高中英语语法讲义——代词
高中英语语法讲义——代词
人称代词
单数 复数
主格
宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you
第三人称
he him
they
them
she her it
it
人称代词不同的格在句中有不同的句法功能：人称代词的主格作主语，宾格可作宾语和表语。 He would drown his sadness in coffee.（主格作主语） Thank you for your letter.（动宾） I bought a present for him.（介宾） Hi, it ’s me.（宾格作表语） 提示：
（1）在It is/ was …that/who …强调句型中，若被强调部分作主语，虽然跟在is/was 后，但仍用主格形式。 It ’s I who did it.
（2）在没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格。 -Glad to meet you. -Me , too.
用人称代词填空
1.-Jim, can you work his Sunday?
-Why______? I ’ve been working for two weeks on end.
2. On my desk is a photo that my father took of ______ when I was a baby.
物主代词
意思 类别 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his her its ours your their 名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
1．形容性物主代词
相当于形容词，置于名词前作定语。 Is this your seat, sir?
The government has changed its policy. 2.名词性物主代词
相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语、宾语。 This is not my dictionary. Mine is lent to Lucy.（作主语） This camera is mine and that is yours.（作表语）
Every person showed his ticket, and I showed mine too.（作宾语） 用物主代词填空
3. The sweet music of that laughter brought back a hundred memories of past winters. I remembered catching 数、格 人称
snowflakes on my tongue, building snowmen and always losing snowball fights with first______ brothers and then my own children.
4. This is our room, and ______ is just across the hall.
反身代词
第一人称第二人称第三人称
人称
数
单数myself yourself himself ,herself, itself
复数ourselves yourselves themselves
1.反身代词的基本用法
反身代词
作宾语：
动宾：Tom taught himself Chinese.
介宾：You can’t leave the baby by himself.
作表语：She is not quite herself today.
作同位语：I myself can repair the bike.
2.含有反身代词的习惯用语
（1）与介词连用
You’ll have to see if he has gone to Wuhan for oneself.（亲自）
The computer may shut off by itself.（自动地）
One would rather have a bedroom to oneself.（=for one’s own private use, not to be shared独自享用）
I can’t finish the work by myself.（=alone; without help单独地、独自地）
He was beside himself with joy when he heard he had passed the exam.（=almost mad with anger/excitement…由于气愤、激动等而几乎发狂、忘形）
（2）与动词连用
enjoy oneself（=have a good time）玩得开心
Behave yourself！(=Be polite! Show good manners！)规矩点！
absent oneself缺席；不参加
devote oneself to专心于；献身于
apply oneself to适应
treat oneself to sth.用…犒劳自己
make oneself at home不要客气
seat oneself (=sit) 坐
think for oneself (=form one’s own opinion)独立思考（形成自己的看法，自行决定）
He is not himself today.（be oneself处于正常状态，显得自然）
He is always boasting himself. （boast oneself自夸）
A moment later, he came to himself. （come to oneself=regain self-control or consciousness恢复自制力/；苏醒过来）
When he work up, he found himself in a hospital bed.（find oneself+介词短语/doing sth：发现自己处于某种状态或在做某事）
The money was on the table and no one was there, so he helped himself to it.（help oneself to sth=take sth for oneself擅自取用）
用反身代词填空
5. I don’t believe you. Did you see it ______?
6. It is not his fault: I cut______ with a knife.
7. We should be independent of our parents. We should depend on_______.
指示代词
指示代词用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，表示“这个，这些”，“那个，那些”。常用的有单数this, that；复数these, those。为了方便学习，我们把so, such也归到这一类。
1.指示代词的句法功能
Charlie, this is my friend, Amy. 作主语
This house is for rent. 作定语
What I want to stress is this. 作表语
What do you think of this? 作宾语
2.指示代词的用法
（1）this, that, these, those
指示代词this, these指在时间或空间上较近的人或物；
that, those指在时间或空间上较远的人或物。
This picture was painted by Robert and that one by Bruce.
I love these books but I don’t like those (ones).
知识拓展
A.用英语打电话时，this指自己，that指别人。
Hello! This is Alan. Who is that speaking?
B.刚提到的或已经完成的事情用that,而将要发生或将要提到的用this.
Little George broke the vase, but he didn’t admit it. That was very annoying.
-Professor Watson is going to give us a lecture on geology.
-This is very exciting.
