高中英语必修三第五单元教案

（3，5）

重点词汇

1. vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊

[典例]

1). What were you chatting to him about?

2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).

[重点用法]

chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈……

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。

She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.

2. adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的

[典例]

1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams.

2). The plane flied in an eastward direction.

[词语归纳]

eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地

southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地

southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地

southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。

1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain

the Buddhist scripture.

2). When winter comes, the birds travel in an __________ direction.

3. vt.&vi. 包围；围绕 adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境

[典例]

①As a child，I was surrounded by love and kindness.

②After being surrounded by the police for several days，the robber had to give in.

③From the top of the hill you can see all the surrounding countryside.

④Everyone likes to w ork in pleasant surroundings.

⑤I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.

[重点用法]

surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 周围都是……

[练习] 用surround的短语或其适当形式填空。

1). _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.

2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.

3). She has always been _______ _______fashionable friends.

4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.

________by a group of children，the old man was delighted.

A．Surrounded B．Surrounding C．To be surrounded D．To be surrounding

4. vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施

[典例]

Can you measure accurately with this ruler?

①The nurse weighed me and measured my height.

②You can’t measure someone by the clothes he wears.

③You should take effective measures to improve your working conditions.

④In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.

[重点用法]

measure A by B 用B衡量A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米

measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’ s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服

[练习] 用measure的短语填空或翻译句子。

1). The tailor made a suit ______ _______ _______.

2). Success isn’ t _______ _______ how much money you have.

完成句子

(2)The government should________________(采取措施) reduce crime in the area.

5. vt.&vi. 混合；调配 n.[u,c] 混合（物）；混合状态

[典例]

1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me.

2). Oil and water don’ t mix.

3). Oil won’ t mix with water.

[词语归纳] mix的短语：

mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物

mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去

[练习] 用mix的短语的适当形式或介词填空。

1). Don’ t try to _______ business ______ pleasure.

2). Mix the eggs ______ the flour.

6. adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近

[典例]

1). Her mother lived in a nearby town.

2). Her mother lived nearby.

[重点用法]

nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：

There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.

7. vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的

[典例]

1). He terrified his children with ghost stories.

2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her.

[重点用法]

be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）[练习] 用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。

1). She ____ __ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.

2). It was a ______ experience.

8. vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impression n.[c]印象；感想 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的

[典例]

The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists.

①I was deeply impressed by/at/with his speech.

②My father impressed me with the value of hard work.

[重点用法]

impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物

make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 给……一个印象

have/get the impression that 有……的印象

[练习] 用impress的短语或介词填空。

1). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.

2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.

3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.

The new teacher made a good________on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.

A．feeling B．effect C．impression D．sense

The conference has been held to discuss the ________of global warming on people’s lives all over the world.

A．importance B．effects C．protection D．impression

9. vt.证实；证明(尤指提供证据来证明)；后面可以跟名词、代词作宾语，也可以跟从句作宾语

典例：

①The experiment confirmed hi s theory.

②The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.

③He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.

④It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.

I called the airline to________my flight reservation a week before I left for Toronto.

A．see B．consult C．confirm D．strengthen

10 . n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远；v.不介入；与……疏远

①I saw some smoke in the distance.

②It’s better for you to keep him at a distance.

③The railway station is at a distance of two miles away from our school.

(1)at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远 in the distance在远方 from a distance从远处/方

at a distance of在……远的地方

(2)distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的

[练习] 完成句子

The faces of the famous American Presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen_____ _____(从50英里处)．

用distance的短语或介词填空。

1). We can see a windmill ______ the distance.

2). The picture looks better ______ a distance.

重点词组

1. 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿

[典例]

1). He ran rather than walked.

2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price

[重点用法]

do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A

A rather than

B 是A而不是B

would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做B

prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做B

would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事

注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。

但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。

[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。

1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.

2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.

3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.

4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ______ throw them away, though many are

useless.

