文化复习提纲
地域文化与城乡景观学生版复习提纲

地域文化与城乡景观【学习目标】1.结合不同地区的地理环境特点,理解地域文化的含义和特点及影响。
(区域认知、地理实践力)2.结合实例,理解不同区域地域文化的差异及成因。
(综合思维)3.通过地理环境对地域文化的影响树立正确的人地协调观。
(人地协调观)【知识总结】一.地域文化1.概念:指一个地区的人们在生产生活、社会制度组织、精神活动中体现的价值观和审美情趣。
2.主要特点:(1)区域性:不同地域的自然环境、资源物产、生活方式与习惯以及社会结构和发展水平等差异显著,形成了不同的地域文化。
(2)多样性:根据属性,地域文化可以划分为有形地域文化和无形地域文化。
(3)独特性:地域文化打上了所在地域和时代的烙印,体现出不同的文化特质。
(4)相对稳定性:地域文化在一定时期内相对稳定。
[特别提醒]地域文化的形成是一个长期的过程,是不断发展、变化的,但在一定阶段具有相对稳定性。
从成因上来看,是自然与社会因素综合作用的结果。
[连一连]将一下地理事物与对应的类型连线。
节日庆典遗迹遗址有形地域文化蒙古族的那达慕大会埃及金字塔无形地域文化元阳梯田二.地域文化在城乡景观上的体现1.城乡景观空间尺度:2.地域文化体现:体现在城乡生产景观、聚落景观以及建筑格局和主体建筑物风貌等方面。
三.案例:特色民居建筑------福建客家土楼1.概况:(1)分布:闽西山区,又称“客家土楼”,素有“东方古城堡”“世界民居建筑奇葩”之称,已被列入《世界遗产名录》。
(2)形成时间:宋元时期。
(3)建筑选址:多建在山区范围狭小的平地或平缓的斜坡上,以当地的土、石、木、竹等作建筑材料,在施工中沿袭中原地区汉族建筑技艺。
2.地域文化特点:[特别提醒]客家文化是根植于古代中原地区传统汉族文化,在长期移民生活中适应了南方山区地理环境,并融合当地畲族、瑶族等少数民族文化而形成的独树一帜的地域文化。
福建客家土楼是客家文化的典型代表,是当地自然环境和社会经济生活共同的产物。
思维导图教案:《文化生活》全册单元复习提纲辅助你拓展思维

思维导图教案:《文化生活》全册单元复习提纲辅助你拓展思维作为当代人,我们面临着越来越多的信息与知识的洪流,如果没有良好的思维能力,就很难解决复杂的问题和应对日常的生活。
因此,为了帮助学生提升思维能力,提高学习效率,教师要善于采用多种教学手段,其中思维导图是一种非常有效的教学工具之一。
下面我们就以小学《文化生活》全册为例,为大家展示如何利用思维导图辅助学习和复习。
一、前言思维导图,是灵感于二十世纪60年代提出的一项思维工具。
俗话说:“一图胜千言”,思维导图就是在理解、记忆和表达知识的过程中充分调动大脑的整体思维能力,通过图像和文字的交叉使用,以图为基础、以字为辅助,呈现出知识点之间的关系和逻辑。
在学习中使用思维导图,可以更快更深入地理解知识点,同时也可以加强对知识点的联想和记忆,并在此基础上进行更加深入的思考。
二、教学内容小学《文化生活》全册是典型的综合性教材,包含了通识、语文、数学、科学、社会和艺术等多元化的知识点。
其中涉及到一系列文化常识,如习俗、传统节日、文化遗产、美术、音乐、戏剧、文学、历史、地理、科技等等。
这些知识点之间的关系错综复杂,想要系统地学习和掌握,就需要一种适合学生记忆和理解的方法。
通过思维导图,我们可以将这些知识点暴露出来,更好地理解和记忆它们之间的联系。
三、教学目标1.学生能够掌握思维导图的基本操作方法,学会快速和准确地制作思维导图。
2.学生能够在思维导图的基础上分析和理解知识点之间的关系与联系,全面提高对知识点的理解和记忆能力。
3.学生能够自主地运用思维导图辅助自己的学习和复习,提高学习效率和学习成绩。
四、教学步骤1.熟悉思维导图的基本操作方法教师首先要向学生讲解思维导图的基本操作方法,让学生了解思维导图的定义、意义和制作过程。
然后要让学生观看思维导图相关的视频,了解思维导图的构成和规律,同时要通过实践,让学生亲自尝试制作思维导图,从而掌握如何快速和准确地制作思维导图。
2.制定复习提纲制定复习提纲是制作思维导图的前提和基础。
必修三第一单元复习提纲 中国传统思想文化

必修三第一单元中国传统文化主流思想的演变第一课时百家争鸣、儒家思想的形成、汉代儒学成为正统思想【课程标准】(1)知道诸子百家,认识春秋战国时期百家争鸣局面形成的重要意义;了解孔子、孟子和荀子等思想家以及儒家思想的形成。
(2)知道汉代儒学成为正统思想的史实。
【某某08考试说明】(1)春秋战国时期的百家争鸣百家争鸣;孔子、孟子和荀子与儒家思想的形成。
(2)汉代儒学成为正统思想董仲舒的儒学主X、汉朝儒学成为正统思想。
【知识梳理】一、春秋战国时期的百家争鸣(一)百家争鸣1、“百家争鸣”的含义“百家争鸣”指春秋战国时期知识分子中不同学派的涌现及各流派争芳斗艳的局面。
“百家”,是泛指,意为数量多。
“争鸣”,是指争论和辩难。
2、出现的社会原因【经济、政治、阶级关系、思想文化】经济:井田制崩溃,封建经济的迅速发展,为学术文化的繁荣提供了物质条件。
政治:周王室衰微、诸侯士大夫崛起阶级关系:“士”阶层的活跃和受重用。
各诸侯国都想富国强兵,兼并他国,取代周天子的地位,因而特别地礼贤下士;“士”们也希望实现自己的思想主X、政治愿望。
思想文化:学术下移,私学兴办,产生“诸子百家”。
注意:(1)老子和孔子是春秋时期人。
(2)韩非子是法家思想的集大成者,而不是创立者。
商鞅、吴起等都属于法家。
4、“百家争鸣”局面形成的意义①是中国学术文化、思想道德发展的重要阶段,奠定了中国文化的基础,是中国思想文化的源头。
②是中国历史上第一次思想解放运动,对当时和后来社会的发展,起了巨大的推动作用。
③形成中国传统文化体系。
儒家思想孕育了我国传统文化中的政治思想和道德准则;道家学说构成了2000多年传统思想的哲学基础;法家思想中的变革精神,成为历代进步思想家、政治家改革图治的理论武器。
在很大程度上,它们共同构造了中华民族传统文化的基本精神。
二、汉代儒学成为正统思想一、原因:1、政治大一统的需要:汉初的黄老学说无法解决汉武帝时期加强中央集权的问题,汉武帝急需新的学说来维护统治。
高中政治必修三文化生活第一二单元复习提纲分解

《文化生活》第一单元文化与生活【知识点梳理】第一课第一框体味文化一、文化的含义及内容:P6含义:文化是相对于经济、政治而言的人类全部精神活动及其产品。
它既包括世界观、人生观、价值观等具有意识形态性质的部分,又包括科学和技术、语言和文字等非意识形态的部分。
(意识形态文化往往具有鲜明的阶级性;而非意识形态的文化一般没有阶级性,但有民族性和区域性)二、文化的特点(3点)P6-71.“文化”是一种社会现象。
从文化与社会的关系来看,文化是人类社会特有的现象。
由人所创造,纯粹“自然”的东西不能称为文化。
2.“文化”是一种素养。
从文化与个人的关系来看,个人的文化素养是在实践中逐步培养出来的。
每个人所具有的文化素养,不是天生的,也不是在后天形成的,而是通过对社会生活的体验,特别是通过参与文化活动、接受知识文化教育而逐步培养起来的。
