工作不安全感-英文
中年人工作生活不稳定时期英语作文
我和朋友的饮食习惯六年级英语作文My Eating Habits and Those of My FriendsHi there! My name is Mark and I'm a 6th grader at Lincoln Elementary School. Today I wanted to tell you all about the eating habits of me and my friends. We're a pretty active group that loves sports and being outdoors, so nutrition is really important to all of us. That said, we don't always make the best food choices!Let me start by talking about myself. For breakfast, I almost always have a bowl of cereal with milk. My favorites are Cinnamon Toast Crunch and Lucky Charms - I just love the sweet taste! My mom is always getting onto me about eating too much sugar in the morning though. She wants me to have something more nutritious like oatmeal or eggs, but I really don't like the taste of those. Sometimes I'll have a banana or apple with my cereal to make her happy.For lunch at school, I buy the cafeteria food most days. I have to admit, the chicken nuggets are my favorite! They aren't very healthy though. My friends Josh and Samantha always give me a hard time for eating those. Josh's mom packs him a super healthy lunch every day with stuff like a turkey sandwich onwhole wheat bread, carrot sticks, an apple, and a granola bar. Samantha's lunch looks similar - she'll have a salad with grilled chicken, an orange, and some almonds or something. I have to say, their lunches don't look nearly as appetizing as my chicken nuggets, fries, and a cookie!After school, I'll usually have a snack like chips, crackers, or cookies when I get home. Then for dinner, my favorite meals are things like spaghetti with meatballs, tacos, hamburgers, and pizza. My parents do try to work in some vegetables by making side salads or putting peppers and onions on my pizza. But I'm really just not a big fan of most veggies besides potatoes.Now let me tell you about my friend group's eating habits. First there's Lily - she's a vegetarian, so her diet is pretty different from the rest of us. Lily's lunch is usually a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, an orange, carrot sticks, and some crackers or pretzels. For dinner she'll have things like veggie stir-fries, bean burritos, lentil soup, or pasta with marinara sauce. I have to admit, her meals don't look super exciting to me!My friend Michael is kind of a picky eater. For breakfast he'll usually just have a piece of buttered toast or a muffin. His lunch is typically a ham and cheese sandwich, apple slices, and a handful of chips or cookies. Dinner for Michael tends to be prettyplain - things like chicken nuggets, mac and cheese, hot dogs, or a simple burger with fries. He doesn't like anything too adventurous or spicy.Then there's Emma who seems to eat pretty healthily. She'll have oatmeal or yogurt with fruit for breakfast. At lunch she has whole wheat pita bread with hummus, a hard boiled egg, grapes, and maybe a small portion of trail mix or pretzels. For dinner, Emma's parents make lean proteins like grilled chicken or fish along with veggies and brown rice or quinoa. She's definitely the healthiest eater in our friend group!Honestly though, as much as I admire Emma's healthy habits, I'm just not ready to give up my beloved junk food yet. Don't get me wrong - I do try to eat some fruits and veggies here and there. But candy, chips, fries, and other treats are just too good to resist! My friends are always bugging me to clean up my diet, but I figure I'm still a kid so I should be able to enjoy all my favorite foods for now. When I get a little