英语三大从句综合知识点汇总
高中重点语法-----定语从句
【考点】
对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：
1．定语从句的功用和结构；
2．关系代词和关系副词的功用；
3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法；
【精讲】
一. 定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。
1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须
和先行词一致。例如：I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
2. 作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
3. 作定语:关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
4. 作状语I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。
例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。
例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例如：I’ve read th e newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。
例如：He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。
例如：This is the house where we lived last year.
四. 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放
于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room
which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不
定代词时。例如： All that he said is true.
(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second
(person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。例如：This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and
the things he remembered.
2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：
(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
高中重点语法之---状语从句
状语从句主要有：(九种)
时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、（结果、方式、比较、）
一、时间状语从句
1.常见关联词
1）. 基本类
包括before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。如：
Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。
You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed.
睡觉前一定要关灯。
Don’t promise him anything till we’ve had time to think about i t.
在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么。
2）. 句型类
包括no sooner…than, hardly…when；scarcely…when等。如：
I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。
Hardly were the words uttered when he began to regret them. 话刚说出口他就开始后悔了。
2.考点
1）. when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。a)、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
① Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one alre ady？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）
对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。
③Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。
④ The students took notes as they listened．（listen为延续性动词）
学生们边听课边做笔记。
2)、till、until、not.....until的用法
The boy didn’t smile until he saw his mother
Not until he saw his mother did the little boy smile.
It was not until he saw his mother that the little boy smiled.
Until he saw his mother, the little boy didn’t smile.
3)、表示“一.....就”的连词
1、once, as soon as; hardly/scarcely.....when; no sooner.....than; the minute; the moment; the instant; immediately; directly; instantly都表示“一.....就”
4）It is/has been +时间段+since从句（一般过去时）
5）while ：1当……时候；2，然而；3，尽管，虽然
单选练习：
1.“you’re there,can you get me some stamps?”
A.as
B.while
C.because
D.if
2. It's almost three years____I last saw her.
A. since
B.when
C.that
D. after
二、地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever，anywhere, everywhere引导,地点状语从句常置于主句之后。至于句首，常用逗号隔开，表示强调作用。
Where I live，there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am，I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
三、原因状语从句
引导词：because, since, as和for
1．because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题；他可以与强调词only 和just连用；他可用在It is ...that...强调句中
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
2．当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。Since有既然的含义，as引导的原因状语从句，若强调时还可以倒装。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
Hard as he studied, he passed the test with ease.
四、条件状语从句
连接词主要：if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that、suppose(that)/ supposing (that), providing/provided(that), in case等。.
1.条件状语从句中时态的用法
1)一般现在时表将来
Unless I am free, I won’t take you to the park.
2)if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟
语气中阐述。
If I were you, I would go with him.
3)主句和条件从句的时态关系
I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A.offend
B.had offended
C.should have offended
D.might have offended
2.unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless
B. until
C. if
D. or
五，目的状语从句
表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，从句中常有may/might;shall/should;will/would;can/could 等例如：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
1、从句一般位于主句后
2、lest, for fear that, in case引导的目的状语从句，有时含有否定意思，意为以免，以防，生怕
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.
六、让步状语从句
让步状语从句的引导词though, although，even though, even if
1.though和although
注意：当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet/still可连用
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）
典型例题
_________she is young, she knows quite a lot.
A. When
B.As
C. While
D. Unless
2．as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：
a.倒装时，句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.倒装时，句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems…
虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
3.ever if, even though. 即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4.whether…or.... 不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5."no matter +疑问词" 或"疑问词+后缀ever"
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替换：no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
6）while引导的状语从句,意为“尽管”
While I agree with your point of view, I can not accept it.
七、结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so… that 或such…that引导，从句中一般没有情态动词，且从句都要放在主句后，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。
1．比较：so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
2.结果状语从句可倒装
So fast dose light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
3.so that引导的结果状语从句和目的状语从句的区别
He turned the radio up,so (that) everyone heared the news
He turned the radio up,so that everyone might hear the news
八、方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though，the way 等引导。
1. as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：
Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2.the way 在考试中的运用。
Eg:I don't like ______ you speak to her.
A. the way
B. the way in that
C. the way which
D. the way of which
九、比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as或than引起，。这类从句和大多数状语从句不同，它们不修饰动词，而是修饰as，so，less，more等副词，或其他比较级的词，
She is as tall as I（or me）．
He works as hard as his brother（does）．
as...as...
He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.
他醒来得和入睡一样突然。(第一个as是副词)
I have never seen so much rain as fell that February.
我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。(否定结构常用so…as, 也可用as... as)
than
Man developed earlier than people think.
人类的出现比人们所想的要早。
He moves more slowly than his sister does.
他行动起来比他妹妹慢。
高中重点语法---名词性从句
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能
相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词： that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
不可省略的连词：
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she had won the first place made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
二、名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
2）that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that…有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that…人们相信……
It is known to all that…从所周知……
It has been decided that…已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that………是常识
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that…事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
三、名词性wh-从句
1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：
主语： How the book will sell depends on its author.
直接宾语：In one's own home one can do what one likes.
间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.
表语： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 同位语：I have no idea when he will return.
We have no idea where he has gone.
形容词宾语：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.
介词宾语：That depends on where we shall go.
2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，
例如：It is not yet decided who will do that job.
It remains unknown when they are going to get married.