3.“文化”是一种精神现象。
从物质与精神的关系来看,精神活动离不开物质活动,精神产品离不开物质载体。
三、文化的形式P8文化具有非常丰富的形式,如思想、理论、信仰、道德、教育、科学、文学、艺术等都属于文化;人们进行文化生产、传播、积累的过程,都是文化活动。
第一课第二框文化与经济、政治一、文化与经济、政治的关系(两大方面)P10-111.相互影响:(1)经济、政治和文化是社会生活的三个基本领域。
其中,经济是基础,政治是经济的集中表现,文化是经济和政治的反映。
一定的文化由一定的经济、政治所决定,又反作用于一定的政治、经济,给予政治、经济以重大影响。
(2)文化的反作用:文化有其自身的传承性和相对的独立性,一定的文化反作用于一定的经济和政治:一方面,不同民族的文化,影响不同民族和国家各具特色的发展道路;另一方面,不同性质的文化对社会发展的作用不同:a.先进的、健康的文化会促进社会的发展 b.落后、腐朽的文化则会阻碍社会的发展2.相互交融(1)文化与经济相互交融第一,在经济发展中,科学技术的作用越来越重要。
新人教版政治必修三第4单元《发展中国特色社会主义文化》复习提纲

内蒙古海拉尔第三中学高中政治(必修三文化生活)复习提纲:第四单元发展中国特色社会主义文化1.文化市场和大众传媒的发展对文化生活的影响积极影响消极影响⑴文化市场和大众传媒的发展对文化生活的积极影响文化市场和大众传媒的发展,给人们生活带来了可喜的变化。
主要表现为:①满足文化需要,充实精神生活;②传播科学文化知识;③使人们潜移默化地接受正确的价值观念,提高思想道德素质;④引导消费观念,推动生产发展。
⑵文化市场和大众传媒的发展对文化生活的消极影响文化市场的盲目性和传媒的商业性,也引发了令人忧虑的现象。
①有关部门和单位在经济效益的驱动下,生产销售品位低下的文化产品;②有些文化产品借消遣娱乐的名义,迎合低级趣味;③有些媒体热衷于捕风捉影的“新闻”炒作,不负责任地传播“绯闻轶事”。
2.大众文化的含义大众文化就是面向广大人民,反映人民的利益与呼声,为人民大众所喜闻乐见的社会主义文化。
3.落后文化和腐朽文化落后文化的含义、表现、措施腐朽文化的含义、危害、措施落后和腐朽文化存在的原因⑴落后文化的含义、表现、措施①含义:各种带有迷信、愚昧、颓废、庸俗等色彩的文化。
②表现:常常以传统习俗的形式表现出来。
③措施:落后文化是文化糟粕,需要通过科学文化教育,予以改造和剔除。
⑵腐朽文化的含义、危害、措施①含义:封建主义和资本主义的腐朽思想、殖民文化、“法轮功”邪教、淫秽色情文化等。
②危害:腐蚀人们的精神世界、侵蚀民族精神、阻碍先进生产力发展、危害社会主义事业。
③措施:坚决抵制、依法取缔。
⑶落后文化和腐朽文化存在的原因:①封建思想的残余和旧的习惯势力根深蒂固;②西方资本主义腐朽思想文化的冲击。
③社会主义市场经济导致的不同社会群体价值取向、文化选择的多样化。
④市场经济自身的弱点诱发拜金主义等不良思想,滋生唯利是图等现象。
4.中国特色社会主义文化地位作用内容措施⑴中国特色社会主义文化的地位社会主义文化以其自身的科学性和先进性,并依靠社会主义政治和精神力量,在文化生活中占据主导地位。
(完整word版)跨文化交际复习提纲

(完整word版)跨文化交际复习提纲Intercultural CommunicationIntercultural Communication Defined1. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called “cross-cultural communications” or “comparative culture,” or “transculture”.2. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries.3. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture.4. IC is a broad and well-developed field of study.5. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy.6. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.Forms of Intercultural Communicationa. International Communicationb. Interethnic Communicationc. Interracial Communicationd. Intracultural CommunicationDefinition Final5) Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.2.Cultural Metaphors1. The Cultural Iceberg2. The Cultural Onion3.The Cultural Software4.The Cultural Fish5. The Cultural Story6. Culture by Chinese7. Culture by Americans3. Characteristics of Culture1) Culture is sharedThe members of a culture share a set of ‘ideals, values, and standards of behaviors’, and this set of ideals is what gives meaning to their lives, and what bond them together as a culture.2) Culture is learnedActually, culture is not innate sensibility, but a learned characteristic. Children begin learning about their own culture at home with their immediate family and how they interact each other, how they dress, and the rituals they perform. When the children are growing in the community, their cultural education is advanced by watching social interactions, taking part in cultural activities and rituals in the