older, maybe I'll be more open to switching to a healthier lifestyle.For now though, you'll find me happily munching away on chicken nuggets, pizza, ice cream, and all the other foods that make my taste buds do a happy dance. I'm pretty active with all my sports, so I figure my diet isn't too bad as long as I'm gettingsome nutrition in there too. My friends will keep nagging me about eating better, but I'll just have to tune them out. After all, what's life without enjoying your favorite treats every now and then? Moderation is the key...or at least that's what I tell myself!。
如何克服职场中的不安全感
如何克服职场中的不安全感职场是一个竞争激烈且充满变化的地方。
每个人在职场中都希望能够做出自己的独特贡献，实现自己的职业梦想。
但是，在职场中，很多人都会感到一种不安全感。
这种不安全感可能来自于与同事间的关系、工作角色的不确定性或者是未来职业发展方向的迷茫。
如何克服职场中的不安全感？以下是一些方法，希望对职场中的你有所帮助。
1. 摆脱自我质疑在职场中，自我怀疑和自我否定是很常见的。
你可能会怀疑自己是否有能力胜任这份工作或者是否符合公司的要求。
其实，这些都是无谓的自我质疑。
你的雇主不会雇佣一个不合格的人，如果他们选择了你，那么显然你是符合他们的要求的。
所以，不要浪费时间去怀疑自己的能力和价值。
同时，尝试用积极的方式来看待自己的工作成果。
如果你总是对自己的表现不满意，试着将自己的注意力转移到你所取得的成就上。
回顾一下你在职场中所取得的进步和成功，这将有助于提升你的自信心。
2. 接受变化随着科技和全球经济的发展，职场正在发生巨大的变化。
你可能需要学习新的技能、适应新的工作流程或者甚至接受新的工作岗位。
这些改变可能会带来不安全感，但是你必须接受它们。
你可以从积极的角度去看待这些变化，认为它们是机会而不是威胁。
新技能会让你在职场中更加有价值，新的工作流程会更高效，新的工作岗位会带来更好的职业发展机会。
同时，也要认识到变化是不可避免的，而且这些变化通常都是正面的。
学会适应变化，并从中受益，这是保持职场安全感的关键。
3. 发掘你的潜力每个人都有独特的天赋和潜力，但是有时候我们可能迷失在职业道路上，感到自己的职业规划一片迷茫。
如果你感到不安全，请不要放弃自己寻找职业生涯的方向。
试着回想一下你曾经梦想成为的那个人，以及你希望你的未来职业生涯是怎样的。
只要你能够清晰地定位自己的兴趣和潜力，就能找到你真正想要做的事情并实现自己的目标。
在寻找自己职业生涯的方向时，要多思考并多尝试。
打破常规，尝试做一些不一样的事情。
有时候，你可能会发现自己非常适合某种工作，并为之感到充满激情。
《工作的本质》读后感悟
《工作的本质》读后感悟英文回答：The Nature of Work: A Reflection on the Changing Landscape of Employment.In the seminal work "The Nature of Work," renowned economist and sociologist Richard Sennett offers a profoundly insightful analysis of the evolving nature of work in the modern era. The book unveils the intricate interplay between technological advancements, economic transformations, and the fundamental aspirations of individuals seeking meaningful employment.Sennett traces the historical roots of the traditional employment paradigm, characterized by stable, long-term careers within large organizations. However, he argues that this model is rapidly becoming outdated in an increasingly globalized and technology-driven economy. The rise of automation, outsourcing, and the gig economy has led to afragmentation of work, with fewer individuals enjoying the security and benefits of full-time employment.Sennett cautions that this shift has significant implications for individuals, society, and the economy as a whole. The loss of traditional employment structures can lead to job insecurity, financial instability, and a decline in social cohesion. Moreover, he contends that the nature of work itself is changing, as technology and automation increasingly replace human labor in routine tasks. This raises fundamental questions about the purpose and meaning of work in a society where human labor is no longer essential to production.However, Sennett does not paint an entirely pessimistic picture. He suggests that this transformation also presents opportunities for innovation and redefining the nature of work. He calls for a shift from a focus on jobs to a focus on skills and competencies, empowering individuals to adapt and thrive in the changing employment landscape.To navigate this complex and rapidly evolving terrain,Sennett proposes a number of key principles. He emphasizes the importance of lifelong learning and the development of transferable skills. He also advocates for policies that promote social protection and support for individuals transitioning to new forms of work.In conclusion, "The Nature of Work" offers a compelling and thought-provoking examination of the changing landscape of employment. Sennett's insights and recommendations provide valuable guidance as we grapple with the challenges and opportunities presented by the future of work.中文回答：读《工作的本质》有感。
