主语从句和同位语从句

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宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译时大多数可译成

宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译时大多数可译成

英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。

翻译时大多数可译成相对应的汉语,但也还有一些其它处理方法。

下面分别加以介绍:一、主语从句1.以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句一般可按原文顺序翻译,例如:What he told me is only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而己2.以“it”作形式主语的主语从句1)逻辑主语从句如提前译出,有两种情况:若强调,“it”一般可译出来;如不强调,“it”可不译出来。

It doesn't make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参不参加会议没有多大关系。

(不强调)It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.在飞机坠毁之后,驾驶员竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。

(强调)2)逻辑主语从句不提前,“it”一般不需译出。

It is suggested that the meeting should be canceled.有人建议取消会议。

二、宾语从句1.用that, what, how等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不须改变顺序。

I told him that because of the last condition,I′d have to turn it down.我告诉他,由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝。

2.用“it”作形成宾语的句子,that宾语从句可按原文顺序译出,“it”可不译。

I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o′clock in the morning.我向他们讲清楚了的,他们必须在上午十时前交卷。

名词性从句专项---主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句

名词性从句专项---主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句

名词性从句专项一、知识梳理/提炼要点一:句子的分类根据句子的结构可分为:①简单句——一主一谓。

②并列句——由等立连词and, but, so, for把两个(以上)的简单句连在一起构成。

③复合句——一个主句+从句(一个或以上)构成。

根据从句在复合句中的作用,分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。

名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。

要点二:名词性从句总述1. 主语从句——在句中作主语,可用it作形式主语,把真正的从句放在句尾。

如:It is still a mystery how the prisoner escaped.犯人是如何逃跑的是个谜。

主语从句中,谓语动词一般用单数。

What引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定。

如:What he needs is that book?What he needs are some book?主语从句常用的结构有:It is well known/reported/thought/said/… that…It is natural/surprising/necessary/certain/true/clear… that…It is a pity/a shame/an honor/no surprise/no wonder… that…It doesn’t’t matter whether…It seems\appears that…It happens that…2. 表语从句——位于系动词之后充当复合句的表语,引导词that 一般可以省略,还可用as if/as though/because/why引导。

如:The question is who can complete the difficult task.问题是是能完成这项艰巨的任务。

3.同位语从句——跟在名词后面,进一步说明该名词的具体内容。

名词主要有:fact, news (word), promise, idea, truth, thought, suggestion, hope, proposal, doubt等。

名词性从句详解(主语从句、并与从句、表语从句与同位语从句)

名词性从句详解(主语从句、并与从句、表语从句与同位语从句)

主语从句如果一个句子在复合句中充当主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。

主语从句主要有以下三类:1.由what等代词引导的主语从句:这类主语从句可由三类代词引起:1)whatWhat you need are more friends.What I did made my teacher angry.2)whateverWhatever I have done is for you.Whatever has been done here is helpful for your future.3)whoeverWhoever comes here will be welcome.Whoever take part in the activity will get reward.what 引导的主语从句,主句谓语动词通常用单数形式,但有两种特殊情况:a)what在从句中作主语时,主句谓语动词的单复数与从句的谓语动词保持一致。

What makes him happy also makes me happy.What are put into the box are important to me.b) 当主句中的表语是复数时,主句谓语动词用复数,否则用单数。

What he gave are five books.2.由that引导的主语从句:这类主语从句大多数用it作形式主语,而真正的主语放到句子后部,以保持句子的平稳,也有少数直接用这种从句作主语,不用it。

(主语从句位于句首时,that不可省略;当用it作形式主语,真正的主语放置在句尾,且谓语动词为seem、appear、be a pity、be a wonder、be likely时,that可省略。

)1)It’s a pity(that)you can’t come to my party.2)That she works hard makes her leaders satisfied.3)That Jack becomes a doctor is his mother’s wish. 3.由连接代(副)词及whether引导的主语从句:这类主语从句可以直接放在句首,也可以放到句尾,前面用先行词it作形式上的主语。

三大从句语法讲解

三大从句语法讲解

三大从句语法讲解从句:在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。

主句:除掉从句,就是主句在英语中,主要有三大从句:名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)形容词性从句(即定语从句)副词性从句(即状语从句:包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)三大从句快速判断方法:1.主句不完整,从句不完整→名词性从句(连接代词)2.主句不完整,从句完整→名词性从句(连词、连接副词)3.主句完整,从句不完整→定语从句(关系代词)4.主句完整,从句完整→定语从句(关系副词)、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句:(用句子代替名词来做主语)比如汉语中:①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。