5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).

6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_____________________________________________

To enjoy the scenery，Jimmy would rather spend long hours on the train________travel by plane. A．as B．to C．than D．while

Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings___harm them.

A．more than B．rather than C．other than D．better than

2.舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等

[典例]

1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book.

2). When are you going to marry and settle down?

①The two sides have reached a settlement in the dispute.

②I’m glad to learn that you’ve settled down in Beijing.

③With so much noise around，I couldn’t settle down to my work.

④With his help，we’ve learned how to analyze and settle problems.

⑤It took her a while to settle into her new job.

[短语归纳] 与settle相关的短语：

settle down to… 使某人安下心来做…… settle (down) in ... 在……定居下来

settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题

[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。

1). Something is distur bing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心来) his work.

2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.

3). They have finally ______ _______ ______ Canada.

When someone________，he or she starts living a quiet life in one place，especially when he or she gets married or buys a house.

A．sets down B．settles down C．moves down D．puts down

3.看见；瞥见

[典例]

①I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus.

②Suddenly, I caught sight of my English teacher in the crowd.

③Su ddenly they got separated，and then lost sight of each other.

④At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.

[短语归纳] sight短语：

lose sight of 看不见；不再看见keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离

at (the) sight of 一看到（就）in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内

out of sight 看不见；在视线外have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差

at first sight乍看起来

[练习] 用sight的短语填空。

1). ______ ______ ______ his mother, the boy stopped crying.

2). She watched the train until it went ______ ______ ______.

3). I ______ ______ ______ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I

______ _______ ______ him.

4). Be sure to ______ ______ ______ your luggage while you’ re at the airport.

The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ________in many parts of the city. A．look B．sign C．sight D．appearance

At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was________. A．out of sight B．out of reach C．out of order D．out of place

4. 对……有天赋

[典例]

1). He has a gift for music.

2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages.

[重点用法]

have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对……有天赋；有做某事的才能

a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人 a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有

才华的人

[练习] 翻译句子。

他天生有着讲故事的才能。

_______________________________________________________________________________ ___

5.设法做某事

①Though we left home very late，we managed to catch the last bus.

②The box was heavy，but he managed to carry it.

辨析：manage to do sth.，try to do sth.与try doing sth.

(1)manage to do sth.表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果，相当于succeed in doing sth.。

(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作。

(3)try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”。

用try与manage填空：

(1)I’ll ________to get downtown this afternoon but I don’t know if I can make it.

(2)The ship sank but we________to get on a lifeboat.

(3)Why not ________doing the experiment in another way?

6. 远到，直到；至于

[典例]

1). I’ ll walk with you as far as the post office.

2). I’ ve read as far as the third chapter.

[短语归纳] far短语：

as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知 as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得

as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言 far from sth 毫不；一点也不；远非

So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。

[练习] 用far的短语填空。

1). _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.

2). We’ ll go by train ______ ______ ______ (直到) London, and then take a bus.

(北京)________I can see，there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.

A．As long as B．As far as C．Just as D．Even if

—How far apart do they live?—________I know，they live in the same neighbourhood.

A．As long as B．As far as C．As well as D．As often as

重点句子

1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.

[解释]

1. so...that 如此……以致于，后跟结果状语从句，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句，如：

She was so angry that she couldn’ t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word.

辨析：so...that与such...that：

so...that与such...that意思一致，that均引导结果状语从句，但是so为副词，such 为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。

① so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句

She is so good a teacher that we all love her.

② such + adj. + 复名 + that从句或such + a(n) + 单名+ that从句

She is such a good teacher that we all love her.

They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes.

2.some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：

独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语，如：

(1) 作时间状语 The meeting over, they left the hall.

(2) 作原因状语My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.

(3) 作条件状语 Time permitting, we’ll have a dictation.

(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明 Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.

[练习] 根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。

1). She is _______ lovely a girl _______ all pf us like very much.