工作的烦恼英语作文
工作的烦恼英语作文Title: Coping with Work-related Stress。
Work-related stress is a common issue faced by many individuals in today's fast-paced society. Whether it's the pressure to meet deadlines, conflicts with colleagues, orthe fear of job insecurity, these challenges can take atoll on one's mental and physical well-being. In this essay, we will explore strategies to cope with work-related stress effectively.First and foremost, it's essential to identify the root causes of stress in the workplace. By pinpointing specific triggers, individuals can develop targeted strategies to address them. For example, if the stress is stemming froman overwhelming workload, one might consider prioritizing tasks, delegating responsibilities, or communicating with supervisors about workload concerns.Furthermore, establishing boundaries between work andpersonal life is crucial for maintaining a healthy work-life balance. This may involve setting specific work hours, unplugging from work-related communication outside of those hours, and engaging in activities that promote relaxation and rejuvenation.Effective time management skills are also instrumental in reducing work-related stress. Breaking tasks into manageable chunks, utilizing time-blocking techniques, and minimizing distractions can enhance productivity and alleviate feelings of overwhelm.Additionally, fostering positive relationships with colleagues can contribute to a supportive work environment. Cultivating open communication, practicing empathy, and offering assistance to others can foster a sense of camaraderie and mutual support, making it easier to navigate workplace challenges.Moreover, prioritizing self-care activities isessential for combating work-related stress. Engaging in regular exercise, practicing mindfulness or meditation, andmaintaining a healthy diet can bolster resilience against stressors and promote overall well-being.In some cases, seeking professional help may be necessary to address work-related stress effectively. This may involve consulting with a therapist, counselor, or mental health professional to develop coping strategies, process emotions, and gain perspective on challenging situations.Furthermore, organizations can play a significant role in mitigating work-related stress by implementing policies and practices that promote employee well-being. This may include offering flexible work arrangements, providing resources for stress management and mental health support, and fostering a culture of appreciation and recognition.In conclusion, work-related stress is a prevalent issue that can have detrimental effects on individuals' health and happiness. However, by implementing proactivestrategies such as identifying stress triggers,establishing boundaries, practicing effective timemanagement, fostering positive relationships, prioritizing self-care, seeking professional help when needed, and advocating for supportive workplace policies, individuals can effectively cope with work-related stress and cultivate a healthier and more fulfilling work experience.。
职场缺乏安全感的原因
职场缺乏安全感的原因职场安全感是指员工在工作环境中感到稳定、平静和有保障的心理状态。
然而，现实中很多人在工作中缺乏安全感，对于自己的职业发展和工作稳定感到担忧。
本文将探讨职场缺乏安全感的原因，并提出相应的解决方法。
