高中英语完成句子的解题技巧

完成句子考纲解读及应试指导

考纲解读

湖北高考英语科《考试说明》指出,完成句子这一题型测试的重点是英语语言知识的综合运用,注重考查学生运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力;2009年湖北高考英语科《补充说明》又指出,该部分“测试考生准确使用英语语法、词汇进行书面表达的能力”;在试题的排列形式上,完成句子是书面表达部分的第一节,也即书面表达的前奏曲。

可见,完成句子像书面表达一样是在考查学生运用英语语言表达的能力。该题型既考查英语语法知识,又兼顾词类的搭配和句型的变化,既考查了学生的综合语言运用能力,又能在科学的评分标准框架下区分不同层次的学生,对于引导学生更加注重对英语基础知识的掌握有很好的导向作用。

命题特点

1.命题策略

在具体的语景中,考查英语语言知识的综合运用,强调语言知识和语法知识整合,凸显“语言+语法+语境”三位一体的命题理念。加强和升华了语法知识在具体语境中的运用,更好地体现了语言的交际性原则。并以此为基点,考查考生的语言输出能力,即综合运用语言语法知识的能力。

2.命题范围

根据近四年的高考试题来看,试题以考查语法为主,考点迁移转换快、辐射面广,一年一个侧重点,内容涉及到高中阶段《考纲》要求掌握的所有重点语法项目。

2008年至2011年湖北高考英语完成句子题考查要点

对比分析表

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200 8形

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2009介词

短语非谓

语动

词+

动词

短语

态+

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状语

从句

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非谓

语动

虚拟

语气

定语

从句

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动词

短语

71727374757677787980

2010倒

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词非

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71727374757677787980

2011倒

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态句

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句式

完成句子侧重语法知识的运用,且考查面较宽

从近四年高考对完成句子的考查情况来看,完成句子题考查的语法知识主要可分为一下几类:

非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、动名词、不定式的各种形

各种从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句和同位

语从句等

倒装与强调包括各种形式的倒装结构以及强调句的陈述句、一般

疑问句、特殊疑问句形式

时态和语态高考对时态的考查往往会放在从句中,涉及的时态有

一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和现在完成进行时等,对语态的考查往往与时态交织在一起,对非谓语动词的考查也涉及相关的时态和语态。虚拟语气和情态动词主要涉及各种形式的虚拟语气、情态动词的

基本含义和情态动词表示推测的用法等。

句子种类如陈述句、祈使句、感叹句等。

常见句型句式包括动词如take/cost/occur构成的句式、it句式、

形容词比较级句式和倍数表达法等。

应试点睛

完成句子涉及的考点广泛,既包含对语法知识的考查,又包含对语言知识的考查,还有对考生逻辑思维能力和翻译能力的综合考查。因此,学习时要从下面几个方面着手完成句子的备考:

一、强化语法概念,积累知识储备

正如前面分析到的那样,完成句子的题型其实是加强和升华了语法知识在具体语境中的运用。因此,在复习中,要加强对重要语法项目的学习,尤其是时态语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型、比较结构、倒装和虚拟语气等主要语法项目,弄清基本概念,掌握基本规律,积累牢固扎实的知识,并且要以完成句子的形式进行科学规范的训练。

二、树立结构意识,规范答题步骤

即要把分析句子结构、分析句子成分的思想运用到“完成句子”中来。“完成句子”考查的对象一般是一个短语、某个词的固定搭配、习惯用语或特殊句型。这些无不和句子结构息息相关。具体说来要从以下几个解题步骤入手:

1.通读句子,找出考点

考生在通读句子后,迅速地捕捉到句子大意并根据提示词确定考题的信息点是非常关健的。如:________(我们将如何制定这项计划)has been explained early by the teacher.(plan)。从句子结构来看,这里要补充一个主语,即主语从句;而提示词plan 和“制定计划”让我们获取短语make/work out a plan…所以,该题考查的测试点包括:(1)名词性从句的用法;(2)plan的固定搭配。最后形成答案:How we will make/work out the plan。

2.写出考点,适当筛选

英语课作为一门语言课,一种交际工具,它的功能在于它的应用性和实践性;

英语词汇作为一种语言符号,同样的符号

会有不同的表现形式或者构成不同的搭配。比如,All our supply of food________(已用完) (run). 首先,表示“用完”并且和run搭配的词组有run out, run out of,通过筛选,选择符合语境的最佳结构是run out;然后结合时态和语态确立正确答案为has run out…

