阶段测试题
山东省山东师大附高2022-2023学年高一上学期12月阶段测试化学试题含答案
山东师大附高2022-2023学年高一上学期12月阶段测试化学试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H~1 C~12 N~14 O~16 Na~23 S~32 Cl~35.5 K~39 一、单选题（每小题2分，共10小题。
）1．某学生运用所学知识研究钠的性质：将一粒金属钠和一块铜片分别盛在表面皿中，来研究它们在空气中的稳定性．该学生采用的研究方法是（）①假说法②实验法③分类法④比较法．A．①②B．①③C．②④D．①③2．下列各组物质中的两种物质反应，反应条件、反应物的用量对生成物没有影响的是（）A．Fe + Cl2 B．Na + O2 C．CO2 + Ca（OH）2 D．C + O2 3．下列关于金属钠的叙述错误的是（）A．金属钠着火时，可以用砂土灭火B．金属钠投入水融化成小球的原因是反应放热且钠熔点低C．实验后剩余的钠粒，需要放回原试剂瓶中D．将一小块钠投入硫酸铜溶液时，产生无色气泡并置换出红色金属固体4．下列有关氯气及其化合物的说法不正确的是（）A．液氯和氯气的成分相同B．干燥的氯气和氯水均能使鲜花褪色C．因为氯气有毒，所以可用于杀菌、消毒、漂白D．氯气能与大多数金属化合，一般与变价金属生成其最高价氯化物5．如果1g水中含有a个氢原子，则阿伏加德罗常数的值为（）A．9a B．18a C．2a D ．6．下列说法不正确的是（）A．漂白粉可用于生活用水的消毒B．配制0.4000mol•L﹣1的NaOH溶液，可称取4.0g固体NaOH于烧杯中，加入少量蒸馏水溶解，立即转移至250mL容量瓶中定容C．Na2O2可与CO2反应放出氧气，可用于制作呼吸面具D．氯水具有较强的氧化性，可用于漂白纸张、织物等7．对于下列事实的相应解释不正确的是（）选项事实解释A钠保存在煤油中煤油不与钠发生反应，钠的密度比煤油大，煤油可以隔绝空气和水蒸气B用洁净的玻璃管向包有Na2O2的脱脂棉吹气，脱脂棉燃烧CO2、H2O与Na2O2的反应是放热反应C用小苏打治疗胃酸过多Na2CO3可中和胃酸D钠长期暴露在空气中的产物是Na2CO3是钠与空气中氧气、水和二氧化碳反应的结果8．用NaOH固体配制一定物质的量浓度的NaOH溶液，下列操作正确的是A．称量时，将固体NaOH放在纸片上，放在天平左盘上称量B．将称量好的固体NaOH放入容量瓶中，加蒸馏水溶解C．将烧杯中溶解固体NaOH所得溶液，冷却到室温后转移至容量瓶中D．定容时如果加水超过了刻度线，用胶头滴管直接吸出多余部分9．已知N A是阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法错误的是（）A．22.4L（标准状况）氩气含有的质子数为18N AB．1L0.1mol•L﹣1碳酸钠溶液含有的Na+数目为0.1N AC．标准状况下，2.24LN2和O2的混合气体中分子数为0.1N AD．16gCH4中含有的原子总数为5N A10．下雪时，常用融雪剂清理路面，醋酸钾（CH3COOK）是常用的融雪剂．下列四个选项中，关于1molCH3COOK的叙述正确的是（）A．CH3COOK的相对分子质量为98 mol﹣1B．CH3COOK的摩尔质量为98 gC．1 mol CH3COOK含有2 mol氧D．1 mol CH3COOK含有3×6.02×1023个H二、多选题（每小题有1个或2个答案，全对4分，选对不全2分，有选错的0分）11．用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是（）A．在1 L 0.1 mol/L的碳酸钠溶液中，氧原子总数为0.3 N AB．物质的量浓度为0.5mol/L的MgCl2溶液中，含有Cl﹣个数为1N AC．常温常压下，32 g O2﹣中所含电子的数目为20N AD．标准状况下，11.2 L乙醇中含有分子的数目为0.5 N A12．下列各组物质中分子数相同的是（）A．2L一氧化碳和2L二氧化碳B．9g水和标准状况下11.2L二氧化碳C．标准状况下1mol氧气和18克水D．0.2mol氢气和7.3g氯化氢气体13．某NaOH样品中含有少量Na2CO3、NaHCO3和H2O，经分析测定，其中含NaOH83.4%（质量分数，下同），NaHCO3 8.8%，Na2CO3 6.4%，H2O 1.4%．将此样品若干克投入到49克21%的稀硫酸中，待反应完全后，需加入20克9.0%的NaOH溶液方能恰好中和。
河南省天一大联考2024_2025学年高二数学上学期阶段性测试试题二文
河南省天一大联考2024-2025学年高二数学上学期阶段性测试试题（二）文考生留意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有－项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知集合A＝{x|x2－5x＋6≥0}，B＝{x|－1≤x<3}，则A∩B＝A.[－1，2]B.[－1，3]C.[2，3]D.[－1，＋∞)2.假如b<a<0，那么下列不等式错误的是A.a3>b3B.|b|>|a|C.ln2a<ln2bD.11 b a <3.命题“∀x∈[2，＋∞)，log2(x－1)>0”的否定为A.∀x∈[2，＋∞)，log2(x－1)<0B.∃x0∈[2，＋∞)，log2(x0－1)≤0C.∀x∈(－∞，2)，log2(x－1)<0D.∃x0∈(－∞，2)，log2(x0－1)≤04.“函数f(x)＝(2a－1)x是增函数”是“a>2”的A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件5.已知{a n}是等差数列，且a2，a4038是函数f(x)＝x2－16x－2024的两个零点，则a2024＝A.8B.－8C.2024D.－20246.已知双曲线C，则该双曲线的实轴长为7.在△ABC中，a，b，c分别是角A，B，C的对边，若(a－b－c)(a－b＋c)＋ab＝0且sinA＝－12，则B＝A.2πB.3πC.4πD.6π 8.已知抛物线C ：y 2＝2px(p>0)的焦点为F ，准线为l ，点M(2，y 0)在抛物线C 上，⊙M 与直线l 相切于点E ，且∠EMF ＝3π，则⊙M 的半径为 A.23 B.43 C.2 D.83 9.函数y =f(x)的导函数y=f'(x)的图象如右图所示，则y =f(x)的图象可能是10.已知函数f(x)的导函数为f'(x)，在(0，＋∞)上满意xf'(x)>f(x)，则下列肯定成立的是A.2024f(2024)>2024/(2024)B.f(2024)>f(2024)C.2024f(2024)<2024f(2024)D.f(2024)<f(2024)11.已知椭圆E ：22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，直线x －ty ＝0与椭圆E 交于A ，B 两点。
广东省深圳中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次阶段测试物理试题
2022-2023学年深圳中学高三年级第一次阶段测试物理命题人审题人周小薇贾川一、单选题1．安徽宿松籍科学家吴宜灿获2018年欧洲聚变核能创新奖．物理学史上许多物理学家的科学研究推动了人类文明的进程．关于科学家的贡献，下列说法正确的是（）A．亚里士多德认为，必须有力作用在物体上，物体的运动状态才会改变B．胡克用逻辑推理的方法得出了弹簧的伸长与外力的关系C．牛顿做了著名的斜面实验，得出轻重物体自由下落一样快的结论D．伽利略通过“理想实验”得出结论：运动物体必具有一定速度，如果它不受力，它将以这一速度永远运动下去2．如图所示，在一端封闭的的光滑细玻璃管管中注满清水，水中放一个蜡块块，蜡块块在匀速上浮的的同时，玻璃管沿水平方向做匀加速直线运动，以初始位置为坐标坐标原点，蜡块的运动轨迹可能为（）A．直线Oa B．曲线Ob C．曲线Oc D．曲线Odv水平抛出，在平抛运动过程中与竖直挡板在B点3．如图所示，一小球从A点以初速度发生碰撞，最终落在C点。
已知碰撞的瞬间竖直方向速度的大小和方向都不变，水平方v，则（）向速度的大小不变而方向反向，若仅增大平抛初速度A．小球与挡板碰撞的点将在B点的下方B．小球的落地点将在C点的左边C．在整个运动过程中重力对小球做功增多D．小球落地时重力做功的瞬时功率增大4．如图所示，一水平的浅色长传送带上放置一质量为m的煤块（可视为质点），煤块与传送带之间的动摩擦因数为μ。
初始时，传送带与煤块都是静止的。
现让传送带以恒定的加速度a开始运动，当其速度达到v后，便以此速度做匀速运动，经过一段时间，煤块在传送带上留了一段黑色痕迹后，相对于传送带不再滑动，关于上述过程，以下判断正确的是（重力加速度大小为g）（）A．μ与a之间一定满足关系ag μ>B．煤块从开始运动到相对传送带静止通过的位移为2 v g μC．煤块从开始运动到相对传送带静止经历的时间为v g μD．黑色痕迹的长度为()222a g vaμ-5．汽车A和汽车B（均可视为质点）在平直的公路上沿两平行车道同向行驶，A车在后（如图甲所示），以某时刻作为计时起点，此时两车相距x0=12m，汽车A运动的x t-图象如图乙所示，汽车B运动的v t-图象如图丙所示。
九年级物理阶段测试试卷
九年级物理阶段检测题第一部分选择题(共24分)一、选择题(每空2分，共24分)1．下列有关物理量的估算，符合实际的是（）A．人正常心跳一次的时间约2s B．挂壁式空调的额定功率约1.2kWC．泰州地区冬季最低气温可达－25℃D．人的拇指宽度约为10cm2. 关于声现象，说法正确的是（）A．只要物体振动，我们就能听到声音B．声音的传播速度是340m/sC．声音是一种波，它具有能量D．“禁鸣喇叭”，是在声音传播过程中减弱噪声3．水被烧开后，水面上方有“白色气体”；在炎热的夏天，冰块的上方也有“白色气体”（）A．前者主要是由杯中的水转变成的“水的气态物质”B．后者主要是由冰转变成的“水的气态物质”C．前者主要是由杯中的水转变成的“水的液态物质”D．后者主要是由冰转变成的“水的液态物质”4．市场上有一种“55℃保温杯”，外层为隔热材料，内层为导热材料，夹层间有“神奇物质”．开水倒入杯中数分钟后，水温降为55℃且能较长时间保持不变．“神奇物后”在55℃（）A．一定处于固态B．一定处于液态C．一定处于固、液混合态D．以上情况都有可能5．如图所示，下列关于光学现象的描述或解释，正确的是（）A．图甲中，小孔成的是倒立的虚像B．图乙中，水中的笔变弯了是由于光的折射形成的C．图丙中，漫反射的光线杂乱无章不遵循光的反射定律D．图丁中，荷花在水中形成倒影是由于光的直线传播形成的6．小明在公园的湖面上看到“云在水中飘，鱼在云上游”，对于这一有趣现象，下列说法中正确的是（）A. 云和鱼都是虚像B. 云和鱼都是由光的反射形成的C. 云是虚像，鱼是实像D. 云和鱼都是由光的折射形成的7．如图是甲、乙两种不同电磁波在空气中传播的振幅与距离关系图象，下列说法正确的是（）A．甲电磁波的传播速度较快B．甲电磁波振动的振幅较大C．两电磁波的振动频率相同D．甲电磁波振动的波长较长8．我国自主研发的北斗导航卫星已经正式为车载终端提供服务．卫星传递信息利用的是（）A．超声波B．红外线C．紫外线D．微波9．下列四幅图中，用来研究磁场对通电导线有力的作用的是（）A．图甲中，通电后小磁针偏转B．图乙中，闭合开关后铁钉吸引大头针C．图丙中，风车转动时电流表指针偏转D．图丁中，闭合开关后线圈转动10．图示四个电路中，电源电压相同且恒定不变，电阻R 1>R 2．闭合开关S 前后，电压表的示数变化值大小相同的一组是（ ）A ．甲和乙B ．丙和丁C ．甲和丙D ．乙和丙11．在探究串联电路电压特点时，某同学连接的电路如图4所示．对于实验过程中出现的现象及分析，下列判断正确的是（ ）A ．开关闭合后，若灯泡L 2不亮、L 1亮，一定是L 2灯丝断了B ．如果只有灯泡L 1断路，则开关闭合后电压表示数一定为零C ．开关闭合后，如果电压表示数为零，灯泡L 2一定不发光D ．如果所有元件均完好，闭合开关，向右移动滑动变阻器的滑片时，两灯都变亮12．如右图甲所示，电源电压为9V 不变，滑动变阻器的最大阻值为100Ω，电流在0.1A ～0.4A 之间时电子元件均能正常工作.若通过此电子元件的电流与其两端电压的关系如图乙所示，则下列判断正确的是（ ）A ．电子元件处于正常工作状态时，电路消耗的最小功率为3.6WB ．为使电子元件处于正常工作状态，滑动变阻器的阻值范围应控制在12.5Ω～70ΩC ．当P 在中点时，电子元件与滑动变阻器的电压之比为1:1D ．电子元件工作时，电阻保持不变 第二部分 非选择题(共76分)二、填空题(每空1分，共26分)13．如图所示，拨打悬挂在广口瓶内的手机，听到手机发声,同时看到手机 指示灯亮.不断抽出瓶内的空气．根据 ▲ (填写对应的现象），可以推断真空不能传声，根据▲ （填写对应的现象）；可以推断真空能够传播电磁波；将广口瓶换成密闭的 ▲ ，手机将难以接收到信号．甲 乙 丙 丁第10题图 第11题图 第13题图 第14题图第12题图14．如图所示，让一束阳光通过棱镜产生了七色光，A 是 ▲ 光，如果我们把一支温度计放在 ▲ 点外侧，温度计的示数会上升比较明显，因为 ▲ 具有热效应。