（2）such的用法
such指如前面所述的这样的人或事物
Such was the result.结果就是这样。
（3）so的用法
so起指示作用时，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容。
①believe, think, expect, suppose, imagine等词后用so代替前文提出的观点。既可用于肯定句也可用于
否定。
I think/suppose/imagine/believe so.我想如此。
I don’t think/expect/suppose/imagine/believe so. =I think/expect/suppose/imagine/ believe not. 我想不是
这样。
②用于表示肯定的hope, I’m afraid后，代替前文提到的观点。
-It is going to rain this evening.
-I hope so./ I hope not.
用指示代词填空
8. This is for me and ______ is for you.
9. ______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
it的用法
1.指代上文提到的某样东西
Where is y dictionary? I left it right on the desk.
2.用以代替指示代词this, that
-What’s this?
-It's a flag.
-Whose exercise book is that?
-It’s hers.
3. 指不知性别的婴儿(baby) 或身份不明确的人（由于某种原因而不知对方是谁）
The baby cried because it was hungry.
-Who is knocking at the door?
-It’s me.
4. 指时间、天气、距离等
It is nine o’clock sharp now.
It is raining hard outside.
It is a long way to the factory.
5. 作形式主语或形式宾语
it常用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作形式主语或形式宾语而将真正的主语或宾语后置。It’s not easy to learn a foreign language.（作形式主语，代替不定式短语）
It’s impossible for him to get there in time.（作形式主语，代替不定式结构）
It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others.（作形式主语，代替动名词短语）
I find it easy to get on with Jim.（作形式宾语，代替不定式短语）
I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.（作形式宾语，代替名词性从句）
用it作形式主语或形式宾语补全句子
10. I think________________（有必要的）that we have the meeting.
11. ________________（众所周知）China has the largest population in the world.
12. ________________（据说）all of them have gone to the cinema.
6. 熟记下列有关it的固定结构
I take it that you don’t agree with me.（我的理解是…）
I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.（讨厌…）
I like it when she sings me a song.（喜欢…）
I can't help it if he is always late.（没办法）
I would appreciate it if you can help me.（将不胜感激）
I don’t mind it if you are late.（不会介意）
Please see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough money when you go out.（确保）
You can count on it that he is very smart.（相信…）
As someone puts it: Practice makes perfect.（正如…所说的那样）
You needn’t go if you don’t feel like it.（不愿意）
When it comes to football, he is more excited.（提到…）
7. 用于强调句型（详见特殊句式专题）
用适当的代词填空
13. I hate______ when people talk with their mouths full.
14. ______ is not what your father is but whether you can do the work well that matters.
15. ______ is a wonder（that）he continues to gamble when he always loses！
不定代词
都 任何 都不 两个人或物 both either neither 三个或三个以上的人或物；不可数名词
all
any
none
如：I ’ve bought two books; you can have either.
I am sorry I can ’t lend you any (money). None of this money is mine. 用适当的代词填空
16. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ______ of them again.
17. The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but______ contained any useful suggestions. （二）one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those 的区别 替代
one a/an+单数名词 ones 零冠词+复数名词 the one the+单数名词 the ones the+复数名词
that the+单数可数名词或不可数名词（尤其是有后置定语时） those
the+复数名词（尤其是有后置定语时）
We have various summer camps for your holidays, you can choose one (=a summer camp) based on your own interests.（one 代替“a/an+单数名词”）
Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=presents) that I had never seen.
The book on the desk is better than the one/that （=the book ）under the desk.（the one/that 代替“the+单数名词”）
The books on the desk are better than the ones/those （=the books ）under the desk.（the ones/those 代替“the+复数名词”）
Little joy can equal that (=the joy) of a surprising ending when you read stories.（that 代替 “the+不可数名词”） 用适当的代词填空：
18. I ’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_______ in the city. 19. Helping others is a habit, ________ you can learn even at an early age.
（三）one, another, the other; some, others, the others 的区别 一个/一些 另外一个/一些 剩余的一个/一些 单数 one another the other 复数 some
others
the others
一本/一些书 另外一本/一些书 剩余的一本/一些书 单数 one book another book the other book 复数
some books
other books
the other books
注意：
1.the other 后通常加可数名词（单数/复数），不能加不可数名词；短语the rest of （剩余的）后既可以加词义
指代
可数名词（单数或复数），也可以加不可数名词；else只能放在不定代词或特殊疑问词后。
-What did you do last weekend?
-Oh, nothing else.
2. 体会下列句子中黑体词的用法
（1）I have two books: one is English, and the other (one) / one is French.
（2）He will stay here for another three/ three other/ three more days.
（3）There are many books on the table: some are English, the others/ the rest are French.