community, forming their own relationships and taking their place in the culture.3) Culture is based on symbols.In order for the culture to be transmitted from one person to the next, and from one generation to the next, a system of symbols needs to be created that translates the ideals of the culture to its members. This is accomplished through language, art, religion and money.4) Culture is integratedFor the sake of keeping the culture, functioning all aspects ofthe culture must be integrated. For example, the language must be able to describe all the functions within the culture in order for ideas and ideals to be transmitted from one person to another. Without the integration of language into the fabric of the culture, confusion and dysfunction would reign and the culture would fail.5) Culture is subjective to change (Dynamic)It is necessary to recognize that cultures are dynamic rather than static. They are constantly changing and evolving under the impact of events and through contact with other cultures.6) Culture is ethnocentricEthnocentrism is the belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is correct. Ethnocentrists believe their culture is the central culture and other cultures are incorrect, ineffective, or quaint.7) Culture is adaptiveHistory offers so many examples of how cultures have changed as a result of laws, shifts in values, natural disasters, wars, or calamities. More and more women work as CEOs in major companies and as officials in government instead of remaining at home looking after children. Both women and men have made adaptation to this cultural change.Western Perspective of communicationIn western cultures, communication is studied as the means of transmitting ideas. Western cultures emphasize the instrumental function of communication; that is, effectiveness is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve one’s personal goal Eastern perspective of communicationDefinitions of communication from many Asian countriesstress harmony, which is most notable in cultures with a Confucian tradition. Eastern cultures’understanding would define communication as a process where all parties are searching to develop and maintain a social relationship.2. Components of communicationSender/Source(信息源)A sender/source is the person who transmits a messageMessage (信息)A message is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver.Encoding (编码)Encoding refers to the activity during which the sendermust choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message.Channel /Medium(渠道). Channel/Medium is the method used to deliver amessage.Receiver (信息接收者)A receiver is any person who notices and givessome meaning to a message.Decoding (解码)Decoding is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.Feedback (反馈)The response of a receiver to a sender’s message is called feedback.Noise (干扰)Noise is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages, including external noise ,physiological