3.发散思维,完成句子

发散思维是和聚合思维或单一思维相对应的。它从心理学角度引导我们要从尽可能多的角度、百花齐放式地思考问题,以达到全面而准确地解答问题的目的。把它引用到完成句子中是很有必要的。一道完成句子题正确答案的得出是要经过多个过程的,而每一个过程之间又是紧密联系的,忽视其中任何一个环节都将带来前功尽弃的后果。

如:[2010·湖北]________(不会用)a computer makes it more difficult for him

to do his academic research. (use)解答此题要经过以下步骤:第一步,分析句子结构,判断句子成分——缺少主语;第二步,根据提示词得出考点短语——be (not) able to/ be unable to;第三步,根据语法知识确立正确答案:Not being able to use/ Being unable to use。我们经常会看到这种情形:很多考生10道题都做了,但是得分不多。究其原因不是一无所知,而是思维狭窄、单一,以致疏忽大意而顾此失彼,环环扣分。一个人的思维方式的形成是和良好的行为习惯是分不开的。因此,考生要早日养成细致而周密的发散思维习惯。多做一些相关练习以提高多角度思考问题和解决问题的能力。

4.查漏补缺,不忘检查

俗话说:智者千虑,必有一失。况且完成句子还有严格的评分标准。因此,答案确立后一定要细心检查,缜密考虑。建议从以下几个方面进行检查:

(1)语法完整。在英语学习中,语法知识是熟练运用英语语言的关键,是考生提高基本技能的基石。

在完成句子这一题型中,语法考点主要覆盖以下内容:主谓一致;时态语态;非谓语动词;名词性从句;定语从句;状语从句;动词的过去式与过去分词;倒装句;情态动词+完成时的用法;以及形容词和副词的比较级等。检查时注意主谓一致问题,时态语态问题,指代问题,助动词误用或乱用问题。

(2)结构完整。完整的结构包括完整的句子结构和正确的习惯搭配。考点中的句子结构会涉及到强调句、感叹句、倒装句、There be句型,动词+宾语+宾补,祈使句,比较级的句子结构和系表结构等。而习惯搭配则需要考生熟练掌握并能灵活运用。

(3) 意义完整。完整的意义强调所填之词在句意逻辑上的合理性,所用的英文词形词性及搭配与汉语提示相吻合。避免句法、词法错误。句法主要包括主、谓、宾的关系问题。词法主要包括词形误用、词性混用、词义乱用、搭配不当以及冠词问题等等。

(4) 情景完整。完整的情景要求考生在预测语言情境的前提下选用最佳的语法形式和最佳的词汇搭配。

The procedures check(检查)

context(语境)

key grammar

(语法)key word (词汇)

answer(答案)

【英语】高中英语翻译(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题

【英语】高中英语翻译(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:翻译句子 1.只有当我们了解了不同的肢体语言我们才可以很好地跟人们交流。(only+状语从句) ________________________________________________________________________ 2.这就是我们未来的生活。(what引导的名词性从句) ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them. 2. This is what our life will be like in the future. 【解析】 【分析】 本大题为根据括号内的要求把汉语句子翻译成英语。翻译时尽可能地精确,按照要求翻译还要注意某些特殊的语法项目。如倒装句式等。 1.考查倒装句式。本大题要求用only+状语从句来翻译。Only+状语从句置于句首,主句要部分倒装。因此本句要翻译成部分倒装。同时要注意运用短语如肢体语言可译成“body languages”,与某人交流可译为“ communicate with”。因此本句可译为Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them。 2.考查由what引导的名词从句。分析句子可知,本句是一个表语从句,表语从句中的介词like缺少宾语,可用what引导。因此本句可译为:This is what our life will be like in the future. 2.高中英语翻译题:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.晚上别喝太多的咖啡,会睡不着觉的。(or) 2.事实证明,保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。(It) 3.乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光,因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。(create)4.追求稳定并不是什么坏事,很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。(when) 【答案】 1.Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep. 2. It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3. Op timistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories. 4. The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