（4）He’ll be in a wheelchair for the rest of his life.
（5）Would you please make it some other day/ another day?
（6）I saw him in London the other day/ week/ month. (=a few days/ weeks/ months ago)
（7）He has no other close friends like John.
（8）If this dictionary is not yours, who else’s can it be?
用another或the other填空
20. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have________ one this month.
21. He raised one arm and then________.
（四）someone/somebody/something, anyone/anybody/anything, everyone/everybody/ everything, no 某任何每个，所有没有
人someone/
somebody anyone/
anybody
everyone/
everybody
no one/
nobody
物something anything everything nothing
Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly anything (almost nothing) left in the house.
（五）none, nobody/no one, nothing的区别
指代用来回答相当于
none 人或物how many
how much
not a/an/any+名词
或no+名词
nobody
(no one) 人who
not anyone
not anybody
nothing 物what not anything
-How much money do you have? -None.
If I had some money, I would lend him some, but unfortunately, I have none. (none= not any money)
I wished someone could help me, but there was no one at the moment. (no one=not anyone)
2. none后面可跟of短语，而something/anything/everything/nothing和someone/anyone/ everyone/ no one 却不能。如：
As we were asleep, none of us heard the sound.
None of them knew about the plan because it was kept as a secret.
用none, nobody (no one), nothing填空
22. ________ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it.
23. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ________ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
24. -Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.
-But________ of them are in fashion now.
25. I couldn’t just stand by and do________.
（六）含复合不定代词的习惯短语
He is nothing but a clerk. 只是
He is anything but a clerk. 根本不
She is something of a doctor. She has saved many lives. 可以说
He is a scientist or something. 之类
Your house is something like ours. 有点像
They get something like 97% renewals every year. 大约
用anything, nothing填空
26. She’s always trying to get something for ________.
27. They work very hard. They are ________ but lazybones.
28. The visit is boring. It is ________ but a waste of time.
any every not any not every
（三个或三个以上的）任何一个（三个或三个以上
的）每一个
任何人/物都不（全部
否定）
并非每个（部分否定）
I have many books here, and you can take any one.
Every student has to take the examination.
=All the students have to take the examination.
（八）each, every的区别
词性功能意义
every 限定词定语三个或三个以上中的
每一个，强调“整体”
each 代词、限定词主语、宾语、同位语、
定语
两个或两个以上中的
每一个，强调“个体”
Each of my children goes to a different school.
Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars.
=The tickets cost 10 dollars each.
=The tickets each cost 10 dollars.
Every man is not honest.= Not every man is honest.并非每个人都诚实。用each或every填空
29. He had a cut on_______ foot.
30. _______ child in the class passed the examination.
31. _______ of the houses is slightly different.
32. I asked all the children and _______ told a different story.
（九）many, much, few, little, a few, a little的区别
多少
复数名词概念many few
不可数名词概念much little
肯定否定
复数名词概念 a few few
不可数名词概念 a little little
注意：only a few=few; only a little= little; quite a few= many; quite a little=much
33. _______（很多）people don’t have_______（很多）food.
34. _______（很多）of the mistakes were just caused by carelessness.
35. _______（很少）people can live to be 100 years old.
36. You have done_______（很少）for me.
37. Come in and have_______（一点）whisky.
38. She has written many books but I’ve only read_______（少数）.
（十）全部否定和部分否定
all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及“every+名词”都表示全部肯定；
no one, none, nobody, nothing, not…any以及“no+名词”都表示全部否定；
当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后都表示部分否定。此外，not与总括性副词如everywhere, always, wholly, altogether等连用时也表示部分否定。
Not all of them smoke. =All of them don’t smoke.
All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out his problem.
Such a thing can’t be found everywhere.
用不定代词填空
39. I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like_______ of them very much.
40. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, ________ of them answered it.
疑问代词
1.who 和whom的用法
who是主格，在句中常作主语、宾语；whom是宾格，在句中常作宾语。在口语中who可代替whom作宾语，但whom前有介词时除外。
Who do you think is better?（作主语）
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child?（作介词with的宾语）
With whom did you discuss the question?（whom不可用who替代，因为前面有介词with）
2.whose的用法
表示“谁的”，既可置于名词前作定语，也可单独使用。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
Whose is better, yours or hers?（作主语）
Whose side are you on? （作定语）
Whose do you love better, Jack’s or Sally’s car? （作宾语）
Helen has already taken her bag away. Whose is this? （作表语）
3.which与what的用法
两者均可就人或物提问，但which一般用于有选择范围的情况，what用于无选择范围或选择范围不清楚的情况。which后可跟of, 而what不可。which, what还可置于名词前作定语。
Which would you like to eat, meat or fish？
What boys do you like best?
