听力考试常用句式及短语

听力考试常用句式及短语

对以往试题的分析表明，考试听力部分所涉及的题材句式都比较有限，我们完全可以通过熟悉相关的句式来间接地为听力部分做准备。我们归纳总结了以下几个部分，应该说大部分都是读者们比较熟悉的了，但是一定不要因为看上去比较熟就不去重视它们。

★一、数字表达类(Numbers)

听力试题中所考察的题目很大一部分是根据所听内容填写诸如数字、时间和地点等具体信息。而数字、时间等信息正是中国考生最不容易听清楚的。下面我们将数字、时间等英语语言信息的日常表达方法介绍给大家：

1.英语中纯数字的表达方法

大于100的数字：

101 one hundred (and ) one

200 two hundred

998 nine hundred ( and ) ninety eight

在英语中上面括弧中的and 一般不能省略；而在美国英语中却往往省去。请分析下面的对话：

A：How many people are killed in the terrorists' attacking at America？

B: That's nine hundred and ninety eight, exactly.

A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?

B: Ha, ha... surely I am joking. You silly goose.

大于1000的数字：

1001 a/one thousand (and) one

2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty two

900,732,266,043

nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty two million two hundred sixty six forty three

英语中一千以上数字的表达方法是以三位数为单元，从高到低billion，million，thousand 而依次读出的。因此我们在听时，可以三位数三位数地记录。试比较下面的对话：

A：Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country？

B：One billion four hundred thirty two million two hundred sixty six forty three.

A：Thank you very much。

2.英语中时间的表达方法

英语中时间的表达方法主要有直接法和借用介词法等。

(1)直接法。

上午八点eight AM (a.m。) ［ei em］

下午九点nine PM (p.m。) ［pi em］

六点六分six six

六点三十二six thirty two

八点正eight o'clock

(2)借用介词法。

八点四十五 a quarter to nine

七点零五分five past seven

七点五十四six to eight

六点半half past six

(3)表示正点的用法。

十一点正at 11 o'clock sharp

at 11 o'clock on the hour

at 11 o'clock on the strike

正午12点at noon

午夜12点at midnight

时间表示法和时段的简单运算是听力考试的热点，请看下面的对话：

W: How long does the class usually last?

M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty。

So...

W: That is forty five minutes. Thank you very much!

Q: When does the class usually start?

★二、日常用语(Everyday English)

日常问候用语是考生必须熟练运用的知识，这与考生的口语操练有很大关系。说促进听，是许多英语学习者的心得。而且日常问候要视人而定，如英国人见面谈天气，美国人见面问身体等。下面作详细介绍：

1.问候类(Greetings)

英语中的问候用语非常繁多，正式的通常有：

How do you do ？(初次见面通常用语)

How are you？(比较熟悉的人之间用语)

How are you getting along with...？(你近来.。.可好？)

How are you doing？(您工作还顺利吧？)

How is everything？(一切还好吧？)

How is your vacation/holiday(s)/Christmas Day/weekend？(假期怎么样？)

当今美国社会流行口语用语，大致有：

What's up？(近来可忙？)

Hello？Hi？

What's going on ？(近来可好？)

How is life？

How is it going？anything new？

Pleased to meet you again！

对以上问候的对答通常有How do you do!

Fine！Thank you，and you？

Every is fine！

I'm just great！

Very(quite)well，thank you！

Couldn't be better，thank you！

Not bad！

Can't complain!

Just so so.

值得一提的是，随着美语越来越广泛地渗透，听力中用美语朗读且以美国社会为背景的题材的趋势愈加明显。考生要注意日常口语对话，及时吸取信息，将对听力有很大的帮助。请看下面的对话：

A：Good morning, Ms Lucy. This is Betty, can you still remember me?

B：Betty? Is it really? Surely I remember you. You are my good friend, and I haven't seen you for ages, but how are you?

A：Fine, I'm just fine, Ms Lucy...