②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。

③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。

④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。

基本:三类主语从句的连词(1)从属连词引导的主语从句(that / whether / if)that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。

例如:That you will win the medal seems unlikely.(你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。

)That she survived the accident is a miracle.(她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。

)这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样,只不过英语中更加重视句子结构,所以把that放在前头,告诉你这个that后面跟的句子(和里面的主谓宾)不影响主句。

whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

注意:引导主语从句,不能用if不能在开头,只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.(我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。

句子做主语是什么从句结构类型

句子做主语是什么从句结构类型

句子做主语是什么从句结构类型句子作为主语在语文学习中是一个重要的语法现象。

句子作为主语通常被称为主语从句,它的语法结构类型有很多。

在这篇文章中,我们将探讨有关句子做主语时的从句结构类型以及三个具体的例子。

一、什么是主语从句?主语从句是作为主语的从句,它通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。

这种从句通常是复杂句的形式,它的语法结构比较复杂。

主语从句通常出现在主语部分,在句子中很常见。

二、主语从句的结构类型主语从句的结构类型有三种,分别是“同位语从句”、“名词性从句”和“特殊疑问句从句”。

1.同位语从句同位语从句是主语和补语中间的一个从句,它解释或指明主语或补语的内容,并且表示在数量、性质、名称、时间、地点和状态等方面解释或说明主语的内容。

同位语从句通常出现在主语中,下面是一个例子:即使父母不同意,我还是会去旅行。

In spite of the fact that my parents don't agree, I will still travel.在这个例子中,“即使父母不同意”是同位语从句,它修饰主语“我”。

2.名词性从句名词性从句也称为“宾语从句”、“主语从句”或“表语从句”,它是一个从句,作为一个名词,可以作为宾语、主语或表语出现在句子中。

通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。

下面是一个例子:他怀疑他的女友欺骗了他。

He doubts whether his girlfriend cheated on him.在该例中,“是否他的女友欺骗了他”是名词性从句,它作为整个句子的主语。

3.特殊疑问句从句特殊疑问句从句也称为“疑问代词从句”,它通常由“what”“where”“who”“when”“why”等引导词引出,表示特殊的提问形式。

特殊疑问句从句通常修饰一个名词,也可以作为整个句子的主语。

下面是一个例子:谁能告诉我他的名字?Who can tell me his name?在该例中,“谁能告诉我他的名字”是特殊疑问句从句,它作为整个句子的主语。

名词性从句之主语,同位语,表语

名词性从句之主语,同位语,表语

名词性从句之主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句1.主语从句介绍:When we will finish the work is still a problem.=It’s still a problem when we will finish?Whether she will come or not makes no difference= it makes no difference whether (if) she will come or not.That he survived the accident is a miracle= it is a miracle that he survived in the accident.Note: 形式主语it 引入:It is too difficult for me to understand the sentenceIt is too easy to solve the problemIt’s funny to play basketball.It 可引导的主语从句1.it +名词+从句it is a fact that he didn’t pass the exam.2.It+形容词+从句It is strange that he failed to pass the exam3.It+不及物动词+从句It seems that he likes eating bananas.4.It+过去分词+从句It is said that he has passed the exam5.其它It doesn’t matter if you don’t pass the exam.2.表语从句介绍1表语介绍The book is on the desk (prep)You looks beautiful (adj)This is a book (n)2.表语从句介绍It seems that it is going to rainThis is how Jane lives.The reason of his not coming is that he was ill.The problem is whether you love her.3.同位语从句介绍1.同位语介绍We both have black hair and black eyes.This is a photo of me and my twin sister LiuYing2.同位语从句介绍定义:同位于从句用于对名词作进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容。

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句讲解

你告诉我们的消(息定真语的从令句)人鼓舞。
பைடு நூலகம்
二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
1、含义不同:同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明,知道具体 内容,指同一件事(可以划等号);定语从句用来修饰、限定前 面的名词,不知道具体内容。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”的内容:我们
3) 复合句 主句+引导词+从句
请判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:
1.He often reads English in the morning.
简单句
2.You help him and he helps you.
并列句
3.My suggestion is that we should study step by step.
much time online.
B 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.
4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent?
B 5. Is this the company where your father works? B 6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence.
队取得了决赛胜利。)
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
(从句对“消息”加以限定:是你告诉我们的,而非来自其他 渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)
二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处

主语从句_表语从句_同位语从句)


我的问题是他是否离开了
注:if不能引导表语从句
3)wh-疑问句(who/where/how..)当表语从 句为疑问的语气时,用wh-疑问句来引导,要 注意从句语序为陈述语序。 1.My question is who left. 我想问的是谁离开了 2.That’s what he wants. 那是他想要的。 3.This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 4.That is why he didn’t come here. 这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。

1.Africa is a big continent.
2.The patient is out of danger. 3.The sun is up. 4.The egg smells good. 5.Her job is selling computers. 主语+系动词+表语
exercises

Combine the sentences using “the fact that” Ann was late. That didn’t surprise me. Rosa didn’t come. That made me angry. I am a little tired. I feel fine except for that. Many people live in poverty. That must concern all of us. Lily didn’t pass the entrance examination. She was not admitted to the university due to that .