知识拓展what的习惯用法
（1）注意what与下列黑体单词的搭配
the population?
the distance?
the price?
What is your address?
your attitude?
the height/ weight/ depth/ length/ width/ size?
（2）What…for?和What for?用于询问原因和目的。
-What did you put it into the soup for?
-It would improve the taste.
-I’m going to the grocery store.
-What for? We still have enough food in the fridge.
（3）What if…?表示假设、建议、征求意见或疑惑？
What if it rains while we are on the way?
（4）What do you mean (by…)?表示愤怒、不满等情绪。
What do you mean by shutting the door so loudly?
（5）What/How about…?用于征求对方意见、询问对方的情况。
-We need one more player.
-What about Elaine? She is a very nice girl.
（6）疑问词what构成的习惯用语。
So what?（表示不感兴趣或认为不重要）
Guess what?（用于引起他人的注意）
What next?（店员用于）还要什么？
4.what和who的区别
一般what问职业或地位；who问的是姓名或身份。
-Who is that over there?
-It’s Robert.
-What is the man over there?
-He is a doctor.
用疑问代词填空
41. _______ is the population of China?
42. _______ is better exercise-swimming or tennis?
答案：1. me 2. me 3. my 4. yours 5. yourself 6. myself 7. ourselves 8. that 9. Such
10. it (is) necessary 11. It is well known that 12. It is said that 13. it 14. It 15. It
16. either 17. neither 18. that 19. one 20. another 21. the other 22. No one/ Nobody 23. nothing 24. none 25. nothing 26. nothing 27. anything 28. nothing 29. each
30. Every 31. Each 32. each 33. Many; much 34. Many 35. Few 36. little 37. a little
38. a few 39. either 40. neither 41. What 42. Which
高频考点
1.either, neither, both, all, any, none的区别
2.none, no one, nobody, nothing的区别
3.everything, something, anything, nothing及其习惯搭配的区别
4.one, another, the other, some, others, the others的区别
5.one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it的区别
代词练习（一）
1.How would you like _________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and came into the room and just shut it off without asking you ?
2.The quality of education in this small school is better than _________ in some larger schools .
3.The meeting will be held in September ,but _________ knows the date for sure .
4.To warm himself ,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the _________.
5.Niki is always full of ideas ,but _________ is useful to my knowledge .
6.An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year , making _________the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
7.Susan made _________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself .
8.A smile costs _________,but gives much..
9.In some countries , people eat with chopsticks, while in _________ ,knives and forks.
10.---Who’s that at the door ?
--- is the milkman .
11.You can ask anyone for help . _________ here is willing to lend you a hand .
12.I’d appreciate _________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come .
13.She’d lived in London and Manchester ,but she liked _________ and moved to Cambridge .
14.---When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon ?
---_________ .I’ll be in all day .
15.It’s an either-or situation ----we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do _________.
16.At our factory there are a few machines similar to _________ described in this magazine .
17.Recycling is one way to protect the environment ;reusing is _________ .
18.This project requires close teamwork . _________ will be achieved unless we work well together .
19. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than_________ on the small ones.
20.Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years ,she lost _________ of her enthusiasm for life .
21.Studying Wendy’s menu, I found that many of the items are similar to _________ of McDonald’s.
22 Sarah made_________ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning . .
23.Sophia waited for a reply ,but _________ came .
24.If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand ,could you get _________for me .
https://www.360docs.net/doc/a811524710.html,rry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him , but _________ of them wants to , because they have work to do.
26.When you are done with the book ,just give it to Lucy or Helen or _________ .
27. New technologies have made _________ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
28.I got this bicycle for _________ :My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one .
29.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _________.
代词练习（二）
1.---What about your job, Tom ?
----I promise to see to _________that it will be done on time .
2.During the rush hour , I have been looking for a taxi but haven’t found _________ yet .
3.---Mom ,I’ll stay in to accompany my grandpa this evening .
---Suit _________！
4.---What is the man ,do you know ?
---I don’t know exactly .But I think he can be _________ but a teacher .
5.He didn’t make _________ clear when the meeting would be held .
6.In societies where social roles are determined , boys usually copy the behavior of their fathers ,and girls
_________of their mothers.
7.The book is of great value . _________can be enjoyed unless you digest it .
8.The wedding dress of the Princess is noble and elegant . _________ is the beauty of this style that it will be popular with young women .
