规则动词与不规则动词

规则动词与不规则动词英语中大部分都是规则动词。

规则动词都以加-ed词尾的方式构成过去式和过去分词；又以加-ing 词尾的方式构成现在分词。

现在式Listen Treat Wish Discuss 过去式ListenedTreatedWishedDiscussed过去分词ListenedTreatedWishedDiscussed现在分词ListeningTreatingwishingdiscussing但在加-ed及-ing词尾时要注意：1．若以字母e结尾:：去式及过去分词只需加-d；而现在分词则要除去e加上-ing（双e结尾的除外）。

Love→loved→loving acknowledge→acknowledged→acknowledginglive→lived→living please→pleased→pleasing2．“辅音+y”结尾：过去式及过去分词应先变y为i，再加-ed；现在分词只加-ing。

study→studied→studying try→tried→trying fry→fried→frying3．“元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾，该音节又重读者，末尾辅音字母要双写-e，再加上-ed或-ing。

plan→planned→planning beg→begged→begging prefer→preferred→preferringpermit→permitted→permitting在其他情况下都直接加-ed或-ing：Play→played→playing（虽以y结尾，但前面是元音字母a）Pack→packed→packing（末尾是两个辅音字母，因此不需双写）repeat→repeated→repeating（辅音字母前是两个元音字母，因此辅音字母无需双写）open→opened→opening（后面音节不重读，因此末尾辅音字母也不需双写）4．“一个元音字母+L”结尾的词，英国人双写，美国人不双写：travel→travelled→travelling（英）travel→traveled→traveling（美）cancel→cancelled→cancelling（英）cancel→canceled→canceling（美）5．若“L”前面有两个元音字母，L则一概不双写：reveal→revealed→revealing（英、美）appeal→appealed→appealing（英、美）6．另有少数特殊的词，尽管末尾音节不重读，末尾辅音字母在英国仍然双写：Worship→worshipped→worshipping（英）worship→worshiped→worshiping（美）Kidnap→kidnapped→kidnapping（英）kidnap→kidnaped→kidnaping（美）program→programmed（英）program→programed（美国有时用此拼法）7．以“X”结尾的词，X不双写：tax→taxed→taxing mix→mixed→mixing在英语中，有些词在加-ed/-ing时，其末尾字母需要双写。

常见的有下面这些：abet beg compel dip emit flag hop knit mug abhorblotconferdistilenrolgethugknotnagacquitbragcontroldotenthralgrinhumlagnetadmitbrimcramdragequipgripincurlognipallotchatcropdropexcelgroginstilmannodbanchopdamdrumexpelgunjammaroccurbarclapdeferdubfanhandicapjogmobomitbatcommit deter embed fit hem jot mop outwitpad plug scan patpopscarpatrolpropscarppenpropelscrubpinrebelshippitrebutshopplanrecapshredplodrefershrugshun slap stab stun transfer trip sinslipstarsubmittransmittrotsipslopstemsunthrobvetskidslotstepswaptipwagskimsnapstirtagtopwrapskinsobstoptantrapskipspotstraptaptrekslamsquatstripthintrim另外，下面的词在加-ed和-ing时，在英国英语中末尾的字母要双写，而在美国英语中却不一定双写：Cancel dial equal hiccup initial kidnaplabellevelMarvelmodelpanelpedalpencilprogramquarrelrefuelRevelrivalshovelshrivelspiralstenciltotaltravelTunnelunravelworship不规则动词数目虽然有限，但大多数是常用动词，例如：Beat→beat→beaten become→became→become begin→began→begun blow→blew→blown break→broke→broken bring→brought→brought build→built→builtburst→burst→burstbuy→bought→bought catch→caught→caught choose→chose→chosen come→came→comecost→cost→costdig→dug→dugdo→did→donedraw→drew→drawn drink→drank→drunk drive→drove→driveneat→eat→eatenfall→fell→fallenfeel→felt→feltfind→found→foundfly→flew→flownforget→forgot→forgoten forgive→forgave→forgiven freeze→froze→frizen get→got→gotgive→gave→givengo→went→gonegrow→grew→grownhave→had→hadhear→heard→heardhide→hid→hiddenhit→hit→hithold→held→heldhurt→hurt→hurtkeep→kept→keptknow→knew→knownlay→laid→laidlead→led→ledleave→left→leftlend→lent→lentlet→let→letlie→lay→lainlose→lost→lostmake→made→mademean→meant→meantmeet→met→metpay→paid→paidput→put→putread→read→readride→rode→riddenring→rang→rungrise→rose→risenrun→ran→runsay→said→saidsee→saw→seensell→sold→soldsend→sent→sentset→set→setshake→shook→shakenshine→shone→shoneshoot→shot→shotshow→showed→shownshut→shut→shutsing→sang→sungsink→sank→sunksit→sat→satsleep→slept→sleptspeak→spoke→spokenspend→spent→spentspin→span→spunspread→spread→spreadspring→sprang→sprungstand→stood→stoodsteal→stole→stolenstick→stuck→stuckstrike→struck→struckswim→swam→swum take→took→taken teach→taught→taught tear→tore→torn tell→told→toldthink→thought→thoughtthrow→threw→thrownwake→woke→wakenwear→wore→wornweep→wept→weptwin→won→wonwrite→wrote→writtenunderstand→understood→understood现在分词一般由动词原形加-ing构成，如：go→going stand→standing ask→asking answer→answering study→studying be→being 但在下列情况下，拼写应作相应变化：1．以不发音的-e结尾是动词，须去掉e再加-ing。