noise, psychological noise and semantic noise. Noise is inevitable.1)External NoiseSounds that distract communicators:voices in the next room; annoying ring of someone’s cell phone in a meeting; etc.Other types of external noise that don’t involve sound:an overcrowded room or a smelly cigar(2) Physiological Noiseillnesses and disabilities(3) Psychological Noiseforces with the sender or receiver that interfere with understanding: egotism; hostility; preoccupation; fear; etc.(4) Semantic Noisecaused by using different languages; the use of jargon; different understanding of the message delivered; etc.3.Characteristics of Communicationa. Communication is dynamicb. Communication is systematicc. Communication is symbolicd. Communication is irreversiblee. Communication is transactionalf. Communication is self-reflectiveg. Communication is contextual.High ContextA high-context (HC) communication or message is one in which most of the information is either in the physical context or internalized in the person, which very little is in the coded, explicit, transmitted part of the message.Communication occurs in ways other than through language. People share context.HC communication is fast and efficient, but takes long timeto learn.Low ContextA low-context (LC) is just the opposite, the mass of information is vested in the explicit code. Communication occurs mostly through language.low-context sources: newspapers, textbooks, lectures, roadmaps, announcements, instruction sheets etc.More impersonal, but effective in transmitting information among people who do not share the same experience.Hofstede’s cultural dimensions1. Individualism versus collectivism2. Uncertainty avoidance3. Power distance4. Masculinity versus femininityUncertainty AvoidanceThis dimension refers to how comfortable people feel towards ambiguityCultures which ranked low (compared to other cultures), feel much more comfortable with the unknown.According to Hofstede (霍夫斯太德), uncertainty avoidance refers to the lack of tolerance for ambiguity and the need for formal rules and high-level organizational structure.\1. Culture Shock◆refers to the traumatic [tr?:'m?tik] experience that an individual may encounter when entering a different culture.◆expresses the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing what is appropriate or inappropriate.4. Stages of culture shockThe honeymoon stage ?The hostility stage ?The recovery stage ?The adjustment stage ?The biculturality stage1. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesislinguistic determinist interpretation---Language structure controls thoughts and cultural norms.linguistic relativity interpretation---Culture is controlled by and controls language.According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, language is a guide to " social reality". It implies that language is not simply a means of reporting experience but, more important, it is a way of defining experience.Eg. Nothing