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
【英语】状语从句知识点总结和题型总结(word)1
【英语】状语从句知识点总结和题型总结（word）1 一、初中英语状语从句 1．He doesn't tell me when he_______ . I'll telephone you as soon as he______. A．will come;comes B．will come; will come C．comes; will come D．comes; comes 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他没告诉我什么时间回来。他一回来我就告诉你。宾语从句中表示将来，用将来时，而状语从句中多用一般现在时表示将来时；故选A。 考点：考查时态的用法。 2．Tony has had to cook by himself ________ his mother went on business to Guangzhou. A．since B．after C．during D．when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：自从妈妈去广州出差以来，托尼不得不自己做饭。A. since从……以来；B. after在……之后；C. during 在……期间；D. when当……时候。since后跟时间状语从句时，表示的是到目前为止的时间段，从句时态为一般过去时，而主句的时态为现在完成时，故正确答案为A。 3．—I hear Music and Art will enter the Entrance Examination for the high school. —Yes. but don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention _____ to them. A．will pay B．will be paid C．is paid D．pays 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我听说音乐和艺术将进入高中入学考试。——是的。但别担心。如果对他们给予更多的关注，就不会有困难。考查被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，需用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态；从句主语more attention是单数第三人称，又是动词pay的受动者，需用被动语态，即is+paid结构；根据句意语境，可知选C。 4．—Tom wants to know if you ___ a picnic next Sunday. —Yes. But if it ___， we'll visit the museum instead. A．will have; will rain B．have; rains C．have; will rain D．will have; rains
英语三大从句精编版
复合句 【语法要点】 复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。 （一）名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。其关联词有连接词that、if、whether；疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。 1.名词性从句句法结构： 从 属 连 词that whether 主 语 从 句 That he will come is certain.（that不可省） Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （不能用if） 宾 语 从 句 I think（that）he will be all right in a few days. I went in and asked if（=whether）they had a cheap suit. I wonder whether（不能用if）it is true or not. 表 语 从 句 The fact is（that）I have never been there. The question is whether（不能用if）it is worth doing. 同 位 语 从 句 The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 连接代词 that who whom whose which 主 语 从 句 Who will help him is not known. What he said is very important. Which side will win is not clear. 宾 语 从 句 （1）作及物动词的宾语。例如： I really don’t know what he is doing. Do you know who/whom they are waiting for? He asked whose dictionary it was. He can’t tell which method they will use for the experiment. （2）作介词的宾语。例如： Pay attention to what the teacher said. I wondered to whom he had given the letter. 表 语 从 句 That is what he is worried about. The question is who will come here. The question is which team will win the match.
精选高中英语三大从句总结+练习
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if
名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句： 条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句： 方式状语从句： 2.状语从句解题方法 The evening, _________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.（2010福建）We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have _____we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 3.（2008湖南）__________ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As 4.（2008重庆）They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for tow or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
【英语】名词性从句知识点总结和题型总结
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中考英语三大从句练习与答案解析
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初中英语从句汇总
在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾 语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、 副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让 步、地点、方式等）。 以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 格 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that —
（一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如： Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如： The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who）
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指
初中英语三大从句总结
一. 宾语从句object clause： 一. 定义definition： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二. 连接词connections： that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether的情况： 1. 与or not连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2. 与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3. 连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三. 时态tenses: 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。 1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 二. 定语从句Attributive clause： 1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句 2.先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 3. 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后 4.关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词 5.翻译方法“…. 的” Eg. 1. Yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand. 2. The students who are from Maple Leaf School like learning English. Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1.This is the teacher whom\who we like best. 2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking. Whose : 指人或物，作定语，表示“…的” eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.
英语三大从句
英语三大从句 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which 。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： （一）关系代词who, whom 和whose 的用法 who 代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。 An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 whom 代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。 Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图 书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ whose 一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。 The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose 指代先行词hotel ，正式用法应该用of which 。whose window=the window of which ，意思是：the window of the hotel 。） （二）关系代词which 的用法 which 代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which 可以换成that ） （三）关系代词that 的用法that 既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。：Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that 可以换成who ） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that 可以换成 which ） Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？（that 可以换成which ，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略） 二、关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why ，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。 （一）关系副词when 的用法 关系副词when 代替的先行词表示的是时间，when 在定语从句作时间状语。 In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when 先行词是months ） （二）关系副词where 的用法关系副词where 代替的先行词表示的是地点，where 在定语从句作地点状语。
英语名词性从句知识归纳
名词性从句知识归纳 名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句，主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句，而是复合句中的主干。 e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. （主语从句） I know that he is writing his composition in his room. （宾语从句） The question is how we can finish it on time. （表语从句） The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. （同位语从句） 一、宾语从句---及物动词、介词、部分形容词（certain, sure, glad, afraid, frightened, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, satisfied等）后 e.g. I believe (that) he is honest. (that不充当从句内的任何成分，一般情况可省略) I’m glad that you are satisfied with your job. (that不充当从句内的任何成分) He doesn’t care if/whether it isn’t a fine day. (if/whether不充当从句内的任何成分) Please tell me what you want. (what充当从句内的宾语) She always thinks of how she can work well. (how充当从句内的状语) I don’t believe whatever he said.(whatever充当从句内的宾语，意为“任何事”) I’ll take whoever wants to go. (whoever从当从句内的主语，意为“任何人”)【宾语从句要点拓展】1. that引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，若由and或or连接两个宾语从句时，第一个从句中的that可以省略，而第二个分句前的that不可省略。 e.g. He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. whether和if引导宾语从句一般可以互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether
初中英语定语从句的用法归纳
初中英语定语从句用法归纳 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)