经贸英语
经贸英语试题及答案
经贸英语试题及答案一、单选题（每题1分，共10分）1. The term "FOB" stands for:A. Free On BoardB. For OrderC. Forwarding OrderD. Full Overload2. In international trade, the most commonly used currency is:A. USDB. EURC. GBPD. JPY3. Which of the following is NOT a function of a letter of credit?A. Payment guaranteeB. Risk mitigationC. Currency conversionD. Settlement of trade disputes4. The "CIF" term in international trade means:A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cost, Insurance, and Freight paid toC. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to be paidD. Cost, Insurance, and Freight payable5. The abbreviation "BOP" refers to:A. Balance of PaymentsB. Business Operating PlanC. Bureau of PersonnelD. Board of Professionals6. The "T/T" payment method stands for:A. Telegraphic TransferB. Trade TransferC. Total TransferD. Time Transfer7. Which of the following is a non-tariff barrier to trade?A. Import quotaB. Customs dutyC. SubsidyD. Trade embargo8. The term "GATT" is associated with:A. General Agreement on Tariffs and TradeB. Global Alliance for Trade and TechnologyC. Global Association of Trade and TransportD. Global Agreement on Trade Terms9. The "D/P" term in trade documents refers to:A. Documents against PaymentB. Documents against PresentationC. Documents against PerformanceD. Documents against Promise10. The "L/C" is commonly understood to mean:A. Letter of CreditB. Letter of ComplaintC. Letter of ConfirmationD. Letter of Commitment答案：1-5 A A D A A6-10 A D A A A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The abbreviation "GDP" stands for ________, which is a measure of the economic performance of a country.2. In international trade, the term "EXW" means ________, indicating that the seller delivers the goods to the buyer's premises.3. A "proforma invoice" is a ________ document that outlines the details of a transaction but is not a legally binding contract.4. The "BOP" consists of two parts: the current account and the ________ account.5. The term "DAP" stands for Delivered At Place, which means the seller has fulfilled their obligations once the goods are ________ at the agreed place.6. The "UNCTAD" is an abbreviation for the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, which focuses on promoting ________ and development.7. The "FCA" term in Incoterms means Free Carrier, where the risk of loss or damage to the goods passes from the seller to the buyer when the goods are ________ to the carrier.8. The "H.S. Code" refers to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, which is used for ________ purposes.9. The "CFR" term stands for Cost and Freight, where the seller pays for the cost and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of ________.10. The "TIR" system is an international customs transit system for road transport, which facilitates the movement of goods under cover of a single, internationally recognized________.答案：1. Gross Domestic Product2. Ex Works3. preliminary or non-contractual4. capital5. ready and available6. trade7. handed over8. customs classification9. destination10. customs guarantee三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. What are the main differences between a documentary collection and a documentary credit?2. Explain the concept of "Most Favored Nation" (MFN) in international trade.3. What are the key components of a sales contract in international trade?4. Describe the role of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in the context of international trade.答案：1. A documentary collection is a method of payment where the bank acts as an intermediary to collect payment on behalf of the seller. A documentary credit, on the other hand, is a commitment by a bank at the request of the buyer to pay a specified amount to the seller under specific terms and conditions.2. The Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment is a principle in international trade where a country grants another country the。