9.---Hi ,John ！I’m going to see the film HobbitⅢ this evening .
--- HobbitⅢ? A fantastic film , _________ I’ve been longing to see .
10.Wherever he is ,he makes _________ a rule to give his mother a call every day .
11.---Which of those do you like best ?
--- _________.They are all too expensive and don’t go well with my new suit .
代词练习（三）
“Without the ball，I'm half complete of__1__,” Luis Figo, one of the world's greatest football players once said.
The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.
He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing__2__one hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for__3__in Lisbon. “Figo, Figo,”__4__(all, both) shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.
The Real Madrid player,31，wants to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win__5__(another, other) Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 60.1 million dollars in 2000, and he showed__6__(everyone, anyone) what a great player he was by l winning FIFA's Footballer of the Year award in 2001. “Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player,” said FIFA President Josep h Blatter in 2001.“Figo__7__is a real leader__8__always tries his best on the field and a good team player. He doesn't have any problems working together with his teammate at Real Madrid, star footballer David Beckham.” In fact，Figo was the first__9__to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team，and we can help one__10__and work together to be successful,” Figo said.
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
代词练习答案（一）
1.it
2.that
3.nobody
4.other
5.none
6.it
7.it
8.nothing/ little
9.others 10.it
11.Everyone/ Everybody 12.it 13.neither 14.Either 15.both 16.those 17 another 18.Nothing
19.that 20.none 21.those 22.it 23none 24one 25neither 26.whoever 27. it 28nothing
29.it
代词练习答案（二）
1.it
2.one
3.yourself
4.anything
5.it
6.that
7.Nothing
8.Such
9.one 10.it 11.None
代词练习答案（三）
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。介绍了足球明星路易斯·菲戈从事足球竞技的历程。
1．解析：主语是“I”，故设空处为I的反身代词myself。答案：myself
2．解析：根据上下文及设空处后的match可知设空处应为物主代词his。答案：his
3．解析：介词后应该用代词的宾格，此处用him来指代Luis Figo。答案：him
4．解析：设空处表示三者以上的每一个，故选择all。both指“两者都”，不符合语境。答案：all
5．解析：设空处后的Spanish Cup为单数名词，故设空处为another。答案：another
6．解析：everyone表示某范围之内的每个人；anyone任何人。根据句意可知本空应填everyone。
答案：everyone
7．解析：根据该句句子结构可推知设空处应用反身代词作Figo的同位语，故答案为himself。答案：himself 8．解析：“__8__always tries his best on the field”为定语从句，先行词为a real leader，将先行词代入定语从
句后为：The real leader always tries his best on the field.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导。答案：who
9．解析：此处用one代替footballer。答案：one
10．解析：one another为相互代词，意为：相互。答案：another
高中英语语法总结大全-代词
高中英语语法总结大全之代词 人称代词的用法 1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如： John waited a while but eventually he went home. 约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如： When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。 2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如： I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾语，them做介词宾语，her作主语补语） a. -- Who broke the vase?--谁打碎了花瓶？ b. -- Me.--我。（me作主语补语= It's me.） 说明：在上面两例句中，her和me分别作主语补语。现代英语中多用宾格，在正式文体中这里应为she和I。 人称代词之主、宾格的替换 1) 宾格代替主格 a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语。 ---- I like English.--我喜欢英语。 ---- Me too.--我也喜欢。 ---- Have more wine?--再来点酒喝吗? ---- Not me.--我可不要了。 b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。 He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am. 2) 主格代替宾格 a. 在介词but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。 b. 在电话用语中常用主格。 ---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和玛丽通话。 ---- This is she. --我就是玛丽。 注意：在动词be 或to be 后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。 I thought it was she. 我以为是她。(主格----主格) I thought it to be her.(宾格----宾格) I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格----主格) They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。(宾格----宾格)
高中英语语法总结