2.告别类(Farewell)

有聚总有散。告别情景的设置往往并非简单、直接地告别，常伴随着理由、托辞等。直接的告别话语有：

Good bye! (Bye?bye! Bye!)

See you (tomorrow)！See you later!

So long! Farewell!

委婉的告别辞有：

I'd like to say goodbye to everyone.

I'm afraid I must be going now.

I'm calling to say goodbye.

其他带有祝愿以及叮嘱等的告别辞有：

I'll look forward to seeing you soon.

Let's hope we'll meet again.

Hope to see you again.

Drop in anytime you like.

Mind how you go, bye!

Take care of yourself, and don't forget to keep in touch.

Do keep in touch！

My regards to your family.

A pleasant journey to you!

I'll miss you!

Be Good！

这种表达方式与中国人的日常言谈颇为相似，所以有时不妨可作大胆推测。

请在下面的对话中对此加以体会：

M: I'm afraid I've got to go now。

W: Can't you stay just another minute?

M: Oh, dear, I really have to...

W: Ok, take care of yourself, and I will miss you. Bye!

M: Bye!...

3. 介绍(Introduction)

在日常生活中我们会经常碰到一些朋友小聚会，生日晚会等场面。在这些活动中，总会有一些我们不认识的人，因而互相介绍在这里就显得非常的重要。在听力中，人物介绍往往是一句带过，因此通过这些有限句子弄清人物关系十分重要。同时要注意语气的委婉。

英语中介绍性的语句通常有：

May I know your name？(请问贵姓？)

It's my pleasure to introduce you to each other。(我非常高兴给你们互相介绍) May I introduce Mr. Bill to you all？(请允许我给大家介绍以下比尔先生)

Margaret，can you introduce me to her？(玛格丽特，你能不能把我介绍给她？) Let me introduce you to others。(让我给大家介绍一下你吧)

Meet my sister Cathy。(这是我的姐(妹)凯丝)

Bill, this is Tom.

Hi, I'm Susan，this is my calling card。(你好！我是苏珊，这是我的名片)

下面是对话：

A: Mum, this is Peter. I mentioned him to you yesterday. He is my new boyfriend!

B: Oh, yeah, I see. Glad to meet you, Peter.

C: Glad to meet you too, Mrs Back. This is my calling card.

B: Oh, the manager of IMC. How come? Mary, you said last night he was only a milkman…

A: Yeah, mum. Peter is a milkman. He is the manager of International Milk Corporation. You see, he is the only person in his corporation he founded this morning.

B: My God!

4. 邀请和拜访(Invitation and dropping in)

我们在日常生活中，经常会邀请他人或被邀请一起去做一些事，如参加一些朋友的聚会、拜访长辈或名人。英美人说话很委婉，要注意情态动词与固定句型的应用。邀请有书面的，也有口头的。英语中常用的邀请语有

Would you like to come over our small party？(你愿意参加我们的小聚会吗？) If you ever in Beijing, please do look me up。(如果你来北京，请一定来看我) Would you like to join us？(喜欢和我们一起吗？)

Shall we dance？(我们可以跳个舞吗？)

Shall we go for a walk？(去散步，好吗？)

What about another coffee？(再来一杯咖啡？)

Shall we go to see a film？(去看电影，好吗？)

May I have a dance with you？(可以请你跳个舞吗？)

We'd be very honored if you come to our wedding ceremony。(如果你能参加婚礼，我们将感到非常的荣幸。)

Would you honor us with a visit？(可否赏光来我们这儿？)

I'd like to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony。(我希望你能参加我们的毕业典礼。)

I'm very sorry，but can we make it another time？(很对不起，下次可以吗？) Welcome to our city！(欢迎光临我们的城市！)

Are you free this evening？I want to pay you a visit。(晚上有时间吗？我想去看你。)

I really can't thank you enough for the invitation。(得到你的邀请，我感激涕零。)

It's my great honor to attend this grand graduation ceremony。(能参加这次盛大的毕业典礼，我感到非常的荣幸。)

对于别人邀请的回答要注意分寸，也要礼貌对待。总之，"客套"是此类对话

的本质。在听力题目的情景对话中，邀请的日常用语也经常出现。下面是一些模拟听力对话：

Dialogue 1

M: Will you do me the honor of dancing with me, Mrs. Jones?