如：come→coming write→writing take→taking become→becoming但当将-e去掉会引起发音变化时，最后的-e就应保留。

如：agree→agreeing singe→singeing另外，-e前为元音是，-e也应保留。

如：canoe→canoeing2．动词是闭音节的单音节词，或是以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母是，这个辅音字母须双写，再加-ing。

如：sit→sitting begin→beginning run→running admit→admitting stop→stopping forget→forgetting 3．少数几个以-ie结尾的单音节动词，须变ie为y，再加-ing。

如：die→dying tie→tying lie→lying-s词尾的加法在一般现在时中，如果主语是第三人称单数，则动词一般需加-s词尾，如：She works in a computer company. 她在电脑公司工作。

He gives me a lot of help. 他给我许多帮助。

一般情况下都直接加-s：comes lives plays listens因此在使用一般现在时时要经常注意在第三人称单数动词后加-s词尾。

在加-s词尾时要注意下面两点：1．在以ch，sh，s，x或o结尾的词后面要加-es：teach→teaches catch→catches wish→wishes wash→washes miss→missesguess→guesses mix→mixes fix→fixes go→goes do→does2．以“辅音+y”结尾的词，先变y为i再加-es:try→tries study→studies reply→replies fly→flies在加-s词尾时，读音有许多值得注意的地方：1）在/p/，/t/，/k/，/f/等清辅音后面，-s读作/s/：Helps hopes lets gets asks thinks laughs coughs2）在/s/，/z/，/∫/，/t∫/，/d3/等音后-s或-es读作/iz/：Guesses stresses rises pleases washes brushes teaches catches urges wages3）在其他情况下都读作/z/：comes goes sees brings reads lies shows begins forgives动词的紧缩形式主要的紧缩形式如下：I am→I’m You are→you’re He is→he’s She is→she’s It is→it’sWe are→we’re They are→they’re There is→there’s There are→there’reHere is→here’s That is→that’s I have→I’ve You have→you’veHe has→he’s She has→she’s We have→we’ve They have→they’veWho has→who’s I had→I’d I shall/will→I’ll You will→you’llHe will→he’ll She will→she’ll We shall/will→we’ll They will→they’llI would→I’d Who would→who’d另外，否定结构也常有紧缩的形式：I am not→I’m not we are not→we aren’t he is not→he isn’t he was not→he wasn’tThey were not→they weren’t we have not→we haven’t she has not→she hasn’tThey had not→they hadn’t we will not→we won’t I shall not→I shan’tThey would not→they wouldn’t we would not→we wouldn’t she did not→she didn’tI do not→I don’t he does not→he doesn’t we can not→we can’tthey could not→they couldn’t you must not→you mustn’t he need not→he needn’t she dare not→she daren’t we may not→we mayn’t she might not→she mightn’twe ought not→we oughtn’t如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！。