The Law System of USA

Supreme Court of the United States （最高法院）
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary(司法制度). It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" (majority vote) of the Senate. Once appointed, Justices effectively have life tenure ['tenjuə] , serving "during good behavior", which terminates only upon death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court Building. The Supreme Court is primarily an Appellate Court, but it has original jurisdiction over a small range of cases. The Supreme Court is sometimes informally referred to as the High Court, or by the acronym ['ækrəunim] SCOTUS.
The Law System of USA
A brief introduction of American government Sources of law Classification of law Judicial Procedures The court system in US
The Form of Government
The federal court trial procedure
申诉The plaintiff lodges a appeal →申前会 议pre-trial meeting→陪审团审判Jury trial→选取陪审团selecting the jury→首轮 陈词First round allegation →提出证据 produce evidence (直接询问direct examination交叉询问cross-examination 证据展示) →结束陈词end allegation →裁 决verdict （陪审团回到陪审团房间讨论证 据并裁决）
Congress
The Senate
The house of Representative
president
Secretaries (the department heads)
Other departments agencies members
The sources of law
Constitutional Law is based on a formal document that defines broad powers. Federal constitutional law originates from the US constitution. State constitutional law originates from the individual state constitutions. Statutes and Ordinances are legislation passed on the federal, state, or local levels Common Law is based on the concept of precedence—on how the courts have interpreted the law. It applies mostly at the state level.
Judicial Procedures
All courts follow a strict set of procedural requirements. In 1938 the Supreme Court promulgated（发布） the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which are periodically updated and renewed by the U.S. Judicial Conference. They are uniform in all federal jurisdictions行政辖区, although each federal court may also adopt additional rules. Every state court has its own set of rules, which are typically not as detailed or strict as the federal rules. In courts of original jurisdiction初审法院, judges are usually provided with juries to decide all questions of facts. The right to a jury is generally guaranteed bfederal cases, and state constitutions typically contain similar provisions which apply in state cases.
Administrative Law—federal, state, and local level. Administrative Law is made by Administrative agencies that define the intent of the legislative body that passed the law. All in all, the sources of law both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Vertical dimensions include federal authority, state authority, and concurrent authority(同等权力), Federalism refers to this form of government, in which there is national and local authority .Federal authority covers laws related to patents, pensions and profit sharing, and labor issues. State authority covers business association, contracts, and trade secrets. Concurrent authority covers security law, tax law, and employment law. The horizontal dimension is related to the separation of power between the executive branch, which creates administrative law, the legislative branch, which creates statutes, and the judicial branch, which creates common law. The judicial system in the US has s pyramid structure consisting of fewer higher level courts and more lower level courts:
Government
The Legislature
The Executive
The Judiciary
Congress is the legislature branch ,which is the law-making and the supreme legislature body of the nation, consisting of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives The executive branch consists of 14 departments and many independent agencies. The department heads, called secretaries, form the Cabinet, which is the major source of advice and assistance to the President, who is chief of the executive branch. The judiciary consists a series of courts, the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals, and the district courts
The Court System in the U.S.
Supreme Court