W: Oh, I'm really sorry. I've done too much of it.

M: Ok, I see...

Dialogue 2

M: Would you like to see a film with me tonight?

W: Oh, it is great.

Dialogue 3

M: How about have a drink in that bar?

W: I'm afraid I can't...

5.道歉和应答(Apology and response)

在日常交往中，我们总会因为这样那样的原因犯一些错误，对此，我们就应该说一些抱歉的话。西方人非常注重语言上的礼貌，我们如果留意，就会发现BBC或者VOA节目里的主持人经常会因语言上的打嗑而说sorry。因为直率，所以道歉要及时说出才能得到谅解，这是西方文化与东方文化的不同之处。英语情景对话中，道歉及应答的语句通常有：

I do apologize for the inconvenience I brought to you last night。(对于昨晚带给你的不便，我感到非常的惭愧。)

I've got to say sorry for what I said rudely just now。(我很抱歉刚才对你说的那些无礼的话。)

I'm awfully sorry about the delay。(对这次耽误，我感到非常的抱歉。)

It was me to blame。(这是我的错。)

I do beg your pardon。(求你原谅我。)

I am sorry to bump into you. (对不起，撞着您了。)

I'm afraid I've taken you up too much for your time。(花您那么多时间，实在对不起。)

It was all my fault to have done.。.(这都是我的错……)

We really didn't mean that at all。(我们真的没有那样的意思。)

Please forgive me for.。.(请原谅……)

That's all right, don't think any more about it。(没什么大不了的，别想的太多。) It's nothing serious. You don't have to upset yourself. (没有那么严重，不必太自责。)

It's not as bad as that. There is no point to getting upset。(没那么糟，不要为此而不安。)

That's okay. Don't let it bother you。(没事，别想的太多了。)

下面是一些关于道歉的对话，请大家注意英语说话的技巧。

Dialogue 1

A: It's so careless of me to have lost your book...

B: Oh, that's doesn't matter. Because, you know, that's just the one I borrowed from your father...

Dialogue 2

A: I'm terribly sorry for breaking into your room, but...

B: Ok, what's your problem?

A: Someone's chasing me behind, and, and I need your help...

B: Oh,...

6.责备与抱怨(Blame and complaint)

前面所提到的西方人说话直率在此类对话中更为明显。对于别人的打扰，自己受到不公平待遇会说出来，而不是不留面子。这里有分寸问题，通过说话人的口气与语调可判断其情绪与态度。英语中责备与抱怨的话通常有：What on earth is the matter here?(到底发生了什么事？)

I'm afraid I have a complaint to make about the service。(我对你们的服务有意见。)

You ought to be ashamed of what you've done on me。(你应为你对我所做的事感到羞愧。)

Why on earth did you say such a silly thing to me?(你对我说这种蠢话究竟是

什么意思？)

You've no right to help yourself。(你无权自己动手！)

I'm not a bit satisfied with such a result。(我对这样的结果一点也不满意！)

You ought to be careful enough next time。(你下次再不能这样粗心了。)

I got very annoyed about it。(我对此烦透了。)

Can't you be serious for once?(你就不能严肃一次？)

Don't interfere in my business, please。(请别干涉我的私事。)

It's no nice of you to behave like that。(你那样做太不像话。)

一般对责备与抱怨，人们通常的反应是表示抱歉与愿意接受。

请分析下面的对话：

A：You don't have to play the radio so loud, do you?

B：Oh，I'm really sorry about it

Q: What happened to the second man?

