主谓一致
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
一样情形下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。
“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、专门名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。
二、名词作主语01某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，假如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，假如就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。
这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，g overnment，group，party，public，team等。
名词population一词的使用情形类似。
“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
02某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。
03单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应依照意义决定单、复数。
如：A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。
Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。
04名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情形一样只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一样用单数。
如：The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。
My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。
常见的省略名词有the baker’s，the barber’s，the carpenter’s，the Zhang’s等。
主谓一致和就近就远原则
主谓一致和就近就远原则主谓一致和就近原则是语法中的重要概念，用于确定主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系。
主谓一致指的是主语和谓语动词在人称、数和时态上保持一致；就近原则指的是谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语。
首先，主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称、数和时态上保持一致。
在英语中，一般来说，第三人称单数主语需要用动词的第三人称单数形式，而其他人称和数则使用动词的一般形式。
例如，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s或es，如he goes，she thinks。
而当主语是第一人称单数或复数，第二人称单数或复数时，谓语动词则保持一般形式，如I go，we think，you study。
其次，就近原则指的是谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语。
在一个句子中，如果存在多个主语，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据最近的主语决定。
例如，句子“Tom and his friends are going to the party”中，谓语动词are是根据最近的主语Tom决定的，而不是前面的friends。
而在句子“His friends and Tom is going to the party”中，谓语动词is则是根据最近的主语Tom决定的，而不是前面的friends。
主谓一致和就近原则在句子中起到了重要作用，确保了语法的正确性和语言的连贯性。
下面将分别对主谓一致和就近原则进行具体说明。
主谓一致的几个注意事项：1.主谓一致在人称上的一致性，即主语和谓语动词要在人称上保持一致。
例如，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式；当主语是第一人称单数或复数时，谓语动词要用一般形式；当主语是第二人称单数或复数时，谓语动词要用一般形式。
例如：- She goes to school every day.（第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式）- They go to school every day.（第三人称复数，谓语动词用一般形式）- I go to school every day.（第一人称单数，谓语动词用一般形式）- We go to school every day.（第一人称复数，谓语动词用一般形式）- You go to school every day.（第二人称单数或复数，谓语动词用一般形式）2.主谓一致在数上的一致性，即主语和谓语动词要在数上保持一致。
主谓一致的句子举例
主谓一致的句子举例
1. 我和你一起去逛街，可不是你一个人说了算的呀！就像划船需要两个人齐心协力，主谓可不能不一致呀！比如“我和你去购物”，这多和谐呀！
2. 大家一起做游戏的时候，每个人都要遵守规则哦，这跟主谓一致是一个道理呀！“大家玩得很开心”，这里的“大家”和“玩”就是一致的呀，多棒！
3. 他们在公园里尽情玩耍，难道不是所有人都很快乐吗？正如句子“他们在欢笑”，多自然的主谓一致呀！
4. 你看那鸟儿飞翔在天空，“鸟儿飞”，主谓多么一致呀，就像鱼儿在水中畅游一样顺畅！
5. 我们举办派对，所有人都嗨起来了呀！就像正确的句子“我们欢乐”，这是多么理所当然呀！
6. 他在舞台上表演，光芒四射呀，这和“他闪耀”这样主谓一致的表达一样精彩呢！
7. 她在厨房里忙碌地做饭，不正是“她劳作”这样一致的场景嘛，多生活呀！
8. 老师们辛勤地教书育人，就如同“老师们耕耘”这般和谐一致呀！
结论：主谓一致真的很重要呀，能让我们的表达更加清晰明了、自然流畅呀！。
主谓一致
主谓一致Agreement Between Subject and PredicateZhao Defu主谓一致是指英语句子中主语和谓语在人称和数方面的一致，主要有三个原则，即：语法一致的原则、意义一致的原则、邻近一致的原则。
这里仅对一些常见、重要的一致关系作一归纳分析。
一．复数主语用单数动词的情况(1)表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织等专有名词作主语，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. The United States lies in North America.The Arabian Nights is an interesting story-book.The New York Times is read all over the United States.(2)以-ics结尾表示学科名称的名词作主语，谓语常用单数。
这类名词有physics, politics, mathematics, economics等。
以-s结尾的名词news, plastics, works, means等同属此类。
e.g. Politics is now taught in all schools.Plastics is a kind of matter.Every means has been tried.(3)表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语用单数。
e.g. Two hours is not enough for this work.Eighty miles is quite a long distance.Five pounds is quite enough .Thirty-eight years is not a long time .(4)引号中的词若作为整体看待，作主语时，谓语用单数。
e.g. “Bikes” is the plural of “bike”. “Bikes”是bike的复数形式。
初中英语语法：主谓一致
初中英语语法（主谓一致）主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