is more important than rice to the Chinese, so we have expressions like “人是铁,饭是钢”and “铁饭碗”.Verbal Communication StylesCulture influences the style of communication at great level. The communication style isconcerned with the use of language1.Direct and Indirect Verbal Interaction StylesIn the direct verbal style, statements clearly reveal the speaker’s intentions.Eg. U.S. Americans tend to use a straightforward form of request.In the indirect verbal style, on the other hand, verbal statements tend to hide the speaker’s actual intentions.Eg. Chinese tend to ask for a favor in a more roundabout and implicit way.(P180)2. Self-Enhancement and Self-Effacement Verbal StylesThe self-enhancement verbal style emphasizes theim portance of boasting about one’s accomplishments and abilities.Eg. In the classified ads, American ad might begin with, “A handsome, at hletic male with a good sense of humor seeks a fun-loving partner…”The self-effacement verbal style, on the other hand,emphasizes the importance of humbling oneself via verbal restraints, hesitations and modest talk.Eg. In the classified ads, Japanese ad might read, “AlthoughI am not very good-looking, I’m willing to try my best.”3. Elaborate, Exacting and Succinct StylesAn elaborate style emphasizes flashy and embellished language. This style of communication can be seen in many Arab, Middle Eastern, and Afro-Americancultures.An exacting style, where persons say no more or less than is needed, is used by Americans.A succinct style is characterized by the use of concise statements, understatements,and even silence. A succinct style can be found in Japan, China, and some NativeAmerican cultures4. Personal and Contextual StyleThe personal communication style emphasizes the individual identity of the speaker. Eg. English has only one form for the second person, that is, you.The con textual style highlights one’s role identity and status.Eg. Chinese, German and French, for example, have informal and formal forms of the pronoun you (你/您; du/Sie; tu/vous).5. Instrumental and Affective StyleAn instrumental verbal style is sender-based and goal-outcome based. The instrumental speaker uses communication to achieve some goal or outcome. Theburden of understanding often rests with the speaker.An affective communication style is receiver and process oriented. The affective speaker is concerned not so much with the outcome of the communication, but withthe process. The responsibility of understanding rests with both the speaker and the listener.2. Categories of Nonverbal CommunicationKinesics(身势语)oculesics(目光语)olfactics(嗅觉)haptics(触觉行为)chromatics(色彩学)attire (服饰)paralanguagesilencetimespacecontext1)KinesicsKinesics is the non-verbal behavior related to movement, either of any part of the body, or the body as a whole. In short all communicative body movements are generally classified as kinesics.1.Human Perception(1) Sensation(2) Perception(3) Selection(4) Organization(5) InterpretationThe