高中英语语法总结 懂一点语法，在英语阅读方面的理解会更加透彻。下面是小编给大家整理的高中英语语法的相关知识，供大家参阅! 高中英语语法：助动词一.概念: 助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种. 二.相关知识点精讲: 1. 助动词be的用法 1) be +现在分词，构成进行时态。例如： They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 2) be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如： The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。 3) be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容： a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如： He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。 We are to teach the freshmen. 我们要教新生。 说明：这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 b. 表示命令。例如：
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。 c. 征求意见。例如： How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢? d. 表示相约、商定。例如： We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。 2. 助动词have的用法 1)have +过去分词，构成完成时态。例如： He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。 2)have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时。例如： I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。 3)have +been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态。例如： English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。 3.助动词do 的用法 1)构成一般疑问句。例如：
高中英语语法大全归纳总结-高中语法归纳总结
高中英语语法权威解析 目录: 第０１章名词性从句 第0２章“Iｔ”用法及其句型与固定搭配讲解 第03章高中英语语法中得省略现象 第04章主谓一致 第05章动词不定式 第06章倒装结构 第07章定语从句 第０8章被动语态 第09章祈使句 第10章感叹句 第１1章疑问句 第12章名词 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用得句子叫名词性从句(Ｎｏun Cｌaｕsｅs)。名词性从句得功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同得语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句与同位语从句、一. 主语从句 主语从句就是在复合句中充当主语得从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语与ｉt引导强调句得比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要就是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句得连接词没有变化、而i ｔ引导得强调句则就是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调得就是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/ｗｈｏｍ、例如: ａ) It isａpitｙｔhaｔyoｕｄidn’t go ｔo seｅｔhｅｆilm.您不去瞧那场电影真可惜。 b) It doeｓn’tｉntereｓt me whethｅrｙou sｕｃceed or not、我对您成功与否不感兴趣、 c) Ｉｔisｉn thｅｍoｒnｉng thaｔｔｈe ｍurder took place. 谋杀案就是在早上发生得、(强调句型) d) Ｉt is Joｈn tｈat broke ｔｈeｗｉｎdow。就是Joｈn打碎得窗户。(强调句型) 2、用ｉt 作形式主语得结构 (1)It is + 名词＋从句 It is ａfaｃt tｈat…事实就是… Ｉt ｉs an honor ｔhat …非常荣幸 It ｉｓｃommon knowlｅdge ｔhat …就是常识 (2)Ｉt is + 形容词+从句 It is naturａl thａt…很自然… It ｉｓstrａｎｇe that…奇怪得就是…(3) It ｉｓ＋不及物动词+ 从句 Ｉｔｓｅems thａｔ…似乎… Ｉt ｈappeneｄthat…碰巧… Iｔappeaｒs that…似乎…
高考英语语法专题复习--代词
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高中英语语法总结(完整版;高中必看!)
高中英语语法总结（完整版；高中必看！） 专题一：定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom指人在从句中作宾语 whose指人或物在从句中作定语 as指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个
（2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高中英语语法知识——代词
高中英语语法知识——代词 英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为九种： 人称代词分为主格（如：I, you, he等）和宾格（如：me, you, him） 物主代词分为形容性物主代词（如：my, his, your）和名词性物主代词（如：mine, his, yours） 指示代词常见的有四个：this这，that那, these这些, those那些 反身代词如：myself我自己，himself他自己，themselves他们自己 疑问代词用在特殊疑问句中。有：who, whom, whose, what, which。如：Who is that boy? What do you like? 不定代词如：some一些, many许多, both两个都, everything, everybody等 关系代词引导定语从句。如：This is the boy who won the race. 相互代词指each other 与one another，意为“互相” 连接代词疑问代词在引导从句时，都称为连接代词，包括who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whomever, whichever, whatever，一共九个。如： It is clear enough what she meant. 她是什么意思很清楚。（引导主语从句） I don’t care what they think. 他们怎么想我不管。（引导宾语从句）
第1讲人称代词 第2讲指示代词 人称代词分为主格和宾格。 考点1. 代词作同位语 如果代词和名词指代相同时，常用主格或宾格作同位语，不用物主代词。改错：Our Chinese people are friendly. 把our改为we, 因为我们本身就是中国人。 考点2. 用人称代词宾格代替主格的情况 ①口语中作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，不用主格。—Who is it? —It’s me. ②在比较句型中，as和than后的主格可以用宾格代替。I am taller than she/her.He is as tall as she/her. ③ but, except作“除了……”解并且位于主语之后时，后面可以跟主格也可跟宾格。Nobody but/except he/him knew it. ④人称代词单独出现时，常用宾格。Who runs faster, you or me? 考点3. this, that that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用, this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用。I want to tell you this: the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come.