一、经济不稳定性经济不稳定性是造成职场缺乏安全感的重要原因之一。
在不景气的经济环境下，企业面临裁员、倒闭等风险，员工对于自己的职位和薪资都感到不安。
此外，随着市场竞争的加剧，员工面临被更有能力的人取代的风险，进一步加剧了职场安全感的不足。
解决方法：个人应提高自身的专业素质和能力水平，保持持续学习的态度。
拥有更强的竞争力可以提高在职场中的地位和岗位稳定性。
同时，政府和企业应加强对员工的培训和发展，提供更多的职业发展机会和福利保障。
二、工作压力过大工作压力是职场缺乏安全感的另一个重要原因。
快节奏的工作环境、高强度的工作任务使得员工感到无法承受的压力，担心自己无法应对工作需求，进而产生安全感缺失的情绪。
此外，由于职业竞争激烈，员工们面临着不断提高工作能力的要求，这也会给他们带来巨大的心理压力。
解决方法：企业应合理分配工作任务，提供适当的工作资源和支持，让员工能够有序地完成工作。
同时，注重心理健康，开展员工关怀和情绪管理等培训，增强员工的心理素质，提高他们应对工作压力的能力。
三、缺乏职业发展机会缺乏职业发展机会也是导致职场缺乏安全感的重要原因。
如果员工发现自己的工作无法获得晋升或提升薪资的机会，他们会感到自己的职业发展前景受限。
这种不确定性会进一步削弱他们对职场安全感的信心。
解决方法：企业应建立并完善晋升和培训机制，为员工提供广阔的职业发展空间。
通过制定明确的晋升标准和晋升路径，让员工清楚知道自己在职业发展中可以达到的阶段目标。
此外，鼓励员工参与培训和学习，提高他们的专业技能和能力水平，为他们的职业发展提供更多的机会。
四、缺乏沟通和反馈缺乏良好的沟通和反馈机制也是造成职场缺乏安全感的原因之一。
担心工作英文作文
担心工作英文作文英文：I understand how you feel about being worried about your work English. It can be daunting to communicate effectively in a language that is not your native tongue. However, there are ways to improve your English skills and gain confidence in the workplace.Firstly, I suggest practicing your English daily. You can do this by reading English articles, watching English movies or TV shows, and listening to English podcasts. This will help you become more familiar with the language and improve your comprehension skills.Secondly, try to speak English as often as possible at work. This can be difficult at first, but the more you practice, the easier it will become. Don't be afraid to make mistakes, as they are a natural part of the learning process.Thirdly, ask for feedback from your colleagues or supervisor. They can help you identify areas where you need to improve and provide guidance on how to do so. This will show that you are proactive and committed to improving your English skills.In addition, don't forget to use resources such as online dictionaries and grammar guides. These can behelpful tools to assist you in your language learning journey.Overall, improving your work English takes time and effort, but it is achievable. By practicing daily, speaking English at work, asking for feedback, and utilizing resources, you can gain confidence and become more proficient in the language.中文：我了解你对于工作英语的担忧。
雅思写作话题范文：宁可失业也不做自己不喜欢的工作
雅思写作话题范文：宁可失业也不做自己不喜欢的工作为了帮助大家备考，为大家带来雅思写作话题：有些人说，工作满意度比工作安全感更重要，另一些人认为人们不可能总是期望在工作中得到享受，工作永远是更重要的。
讨论这两种观点?本题为社会类话题，请查看范文详情。
雅思写作话题范文：宁可失业也不做自己不喜欢的工作?本文就为大家梳理历年雅思写作真题范文——社会类话题：It is better for people to be unemployed than people to be employed but they do not enjoy. Do you agree or disagree?——2014年11月1日雅思写作真题雅思写作话题讲解题目翻译：有人认为，做一份不喜欢的工作不如暂时待业，是否同意这个观点。
小站考雅老师点评：关于是否同意一种观点的提问是雅思，托福共有的驳论文写法。
驳论文写作思路：三分让步，七分反驳。
作家立场：做一份不太喜欢的工作比待业失业值得推荐。
参考范文首段：背景介绍 + 争议焦点 + 作家立场：The proportion of one’s life allocating to work is very high，therefore，acceptance about one's career must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life, in this sense, job contentment is indeed crucial for people’s happiness. One of the characteristics of modern work is that people enjoy more freedom in their career options. A heated debate is that a jobless situation is superior to embarking on a job that one takes less interest in. Personally speaking, provided that the work is not that boring or unacceptable, even the dullest job, is to most people, less painful than idleness.解析Provided that the work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest job, is to most people, less painful than idleness. 假如工作不是特别令人厌倦的或者不可接受的话，即使是最枯燥的工作也比无所事事要强。
员工工作不安全感的概念与结构研究
员工工作不安全感的概念与结构研究汤程泼 朱未萍（江南大学商学院，江苏 无锡 214122）【摘要】国外对员工工作不安全感的研究已有近30年，而我国对这方面的研究于21世纪初才开始，处于起步阶段，相关的研究文章与资料都十分缺乏。