经贸英语背景介绍
经贸英语背景介绍
经贸英语（Business English）是一个涵盖广泛领域的学科，主要涉及国际商务和贸易的各个方面。
它不仅是全球商业交流的主要语言，也是商业决策、国际市场营销、国际金融和国际经济合作等领域的重要工具。
随着全球化的加速和跨国企业的增多，经贸英语的重要性日益凸显。
它不仅帮助商业人士在国际市场上进行有效的沟通，还为他们提供了理解国际商业环境、法规、惯例和文化的基础。
经贸英语涵盖了各种商业活动，如国际贸易、商业谈判、市场分析、财务报表解读等。
此外，它还涉及法律和贸易协定、跨文化沟通以及新兴的商业模式和概念。
在全球化的背景下，经贸英语已成为商业领袖和专家必备的技能之一。
它不仅帮助个人在职业生涯中取得成功，也为国家和地区的经济发展做出了重要贡献。
总之，经贸英语是国际商务交流和合作的关键语言，对于想要在国际舞台上取得成功的人来说，掌握经贸英语是必不可少的。
经贸英语-
经贸英语1800字Introduction经贸英语（Business English）是涵盖经济、商业及贸易领域的英语，它是全球商业活动中不可或缺的一部分。
经贸英语是企业与企业、企业与客户、企业与政府部门、企业与媒体等之间进行商业沟通的基本语言。
随着经济全球化的发展，经贸英语的重要性越来越凸显，越来越多的人开始学习和使用经贸英语。
In this article, we will discuss the significance and importance of Business English, how to enhance your Business English skills, and other relevant aspects such as Business English vocabulary, Business English phrases and Business English writing skills.Significance of Business EnglishBusiness English is essential for individuals who engage in business activities or aspire to work in a professional environment. It is a universal language that facilitates communication between business partners all over the globe. In today's world, Business English skills are becoming increasingly important due to globalisation, which has led to the expansion of business activities across borders.At the same time, Business English is also critical in building excellent communication skills that can enhance workplace relationships and enable individuals to establish their reputation as effective communicators.Communication is fundamental to all collaborative projects in a commercial environment, and lack of communication or misunderstandings can lead to costly errors and defeats.How to Improve Business English SkillsImproving your Business English skills is a process that requires effort, commitment and practice. Here are some tips on how to enhance your Business English skills:1. Attend Business English courses and seminars – Formal training is essential in mastering Business English. Attend courses or seminars focused on developing your Business English skills such as writing, speaking or reading. The course material and exercises offered will help you acquire vocabulary, grammar and jargon native to the professions you aspire to work in.2. Read business publications and articles – Reading business publications such as The Economist, Forbes or The Wall Street Journal can help you familiarise yourself with business terminologies, jargons and current events in the business world. It will also enable you to improve your reading comprehension skills, and help you to keep up to date with the latest business trends.3. Practice writing – Writing is a significant component of Business English, and it's essential to develop your writing skills to communicate effectively. Practice writing professional emails, reports, proposals, and othertypes of business correspondence. Ensure your writing is clear, concise and professional.4. Watch business news channels – Watching business news channels such as CNBC and Bloomberg can help you familiarise yourself with business terms and vocabulary, and provide you with insight into the business world.5. Listen to Business English podcasts – Listening to Business English podcasts such as BBC Business Daily or Business English Q&A can improve your listening comprehension skills, and help you learn about current business events and issues in the global economy.Business English VocabularyThe Business English vocabulary is vast, and therefore it is essential to focus on the most relevant aspects of it. Familiarising