安徽省合肥市庐江县2022-2023学年九年级上学期阶段测试语文试题(含答案)
2022-2023学年度阶段练习一九年级语文试卷一、语文积累与运用（35分）2.请运用所积累的知识，完成（1）～（4）题。
（13分）太阳的话艾青打开你们的窗子吧快起来，快起来打开你们的板门吧快从枕头里抬起头来让我进去，让我进去挣开你的被jié毛盖着的眼进到你们的小屋里让你的眼看见我的到来我带着金黄的花束让你们的心像小小的木板房A 打开它们的关闭了很久的窗子我带着村间的香气让我把花束，把香气，把亮光B 温暖和露水撒满你们心的空间我带着亮光和温暖（1942年1月14日）C（1）根据拼音写汉字，给加点的字注音，并找出文中错别字进行修改。
（4分）jié（）毛撒．（）满（）改为（）（2）下列说法错误的一项是（3分）（）A. 艾青，原名蒋海澄，现代文学家、诗人。
我们学过他的诗歌《我爱这土地》。
B. 在《艾青诗选》中，诗人写尽了对太阳的热爱，其中包括《太阳》《向太阳》等诗篇。
C. 朗读"让你的眼看见我的到来/让你们的心像小小的木板房"时，要读出命令的语气。
D. 本诗用第一人称和第二人称来写，显得亲切自然，也便于抒发情感。
（3）“我带着满身的露水”是从诗歌第二节抽出来的一句话，应当放在__处。
请你模仿这四句再写一句∶。
（2分）（4）诗歌通过太阳这一意象来表达诗人的思想感情。
其中，紧闭着的窗子和板门比喻。
（4分）3.班级开展“我看家庭教育”综合实践活动，请你参与。
（12分）（1）下面是小明整理的发言资料，请你帮助修改、补充。
（8分）家庭教育的内核和本质属性必须也只能是教育。
【甲】而教育的本质决定了家庭教育不能不计较父母或子女任何一方的一时利益，必须为立德树人服务，为子女的终身发展服务，“父母之爱子，则为之计深远”说的正是这个意思。
父母为子女安排好饮食起居，为他们提供身体上的保护，通过言传身教帮助子女养成健康向上的人格和良好的行为处事习惯，【乙】这（）家庭教育的重要内容，（）家庭教育的根本要义。
上海市风华中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月阶段测试英语试题(无答案)
上海市风华中学2024学年度第一学期高三年级英语阶段测试（2024.9）（满分140分考试时间：120分钟）第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She has no appetite at all. B. She wants to dine out.C. She is too tired to go out.D. She prefers to cook at home.2. A. 6 pounds B. 7 pounds. C. 8 pounds. D. 9 pounds.3. A. At the professor's office. B. In the bookstore.C. In the library.D. In the laboratory.4. A. Because something went wrong with his car.B. Because his car was broken in an accident.C. Because he wanted to take a walk for a rest.D. Because he was stuck in a traffic jam.5. A. The morning flight. B. The afternoon flight.C. The evening flight.D. The midnight flight.6. A. She is not interested in going camping with him.B. She wants the man to stay at home with her.C. She thinks the man needs to have a good rest.D. She thinks the man should prepare for the exams.7. A. Some major revisions are needed. B. It should be revised by a tutor.C. Only a few changes should be made.D. The draft needs no revision at all.8 A. He is going away for a while. B. He worked hard to earn money.C. He did very well in the exam.D. He can't wait to have a rest.9. A. He forgot to bring his own camera. B. He is not good at taking pictures.C. He cannot take a photo with the camera.D. He doesn't know how to use the camera.10. A. She was interrupted by a visiting friend. B. She didn't come back until midnight.C. She stayed up late for the final exam.D. She visited her friend instead of studying.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can maintain their body temperature stable.B. They conserve enough energy before the long sleep.C. They can keep their heart beat at a regular rate.D. They have their weight increased to the maximum.12. A. By staying in bidıng places and eating little.B. By seeking extra food and warm shelter.C. By growing thicker hair to stay warm.D. By storing enough food in advance.13. A To stay safe. B. To save energy. C. To get more food. D. To protect the young. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Four to six hours. B. Six to nine hours.C. Around eight hours.D. More than eight hours.15. A. They may not be able to concentrate well.B. They may get the feeling of being drunk.C. They may suffer from high blood pressure.D. They may lose weight easily in a short period of time.16. A. Military people are used to being deprived of sleep.B. Training can make people sleep less and suffer less.C. People can bank sleep by sleeping more beforehand.D. Sleeping earlier than usual makes people sleep less.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. Double Eleven sales in 2021.B. Unreliable factors of online shopping.C. Key points of Taobao's success ı n sales.D. Advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.18. A. People who are good at doing business.B. People who work seven days a week.C. People who have very busy schedules.D. People who dislike telephone shopping.19. A. Consumers can save a lot of time.B. It provides round- the- clock service.C. People can buy things without leaving their homes or offices.D. The quality of the product is the same as what is described online.20. A. Inferior quality. B. Various retailers.C. Efficient sales return.D. Convenient delivery.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankAI Weather Forecasting Can't Replace Humans- YetAs Hurricane Lee was curving（呈曲线）northward to the west of Bermuda in mid- September of last year, forecasters were busily consulting weather models and data from hurricane- hunter aircraft to calculate （21）________ the dangerous storm was likely to make landfall （着陆）: New England or farther east, in Canada. The sooner the meteorologists（气象学家）could do so, the earlier they could warn those in the path of damaging wind gusts and fierce storm surges By six days ahead of landfall, it was clear that Lee （22）________（follow）the eastward path, and warnings were issued, accordingly. But （mother tool- an experimental AI model called GraphCast-（23）________（mate）that outcome accurately three whole days before the forecasters' traditional models.GraphCast's prediction is a window into AI's potential （24）________（improve）weather forecasts. But whether it is a forecaster of a true sea change in the field or will simply become one of many tools （25）________ human forecasters consult to determine which way the winds will