2). They are _______ little worms _______we can’ t see them with our eyes.

3). The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.

4). Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.

5). He came out of the library, a book _______ _______ _______ (夹在胳膊下).

(重庆)The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons________for the day. A．finishing B．finished C．had finished D．went finished

All the factors________，the planned trip will have to be called off.

A．considered B．be considered C．considering D．having considered

2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world.

[解释] (1) 用比较级表示最高级，同一范围内比较时，常用“主语+动词+比较级+than any other+单名”或“主语+动词+比较级+than any of the other+复名”。

(2) 不同范围内比较，常用“主语+动词+比较+than any+单名”。

[练习] 句子翻译。

1). 他是班里最高的。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 2). 中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。

Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦

1．Mary is my former________(校友) and we used to play volleyball together in high school. 2．Fortunately，there was a hospital________(在附近) so the man was sent there immediately. 3．The university held a very________(给人深刻印象的) opening ceremony and all the students were very happy.

4．Don’t get too close；the building looks more beautiful from a________(距离)．

5．According to the________(传统) of this area，the bride’s family organizes the wed ding ceremony.

6．You’d better not take Lily going horse riding；she has been________(害怕) of horses since childhood.

7．I prefer the peaceful country life to the busy and noisy________(城市的) life.

8．Look carefully，and you will see that there’s a________(轻微的) difference between the two pictures.

9．Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy，________(富有的) and wise. 10．People found the little match girl dead in the street at________(黎明)．

Ⅰ.完成句子

1.The problem is that most students prefer to communicate with their Internet friends________________(而不是父母)．

2．There is no doubt that my friend，Tom，will_________(定居在上海) after the Shanghai World Expo.

3．Although the task was very tough，we______________________(成功完成) it on time. 4．The audience all over the world__________________(留下深刻印象) the opening ceremony of the Shanghai World Expo.

5. There is a tower _________(在远处) and it looks the most attractive from a distance of 300 meters.

6. Don’t let me ______________(看见) you doing it again，otherwise I will dismiss you.

Ⅱ.情景交际

1．—Won’t you go to the football tonight?

—________.I might stay at home watching it live on TV instead.

A．I’d rather not B．I’m not sure C．I guess so D．I’d love to

2．—Look！I’m getting fatter and fatter.What can I do?

—________.Do more exercise and you will be all right.

A．Slow it down B．Don’t worry C．That’s right D．Don’t mention it 3．—Tom，you are smoking again? —_____？It’s none of your business.

A．So what B．How come C．Why not D．What for

4．—How do you find the new book by J．K.Rowling?

—________.I guess she is out of her talent.

A．With the help of my mother B．By accident C．Very boring

D．In the library

Ⅲ.语法专练本单元语法——同位语从句

1．The patient’s son asked the doctor the question________his father could survive the big operation.

A．whether B．if C．that D．what

2．It is no longer a question now________the Chinese astronauts can wave our national flag in outer space.

A．where B．whether C．that D．what

3．The news came as quite a shock to us________a ship with 82 passengers on board sank near the north coast.

A．what B．that C．when D．where

4．The senior three students in our school received word last week________some excellent students had been admitted to Peking University without taking the exam.

A．that B．which C．how D．what

5．There is no obvious evidence________there is life on any other planet in the solar system. A．which B．that C．how D．where

Unit 4

1.billion

2.gentle

3.atmosphere

4.pull

5.satellites

6.multiplies

7.harmful

8.climate

9.theory10.Thus

1.Now that

2.in time

3.Watch out

4.cheer up

5.came into existence

6.prevent；from being damaged ABCA BBCCA

Unit 5

答案：1. schoolmate 2. nearby 3. impressive 4. distance 5. tradition 6. terrified7. urban8. slight9. wealthy10. dawn

答案：1. rather than their parents 2. settle down in Shanghai 3. managed to accomplish 4. was very impressed with 5. in the distance 6. catch sight of

BBAC ACBAB