主谓一致要遵循三条原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
一、复习要点：1．语法一致的原则：语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
⑴单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
主语为复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。
⑵由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如：New York and Boston are American cities. 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。
Both she and her sister like drawing pictures. 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画⑶由―a… and a half, more than one ＋名词‖―one and a half + 名词‖, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他，已经过去一个半月了。
主谓一致三个原则
主谓一致三个原则主谓一致是英文语法中的一个基本原则，用来表达主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致。
在句子中，主语和谓语通常要保持一致，即如果主语是单数，则谓语也必须是单数，如果主语是复数，则谓语也必须是复数。
主谓一致原则既简洁明了，也能使语言更加准确和易于理解。
下面将介绍三个主谓一致的原则。
第一个主谓一致的原则是，当主语是由and连接的两个或更多的部分时，谓语动词应该是复数形式。
例如："John and Mary are going to the party." （约翰和玛丽要去参加派对。
）这里，主语是"John and Mary"，两个人一起去派对，所以谓语动词"are"是复数形式。
然而，当and连接的两个或更多的部分指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词应该是单数形式。
例如："Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast." （面包和黄油是我最喜欢的早餐。
）这里，主语是"bread and butter"，指的是一种食物，所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。
第二个主谓一致的原则是，当主语是由or或nor连接的两个或更多的部分时，谓语动词的形式取决于离谓语动词更近的部分。
例如："Neither John nor Mary is going to the party." （既不约翰也不玛丽要去参加派对。
）这里，离谓语动词"going"更近的部分是"Mary"，所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。
然而，如果离谓语动词更近的部分是复数形式，则谓语动词应该是复数形式。
例如："Neither the boys nor the girl were interested in the game." （既不男孩也不女孩对这个游戏感兴趣。
主谓一致用法归纳
主谓一致用法归纳在英语中，句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须做到一致。
下面是主谓一致的一些主要规则：1、单词本身以-s结尾的某些名词作主语时，主谓一致的关系如下：1）学科名称：以-s结尾的科学名词如physics ,mathematics (maths) ,politics, ecn\onomics（经济学）等作主语时，如果看作一门学科，谓语动词用单数，如果不是指一门学科，而是指其它含义，谓语动词可用复数。
如：Politics is taught in our school.Economics is an important subject. 经济学是一门重要的学科。
但在以下句子中应使用得数谓语。
如：His mathematics are weak..他的数学能力弱。
2）某些专有名词：以- s结尾的某些专有名词如the United States ,the United Nations 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The United states is in North America.3）以-s结尾的词如news, means , works 等词作主语时，谓语用单数，但如果means,works 指复数意义时，谓语用复数。
如：A chemical works is being built now.Two chemical works have been built in my hometown.4) 由成双，成双部分构成的器具及衣物等作主语时，谓语用复数。
若前边有a pair of …或a suit of …等词来修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The clothes were made by herself.常见这样的词有：trousers, glasses, scissors （剪刀），tongs（钳子）等。
2、用and连接的两个名词作主语：1）用and 并列两个单数名词，构成复数主语时，谓语动词用复数。
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称（如第一人称、第二人称、
第三人称）、数（单数、复数）和形式（肯定句、否定句）上保持一致。
以下是主谓一致的三个原则：
原则一：一致性原则
根据一致性原则，当主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语
是复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
例句：
- The cat chases mice every day.（猫每天都追逐老鼠。
）
- The cats chase mice every day.（猫们每天都追逐老鼠。
）
原则二：就近一致原则
根据就近一致原则，当主语有两个或更多个，并且用连词连接起来时，谓语动词的数应与最接近谓语动词的主语保持一致。
例句：
- Jack and Jill go to school together.（杰克和吉尔一起上学。
）- Jack or his friends go to the party.（杰克或者他的朋友们去
参加派对。
）
原则三：无谓语从句的一致原则
当谓语动词是主句的一部分时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致，而不是与从句中的主语保持一致。
例句：
- The fact that he is late does not surprise me.（他迟到这个事实并不让我惊讶。
）
以上就是主谓一致的三个原则。
遵循这些原则可以使句子更准确、易于理解，并且使语法结构更正确。
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念，合理使用可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思。
主谓一致就近原则
主谓一致就近原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。
就近
原则是指当主语由多个名词或代词构成时，谓语动词的形式与离其最近的
名词或代词保持一致。
主谓一致使得句子更加流畅和易于理解，同时也能避免产生语法错误。
就近原则则是在主语由多个名词或代词组成时，选择离谓语动词最近的名
词或代词来决定谓语动词的形式。
下面是一些主谓一致和就近原则的例子：1.单个主语的情况：
- The cat is sleeping.（猫在睡觉）
- He is playing basketball.（他在打篮球）
2.多个主语的情况：
- The cat and the dog are playing.（猫和狗在玩耍）
- She and her brother are studying.（她和她哥在学习）
3.就近原则的应用：
- Neither the students nor the teacher is happy.（学生和老师
都不开心）
- Either the cat or the dogs are responsible for the mess.