definition of acculturationAcculturation(文化适应)refe rs to an individual’s learning and adopting the norms and values of the new host culture2. Modes of acculturationa. Assimilationis a process in which members of an ethnic group are absorbed into the dominant culture, losing their culture in the process.b. Integrationis a process of desiring a high level of interaction with the host culture while maintaining identity with their native culture.c. Separation and segregationSeparation is when individuals prefer low levels of interaction with the host culture and associated microcultural groups while desiring a close connection with, and reaffirmation of, their native culture. If such separation is initiated and enforced by the dominant society, this is called segregationd. Marginalization (边缘化)Marginalization occurs when the individual chooses not to identify with his or her native culture or with the host culture.StereotypingStereotypes, found in nearly every intercultural situation, are a means of organizing our images into fixed and simple categories that we use to stand for the entire collection of people. The reason for the pervasive nature of stereotypes is that human beings have a psychological need to categorize and classify.Second, stereotypes also keep us from being successful as communicators because they are over-simplified, over-generalized, and/or exaggerated. They are based on half-truths, distortions, and often untrue premises and create inaccurate pictures of the people with whom we are interacting.Third, stereotypes tend to impede intercultural communication in that they repeat and reinforce beliefs until they often become taken for "truth." For years, women were stereotypes as a rather one dimensional group. The stereotype of women as "homemakers" often keeps women from advancing in the workplace.EthnocentrismEthnocentrism refers to the belief that one' s culture is primary to all explanations of reality. We learn ethnocentrism very early in life, and primarily on the unconscious level. So it might be the major barrier to intercultural communication. The negative impact of ethnocentrism on intercultural communication is clearly highlighted by Steward and Bennett (Samovar, et al, 1998):Competent communicationCompetent communication is interactionthat is perceived as effective in fulfillingcertain rewarding objectives and is alsoappropriate to the context in which theinteraction occurs.Communication CompetenceCommunication competence is a social judgment that people make about others.Intercultural Competence“The ability to become effective and appropriate in interacting across cultures”Intercultural communication competenceIntercultural communication competence refers to the ability to accomplish effective and appropriate intercultural communication between communicators of different cultures.c. AttitudesMany attitudes contribute to intercultural communication competence, including tolerance for