5完形填空中英文

（33）Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险最近，Patricia Romero Lankao对市政方针进行了全新的审查。

她是一个社会学家，专门研究气候变化和城市发展。

她警告说，世界上许多快速发展的城市地区，尤其是在发展中国家，很可能会由于气候变化的影响而遭殃。

她的著作也断定，大多数城市没有做到减排二氧化碳和其他温室气体，众所周知，这些气体妨碍大气层。

"气候变化是一个严重的区域问题，对世界上发展中的城市带来了严重的危害，但是，几乎没有城市研发有效的策略来保护当地居民。

"城市是温室气体的主要来源，城市人口很有可能受到未来环境变化的影响最大。

Lankao的发现强调了城市居民受到伤害最大的一些方面，所以她建议出台干预政策，此举可以给居民带来短期的和长期的益处。

城市的位置以及城市建设的密集常常会使居民在应对自然灾害时面临更大的危险。

与气候有关的潜在威胁有风暴潮和炎热天气的延长等。

风暴潮可以淹没港口地区，而炎热天气的延长使得大量铺设沥青路面的城市比周边地区的温度大大提高。

这自然现象给城市带来的影响尤为严重。

比如，热浪的延长会加剧空气污染，从而导致大面积的居民健康问题。

贫穷社区可能由于缺乏如饮用水和可靠的公路系统这样基本的设施，而在自然灾害来临时遭受更大的影响。

许多贫穷国家的居民住在不符合标准的房子里，没有安全的饮用水、交通设施和其他基础服务设施。

因此，当地政府应该采取措施来保护他们的居民。

"不幸的是，政府对此事的反应仅仅局限于作秀而不是有意义的作为，他们不严格执行能够减少供热和空调需要的建筑标准，事实上，许多当地政府对此袖手旁观。

"RomeroLankao说。

因此，她敦促政府改变不作为的政策，采取强制措施预防气候变化对城市带来的不利影响。

A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist s pecializing in climate change and urban development．She warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries．will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate．Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases ．These gases are known to affe ct the atmosphere．”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” s ays Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."Cities are major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely a ffected by future climate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and s uggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term benefits .The locations and dense construction patte rns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate includ e storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environme ．For example， a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems．Poorer neighborhoods that may lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dep endable network of roadsare especially vulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substanda rd housing without access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.Local governments, therefore ,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric rather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose constru ction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce autom obile use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.（34）Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk快餐加免费降胆固醇药物可降低罹患心脏病的风险伦敦帝国理工学院的研究者们在一项新研究中建议，快餐经销店可免费提供降胆固醇药物，这样顾客可降低油腻食物中的心脏病风险。

降胆固醇药物能减少不健康的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在血液中的含量。

大量的试验数据已经证明降胆固醇药能高效降低人们患心脏病的风险。

在《美国心脏病学杂志》发表的一篇论文里, Darrel Francis博士和他的同事们计算出一粒降胆固药降低的罹患心脏病的风险, 足以抵消食用汉堡和饮用奶昔所提高的风险。

Francis博士来自帝国理工学院的国家心肺学院, 是本次研究的资深发起人，说到：“降胆固醇药物不能去掉汉堡和炸土豆条带来的所有不健康影响，总而言之最好避免所有油腻食物。

”但是我们看出就患心脏病的可能性而言，服用一粒降胆固醇药物降低的风险与快餐增加的风险在程度上大致一样。

”“讽刺的是在快餐店里人们可免费拿取想要数量的不健康调味包, 但是对心脏健康有利的降胆固醇药物却需要开处方。

既然不健康的调味包可免费提供，那么使降低心脏病发作的降胆固醇药物容易得到也是合理的。

在每个顾客身上花不了5便士，与一小袋糖没什么不同，” Francis博士说道。

当人们从事诸如驾驶和吸烟等危险行为时，要鼓励他们采取措施降低风险，像系安全带或选择有滤嘴的香烟。

服用降胆固醇药物是降低食用油腻食物引发心脏病风险的理性做法。

Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London suggest in a new study.Statins reduce the amount of unhealthy "LDL" cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person's heart attack risk.In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology, Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.Dr Francis, from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, who is the senior au thor of the study, said:"Statins don't cut out all of the unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. I t's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we…ve worked out that in terms of your possibility of having a h eart attack, taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same degree as a fast food meal increas es it.”“It‟s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they lik e, but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reduc ing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are provided free of charge. It would co st less than 5 pence per customer--- not much different to a sachet of sugar," Dr Francis said.When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they…re encouraged to take measures that lower their risk, like wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational w ay of lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.（35）Better Solar Energy Systems:More Heat,More Lights更有效的太阳能系统：更多热量，更强灯光太阳能光伏热能系统，也叫PVT，能够生成热量和电能。