高一英语经典句子

高一英语经典句子 导读:本文是关于句子大全的文章,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享! 1、理想是人生价值的动力,拼搏是人生价值的目标,进取是人生价值的体现。我们要以平凡的人生,创造出不平凡的事迹,让光芒永存,让光辉伴随着岁月而绽放。 Ideal is the motive force of life value, struggle is the goal of life value, and enterprising is the embodiment of life value. We should create extraordinary deeds with ordinary life, let the light last forever, let the glory blossom with the years. 2、没有谁的一生是一帆风顺的,在人生中难免会走一些弯路,它是人生的一部分,如果没有它,我们就无法体会到人生的意义,就不会懂得珍惜人生。只有经历了,才会悟出人生的真理,才会懂得珍惜。 No one's life is smooth sailing, in life will inevitably take some detours, it is a part of life, without it, we can not understand the meaning of life, will not know how to cherish life. Only through experience can we realize the truth of life and appreciate it. 3、挫折是成功的驿站,而承受就是走向下一站的脚步和力量。只要你肯努力走下去,一定会阳光灿烂。

第九讲高中英语翻译技巧与能力训练(上)[讲义]

高考英语翻译技巧与能力训练 高考英语中的翻译(中译英)题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想,是一种要求相当高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子,并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力,它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力,还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例,而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。 高考评分标准: 1.每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分;2.语法错误(包括时态错误)每处扣一分;3.译文没用所给的单词扣一分。 如何才能提高中译英水准,在高考中获得理想的分数呢?考生除了必须具备比较扎实的语言基础外,关键还在于学会总结规律,找准中译英的切入点。 一、分析句子结构、寻找合适的句型 中文必须仔细读,一定要看的就是题目给我们的关键字或关键的词组,也就是我们常说的key words。尤其是最后两句翻译句子,它们大都在句子结构上提高了难度。读什么?读出句子结构:对于简单句,辨别出主谓宾,分清定语、同位语和状语;对于并列句,记住两个语法意义上独立的分句,须由连词连接起来;对于复合句,须区分定语从句,名词性从句以及状语从句。一般来说,中译英的句型可分为三大类:1.简单句;2.并列句;3.复合句;同时我们也要注意非谓语动词及其他一些特殊结构。回顾近几年的高考试题时,也不难发现试题中考了一些特殊句式。如:It句型(近几年考得较为频繁)、倒装句、with结构。 例1: 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong) 解析:本题考查:1)简单句There be结构;2)wrong的用法;3)中英文表达的差异。 译句:There was something wrong with my computer yesterday. 例2: 遇到困难的时候,我们需要的不是彼此埋怨,而是互相帮助。(not…but) 解析:本题考查:1)复合句:when引导的状语从句;what引导的主语从句;2)not…but结构;3)“彼此埋怨”的英文翻译。 译句:When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with difficulties/When we have difficulties ,what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other. 例3:我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢?(prevent) 分析:如果有学生没有读全中文原句的话,就很有可能看成是以前所做的“我们要做些什么来阻止这种疾病的蔓延”,而译为We should do something to prevent the spread of this disease.因为这个原因而造成扣分,就太不应该了。 译句:What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease? 例4:他很有可能通过自己的努力得到驾驶执照。(likely) 译句:He is likely to get the driving license with his own efforts. 分析:有些学生一看到有可能,就会想到自己比较熟悉的possible,想当然地翻译成It is possible that…的结构。其实,学生对likely这个key word的使用也是会的,完全能够使用be likely to do或It’s likely th at…的结构。 例5:上海近几年经历了许多变化,如今已成为世界闻名的经济中心。(go through) 分析:乍一看,学生很容易轻易下笔,Shanghai has gone through…,it has become…,这已成为很多学生的一个习惯,句子和句子中随便用逗号隔开,英语不像中文,必须要考虑到句子的结构,逗号也不能随意使用。而此句中,就要想到用并列句中的连接词and来连接两个成分。

英语50个经典句子

1.Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn. 美洲羚羊,或称叉角羚,是该大陆典型的草原动物。 2.Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中,有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢? 3.Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions. 人类学家们已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。 4.Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. 由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用,它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。 5.In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. 任何盈利组织若要生存,最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。 6.The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse. 一个地方的人口越多,其对水,交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。 7.It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning. 简明,直接,有力的写作难于花哨,含混而意义模糊的表达。 8.With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors. 随着现代办公室的日益自动化,设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。 9.The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken. 诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的,而后者是口头的。 10.The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg. 膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。 11.Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red. 酸是一种化合物,它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性,并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。 12.Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs. Billie Holiday’s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。 13.Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality. 理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。 14.Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises. 儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前,很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。15.Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.

人教版高中英语必修三完成句子

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