7. 意见与判断(Views and judges )

在日常生活中，当我们和朋友或同事一起做事的时候，通常会询问一下别人的见解、想法。

对别人意见所抱的态度在听力中通常会成为出题人设题的要点。其中，说话人的语气与音调

是判断其意见与态度的落脚点。这里给大家提供一些英

语中常用的句子以供大家参考：

Yes, I quite agree with you about that。(对，关于此问题，我与你意见相同。) You are quite right here. I have no objection。(这次你非常正确，我没别的意见。) I'm with you there. That's a fine idea. (我支持你，这个主意不错。)

There is no doubt about it. I think this one will do。(没什么可怀疑的，我认为就这

样。)

I rather doubt that。(我非常怀疑。)

I beg differ with you。(请允许我表示异议。)

I don't quite agree with you. I'm against it. (我不十分同意你的意见，我反对。)

Many people have different ideas. (许多人有不同的想法。)

That's where I disagree with you。(这就是我不同意你的地方。)

My own view exactly。(这正好是我的观点。)

I don't think it's very practical。(我不认为这很实际。)

请分析下面的对话：

Dialogue 1

W:I weigh 180 pounds now. I need some new clothes.\;

M: Maybe you should go on a diet.\;

W: readly?...

Dialogue 2

W: I'm here for my 12 o'clock appointment with Prof. Li.\;

M: Why don't you have a seat for a moment?\;

W: Oh, yes. Thank you.\;

8.祝愿与祝福(Wishes and congratulations)

人们在节日、道别以及朋友、家人外出时，通常会说一些表示祝愿的话。此类场合常有新年祝贺、结婚生子、乔迁发财、得奖出国、考试结束、升学成功等等。如：

Every success in your study! Here's to a happy marriage。(祝你工作顺利，婚姻美满。)

Wish you success! May you success!(祝你成功！)

Please convey my best wishes to Bill。(请向比尔传达我最好的祝愿。)

The best of luck! Best wishes! Best regards!(好运！祝福！)

I drink to your promotion。(我为你的提升干杯！)

Allow me to offer my heartiest wishes。(请允许我向你表示衷心的问候。)

I'd like to be the first to congratulate you。(我想第一个向你表示祝贺。)

Enjoy your vacation!(假日愉快！)

请看下面对话：

A: Lily and I are going to be married tomorrow.

B: Woo, really? Congratulations! But...

A: What's that?

B: I was wondering that you would marry Cathie.

★三、特定场合(Specific Occasions)

1.学校(School)

学校对于我们每一个人来说都不陌生。然而关于我们学校生活的一些英语日常用语，许多考生并没有很好地掌握。此类用语常与考试、恋爱、约会、旅程、打工、娱乐和家庭等相关。英语听力中有很大一部分是和校园生活有关的，下面就给大家提供一些典型的校园日常用语。

I'm a graduate from Peking University of 2002.(我是北京大学2002届的毕业生。)

I have a bachelor degree of Arts (Science)。(我是文科/理工科学士。)

I'm taking economics and mathematics。(我学经济和数学。)

What kind of grades did you make in college?(你在大学的学习情况怎么样？) You will fail in the examination if you don't work hard。(你如果不好好学习，考试

就会不及格。)

I got full score in the final examination。(期末考试我得了满分。)

May I have a look at your schedule?(我可以看一下你的课程表吗？)

When is the new semester going to start?(新学期什么时候开始？)

A lecture on modern arts will be delivered by Dr. Gore in five minutes。(戈尔博士的现代艺术讲座五分钟后开始。)

下面是一段模拟听力对话，请对此仔细分析：

A: Hi, Jerry. I'd like you to meet my friend Lucia. She graduated from the same university as yours.

B: Glad to meet you, Lucia.

A: Glad to meet you too, Jerry. When did you graduate from Yale University?

B: In 2000. I have a Bachelor of Arts degree. What did you major in?

A: I majored in child psychology. I was interested in the way children learn to read and write.