高中英语语法代词及练习
第三讲代词 代词主要分为以下几类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词，指示代词, 疑问代词, 不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 (1)在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别。(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： 在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一（人称）。宾格me也一样。 You ,she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. (3)she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 The “Titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she? (4) it 指代baby Look at that baby. It's lovely. (5)It 作形式主语 It is wrong to build a chemical factory here. 2.物主代词 （1）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。do sth. on one's own= do sth by oneself （2）某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。 如：take sb. by the arm 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。
（2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood adapt oneself to seat oneself devote oneself to sth 4.指示代词（this, that , these, those, such, ） (1)为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing. The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox. （2）such和same的用法。 (i). such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语。 Such was the story. Such was Einstein, a simple man of great achievement. (ii) such 修饰名词，做定语 I didn't expect to meet such great trouble in the work. 这家店出售手套，帽子和运动鞋之类的东西。______________________. We have never seen such a tall building..=so tall a building 5、疑问代词（who,whom,which,what,whose） (1)疑问代词与介词的连用 To whom did he give the message? 你为谁买的蓝西装？________________________ 6、不定代词 （1）some与any （都有代词的名词和形容词用法）,anyone, anybody i)一般用法：some、any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。some一般用于肯定句，any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。 He has some Chinese paintings. Do you have any questions to ask?
(完整版)人教版高中英语必修一语法知识点总结
人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 二、语法----直接引语和间接引语 概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则 （一）陈述句的变化规则 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。 人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思 例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化
精选高中英语语法归纳总结
高中英语语法总结 第一章主谓一致 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go o ut for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。 4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。 None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
《高中英语语法汇总》
《高中英语语法大全》(word下载版) 本文件内容丰富，讲解详细，层次分明，重点突出，包括高中英语中非常详尽的知识点、易错点、易混点、常考点等，是高中学生和老师非常实用而而且管用语法大全。适合不同层次的高中学生使用。 《高中英语语法大全》第01章名词 一、概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词，如boy 男孩，mother 母亲，news 消息，progress 进步，computer 计算机，Tom 汤姆，Paris 巴黎，Japan 日本，furniture 家具，等。 名词根据其词汇意义，通常分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词主要指人、地方、组织、机构等的专有的名称，专有名词的第一个字母通常大写，如Mary 玛丽，Mr Green 格林先生，Beijing 北京，等；普通名词通常指人、物、概念等的一般名称。根据普通名词的语法性质，它又可以细为个体名词、物质名词、集合名词和抽象名词四类：个体名词表示人或物的个体，如girl 女孩，pen 钢笔，等；物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如wood 木头，meat 肉，等；集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family 家庭，crowd 人群，等；抽象名词表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念，如work 工作，happiness 幸福，等。 二、名词的数 1.名词复数的构成方法 (1)在一般情况下，加词尾 -s： book / books 书 pen / pens 钢笔 face / faces 脸 (2)以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es： bus / buses 公共汽车 box / boxes 盒子 dish / dishes 盘子 注：有些以 ch 结尾的名词，由于其发音不是 [k] 而是 [tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach / stomachs 胃。 (3)以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；以―元音字母＋y‖结尾的名词，直接加词尾s： city / cities 城市 boy / boys 男孩 key / keys 钥匙
(完整版)高中英语语法-代词和练习题
高中英语语法---代词 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词\疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 （1）人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下情况： 在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me但在下列句中有区别。 I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her. I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too. (2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： ①在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一（人称）。宾格me也一 样。 You ,she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. ②第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。 He and she still don’t agree to the pl an. (3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。 ①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人。 ②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 The “Titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she? 2.物主代词 （1）名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。 （2）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 （2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood （3）反身代词还可用于某些成语中。 for oneself为自己或独立地，of oneself自然地，自动地by oneself独自地，in oneself 本身性质，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极 This problem gets a chapter to itself.这个问题占了一章（独有）。 Just between ourselves, I don’t think much of him.私下地说我并不怎么看重他。 They were discussing about it among themselves.（相互共同） Left to himself he began to write.别人走后只留下他，他写了起来。 4.相互代词（each other, one another） 相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each other’s 、one another’s ,作定语。一般来说，each other指两者之间，one another指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。 5.指示代词（this, that , these, those, such, same） 指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。