yourself with the following terms can be an excellent starting point:1. Profit and Loss statement – A Profit and Loss statement is a financial report that outlines a company's revenues, costs and expenses over a specific period.2. Balance sheet – A balance sheet is a financial statement that shows a company's financial position at a particular point in time.3. Equity – Equity refers to the ownership interest of shareholders in a company.4. Capital – Capital refers to the financial resources a company uses to generate its income and can be either debt or equity.5. Sales revenue – Sales revenue is the income generated from the sale of goods or services.Business English PhrasesIn Business English, certain phrases are commonly used. Here are some of the most commonly used phrases:1. It's all about the bottom line – This phrase is used to express that the most crucial aspect of a business is its profitability.2. Let's touch base – This means we should discuss a particular subject or to have a meeting.3. Closing the deal – This phrase is commonly used to indicate the completion of a business transaction.4. Get the ball rolling – This means to start a process or initiate a project.5. Think outside of the box – This phrase is used to encourage creativity and innovative ideas.Business English Writing SkillsIn today's business world, effective written communication skills are as essential as effective verbal communication skills. Here are some tips for improving your Business English writing skills:1. Keep it concise – In Business English, it is essential to be concise and clear. Avoid using overly technical language or jargon that may be difficult for the receiver to understand.2. Use appropriate tone and style – Business communication requires one to pay attention to the appropriate tone and style of writing. For instance, when writing a formal email, it is essential to use the appropriate salutation, tone and choice of words.3. Use bullet points – Bullet points are an excellent way of presenting information in a clear and concise manner. Bullet points also make it easier for the receiver to read and understand the content.4. Proofread – Proofreading your work is crucial in ensuring that your communication is professional, concise and error-free.ConclusionAs we have seen, Business English is crucial in today's global business environment. Individuals who aspire to work in a professional environmentshould focus on improving their Business English skills. By attending courses, reading business publications and articles, practicing writing, and listening to Business English podcasts, individuals can significantly enhance their Business English skills. Understanding Business English vocabulary, phrases and writing skills will enable individuals to communicate more effectively and establish themselves as effective communicators in the workplace.。
浅议经贸英语词汇的特点
浅议经贸英语词汇的特点经贸英语词汇的特点是指在商业和经济领域中使用的英语词汇。
随着全球化进程的加速和国际贸易的扩大，经贸英语已成为全球通用的商业语言，具有一定的特点。
本文将探讨经贸英语词汇的几个主要特点。
一、术语性强经贸英语词汇的一个主要特点是术语性强。
这些词汇通常用于商业和经济领域，包括贸易、金融、市场营销、会计、税务、保险等领域，这些领域都有其特定的术语和表达方式。
因此，经贸英语词汇的学习需要熟悉其专业术语和表达方式，以便正确理解和运用这些词汇。
例如，贸易中的一些术语包括：import（进口）、export（出口）、tariff（关税）、quota （配额）、freight（运费）等。
金融中的一些术语包括：bankruptcy（破产）、bond（债券）、capital（资本）、interest rate（利率）等。
在学习经贸英语时，需要熟悉这些术语及其含义，以便在商业和经济领域中正确使用这些词汇。
二、具有国际化特点随着全球化的加速和国际贸易的扩大，经贸英语已成为全球通用的商业语言，具有国际化的特点。
因此，经贸英语词汇不仅包括英语国家的商业和经济词汇，还包括来自其他国家的商业和经济词汇，如中文的“贸易顺差”（trade surplus）、日文的“技术转移”（technology transfer）等。
此外，随着不同国家和地区的商业和经济发展，经贸英语词汇也在不断演变和丰富。
例如，随着中国的经济崛起，汉语中的一些商业和经济词汇也在逐渐进入国际商业和经济领域，如“一带一路”（Belt and Road）、“互联网+”（Internet Plus）等。
在学习经贸英语时，需要熟悉不同国家和地区的商业和经济词汇，以便更好地理解和运用这些词汇。
三、语言简洁明了经贸英语词汇通常具有语言简洁明了的特点，这是为了在商业和经济领域中快速准确地传递信息和交流意见。
经贸英语中的词汇通常使用简单的词汇和短语，避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句式，以便更好地理解和运用这些词汇。