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句讲解


Do you know the fact that they were talking
about?
(定从)
注意:1. 定语从句,从句是不完整的,关系 词充当成分;而同位语从句中的that只起连接 作用。
2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用, 而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。
一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处
by step.
复合句
4.Both Tom and Mike are American boys. 简单句 5.He said that he has known all before. 复合句
复合句:主句+引导词+从句
定语从句
复合句 名词性从句
状语从句
请思考 定语从句的定义:
起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.
3. We love peace.
(名词作宾语)
4. He said that he has known. 在句中充当及物动词或介词或be+adj.后宾 语的从句叫做宾语从句。
1、That we will realize our dreams in the future is
certain (. 主语从句)
2、The fact is that Beijing will hold 29th Olympic
Games this year.(表语从句) 3、I know that well begun is half done(. 宾语从句)
Miss. Liang , a 24-year-old girl, teaches us English .

高考英语语法考点之主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句

高考英语语法考点之主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句高考频度:★★★★★考点详解考向二主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。

2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省;what引导的主语从句表示"……的东西"时,一般不用it作形式主语;whatever,whoever,whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。

☞That she will succeed is certain.☞It is certain that she will succeed.常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种:(1)It+系动词+形容词(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal等)+that从句☞It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honour,a wonder,no wonder等)+that从句It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success.(3)It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well­known,announced等)+that从句☞It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.(4)It+特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)+that从句☞It happened to me that I had been away when he called.注意:(1)在"It is necessary/important/strange/natural...+that从句"结构中,从句谓语常用"(should+)动词原形"形式。

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主语从句和同位语从句
A.this
B.that
C.what
D.which
解析:选C。本题考查名词性从句的用法。 句意:村民们已经知道我们将要做的就是 重建这座桥。分析句子成分可知have already known后为宾语从句。而在该
宾语从句中又含“________ we’ll do”这一主
语从句,该主语从句缺少宾语,且表“事物”,
主语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句
语法精讲考点整合
经典品味 1.When the news came ________ the war broke out,he decided to serve
.that
D.because
主语从句和同位语从句
解析:选C。本题考查同位语从句。句 意:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定 参军。“the war broke out”作the news 的同位语,该同位语从句不缺任何成分, 用that引导,故答案为C项。
主语从句和同位语从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管说已经有 两千名病人服用了这种药品,但是, 这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确。
****注意:that从句作主语时,可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is +形容词(eg.clear/certain/likely/true/surprising)that… (B)It is +名词短语(eg.a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder) that ...
主语从句和同位语从句 (Subject clause and Appositive clause)
主语从句和同位语从句
主语从句(Subject Clause)
定义:在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。 引导主语从句的词 连词:that whether if 连接代词:who what which 连接副词:when where why how(--ever的延伸词)
主语从句和同位语从句
要点浓缩 主语从句在主句中作主语,位于主句谓 语动词之前,但多数情况下由it作形式主 语,而把真正的主语放在句子的后面, 其句型结构为:It +be+n./adj.+ that/whether/why/when+从句。
主语从句和同位语从句
It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我真的没有想到你能说服他改变主 意。
主语从句和同位语从句
Whether there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved up to now. 外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物 迄今尚未确定。
主语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句
主语从句和同位语从句
解析:选A。本题考查名词性从句。句 意:那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家 现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中。“It”作 形式主语,“________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not”作真正的主语。 根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知答案 为whether,“whether...or not”在名 词性从句中意为:是否。
(C)It is +过去分词(said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested)that …
主语从句和同位语从句
主语从句
语法精讲考点整合
1.The villagers have already known________we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.
主语从句和同位语从句
一)主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
故用what引导。
主语从句和同位语从句
2.It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
A.whether
B.when
C.which
D.where
同位语从句的引导词 连词:that whether 连接代词:what who whom whose 连接副词:when where how why
主语从句和同位语从句
二)同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news、 fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea 、 promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。 e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 记一下句型: There is no doubt that... There is much chance that... There is no possibility that...(There is no possibility of doing sth)
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