本文在详细参阅国内外对工作不安全感的相关研究的基础上，主要整理、归纳总结了工作不安全感的定义、内涵和结构，以期补充我国对这方面的理论研究的不足。
【关键词】工作不安全感；研究综述；企业员工1.研究背景随着技术的不断革新和信息化的飞速发展，在全球经济一体化的过程中，企业产品的更新换代速度以及组织变革的频率也随之不断加快，企业之间的市场竞争愈加激励，这对企业的适应性、应对能力和灵活性提出了更高的要求。
在全球经济萎靡的大背景下，一些企业为了应对全球经济发展形势下滑导致的企业经营困境，而另一些企业则是为了降低企业运营成本，增强企业的竞争优势从而进行了精简组织结构、裁员、外包、重组、兼并等组织变革活动，尽管组织变革的措施不尽相同，但是企业的员工们会不同程度地感受到来自环境和企业的压力。
此外，一方面人才流动越来越便捷，高校的不断扩招提供了更多可供选择的人才，全球化人才竞争的趋势也使得当前的劳动力市场上人才更加繁荣，雇佣方（企业）的可选择性空前扩大；另一方面企业也可以通过更加灵活的雇佣方式（比如临时工或者短期合同）来用人。
这种雇佣环境和劳动力市场的变化削弱了员工的归属感，一些员工担心有可能被公司裁员而失去工作，有些员工对公司不时的调遣和岗位变化感到焦虑。
同时，技术变革的加速对员工的知识和技能提出了新的要求，员工需要不断的学习、提高才能应付新的工作内容和工作强度。
以上这些情况使员工的工作环境发生了深刻的变化，企业员工的工作面临着更大的不确定性和压力，这种不确定性使员工体验到一种对工作整体、工作资源以及未来职业发展的担忧和无力感，即“工作不安全感”。
2.工作不安全感的定义对工作不安全感的第一个正式定义是由Caplan（1975）提出的，他认为“工作不安全感是对未来安全感的整体认知的不确定性”。
正视工作不安全感
正视工作不安全感张弘;陈浩【期刊名称】《企业管理》【年(卷),期】2016(000)005【总页数】2页(P21-22)【关键词】工作不安全感;焦虑;四维结构;干预对策【作者】张弘;陈浩【作者单位】西南政法大学管理学院;西南政法大学管理学院【正文语种】中文员工看似处于工作状态，但不安全感和焦虑像一张网将其紧紧束缚，使员工没有工作的热情和动力，工作效率明显低下。
随着新技术对传统行业的巨大冲击，高技能岗位加速崛起，企业大幅削减了低技能岗位的设置，而一些后备支持岗位（如行政、公关）更是惨遭“灭顶之灾”。
这种变化引发的最直接、最明显的后续反应则是：员工感受到的焦虑和压力，工作不安全感普遍上升。
在英国，2009年到2013年间因压力和焦虑引起的病假天数上升了24%。
在北美， 41%的员工称自己具有很高的焦虑感。
在国内，面对国家宏观的结构调整和企业的微观转型，这一比例可能更高。
工作不安全感引起的焦虑和压力对企业和员工个人造成严重影响，病假天数的上升仅仅是看得见的表象，所谓“假性出勤”才是有损企业绩效的腐蚀剂。
员工看似处于工作状态，但不安全感和焦虑就像一张网将其紧紧束缚，使员工没有工作的热情和动力，工作效率不仅不会改善，反而明显降低。
更可怕的是，这种状态会像多米诺骨牌一样扩展至部门甚至企业其他员工，长此以往，会造成一种压抑、松散、缺乏活力的工作氛围，企业的竞争力必然因此受挫。
然而，企业管理者在日常的管理实践中并未重视这一现象，他们对工作不安全感的界定和来源认识不足。
因此，有必要对工作不安全感的本质重新加以界定，对其作用机制加以梳理，从而为企业管理者对员工的工作不安全感施加干预，进而就改善员工绩效提出对策。
格林哈尔什（Greenhalgh）和罗森布拉特（Rosenblatt）首次系统阐释了工作不安全感的概念，并且构建了工作不安全感的理论模型。
他们将工作不安全感定义为“在受到威胁的工作状况下，员工所知觉到的对于维持所期望的连续性的一种无力感”。
工作不安全感的关键性影响因素分析
工作不安全感的关键性影响因素分析工作不安全感是指员工对工作环境、组织和自身职业发展感到不稳定和不安全的感受。
当员工处于工作不安全感的状态下，他们可能会感到心理压力增加、工作积极性下降，甚至会对组织的忠诚度产生负面影响。
因此，了解工作不安全感的关键性影响因素对于组织和管理者来说是非常重要的。
下面将从三个方面分析工作不安全感的关键性影响因素。
一、工作环境因素1.经济环境：经济衰退或不景气可能导致企业裁员和业务困难，从而增加员工的工作不安全感。
2.组织环境：组织结构的变化、文化的不稳定以及管理风格的转变都可能引起员工的工作不安全感。
3.任务和职责：员工缺乏明确的任务和职责定义，或者任务压力过大、工作量超负荷，会增加员工对工作不安全的感知。
二、组织因素1.管理支持：管理者是否提供积极的支持和帮助，对员工解决工作问题和应对挑战起着至关重要的作用。
如果员工感觉到组织对他们的支持不足，就会增加他们的工作不安全感。
2.组织公平性：公正的工资分配、晋升机会和决策过程可以增强员工对组织的信任和认同感，减少工作不安全感。
3.沟通与信息共享：组织中信息共享的透明度和频率对员工的工作不安全感有重要影响。
如果组织缺乏沟通和信息共享，员工容易感到失去对工作环境和未来的控制感。
三、个体因素1.自信心和自我效能感：个体对自身能力和技能的自信度越高，对工作不安全感的承受能力就越强。
2.职业发展和学习机会：缺乏职业发展和学习机会会让员工感到工作不安全，他们可能会担心自己的就业前景。
3.工作满意度和工作负荷：工作满意度的低下和工作负荷的过重都会加剧员工的工作不安全感。
综上所述，工作不安全感的关键性影响因素主要包括工作环境、组织和个体三个方面。
了解这些因素有助于组织和管理者采取相应的措施来降低员工的工作不安全感，建立稳定和健康的工作环境，提高员工的职业满意度和绩效。
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a,b, c
veபைடு நூலகம்sity,
, 34850, Turkey
Abstract
Job insecurity is characterized by a discrepancy between the level of security a person experiences and the level he/she might prefer regarding the preservation of his/her employment status (Swaen et all., 2004: 443) experience of job insecurity may be described as a combination of a perceived threat regarding their job, and the sense of powerlessness to do anything about this very threat. Job insecurity has been found to be associated with an increase in job related stress (Storseth, 2006: 541). Job insecurity has become a frequently examined stressor in modern working life and scholars have found empirical support for a link between job insecurity and employee reactions. The findings thus far indicate that job insecurity is negatively related to job and organizational attitudes as well as to employee health and well-being (Hellgren et al, 1999; Jonge et al, 2000; Sverke et al., 2002; Hellgren and Sverke, 2003; Cheng et al, 2005; Storseth, 2006; Cuyper et al, 2008;)