2.餐馆(Restaurant)

餐馆、商店等场合的对话是考生必须熟悉的内容。常为点菜、介绍菜、评价菜、定房和退房等。

餐馆这种特定场合的情景对话也是听力考试容易涉及的方面，餐馆用语比较典型的有：

Have you made reservations?(有没有预定？)

For one or for two, Sir?(一位，还是两位？)

Here or to go?(在这儿吃呢，还是拿走？)

May I have your order, Sir?(先生，现在点菜吗？)

Could we see the menu, please?(请把菜单拿来？)

Which do you prefer, Chinese food or western food?(你喜欢吃中国菜还是西方菜？)

We would like some local specialties。(我们想吃一些特色菜。)

Well, what would you recommend?(嗯，你可以推荐一些菜吗？)

Well, The roast lamb's very delicious!(哇，这烤羊腿吃起来真香！)

How would you like your steak, rare or well done?(喜欢吃嫩牛排，还是稍微烂一点？)

Waiter! the bill, please! Check, please! (买单！)

Let us go Dutch this time, ok?(我们AA制，怎么样？)

请看下面一场顾客和服务生之间的对话：

A: Waiter! The menu, please.

B: Here you are, Miss. Beijing Duck is one of our specialties, and it's very delicious.

A: Thank you, but I'd like to choose myself.

B: Sorry, Miss. But everyone here likes it.

A: I hate the talkative people, and I will eat nothing here.

B: I'm really sorry about it, but...

3.银行(Bank)

银行用语对一般考生来说，是比较陌生的。因此它在考试中是一个难点。如果对一些常用的银行用语有所了解，将会在考试中收益匪浅。如开户、活期/定期储蓄、利息、销户、兑换等。这些用语比较正式，需要熟练掌握，关键词汇要

牢记。下面是一些常用的银行用语：

How do we open a savings account?(储蓄帐户怎么开？)

I'd like to open a current account。(我想开一个活期存款户头。)

How much money do you want to deposit?(你将存多少钱？)

Here is your bankbook!(你的存折！)

Could you tell me my balance?(我还有多少余额？)

I want to close my account. (我要求取消帐户。)

This is a foreign exchange office。(这是外币兑换处。)

What's the rate of exchange between US dollar and RMB?(美圆和人民币的兑

换率为多少？)

The interest rate is 4 percent。(利息为百分之四。)

What kind of currency do you want?(你需要什么币种？)

Ten yuan is the minimum original deposit。(存储最低限度为10圆。)

A: Welcome to our bank, Sir. Can I help you?

B: I'd like to open a current account.

A: How much money do you want to deposit?

B: What's the minimum original deposit?

A: Fifty RMB, Sir.

B: Ok, how about the interest?

A: 6 percent for current deposit.

B: Umm, I see, and I need to think about it...

4.医院(Hospital)

日常生活中，人们感冒、咳嗽、大病小病常有，这是听力中的常考内容。医生与病人的对话、病人与家属朋友的对话等会涉及到开处方、吃药用药、诊断、慰问等内容，考试也是经常涉及。英语中相关的日常用语主要有

I have a bad cough and my chest aches。(我咳嗽得厉害并且胸口疼。)

I've sprained my ankle, and I've got a very bad headache。(我脚踝扭了，并且头疼的厉害。)

I have a sore throat and a toothache。(我牙疼并且喉咙痛。)

Do you have any appetite?(胃口好吗？)

You need to take a blood pressure, and then have a blood test。(你先测血压，然后验血。)

I'll have to give you a injection. After that, an urgent operation is necessary。(我先给你打一针，然后动手术。)

We will transfer you to another hospital。(你将转院治疗。)

Take two of these pills after meal, three times a day。(此药一天三次，每次两片，饭后服用。)

I'll give you a prescription。(我给你开个药方吧。)

This bottle of liquid medicine is for external application. (这瓶药水用以外涂。) 请分析下面的对话，体会其在听力中的应用：

D: Now would you lower your shorts?

P: What's that?

D: Just an injection.

P: Will it hurt?

D: Well, it won't hurt me,... There. Now, these pills.

P: Do I need to stay in hospital?

D: I'm afraid you have to.