blow is still up in the air.GraphCast, developed by Google DeepMind, is the latest of several AI weather models （26）________（release）in recent years. Google's Metnet, first introduced in2020, is already being used in products such as the company's “now cast” in its weather app. All are advertised as having an accuracy that is comparable with or higher than（27）________ on the best non-AI forecasting computer models and have caused a sensation in meteorology, with GraphCast （28）________（cause）the most significant stir so far.The DeepMind research team had put GraphCast through its paces by feeding it historical weather data to see if it could accurately “predict” what happened. The study showed the AI performed equal to or even better than the gold standard.Yet （29）________ GraphCast becomes probabilistic-- and even if the model's resolution improves and the AI becomes more accurate in its forecasts of rain and storm intensity - modeling remains just a single component of the weather- prediction pipeline, says Hendrik Tolman, senior adviser for advanced modeling systems at the NWS. However, every expert described GraphCast and other Al models as additional devices in their tool kit. If AI （30）________produce accurate forecasts quickly and cheaply, there's no reason not to begin using it together with existing methods.But will there be a world where AI models replace physics- based models— and people -- in the future? Forecasts suggest there's little chance.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. Note that there is one word or phrase more than you need.A. desperatelyB. functionalC. green- lightingD. impactE. independenceF longstanding G. progressive H reasonably I. reversing J. swallowK. targetedAlzheimer's Drug Approved Despite Fierce DebateThe -U. S. Food and Drug Administration （FDA）recently approved the drug Aduhelm, produced by American biotechnology company Biogen with Japan's Eisai Co., to treat patients with Alzheimer's（老年痴呆症）disease. The approval was based on study results showing that the drug seemed“（31）________ likely” to benefit Alzheimer's patients, the FDA said.The decision, which could （32）________ millions of Alzheimer's patients and their families, has sparked disagreements among medical researchers. While the drug was shown to be effective in slowing the mental decline in patients' suffering from the disease, it was not proven to be effective in （33）________ its effects, the Associated Press reported. citing a study. The rate of mental decline in patients that had been administered Aduhelm was slowed by 22 percent when compared to patients who had received a placebo（安慰剂）. But even given these results, on a test that is conducted to evaluate the cognitive and （34）________ abilities of a patient, patients who were administered Adubelm only showed an increase of 0.39 in their- scores. And it's unclear how such metrics （度量标准）translate into practical benefits, like greater（35）________ or the ability to recall important details.The FDA's review of the drug has become a flashpoint in （36）________ debates over standards used to evaluate therapies for hard- to- treat conditions. On one side, groups representing Alzheimer's patients and their families say any new therapy - even one of small benefit -deserves approval. But many experts ward that（37）________ the drug could set a dangerous example by opening the door to treatments of questionable benefit.Alzheimer's is an irreversible, （38）________ brain disorder that slowly attacks areas of the brain that are essential to memory, reasoning, communication, and basic daily tasks. In the final stages of the disease, the patients will lose the ability to（39）________Science doesn't fully understand what causes Alzheimer's, but there's broad agreement that the brain plaque（斑点）that is being （40）________ by Aduhelm is one of the contributing factors. Evidence suggests family history, education, and chronic conditions like heart disease may all play a role. “This is a sign of hope but not the final answer,” said Dr. Richard Hodes, director of the U. S. National Institute on Aging.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Some people like to read the instructions from start to finish before they take action while others study the diagrams and then jump right in. This 41 for one approach over another when learning new information is not uncommon. Indeed, the notion that people learn in different ways is such a universal belief in American culture that there is a thriving industry dedicated to 42 learning styles and training teachers to meet the needs of different learners.Just because a notion is popular, 43 , doesn't make it true. A recent review of learning styles found evidence to clearly support the idea that outcomes are 44 when instructional techniques align with （匹配）individuals' learning styles. Most previous investigations on learning styles focused on classroom learning, and assessed whether instructional style 45 outcomes for different types of learners. But is the 46 really where most of the serious learning occurs? Some might argue that, in this era of flipped classrooms and online course materials, students 47 more of the information on their own. That might explain why instructional style in theclassroom matters little. It also 48 the possibility that learning styles do matter. Perhaps a 49 between students' individual learning styles and their study strategies is the key to ideal outcomes.To explore this 50 , researchers asked students enrolled in an anatomy class （解剖课）to complete an online learning styles assessment, answer questions about their study strategies and report details about the 51 they used outside of class（e. g. flash cards, review of lecture notes, anatomy coloring books）.Scores suggested that most students used multiple learning styles, but that no particular style 52 better outcomes than another. The focus in this study, however, was not on whether a particular learning style was more53 . Despite knowing their own, self- reported learning preferences, nearly 70% of students 54 to employ study techniques that supported those preferences. Given the popular belief that learning styles matter, and the fact that many students 55 poor academic performance on the lack of a match between their learning style and teachers' instructional methods, one might expect students to rely on techniques that support their personal learning preferences when working on their own.41. A. preference B. tendency C. phenomenon D. practice42. A. identifying B. exposing C. revealing D. establishing43. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead44. A. best B. acceptable C. disappointing D. undesirable45. A. impacted B challenged C. confirmed D. supported46. A. network B. classroom C. school D. lecture47. A. require B. collect C. master D. demand48. A. limits B eliminates C examines D. raises49. A. comparison B. link C. balance D. match50. A. issue B. possibility C. field D. proposal51. A. equipment B. techniques C. notebooks D. assistance52. A. originated in B. resulted from C. resulted in D. took over53. A. important B. advantageous C meaningful D popular54. A. failed B. managed C. struggled D. attempted55. A. count B. concentrate C. blame D. conductSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled （摸索）in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches; they had taken those. I looked through the bars at my jailer. He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him, “Have you got a light?” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. As he came close and lit the match, his eyes unconsciously locked with mine. At that moment, I smiled. I don't know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one toanother, it is very hard not to smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn't want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new dimension too.“Do you have kids?” he asked.“Yes, here, here.”I took out my wallet and nervously fumbled for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes filled with tears. I said that I feared that I'd never see my family again, never have the chance to see them grow up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word, he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the town.My life was saved by a smile, yes, the smile- the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn't be enemies. We couldn't have hate or envy or fear.56. The underlined sentence indicates that the author and the jailer started to have a ________ conversation.A. less impersonalB. more intenseC. less formalD. more friendly57. Which is true based on the first paragraph?A. My hands were shaking because of fear.B. The jailer was going to shoot me.C. I smile8 because I had to beg for life.D. He smiled to me because he wanted to.58. Their eyes were filled with tears because they both ________.A. took out the pictures of their familiesB. missed their families far awayC. had plans and hopes for futureD. feared that they would die59. How does a smile succeed in saving the author's life?A. By asking for the jailer to light a cigarette.B. By planning for an exchange of family pictures.C. By establishing natural connection between people.D. By hiding the human feelings of hate, envy or fear.（B）CareersHome The UN Workforce Pay and Benefits Career Journeys Career Options How to Apply Apply Now Home>> How To ApplyFAQs on preparing your ApplicationQ: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening（JO）?A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position.Q: What's the difference between duties and achievements?A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.Q: Many of my achievements are team- based, how do I draft them in my Application?A: You should include your team- based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team, and describe your specific role in reaching the goal.FAQs on general Application guidelinesQ: Can I save my Application?A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/ or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying.Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO?A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it , if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application?A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.60. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements?A. I've developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model.B. I'm good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market.C. I'm in charge of the clearance, production and distribution of information material.D. I succeeded in directing a video presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize.61. If you want to apply for another JO, you'd better __________.A. target your focus on your interest in the JOB. save your latest application in Word formatC. Serape one application with all your competenciesD. update your application to match new requirements62. Applicants are expected to __________ in their applications.A. introduce what JOs they have previously applied toB. list the greatest achievements they have made in detailC. give key information about their experiences and achievementsD provide the results of their tests, assessments and examinations（C）Atlantis is the legendary island that sank beneath the waves in the distant past, taking down with it an advanced civilization. Is it possible that we will ever find it? Or, more importantly did it even exist?The short answer to both: No. All available evidence indicates that the philosopher Plato, sometime around 360 B. C., invented the island nation to illustrate a point about the dangers of aggressive imperialism（势力扩张）. In Plato's telling, Atlantis was no utopia. Rather, it was a centrist to an idealized version of Athens from long before Plato's time. This ancient Athens was very similar to Plato's notion of the ideal state. Plato laid out the details for what such a state would look like in his famous work, I he Republic. It should be small and virtuous. The residents of Atlantis, on the other hand, were eventually “filled with an unjust lust for possessions and power," according to Plato's character who described the island.In Plato's texts, Atlantis was “larger than Libya and Asia combined,”（which, in Plato's time. would have referred to modern- day northern Africa and over half of Turkey）. It was situated in the Atlantic Ocean, somewhere outward from the Strait of Gibraltar. It's a landmass large enough that, if it really existed somewhere underwater in the Atlantic, it would certainly appear on sonar maps of the ocean floor.So how did Atlantis come to represent a lost utopic civilization? For that, you can mostly blame （or thank）Ignatius Donnelly. In 1882, the former U. S. Congressman published Atlantis. The Antediluvian World. The book laid out 13 hypotheses, centered on the idea that Atlantis had truly existed, and indeed represented a place “where early mankind dwelt for ages in peace and happiness. According to Donnelly, Atlantis was the original source of many ancient civilizations around the world. If one followed the clues in Plato's writing, Donnelly believed, Atlantis could be found. He was inspired by a remarkable discovery in the early 1870s. An amateur archaeologist claimed to have unearthed the legendary city of Troy based on Homer's The Iliad. If Troy, long thought to be fictional, was real, why shouldn't Atlantis be, too?Donnelly was certain of his theory, predicting that hard evidence of the sunken city would soon be found, and that museums around the world would one day be filled with artifacts from Atlantis. Yet about 140 years have passed without a trace of evidence. The Atlantis legend has been kept alive, fueled by the public's imagination and fascination with the idea of a hidden. long- lost utopia. Yet the “lost city of Atlantis was never lost; it is where it always was: in Plato's books.63. What can we learn about Plato?A. He predicted that Atlantis would be' destroyed by aggressive imperialism.B. He was inspired by utopia to gradually form the notion of the ideal state.C. He created the setting in which residents of Atlantis were not virtuous.D. He witnessed Atlanteans' pursuit of an unjust lust for possessions and power.64. Homer's The Iliad is mentioned ___________.A. to demonstrate the actual existence of the legendary city of Troy.B. as indirect evidence of the credibility of Plato's account of Atlantis.C. because it is a great piece of fictional writing about an ancient legend.D. because it contains many clues about the legendary city of Troy.65. According to the passage, Atlantis was ___________.A. a long- lost small utopia with many virtuous residents.B. a large landmass situated in the Atlantic Ocean.C. the original source of many ancient civilizations.D. Plato's invention against which to highlight his ideal.66. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Plato, Atlantis and How the City Collapsed and Finally Got LostB Plato Told a Lie, and Ignatius Donnelly was to Blame for ItC. The History, Legends, and Evidence of the Lost City of AtlantisD. Where Is the Lost City of Atlantis — and Does It Even Exist?Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. In addition to painting on canvas, Crisco also paints on musical instruments.B. However, no matter what the scene is, none of the paintings focus on the darkness.C. His paintings take you on an unknown adventure into an unknown space, reminding you to be alert and brave.D. Through the use of glowing paint. he brings a sense of magic and energy to the scenes that he creates.E. Studies have shown that expressing themselves. through art can help people with depression and anxietyF. As a self- taught artist s be found his passion for art at a dark time in his life when he found himself suddenly out or work.Bringing Light to the Darkness with Crisco ArtMost paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow （发光）- in- the- dark paint.Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive. （67）_________ His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees, horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors, but it often appears to be the source of the light. （68）_________ Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way o t adding a little light to the world.Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti.（69）_________ Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness.Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness.A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure.（70）_________ With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are EV Really Environmentally Friendly?Many consumers are opting for an electric vehicle （EV）or plug- in hybrid electric vehicle （PHEV）to replace their polluting gas- powered cars. These electrified vehicles are rising to popularity on the premise of environmental conservation and eliminating the need for harmful emissions. There are a couple of things. however, to consider before concluding that EVs are the most environmentally friendly option for consumers.Where do electric cars get their energy? Although EVs create no emissions on board, they typically draw power from lithium- ion batteries. These batteries require charging, either at home or via a publicly accessible charging station. Since EV charging infrastructure is mainly reliant on the power grid - specifically, the grid draws power from plants like coal plants - although your EV does not produce any harmful emissions as you drive it, burning fossil fuels is involved in fueling it. Moreover, temperature extremes like excessive coldness or heat can dramatically reduce lithium- ion battery life. Carnegie Mellon University's Department of Engineering and Technology says that the most extreme cases of coldness will compromise efficiency by as much as 40%. The decreased efficiency is an issue if the power stored in the battery packs of EVs is sourced from fossil fuel- burning.Besides the power source, metal s such as lithium and cobalt are wrapped up in environmentally and socially questionable processes, too. One of the first environmental issues lithium batteries pose is how to dispose of them properly. In an average battery recycling plant, all parts of the battery are shredded into a powder using a mechanical shredder and then either melted or dissolved into acid — recycling lithium batteries isn't as simple. Lithium batteries are typically made up of a mix of different elements including cobalt, nickel, manganese and iron —cobalt especially known to be a hazardous substance. In addition, most studies associate lithium mining in South America from salt brine with salinization（盐化）of freshwater that the locals need to survive. Since the mineral contains dangerous substances, the mining process also contaminates the local water basins. So, lithium extraction exposes the local ecosystems to poisoning and other related health problems.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.他那种急于求成的心态让他无缘冠军宝座。
2022-2023学年上海市松江一中高一年级下册学期阶段测试1数学试题【含答案】
2022-2023学年上海市松江一中高一下学期阶段测试1数学试题一、填空题1．角是第__________象限角．2023︒【答案】三【分析】利用终边相同的角的表示判断出与的终边相同，即可判断.2023︒223︒【详解】因为，20235360223︒=⨯︒+︒所以与的终边相同，为第三象限角.2023︒223︒故答案为：三2．半径为2的扇形面积为，则扇形所对圆心角的弧度数为________．4π【答案】2π【分析】由扇形面积公式即可求解.212S r α=【详解】设扇形所对圆心角的弧度数为，半径为，αr 由扇形面积公式可得：，212S r α=214π22α=⨯解得.2πα=故答案为：2π3．若角的终边过点，则___________．α3(4,)P -sin cos αα+=【答案】##150.2【分析】由三角函数的定义求解即可.【详解】.1sin cos 5αα+=故答案为：154．已知，则___________．3π1cos 83α⎛⎫-=⎪⎝⎭5πcos 8α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭【答案】13-【分析】利用诱导公式将转化求解.5πcos()8α+5π3π3πcos()cos π()cos()888ααα⎡⎤+=--=--⎢⎥⎣⎦【详解】因为，5π3π3πcos()cos π()cos()888ααα⎡⎤+=--=--⎢⎥⎣⎦又因为，3π1cos()83α-=所以.5π1cos()83α+=-故答案为：13-5．若，则___________．（用符号表示)π2,π,sin 23x x ⎛⎫∈=⎪⎝⎭x =arcsin 【答案】2πarcsin3-【分析】根据反三角函数的定义即可求解.【详解】ππ,π,π0,22x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫∈∴-∈ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 而2sin sin(π)3x x =-=所以，即.2πarcsin3x -=2πarcsin 3x =-故答案为：2πarcsin3-6．若为锐角，则____________.θ()2sin log 1cot θθ+=【答案】-2【分析】利用同角公式化简真数为:,再用对数运算性质可得.2(sin )θ-【详解】因为2sin log (1cot )θθ+2sin 2cos log (1sin θθθ=+sin 21log sin θθ=2sin log (sin )θθ-=.2=-故答案为:2-【点睛】本题考查了同角三角函数的基本关系式以及对数的运算性质,属于基础题.7．若___.10,0,cos ,cos 224342ππππβαβα⎛⎫⎛⎫<<-<<+=-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭cos 2βα⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭【分析】首先根据同角三角函数的基本关系求出，，再根据sin 42πβ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭sin 4πα⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭利用两角差的余弦公式计算可得；cos cos 2442βππβαα⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦【详解】解：因为，10,cos 243ππαα⎛⎫<<+= ⎪⎝⎭所以，sin 4απ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭因为，所以，所以，因为02πβ-<<02πβ<-<4422ππβπ<-<cos 42πβ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭sin 42πβ⎛⎫-==⎪⎝⎭所以cos cos 2442βππβαα⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦cos cos sin sin 442442πππββαπα⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=+-++- ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭13==【点睛】本题考查同角三角函数的基本关系以及两角差的余弦公式，属于中档题.8．设的内角所对的边分别为，若，则角ABC ∆,,A B C ,,a b c 2,3sin 5sin b c a A B +===__________.C 【答案】23π【分析】根据正弦定理到，，再利用余弦定理得到，得到答案.35a b =75c a =1cos 2C =-【详解】，则，，故.3sin 5sin A B =35a b =2b c a +=75c a =根据余弦定理：，故.22222294912525cos 32225a a a a b cC aba a +-+-===-⋅23C π=故答案为：.23π【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理，余弦定理解三角形，意在考查学生的计算能力.9．在中，角所对应的边分别是，满足，则该三角形的形状ABC ∆,,A B C ,,a b c 2cos 2sin b a C c A ==是__________．【答案】等腰直角三角形【分析】根据正弦定理，可得，然后利用余弦定理可得，最后可得结果.4C π=A C =【详解】由正弦定理及， 得2cos 2sin a C c A =sin cos sin sin A C C A =，，sin 0A ≠ cos sin C C ∴=，cos 0C ≠ tan 1C ∴=，(0,)C π∈ 4C π∴=又，2cos b a C =b ∴=由余弦定理， 得，2222cos c a b ab C =+-222)2cos4c a a π=+- 即，，22,c a a c ==4A C π∴==为等腰直角三角形．ABC ∴ 故答案为：等腰直角三角形10．已知，且，则=______．sin αβ=αβ=0πα<<α【答案】或.π43π4【分析】两式平方相加从而得到角的三角函数值,然后由角的范围确定的值.