高中英语语法 - 代词专项练习题
高中英语代词练习题 1. By the way, who will teach ___pop music next term? A. us B. Our C. ours D. we 2. Both Pingping and Beibei have done ___homework. A. his B. Her C. their D. both’s 3. Everybody is here, ___? A. isn’t everybo dy B. isn’t it C. isn’t he D. aren’t they 4. It was ___ who wrote those words on the blackboard. A. he B. Him C. himself D. his 5. He wants nothing but a house of ____. A. his own B. Himself c. his father D. his own house 6. Can you express ___ in English? A. yourself B. You C. yours D.yours’ 7. One of them hasn’t got ___ lessons prepared. A. her B. Its C. one’s D. his 8. You don’t look quite ___ today. What’s the matt er with you? A. you B. Your C. your own D. yourself 9. Though ___ is a long way from here, we’ll do our best to reach there in time. A. there B. it C. its D. itself 10. We don’t consider ___ necessary for them to move into that house. A. that B. This C. it D. them 11. ___ is a great and glorious country. A. Our B. Ours C. Its D. Our’s 12. He parents are going on a study trip with a friend of ___. A. them B. Their C. themselves D. theirs 13. I’m sorry to say ___ of your answers are correct. A. none B. Neither C. both D. any 14. --- Who is that knocking at the door? ----_____ must be the milkman. A. He B. She C. It D. The man 15. ___ agree to your plan. A. Anyone of us B. No one of us C. None of us D. Someone of us 16. The books here are not so well written as ___ on the shelf. A. that B. Those C. ones D. them 17. My father is a farmer, but ___ is yours? A. who B. How C. which D. what 18. ___ do you think of my composition? A. How B. What C. Which D. Why 19. ___ of you would like to get me the bike? A. Which B. What C. Whom D. Whomever 20. Please write on the paper ___ line. A. each other B. every other C. all other D. this and that 21. Would you lend me ___ of your money, please? A. any B. many C. some D. a lot of 22. Sorry, but I have only ___ ink left over. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 23. ___ who come from the countryside, please fill out the form. A. All B. Anyone C. These D. Those 24. She went for a swim in the pool yesterday and I’ll do ___ this afternoon. A. it B. such C. same D. the same 25. There’re tall buildings on ___ side of the street. A. either B. both C. every D. any 26. ___ must do ___ best to serve the people. A. One…his B. One…her C. One…one D. Ones…ones’ 27. He has quite a lot of interesting magazines but I have ___. A. no B. none C. no one D. neither 28. ___ are fond of collecting stamps. A. Both the children B. Both of children
高中英语语法归纳总结 有哪些重要的语法
高中英语语法归纳总结有哪些重要的语法 高中英语有哪些重要的语法呢，学好语法是提升英语成绩的关键，下面 小编为大家提供高中英语语法总结，仅供大家参考。 ? ?高中英语中常用的介词表示时间的at, in,on ?(1)at：表示片刻的时间，at 8 o'clock，at midnight, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。 ?(2)in：表示一段的时间，如in the morning, in the afternoon, in October,in the past等。 ?(3)on：总是跟日子有关，on Sunday, on Christmas morning,等。 ?表示时间的since 和from： ?(1)since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用. ?(2)from 表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。 ?如：I hope to do morning exercises from today.我希望从今天开始每天做早操。 ?表示时间的in 和after： ?两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后，区别在于in表示“在(一段时间)之后” ，而after 则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后)，in 短语和将来时态连用，after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。 ?如：We'll leave in three days.我们3天内会离开。 ?After two months he returned.2个月之后他回来了。 ?表示“穿过……”的through 和across：through 表示从内部通过，与in 有
《高中英语语法汇总》最全、最实用
《高中英语语法大全》 本文件内容丰富，讲解详细，层次分明，重点突出，包括高中英语中非常详尽的知识点、易错点、易混点、常考点等，是高中学生和老师非常实用而而且管用语法大全。适合不同层次的高中学生使用。 《高中英语语法大全》第01章名词 一、概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词，如boy 男孩，mother 母亲，news 消息，progress 进步，computer 计算机，Tom 汤姆，Paris 巴黎，Japan 日本，furniture 家具，等。 名词根据其词汇意义，通常分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词主要指人、地方、组织、机构等的专有的名称，专有名词的第一个字母通常大写，如Mary 玛丽，Mr Green 格林先生，Beijing 北京，等；普通名词通常指人、物、概念等的一般名称。根据普通名词的语法性质，它又可以细为个体名词、物质名词、集合名词和抽象名词四类：个体名词表示人或物的个体，如girl 女孩，pen 钢笔，等；物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如wood 木头，meat 肉，等；集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family 家庭，crowd 人群，等；抽象名词表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念，如work 工作，happiness 幸福，等。 二、名词的数 1.名词复数的构成方法 (1)在一般情况下，加词尾 -s： book / books 书 pen / pens 钢笔 face / faces 脸 (2)以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es： bus / buses 公共汽车 box / boxes 盒子 dish / dishes 盘子 注：有些以 ch 结尾的名词，由于其发音不是 [k] 而是 [tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach / stomachs 胃。 (3)以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾s： city / cities 城市 boy / boys 男孩 key / keys 钥匙