★四、各类活动(Activities)

1. 约会(Date)

约会是人们日常交际中重要的活动。当我们需要和别人一起参加某项活动，或拜访他人，就应当征求别人的意见，提前约定：

Would Dr. Norman be able to see me at nine sharp tonight?(今天晚上九点诺曼尔医生有时间见我吗？)

Alice, do you happen to be free this afternoon?(爱丽丝，你今天下午有空吗？)

I was wondering if you were doing anything on Saturday evening? (星期六晚上您是否有空？)

How about going on a hike tomorrow?(去踏青，好吗？)

Should I make an appointment with you for the next few days?(以后几天我还需要和你预约吗？)

对别人的邀请，我们应该先表示感谢，然后表明我们的态度，接受或者不接受。如果我们不能接受，就应向对方委婉表明缘故，并感谢对方的好意。

在英语中，我们可以经常这样说：

Oh, surely I can, I'd really appreciate it。(哦，当然可以，我非常乐意！)

That's settled then。(就这么定了。)

I'd love to, but I.。.(我很想去，但是……)

我们也可以从下面的对话中体会：

A: Good morning. Doctor Croat's office. Can I help you?

B: I'd like to make an appointment to see the dentist.

A: Let me see. I can arrange for you to see the doctor in a week.

B: Can't I see him tomorrow?

A: I'm afraid you can't. The dentist is very busy these days.

2. 观光和旅游(Visit and tour)

此类对话多为介绍性或喜好类内容，如介绍一个景点的特色、对某件纪念品的喜好等。其中涉及的内容较多，考核范围较广。

We've arranged for to visit the Terra?cotta Warriors. (我们为你安排了参观兵马俑。)

The exhibits are a feast for eyes。(这些展品使我大开眼界。)

I'm impressed by this piece of work。(这些作品给我印象颇深。)

Please give me some of your tourist brochures。(请给我一些你们的旅游资料。) Would you please tell me some of the attractions here。(可否介绍我一些这儿的名胜？)

Is it worthwhile to see the ancient city?(此古城很值一看吗？)

What time do we depart?(我们什么时候出发？)

Show your admission tickets, please!(请出示门票。)

请体会下面的对话：

A: Oh, darling. Our vacation's coming tomorrow.

B: Yeah, It's just wonderful! So, do you have any plan for it?

A: Umm, how about take a trip to Hawaii?

B: Hawaii's too hot for us to bear, my dear.

A: Then, how about go to Hong Kong?

B: How can you think about that? There is nothing interesting in Hong Kong!

A: But, but... where do you really like to go?

B: Beijing, my little sweetheart. Do you know why?

A: I got it. Because it's so near to our home.

3. 商业往来(Business)

商业往来是少见的一个特定场合，其词汇需要牢记，固定搭配如cut down, go up 要熟

悉。同时，商业往来多是很正式的谈判，要注意说话者的语气，以求更好地应付。

Please have a look at these samples!(请看样品。)

We have the widest selections in the whole city。(我们拥有这整个城市最齐全的货品。)

Our prices are the most reasonable。(我们的价格是最合理的。)

How much have they gone up?(上涨了多少？)

We can offer you better discount terms。(我们可以向你提供更为合理的折扣。) I've come to talk about the feasibility of a joint venture。(我来是为了商谈合资经营的可能性。)

We can cut down the price for you, how about two percent?(我们可以给你减价百分之二，怎么样？)

After signing the contract, let's have a drink to celebrate the successful cooperation。(签完合同后，让我们喝一杯以庆祝我们的合作愉快。) It's a pleasure to do business with you. (和你做生意非常愉快。)

请体会下面的对话：

A: Ok, here we're seated for our business. Where is your sample?

B: Here you are. You see that we can offer a wider selection than any others.

A: Maybe you are right, but the prices here seem a little unreasonable.

B: We have to increase our prices, you know, because of the depression of oil market.

A: Really?

B: Sure,...and surely we can still cut down the price for you, our old trade partner. Two percent, is it OK?

A: It sounds much better this time. Ohm, OK, it's done.

B: It's done. And I must say that it's a great pleasure to do business with you。

So, how about have a drink?

A: To celebrate the successful cooperation? Interesting. Ok, let's go.