ααα【详解】两式平方相加得,2222sin 3cos 2sin 2cos 2ααββ+=+=即, 则()22sin 31sin 2αα+-=sin α=因为,所以故或.0πα<<sin α=π4α=3π4故答案为：或.π43π411．在中，，则下列结论正确的是____________．ABC cos 2,B AC AB m ===①外接圆的面积为 ②若ABC 9πm =60C =︒③当时，有一解 ④ 的面积有最大值02m <≤ABC ABC 3+【答案】①④【分析】由正弦定理可判断①②，由余弦定理和基本不等式可判断④，由方程的解的情况可判断③.2240a m +-=【详解】由，由正弦定理得：，所以，cos B =1sin 3B =221sin 3b RB ==3R =所以外接圆的面积，①正确；ABC 2π9πS R ==若，解得：m =sin sin AC m B C =sin C =所以或（均符合题意），②错误；60C =︒120︒由，22222cos 22BC AB AC BC AB AC B BC AB BC AB+-⋅-=≥⋅⋅242BC AB BC AB -⋅⋅解得：，当且仅当6(3BC AB⋅≤+BC AB ==所以④正确；111sin 6(33223ABC S BC AB B =⋅≤⨯+⨯=+△，得，222244cos 22BC AB m a B BC AB a m +-+-==⋅⋅2240a m+-=当有一解时，关于方程只有一个正根ABC m 2240m a +-=2224(36)(4(4)9a a -∆=--=此方程有唯一正解等价于或，又，Δ0=2Δ040a >⎧⎨-≤⎩0a >解得：或，则③错误.02a <≤6a =故答案为：①④12．已知、是角终边与单位圆的两个不同交点，且，则()11,A x y ()22,B x y αβ、1221x y x y =的最大值为___________．121222x x y y +++【分析】由三角函数的定义设出的坐标，并根据的关系得出，再结合三角,A B 1221x y x y =πβα-=函数的性质求解最大值.【详解】可令（），（），且，11cos sin x y αα=⎧⎨=⎩[)0,2πα∈22cos sin x y ββ=⎧⎨=⎩[)2π0,β∈βα>所以、，()cos ,sin A αα()cos ,sin B ββ由可得：，1221x y x y =()cos sin sin cos sin 0αβαββα=⇒-=又因为，所以，αβ≠πβα-=所以1212s 22co cos 2sin sin 2x x y y αβαβ=++++++()()2cos cos π+2sin sin π+2cos cos 2sin sin αααααααα=+++=-+-πsin cos 4ααα⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭所以，当π4α=.二、单选题13．“”是“”的（ ）条件2()2x k k ππ=+∈Z sin 1x =A ．充分不必要B ．必要不充分C ．充要D ．既不充分也不必要【答案】A 【分析】由，可得，分析即得解sin 1x =()2x k k ππ=+∈Z 【详解】由题意，若，则，即，故充分性成立；2()2x k k ππ=+∈Z sin 1x =sin 1x =反之，若，则，即，故必要性不成立；sin 1x =sin 1x =±()2x k k ππ=+∈Z 故“”是“”的充分不必要条件.2()2x k k ππ=+∈Z sin 1x =故选：A14．已知）0,4πα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭A B ．C D ．αααα【答案】B【分析】由倍角公式化简即可.【详解】.0,,cos sin 0π4ααα⎛⎫∈∴>> ⎪⎝⎭=sin )ααααα==-=故选：B15．小明同学为了估算位于哈尔滨的索菲亚教堂的高度，在索菲亚教堂的正东方向找到一座建筑物AB ，高为m ，在它们之间的地面上的点M （B ，M ，D 三点共线）处测得楼顶A，教堂顶)151C 的仰角分别是15°和60°，在楼顶A 处测得塔顶C 的仰角为30°，则小明估算索菲亚教堂的高度为（）A ．20 mB ．30 mC ．D ．【答案】D【分析】根据题意结合正弦定理运算求解.【详解】()1sin15sin 4530sin 45cos30cos 45sin 302︒=︒-︒=︒︒-︒︒==由题意知：∠CAM ＝45°，∠AMC ＝105°，所以∠ACM ＝30°，在Rt △ABM中，AM ＝，sin ABAMB ∠=在△ACM 中，由正弦定理得＝，sin AMACM ∠sin CMCAM ∠所以CM ＝，·sin sin AM CAMACM ∠∠60=在Rt △DCM 中，CD ＝CM ·sin ∠AMD ＝60故选：D.16．在中，分别是角的对边，若，则的值为ABC ,,a b c ,,A B C 2222203a b c +=()2tan tan tan tan tan A B C A B ⋅+（ ）A ．2021B ．2022C ．2023D ．2024【答案】B【分析】根据，利用余弦定理得到，再利用三角恒等变换，结合2222203a b c +=22202cos 2ab C c =正弦定理求解.【详解】解：因为，2222203a b c +=由余弦定理得，222222cos 2c 3s 2o 0ab C ab C c a b c -+==-所以，22202cos 2ab C c =所以，()2sin sin 2tan tan cos cos sin sin cos sin cos tan tan tan cos cos cos ⋅⋅=++⎛⎫⋅ ⎪⎝⎭A BA B A B C A B B A C A B C A B ，222sin sin cos 2cos sin ⋅⋅⋅==A B C ab C C c 2220222022c c ==故选：B.三、解答题17．（1）化简：．()()()()π3πcos πcos cos 2πsin 22sin πcos παααααα⎛⎫⎛⎫++-+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭++-（2）已知的值．3π3ππ,π,cos 22αβαβ<<<<==αβ-【答案】（1）；（2）0π4-【分析】（1）由诱导公式化简即可；（2）由同角三角函数的基本关系得出，进而由得出的值．tan ,tan αβ()tan αβ-αβ-【详解】（1）原式.()()cos sin cos cos cos cos 0sin cos αααααααα---=+=-+=--（2）3π3ππ,π,cos 22αβαβ<<<<==sin αβ∴====1tan ,tan 32αβ⎛⎛∴==== ⎝⎝，33,22πππαβπ<<-<-<- ππ,22αβ∴-<-<()13tan tan 2tan 131tan tan 12αβαβαβ--∴-===-++即π4αβ-=-18．已知函数，.()f x x=()22sin 2x g x =(1)若是第一象限角，且，求的值；α()f α=()g α(2)求使成立的x 的取值集合.()()f xg x =【答案】(1)15(2)或.11{2π,x x k k Z=∈222π2π,}3x k k Z =+∈【分析】（1）先求出，结合所在象限求得，进而利用半角公式进行求解；（2）利3sin 5α=αcos α用半角公式，辅助角公式求得，进而求出使成立的x 的取值集合.π1sin 62x ⎛⎫+=⎪⎝⎭()()f x g x =【详解】（1），()f αα==3sin 5α=因为是第一象限角，α所以4cos 5α==；()212sin 1cos 25g ααα==-=（2），()()f xg x =，22sin 1cos 2xx x ==-，cos 1+=x x 利用辅助角公式得：，2πsin 16x ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭π1sin 62x ⎛⎫+=⎪⎝⎭所以，或，11ππ2π,66x k k Z +=+∈22π5π2π,66x k k Z +=+∈解得：，或，112π,x k k Z =∈222π2π,3x k k Z =+∈故使成立的x 的取值集合为或()()f xg x =11{2π,x x k k Z=∈222π2π,}3x k k Z =+∈19．已知在中，所对边分别为，且.ABC ,,A B C ,,a b c 3,2a b c ==(1)若，求的面积；23A π=ABC (2)若，求的周长.2sin sin 1B C -=ABC【答案】(2)或.3ABC C =3ABC C =+ 【分析】（1）利用余弦定理及三角形面积公式即得；（2）利用正弦定理及条件可求.cos B C ==【详解】（1）222222149cos 224b c a c c A c bc c +-+-=⇒-=⇒=119sin 2227ABC S bc A ==⨯⨯= （2）依题意，正弦定理：，sin 2sin sin sin b c B C B C =⇒=所以代入计算：，则.14sin sin 1sin 3C C C -=⇒=2sin3B =当为锐角时，B()21sin sin sin cosC cos sin 33A BC B B C =+=+==sin sin sin ca b c AB C b ⎧=⎪⎪==⇒⎨⎪=⎪⎩所以，3ABC C = 当为钝角时，B，()21sin sin sin cos cos sin 33A B CB C B C =+=+=sin sin sinc a b c AB C b ⎧=⎪⎪==⇒⎨⎪=⎪⎩所以，3ABC C =综上：或.3ABC C =3ABC C = 20．阅读问题：已知点，将绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至，求点的坐标.12A ⎛ ⎝OA 2πOB B 解：如图，点在角的终边上，且，则，在角的终边上，A α1OA =1cos 2α=sin α=B 2πα+且，于是点的坐标满足：1OB =B，即.cos sin 2B x παα⎛⎫=+=-= ⎪⎝⎭1sin cos 22B y παα⎛⎫=+== ⎪⎝⎭12B ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭（1）将绕原点顺时针旋转并延长至点使，求点坐标；OA 2πC 4OC OA =C （2）若将绕坐标原点旋转并延长至，使，求点的坐标（用含有、OA θON ()0ON r OA r =⋅>N r 的数学式子表示）；θ（3）定义，的中点为，将逆时针旋转角，并延长至，()11,P x y ()22,Q x y 1212,22x x y y ++⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭OA βOD 使，且的中点也在单位圆上，求的值.2OD OA =DA M cos β【答案】（1）；（2）；（3）.()2C -cos ,sin 33N r r ππθθ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭1cos 4β=-【分析】（1）直接利用任意角的三角函数定义求解；（2）取，再由任意角的三角函数定义求解；3πα=（3）利用平行四边形对角线的平方和等于四条边的平方和，求出，利用余弦定理，求的AD cos β值．【详解】（1）4cos()4sin 42C x παα=-===，即；14sin()4cos 4222B y παα=-=-=-⨯=-C 2)-（2），()cos cos 3N x r r παθθ⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭，sin()sin()3N y r r παθθ=+=+即；cos(),sin()33N r r ππθθ⎛⎫++ ⎪⎝⎭（3）由题意，，()()22222212OM AD +=+AD ∴=．4161cos 2214β+-∴==-⨯⨯【点睛】本题考查三角函数值的计算，考查余弦定理，考查学生的计算能力，利用平行四边形对角线的平方和等于四条边的平方和，求出是关键，属于中档题．AD 21．在非直角三角形ABC 中，角的对边分别为，,,A B C ,,a b c （1）若，求角B 的最大值；2a c b +=（2）若，()1a c mb m +=>（i ）证明：；1tantan 221A C m m -=+（可能运用的公式有）sin sin 2sincos22αβαβαβ+-+=（ii ）是否存在函数，使得对于一切满足条件的m ，代数式恒为定值？