（是猫还是狗造成了这一困境）
总结起来，主谓一致和就近原则对于正确使用英语语法至关重要。
在
撰写文章或交流时，我们应该注意主语和谓语之间的一致性，并根据就近
原则选择正确的动词形式。
这样能够使我们的语言更加准确和流利。
主谓一致详解
主谓一致详解基础知识主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系..对大多数人来说;往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难..一般情况下;主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则grammatical concord意义一致原则notional concord就近原则principle of proximity一语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致;就是语法一致..也就是说;如果名词中心词是单数;动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数;动词用复数形式..例如：This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.二意义一致原则有时;主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义;而不是语法上的单、复数形式;这样的一致关系就是意义一致..例如：Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.三就近原则有时;谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语..例如：Either my grandsons or their father is coming.No one except his daughters agree with him.Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.Neither Richard nor I am going.二、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题有些集合名词;ommittee;council;crew;crowd;family;gang;government;group;mob;staff;team; union等;在意义上是复数;但在语法形式上是单数;这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则..例如：The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.一通常作复数的集体名词包括police;people; cattle; militia; vermin等;这些集体名词通常用作复数..例如：The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.二通常作不可数名词的集体名词通常作不可数名词的集体名词;包括poultry;foliage;machinery; equipment;furniture; merchandise等;这类名词后的动词用单数形式..例如：Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.三可作单数也可作复数的集体名词可作单数也可作复数的集体名词;包括audience; committee; crew; family; government;jury 等..例如：The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.三、a committee; etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a the board of +复数名词构成;随后的动词通常用单数..例如：A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.A panel of experts has considered the situation.The board of managers is responsible for the firm.四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es;但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词..它们用法多样;造成了实际使用上的困难;以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题..一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如：arthritis;bronchitis;diabetes;mumps;phlebitis;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.Measles usually occurs in children.Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Darts is basically a easy game.Marbles is not confined to children.Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.Draughts is not very difficult to learn.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如：Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如：The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如：The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics;mathematics;mechanics; optics; acoustics; politics statistics; economics; linguistics; athletics等; 谓语动词通常用作单数..例如：Physics is a fundamental subject in science.The third world economics is promising.Acoustics studies the science of sound.Mathematics is an interesting subject.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如：Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.The economics of the project are still at issue.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses; pincers;pliers;scissors; shorts;suspenders;trousers等;这类名词做主语;如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词;谓语动词通常用复数..例如：Mary's glasses are new.John's trousers are black.如果带有单位词; 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式..例如：One pair of pincers isn't enough.Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.B.其他以-s结尾的名词英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词;如archives;arms;clothes; contents; eaves; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains stairs; suburbs; thanks;wages这类名词作主语时;谓语动词通常用复数..例如：The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.The contents of the book are most amusing.High wages often result in high prices.My thanks are sincere.五、如果句子的主语是并列结构;其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则：一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语;可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式.. 例如：Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.Fish and chips are getting very expensive.A truck and a car were in the ditch.Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each;every;或者many a 等限定词时;谓语动词通常用单数..例如：Each man and each woman there is asked to help.Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.Every change of season; every change of weather; indeed every hour of the day; produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由or;nor;either...or; neither...nor;not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语;随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理..例如：Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.Not only one; but all of us are hoping to be there.Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题当主语后面跟有由as much as; rather than ; more than; no less than 等引导的从属结构;或跟有由as well as; in addition to ;with; along with; together with; except等引导的词组时; 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式..例如：The vessel; with its entire crew and cargo was lost.The ocean; as well as the gulf and the bay; provides good fishing.John; rather than his roommates; is to blame.Hugh;as well as his two sisters; is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband;more than anyone else in the family; is longing to go there again.Billy; together with his sisters; was wounded in the accident.No one except two girls was late for school.六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题数量概念分两类：一类是确定数量;如two years; five seconds;three kilos;等;另一类是非确定数量;如all of...; some of...; none of.....如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语;会产生主谓一致问题..一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时;如果数量概念被看做一个整体;动词用单数;如果被看做组成该数量的个体;动词用复数..