was shown to be related to lower job satisfaction, a
Keywords: Job insecurity, job satisfaction, job related stress
2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 9th International Strategic
Available online at
ScienceDirect
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 99 (2013) 332 – 338
9th International Strategic Management Conference
salary regions produce uncertainty and turbulence in many organizations. Downsizing, often a precursor of job
insecurity, is associated with different health problems (Lau and Knardahl, 2008: 172).
An Empirical Research on the Relationship between Job Insecurity, Job Related Stress and Job Satisfaction in Logistics Industry
a* ,
b, Muhtesem Baran c
© 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
SMelaenctaiognemanednpteeCr-orenvfieerwenucneder responsibility of the International Strategic Management Conference.
mergers in order to adapt to the new situation (Hellgren and Sverke, 2003: 215). Reorganizations, downsizing, and
unpredictable changes associated with fusions, takeovers, outsourcing, and moving of production facilities to low
According to Singh, job satisfaction is A
P Singh and Sadhana Singh, 2009) A large number of researches mentioned job satisfaction is positively related to many organizational variables, for example, organizational commitment, performance, cohesion, citizenship behavior and other extra role behaviors (Crammer, 1996; Currivan, 1999; and Lok and Crowfold, 1999) It can be also said that, job satisfaction is one criterion for establishing the health of an organisation; rendering effective services largely depends on the human source and job satisfaction experienced by employees will affect the quality of service they render.
2. Literature Review and Hypotheses
One pervasive consequence of recent organizational trends is the perception of increased job insecurity on the part
A large number of studies have been conducted to study the relationship between stress and job satisfaction in different types of organizations (Chaudhary 1990; Hinger et al. 1997; Jagdish and Srivastava 1983; Pestonjee and Singh 1981; Sharma 1987; Singh 1987; Watson 1986). In these studies, the overall indices of stress and job satisfaction were found to be correlated negatively. It is evident from these findings that the greater the role stress, the lesser would be the job satisfaction, or, in other words, the higher the stress, the greater would be the job dissatisfaction. (D.M. Pestonjee and Prabhat Kumar Mishra, 1999)
1. Introduction
In a rapidly changing
environment, characterized by intensified competition and escalating demands for
flexibility and adjustment, organizations have taken to reorganizational activities such as outsourcing, downsizing, and
Job satisfaction is also a crucial phenomenon in present organizations because of its diverse effect upon organizational effectiveness and individual wellbeing. Job satisfaction has been defined as a pleasurable emotional
Murat Yaşlıoğlu et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 99 (2013) 332 – 338
333
economic and technological change, job insecurity is recognized as a chronic condition affecting the general workforce (Ito and Brotheridge, 2007: 41). It is characterized by a discrepancy between the level of security a person experiences and the level he/she might prefer regarding the preservation of his/her employment status (Swaen et all., 2004: 443 regarding their job, and the sense of powerlessness to do anything about this very threat (Storseth, 2006: 541).