaster bandage
小夹板small splint
手法牵引manual traction
皮肤牵引skin traction
骨牵引bone traction
关节穿刺
关节镜arthroscope
半月板切除术meniscectomy
游离体corpus liberum
围手术期
创伤骨科
创伤后休克
脂肪栓塞fat embolism
筋膜室综合症compartment syndrome 挤压综合症
骨折fracture
脱位dislocation
复位reduction
固定fixation, immobilization 功能锻炼functional training
创伤trauma
擦伤abrasion
挫伤contusion, bruising
钝器伤blunt
锐器伤pointed
贯穿伤penetrating
挤压伤crush
刀伤incised wound
脱套伤degloving
撕脱伤avulsion
撕裂伤1aceration
局限性的circumscribed
筋膜间室compartment
Master cases orthopaedic trauma Thieme
New York Stuttgart
沙滩椅位beach chair position 清创debride
神清conscious and oriented 撕裂laceration
血容量不足hypovolemia
尿道urethra
纱布gauze
会阴perineum
冲洗irrigate
不稳定labile
镇静作用sedation
擦洗scrub
填塞tamponade
氨基葡糖苷aminoglycoside
头孢cephalosporin
出血hemorrhage
药物疗法medication
防止发生circumvent
切incise
修整trim
暂时的provisional
助行器walking frame
虚弱的frail
骨质疏松osteoporosis
骨质减少osteopenia
濒死的moribund
不卧床的ambulant
陷阱pitfall
X线透视fluoroscopy
梨状肌piriformis
导引钢丝guidewire
卧位decubitus
嗜睡的somnolent
助步器ambulator
减少deplete
导尿管catheter
排除evacuate。