ambiguity, empathy, and nonjudgmentalnessd. Behaviors and skillstwo levels of behavioral competence. The macro level includes many culture-general behaviors, then there is the micro level, at which these general behaviors are implemented in culture-specific ways.Contextual Components of Intercultural CompetenceContext refers to all the information in the actual communication setting, so some intercultural communication scholars would use another term “situational features” to refer to the context.-- Another aspect of context is the communicator's position within a speech community.-- In addition, an individual’s competence may be constrained by the political, economic, and historical contexts.Things We Can Do1.Knowing ourselves2.Respecting differences and appreciate similarities3.Empathy4.Knowing ourselves5.First, we have to identify our attitudes, prejudices, and opinions that we allcarry and that bias the way the world appears to us.6.If we hold a certain attitude toward gay men, and when aman who is a gaytalks to us, our pre-communication attitude will color our response to what he says.7.Knowing our likes, dislikes, and degrees of personal ethnocentrism enables us toplace them out in the open so that we detect the ways in which these attitudesinfluence communication.Appreciate Similarities and Respect DifferencesEmpathyTo improve empathy, first, we have to remind ourselves to pay attention to the spontaneous emotional expressions of others and the situation where the interaction takes place. Then, as empathy is a reciprocal act, both parties have to be expressive so as to achieve understanding. Third, empathy can be enhanced through awareness of specific behaviors that members of a particular culture or co-culture might find impertinent or insulting. Finally, we have to remember that empathy can be increased if you resist the tendency to interpret the other's verbal and nonverbal actions from your culture' s orientation.。
红色文化与沂蒙精神复习提纲含答案整理只供参考

《红色文化与沂蒙精神》课程考试说明及复习提纲【课程考核方式】1、由平时成绩(40%)和期末成绩(60%)组成。
平时成绩和期末成绩皆按百分计算,最后总评成绩为二者结构成绩之和。
但平时成绩和期末成绩两部分成绩皆超过60分方为合格,任何一部分低于60分总评成绩皆是不合格。
2、期末考试形式:开卷考试。
从注重考记忆能力、变为考理解能力、分析能力和应用能力。
试题分两种类型一是论述题,二是材料分析题。
总分100分,其中有60分依据对教材的理解和把握既能完成,40分是需要根据试卷提供材料自己分析归纳完成。
【课程复习提纲】1、根据专题一和教材内容理解和把握临沂大学“红色育人工程”的基本内容。
一是“三进”——进校园、进课堂、进头脑。
“进校园”就是依托校园文化建设,做强红色馆、图书馆和博物馆“三馆”建设,做精电影院、大剧院和音乐厅“三院”建设,做大临沂大学学报、临沂大学报和校园网“三媒体”建设。
“进课堂”就是从教材,到课时、到学分、到考核体系,全面推进红色文化“进课堂”。
“进头脑”就是利用灌输式、熏陶式等各种方式,让红色文化在学生头脑里生根,能讲出来、写出来、演出来。
二是“三下”——下基地、下农村、下工厂。
“基地”就是我们这次挂牌的“一个中心、八个组团”临沂56个爱国主义教育基地,作为我们的的教学实践和红色育人双基地。
这“三下”不能少于一个月,下基地安排在第一学年,下农村、下工厂要结合学生的实践课程来安排。
三是“三研”——研编教材、研究课题、研发产品。
我们研编的红色文化教材,不仅仅是临沂大学的红色教材,也要成为全国老区大学的教材;研究课题方面,要成立沂蒙文化研究所,作为独立设置的研究机构,同时挂省里批准成立的红色文化研究中心、红色文化产业研究基地的牌子,还要把省里的沂蒙山文化研究纳进来,共同推进红色文化研究;研发产品就是要研发具有沂蒙老区特色的旅游纪念产品,这正是目前我们临沂旅游市场所缺乏的。
“六个一”活动:1.一场军训。
文化地理期末复习提纲

文化地理期末复习提纲文化地理学复习提要第一章绪论1-1 文化地理学的研究内容与作用一、文化地理学的定义二、文化地理学的研究内容三、文化地理学的作用思考题一、文化地理学的定义研究地表各种文化现象的空间特点和空间规律的科学。
是大学地理系的基础课程和专业课程,近年来被作为大学素质教育的素养课程。