例如：The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask."Two months is too short a time;" General manager warned; "we must hurry up."Three weeks is needed to complete the task.There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.A total of 50;000 new bicycles was registered in the year.如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成;其动词形式取决于of词组中名词的类别..例如：Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.两数相减或相除;谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘;谓语动词可用单数;也可用复数..例如：Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.Forty-two divided by six is seven.Six and eight makes/make fourteen.Six times eight is/are forty-eight.如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成;在正式语体中;动词用单数..例如：One in ten students has passed the examination.One out of twelve bottles was left intact.二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题如果主语由"a portion of; a series of; a pile of; a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of; this kind/sort/type of+名词”构成;谓语动词通常用单数..例如：A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.A portion of reports is deceiving.This kind of cars is rather expensive.This type of women is dangerous.That type of machines is up-to-date.如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成;随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则;用单数..例如：Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.Many a man has his own responsibility.More than one student has failed the exam.More than one ship was lost this year.如果主语是all of; some of;none of; half of; most of;lots of;loads of ;plenty of;等表示非确定数量的名词词组;谓语动词的单、复数形式根据of词组中名词类别而定..例如：Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.All of the cargo was lost.Some of the books were badly torn.None of my friends ever come to see me.Half of the building was destroied during the war.Half of the students are eager to leave now.Lots of people are waiting outside.Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.。
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海门市证大中学高一英语备课资料 M3U3 Grammar 主备：龚斌 审核：杜一飞 第 1 页 共 6 页 M3U3 Back to the past Grammar and usage 第一部分：重点讲解 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：（填be动词） His father working on the farm. / To study English well not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. /The children in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun bad for your eyes. 注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或
what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：(填be动词) What I bought three English books. / What I say and do helpful to you. 2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：(填be动词)：Lucy and Lily twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he Young Pioneers. 注意：① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如：The writer and artist . 这个作家兼艺术家已经来了 ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如： Every student and every teacher in the room. (填be动词) No boy and no girl it.没有人喜欢它。 3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如： Mr Green, together with his wife and children, to China.格林先生和妻儿已经来到中。 Nobody but Jim and Mike on the playground.(填系动词) She, like you and Tom, very tall.（填系动词） 4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us a new book. 我们每个人都有一本新书。 Everything around us good. (填be动词) 注意：① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓
语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America. 5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：He is one of my friends who working hard. (填be动词) He is the only one of my friends who working hard. (填be动词)
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：海门市证大中学高一英语备课资料 M3U3 Grammar 主备：龚斌 审核：杜一飞 第 2 页 共 6 页 (填be动词)Class Four on the third floor. /Class Four unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police looking for the
lost child.(填be动词) 7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of, + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，all of, most of, some of, part of, half of,+名词，谓语动词要与of后面的名词一致。其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如： There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture wonderful. (填be动词)/ 50% of the students in our class girls. (填be动词) Most of the surface of the earth covered by water.地球表面大部分被水覆盖。(填be动词) Half of the students from the south.一半的学生来自南方。(填be动词) 注意： a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“…的数
量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。 8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall many pictures. / Such the result. / Such the facts. (填be动词) 9、many a 或more than one 意思上是复数，但是他们所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数。如：More than one person killed in the accident.不止一个人在事故中丧生。 10、a large quantity of +可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 large quantities of +可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。 Large quantities of water needed.需要大量的水。(填be动词) （二）逻辑意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。 1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：(填be动词)Which your bag? / Which your bags? / All going well. All gone to Beijing.所有人都去了北京。(have) 2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes enough for the work. (填be动词) 3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： “The Arabian Nights” an interesting story-book. (填be动词) 4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。如：One and a half apples is (are) left on the table. 5、算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Twelve plus eight twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight seven. (填be动词) 6、一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：(填be动词) The paper works built in 1990. I think physics not easy to study. 7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed his. (填be动词) 8、“定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
（三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。