若()m ϕ()()cos cos cos cos A C m m A Cϕϕ++存在，请给出一个满足条件的，并证明之；若不存在，请给出一个理由.()m ϕ【答案】（1）；（2）（i ）证明见解析；（ii ）存在，，证明见解析.3π22()1mm m ϕ=-+【解析】(1)由余弦定理结合基本不等式可得，从而可求出角B 的最大值.1cos 2B ≥(2)(i)由正弦定理边角互换可得，结合和差化积公式和诱导公式可得sin sin sin A C m B +=，结合两叫和、差的余弦公式和同角三角函数的基本关系可得所证式子.coscos 22A C A Cm -+=(ii)结合已知条件和半角正切公式可得，通过整理变形242(1)(cos cos )4cos cos m m A C m A C -++=-可得，从而可求出.222cos cos 112cos cos 1mA C m mA C m +-+=--+()m ϕ【详解】解：（1）因为，所以由余弦定理可得：2a c b +=222cos 2a c b B ac +-=（当且仅当时取等号），2222231()()1242cos 2222a c a c a c ac ac B ac ac ac ++-+-==≥=a c =又，，所以角B 的最大值为.(0,)B π∈(0,3B π∴∈3π（2）（i ）由及正弦定理得，a c mb +=sin sin sin a b cA B C ==sin sin sin A C m B +=所以，因为，2sincos 2sin cos2222A C A C B Bm +-=222A C B π+=-所以，()2sin cos 2sin cos 2sin cos 22222222A C B A C B A C B m m πππ-+-+⎛⎫⎛⎫-==- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭有，由两角和、差的余弦公式可得coscos 22A C A Cm -+=整理得cos cos sin sin cos cos sin sin cos cos sin sin222222222222A C A C A C A C A C A C m m m ⎛⎫+=-=- ⎪⎝⎭，故．(1)sin sin (1)cos cos2222A C A Cm m +=-1tan tan 221A C m m -=+（ii ）由及半角正切公式可得1tantan 221A C m m -=+1cos sin tan 2sin 1cos ααααα-==+，21cos sin 1cos sin 1cos 1cos (tan tan )22sin 1cos sin 1cos 1cos 1cos A C A A C C A C A A C C A C ----=⋅⋅⋅=⋅++++，展开整理得，22(1)(1)m m -=+242(1)(cos cos )4cos cos m m A C m A C -++=-即，即，()()2421cos cos 4cos cos m m A C mA C-++=-222cos cos 21cos cos 1mA C mm A C m +-+=+即，与原三角式作比较可知存在且．222cos cos 112cos cos 1mA C m mA C m +-+=--+()m ϕ22()1m m m ϕ=-+【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理，考查了余弦定理，考查了同角三角函数的基本关系，考查了诱导公式，属于难题.本题的难点在于变形整理.。
2023年三晋联盟高三高三语文4月阶段性测试题(五)附答案解析
2023年三晋联盟高三高三语文4月阶段性测试题（五）2023.04一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，17分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：杨义被称为学界的“成吉思汗”或“徐霞客”，这是指他学术“远征”之不畏艰险且屡战屡胜，不断开拓学术上的新视境、新突破。
日前，杨义接受了《中华读书报》的专访。
读书报：您是从什么时候开始研究鲁迅的？杨义：鲁迅研究是我的学术研究的始发点。
从1972年在北京西南远郊的工厂库房里通读《鲁迅全集》十卷本至今，已经四十多年了。
1978年，我考入中国社会科学院研究生院，师从唐弢及王士菁先生，开始系统地研究鲁迅。
此后我发表的若干关于鲁迅的文字，是我学术生涯的起步。
读书报：鲁迅研究对您后来的学术有影响吗？杨义：在与鲁迅进行一番思想文化和审美精神的深度对话之后，再整装前行，对古今叙事、歌诗、民族史志、诸子学术进行长途奔袭，应该说，多少是储备了弥足珍贵的思想批判能力、审美体验能力和文化还原能力的。
当我在审美文化和思想文化上历尽艰辛的探源溯流三十余年之后，再反过头来清理鲁迅的经典智慧和文化血脉，于是在最近两年陆续推出了《鲁迅文化血脉还原》，《遥祭汉唐魂力——鲁迅与汉石画像》和三卷的《鲁迅作品精华（选评本）》，对我的学术生涯第一驿站的存货进行翻箱倒柜的大清理。
清理的结果，使我对鲁迅的思想和文学的存在，油然生出深深的敬佩和感激之情。
读懂鲁迅，可以使你眼光犀利。
读书报：今天如何推进鲁迅研究？杨义：鲁迅是一口以特别的材料制造的洪钟，小叩则小鸣，大叩则大鸣；鲁迅研究还存在着不少可以深入开垦的思想、知识、精神文化的园地和土层。
就看研究者举起敲钟的槌棒的材质和大小，就看研究者的知识储备和思想能力，是否与研究对象相称。
以往的鲁迅研究的显著特点，是侧重于思潮，尤其是水来思潮对鲁迅的影响。
然而以往即便谈论鲁迅与传统文化的关系，也只是演绎批判国粹之类的文字侧重于思潮对这种关系的冲击而产生的变异，就脱离了文化血脉的原本性了。
阶段性测试题一
阶段性测试题一(必修一第一单元评估测试) 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一、选择题(共25小题，每小题2分，共50分)1．(2012·潍坊)2009年卢龙县被中国民协命名为“中国孤竹文化之乡”，孤竹国出现于约公元前1600年左右，是商汤灭夏后所封的诸侯国。
西周时期，孤竹国归属周朝，与周天子的关系不包括()A．定期朝见周天子B．按期向周天子缴纳贡赋C．当地长官由周王任免，不得世袭D．周天子承认孤竹国君在国内的世袭统治权[答案] C[解析]分封制周天子分封诸侯，诸侯分封卿大夫，之后是士，实施层层分封，所以孤竹国内，当地长官由其诸侯任免，所以C项符合题意。
2．(2012·临沂)直到近代，临沂地区“千年之冢不动一坯，千丁之族未尝散处，千载之谱丝毫不紊”的观念依然深入人心。
其主要原因是A．儒家思想的熏陶B．封建政府的提倡C．小农经济的稳定D．宗法传统的影响[答案] D[解析]题干材料体现了聚族而居的特点，这体现了我国重视血缘亲情的宗法传统，故选D项。
本题C项极具干扰项，但到近代，小农经济在外来入侵的影响下已逐步走向解体，故C项说法本身错误，排除。
3．(2012·苏北四市)“(中国政制)达臻‘文明’一途，实因归功于西周的创制……，西周政治里显然有深厚的贵族色彩，而‘共主’名义下的地方分权体制……与秦以后一统的君主‘独制’格局泾渭分明。
”(王家范《中国历史通论》)下列对该材料的解读，不正确的是()A．“西周的创制”主要指实行分封制B．以血缘关系为纽带保持“贵族色彩”C．“共主”指西周实现了权力的高度集中D．“地方分权体制”指地方有较大自主权[答案] C[解析]分封制下，周王是名义上的“天下共主”，但是各诸侯有较大的权力，所以西周未实现权力的高度集中。
中国实现了权力的高度集中是在秦朝。
所以C项符合题意。
4．(2012·衡阳联考)秦统一后郡县制遂遍行全国，司马迁说秦始皇分天下为三十六郡，《晋书》以为统一后又有所增设，可达四十郡之多。
江苏省无锡市江阴市普通高中2022-2023学年高三上学期阶段测试(期末)历史试题含答案
江阴市普通高中2022年秋学期高三阶段测试卷历史2023．01注意事项：1．本试卷分为试题卷与答题卡两部分，满分100分，考试时间75分钟。
2．答题前请将学校、班级、姓名、考试号填涂在答题卡上。
3．请将所有答案填涂在答题卡上，考试完毕只需交答题卡。
一、选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
1．何尊（图1）是西周早期周成王时的青铜器，尊内底铸有铭文12行122字，记载了周成王营建新都洛邑的重要历史事件，其中写到“唯武王既克大邑商，则廷告于天，曰：余其宅兹中国，自兹乂（yi治理、安定）民”，这是“中国”一词最早的实物见证。
这里的“中国”是指当时图1何尊及“铭文”中的中国A．汉文化影响范围B．诸侯的封地C．统治的地域中心D．行政的中枢2．史学家张荫麟指出：“古人名与姓氏不并举，因为在比较原始的社会里，互相接触的人，以同姓氏为常，自无以姓氏冠其名上之必要。
”战国以后，这一习惯发生变化，在文献中姓与名并举的现象越来越频繁。
援引张荫麟的历史解释可推知，战国后A．各族杂处的情况日益增多B．华夏认同观念开始出现C．戎狄蛮夷逐渐融入华夏族D．分封宗法制度日趋瓦解3．北魏迁都后，洛阳的御道两边有接待外族使节的四夷馆，路的东边有四馆，名为金陵、燕然、扶桑、崦嵫，路的西边有四里，名为归正、归德、慕化、慕义。
北魏史官撰史时凡涉西晋，皆书庙号，凡书东晋，皆称“僭晋”。
这可用于说明，北魏A．为统一全国奠定了基础B．延续了华夏正统思想观念C．重视对外经济文化交流D．经济文化发展领先于南方4．时移世易，花卉买卖在唐宋间发生了鲜明转变。
与唐代相比较，宋代的变化有白居易《买花》有一田舍翁，偶来买花处。
低头独长叹，此叹无人喻。
（唐）一丛深色花，十户中人赋。
刘言史《买花谣》豪少居连鳷鹊东，千金使买一株红。
（唐）院多花少栽未得，零落绿娥纤指中。
咸阳亲戚长安里，无限将金买花子。
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阶段测试题一、单项选择题（本类题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
每小题备选答
案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案）
1.2017年5月20日，甲公司以银行存款300万元（其中包含乙公司已宣告但尚未发放的现金股利5万元）从二级市场购入乙公司100万股普通股股票，另支付相关交易费用2万元，甲公司将其划分为交易性金融资产。
2017年12月31日，该股票投资的公允价值为320万元。
假定不考虑其他因素，该股票投资对甲公司2017年度营业利润的影响金额为（）万元。
A.23
B.25
C.18
D.20
2.2017年1月1日甲公司从二级市场上购入A公司于当日发行的分期付息、到期还本的债券作为可供出售金融资产核算，该债券期限为3年，票面年利率为5%，实际年利率为4%，每年1月5日支付上年度的利息，到期日为2019年12月31日。
甲公司购入债券的面值为1000万元，实际支付价款1021.26万元，另支付相关交易费用6.5万元。
假定按年计提利息。
2017年12月31日，该债券的公允价值为1080万元。
不考虑其他因素的影响，则甲公司2017年12月31日应确认的其他综合收益的金额为（）万元。
A.0
B.61.13
C.52.24
D.20
3.2017年1月1日，甲公司与乙公司签订一项商品购销合同，乙公司向甲公司销售一台大型机器设备，设备于当日发出。
合同约定，甲公司采用分期付款方式购买该设备。
该设备价款共计900万元，分6期平均支付，首期款项150万元于2017年1月1日支付，其余款项在2017年年末至2021年年末的5年期间平均支付，每年的付款日期为当年12月31日。
甲公司按照合同约定如期支付了款项。
假定实际年利率为10%，（P/A，10%，5）=3.7908，不考虑增值税等因素的影响。
2017年12月31日资产负债表中“长期应付款”项目列报的金额为（）万元。
A. 600
B. 475.48
C. 373.03
D. 750
4.甲公司2017年1月10日采用融资租赁方式从乙公司租入一台大型设备。
租赁合同规定：（1）该设备租赁期为6年，每年支付租金8万元；（2）或有租金为4万元；（3）履约成本为5万元；（4）承租人提供的租赁资产担保余值为7万元。
不考虑其他因素，2017年1月10日，甲公司对该租入大型设备确认的最低租赁付款额为（）万元。
A. 51
B. 55
C. 58
D. 67
5.2016年1月1日，甲公司从银行取得3年期专门借款200万元准备建造一栋厂房。
甲公司采用出包方式建造厂房，2016年3月1日甲公司支付工程备料款100万元，4月1日厂房正式开始动工建造，8月1日因与施工方发生质量纠纷导致施工中断，2017年1月1日恢复
1。