文化地理学是一个涉及面广泛的学科。
它研究人们在空间和环境中如何组织自身,从而更好地利用和改造物质世界和精神世界。
文化地理学将一切人文事象视为人类的文化创造。
1、关于文化(1)“文化”名称的来源“天文指的是自然现象和规律,人文指的是社会现象和规律。
(2)“文化”的广、狭义1)广义的“文化”——是以人类与非人类的分野作为立论的依据。
2)狭义的文化——专指人类的精神创造,它着重人的心态部分。
(3)常用的文化概念1)文化事象当一种现象以同样的形式反复出现时,其中就含有规律性,成为某一历史时期、某一国家(民族或地域)文化发展中带有典型和标志作用的事情,这些现象称为文化事象。
例如原始的巫术、我国的传统节日春节、端午节,宫廷服饰以颜色和样式代表等级、古代的科举和现代的高考、中国戏曲的程式化动作……等等。
文化事象对人类社会存在和发展以及对其它文化事象的发展所起的作用,称作文化事象的功能。
文化事象是文化学研究的基础单位。
2)文化现象文化现象指人类文化发展过程中呈现出的某种外部状态和联系。
现象具有个别、具体、可直接观察和经验性等特点。
有些现象带有单一性,例如捕鱼的方法、网捕不同样式和大小的鱼网;观察舞蹈的场合、人数、动作、道具等等,现代城市交通拥挤、改革开放出现的民工潮等等。
每一个具体的状态,都是一种现象。
在诗歌题材问题上,律诗盛行于唐代,词盛行于宋代,曲盛行于元代……这些都是人们观察出的现象。
3)文化内涵我们把一些不属于狭义文化的事物中所具有的人文特性,即事物的人文性的一面,称为事物的文化内涵。
例如,汉文化的食具用筷子,西方文明的食具用刀叉勺;同时,有关它们的传说故事以及它们命名的由来均属于它们的人文精神属性的表现,也就是它们的文化内涵。
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第一课 文化与社会 1.文化现象?形式? 2.文化的含义? 3.文化的特征? 4.文化的实质? 5.文化的作用?政治、经济、综合国力、人 6. 文化与经济、政治的关系(相互影响的表现;相互交融的表现 7.文化与综合国力的关系 (1)文化在综合国力中的地位和作用? (2)如何应对(如何提升文化竞争力)? 8.文化与社会发展的关系? 第二课 文化对人的影响 1.文化对人的影响的来源? 2.文化对人的影响的表现? 3.文化对人的影响的特点? 4. 优秀文化对人的影响? 5.如何区分潜移默化和深远持久? 6.如何区分丰富人的精神世界、增强人的精神力量、促进人的全面发展? 7.个人发展与社会发展的关系? 第三课 文化的多样性与文化传播 1.民族节日(含义;意义)? 2.文化遗产(地位、意义)? 3.世界遗产分为哪三类? 4.文化多样性(含义;表现;原因;意义;特点;态度;原则)? 5.民族文化与世界文化的关系? 6.如何理解“文化是民族的又是世界的”? 7.为什么要尊重文化多样性 ? 8.如何尊重文化多样性? 9.文化传播(含义;途径;手段;意义) 10.现代文化传播的手段? 11.大众传媒(含义、发展阶段、出现标志、特点、作用)? 12.做中外文化交流的友好使者,推动文化传播(意义;使命) 第四课 文化的继承性与文化发展 1.传统文化的含义? 2.传统文化的表现? 3.传统文化的特点(特点有哪些、如何区分)? 4.传统文化对社会与人的发展的作用? 5.为什么要正确对待传统文化 ? 6.如何正确对待传统文化(态度是什么、怎么做) 7.继承和发展的关系(关系是什么、如何处理)? 8.影响文化发展的因素(有哪些、怎么理解)? 9.如何理解教育在文化传播中的独特功能? 10.如何全面理解教育的作用(全品114页) 第五课 文化创新 1.文化发展的实质 2.文化创新(源泉;动力;目的;主体;根基;渊源;标准;作用(意义);原因;措施(途径)? 3.社会实践和文化创新的关系? 4.文化创新是一个什么过程? 5.文化创新为什么要博采众长?怎样博采众长? 6.文化创新过程中,要克服哪两种错误的倾向? 7.文化创新过程中,如何把握好当代文化与传统文化、民族文化与外来文化的关系? 8. 新时期文化工作者的使命? 9.“学习型社会”的核心内涵、内在要求? 第六课 我们的中华文化
1.古老中华文化的发展历程?
2.中华文化的特征?
3.中华文化源远流长的重要见证?
4.中华文化源远流长的原因?
5.近代中华文化衰微的原因?
6.如何创造中华文化新的辉煌?
7.中华文化博大精深的表现?
8.如何理解中华文化的独特性、区域性、民族性?
9.中华文化源远流长、博大精深的原因?
10.包容性的含义和意义?
11.中华文化的力量?
12.文化的基本载体?
13. 中华文化、民族文化、区域文化的关系?
第七课 我们的民族精神
1.什么是民族精神? 2.什么是中华民族精神?
3.中华民族精神的基本内涵?
4.中华民族精神和中华文化的关系?
5、中华民族精神的地位的和作用?
6、爱国主义的地位、作用、特点、主题?
7、民族精神有哪些特点?如何理解?
8、各个时期中华民族精神的表现?
9、为什么要弘扬和培育民族精神?
10、当前,弘扬和培育民族精神有什么意义?
11、如何弘扬和培育民族精神?
12、如何区分民族精神里的团结统一、爱好和平、勤劳勇敢、自
强不息?
13、如何理解爱国主义不是抽象的,而是具体的?
14、民族精神的核心?时代精神的核心?民族精神与时代精神的
关系?
15.从文化传承角度,分析为什么中华民族精神能永不泯灭?
第八、九、十课
1.当代文化生活斑斓色彩的原因
2.文化生活中的“喜”与“忧”(表现;原因)
3.当前,我国人们文化需求的特点
4.大众文化(含义;发展要求)
5.落后文化和腐朽文化(含义;危害;态度;原因;区别)
6.如何净化社会文化环境
7.奏响主旋律:文化激荡看主导(是什么;为什么;怎么做)
8.当代中国的先进文化(内涵;特征;意义)
9.建设社会主义核心价值体系(基本内容:灵魂;主题;精髓;
基础; 原因;措施)
10.如何推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣
11.建设社会主义精神文明(意义;根本任务;措施)
12.大力发展教育事业(原因;措施)
13.大力发展科学事业(原因;措施)
14.大力发展文化事业和文化产业(原因;要求)
15.建设和谐文化,培育文明风尚(原因;要求)
16.如何保障人民基本文化权益(见 《全品》)
17.思想道德建设在文化建设中的地位
18.社会主义思想道德建设的主要内容
19.我国公民的基本道德规范是什么
20.社会主义荣辱观的地位和重要性
21.社会主义荣辱观与公民基本道德规范的关系
22.加强思想道德建设的原因
23.加强思想道德建设的措施(国家;个人)
24.为什么要树立社会主义荣辱观
25.思想道德修养和科学文化修养的(含义;关系-区别和联系)
26.公民如何追求更高思想道德目标
27.如何提高公民道德素质(国家;个人)
28.如何理解中国特色社会主义文化是民族的、科学的、大众的
文?