经贸英语词汇
以下是一些常见的经贸英语词汇：- Economy 经济- Trade 贸易- Commerce 商业- Business 商业，生意- Market 市场- Supply and demand 供求- Profit 利润- Loss 损失- Inflation 通货膨胀- Unemployment 失业- Interest rate 利率- Exchange rate 汇率- Import 进口- Export 出口- Tariff 关税- Trade deficit 贸易逆差- Trade surplus 贸易顺差- Free trade 自由贸易- Protectionism 保护主义- Globalization 全球化- International trade 国际贸易- Economic growth 经济增长- Economic development 经济发展- Economic policy 经济政策- Fiscal policy 财政政策- Monetary policy 货币政策- Capital 资本- Investment 投资- Stock market 股票市场- Bond 债券- Entrepreneur 企业家- Corporation 公司- Partnership 合伙企业- Franchise 特许经营- Small business 小企业- Startup 创业公司- Merger and acquisition (M&A) 并购- Supply chain 供应链- Logistics 物流- Distribution 分销- Wholesale 批发- Retail 零售- E-commerce 电子商务- Digital economy 数字经济- Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权- Patent 专利- Trademark 商标- Copyright 版权- Licensing 许可证- Contract 合同- Negotiation 谈判- Bid 竞标- Auction 拍卖- Deal 交易- Invoice 发票- Payment 付款- Credit 信用- Debtor 债务人- Creditor 债权人- Bankruptcy 破产- Audit 审计- Accounting 会计- Budget 预算- Finance 金融- Venture capital (VC) 风险投资- Private equity (PE) 私募股权- Angel investor 天使投资人- Stock option 股票期权- Dividend 股息- Bonus 奖金- Salary 薪水- Wage 工资- Cost 成本- Price 价格- Profit margin 利润率-Markup 加价- Discount 折扣- Marketing 营销- Advertising 广告- Brand 品牌- Customer 顾客- Sales 销售- Market research 市场调研- Product development 产品开发- Quality control 质量控制- Packaging 包装- Distribution channel 分销渠道- Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理- Logistics management 物流管理- Inventory management 库存管理- Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制- Lean manufacturing 精益生产- Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理- Six Sigma 六西格玛- ISO 9000 国际标准化组织9000 系列标准- ERP 企业资源规划系统- CRM 客户关系管理系统- SCM 供应链管理系统- B2B 企业对企业电子商务- B2C 企业对消费者电子商务- C2C 消费者对消费者电子商务- Online payment 在线支付- Digital wallet 数字钱包- Cybersecurity 网络安全- Data protection 数据保护- Privacy 隐私- Encryption 加密- Cloud computing 云计算- Artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能- Blockchain 区块链- Big data 大数据- Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网- 5G 第五代移动通信技术这些只是经贸英语词汇中的一部分，经贸领域非常广泛，涉及到众多专业和行业，因此还有很多其他的词汇和术语。
经贸英语
二、词语特点
• 1.贸易术语（trade terms）
• net price 净价 wholesale price 批发价 discount / allowance 折扣 retail price 零售价 spot price 现货价格 current price 现行价格 / 时价 indicative price 参考价格 customs valuation 海关估价 price list 价目表 total value 总值
从叠词功能考察，只有少数近义词并列使用是为了追 求他们之间的意义相同，以不被曲解，翻译时，我们 只要取其相同意义即可。 Null and void terms and conditions
provisions and stipulations
• All permits, taxes and other fees arising form the prosecution and execution of the project shall be solely shouldered by the Con费、税费及其它用 费全部由承包方负担。
• 项目执行、施工过程中所产生的许可证费、税费及 其他费用均由承包方承担。
4.用语简洁
• 用语简洁为经贸英语的另一个特点，比如： • D. P .:Documents against payment 付 款交单；All sales are free 一经售出 概不 退换；ENCL：enclosure 随附；FYC:回复 贵方电报
• 如果需要新增加工程，双方应另行协定该项目新增 工程的单价。
• 词语叠用 合同词汇另一特征是同义词或近义词叠用。 这种叠用确保了合同所用词语的意思不被 区别并是原文意思高度完整、准确，更好 地体现了合同作为法律文书的严肃性。
经贸英语如何翻译
经贸英语如何翻译经贸一看就是个合在一起的词，用英语翻译的时候，把这两者的单词合在一起便可以了。
下面是店铺给大家整理的经贸英语如何翻译，供大家参阅!经贸英语如何翻译economy and trade英 [iˈkɔnəmi ænd treid] 美 [ɪˈkɑnəmi ənd treid]经贸的英语例句1. All these have helped further development of Sino - US economic and trade ties.这些都有利于中美经贸关系的进一步发展.2. An international economic and trade exhibition will be held in Beijing.在北京将举行一次国际经贸展览会.3. Looking to the future, China has confidence in the development of Sino - US economic and trade co - operation.放眼未来, 中国对中美经贸合作的发展抱有信心.4. The Company international business, foreign labor service, economic and technology cooperation.公司从事贸易、对外劳务服务及经贸合作.5. At the same time, Venezuela and Cuba maintain close and trade relations.同时, 委内瑞拉同古巴保持密切的经贸关系.6. Economic and trade cooperation is another focus of our collaboration.开展经贸合作是我们合作的重要内容.7. Our close economic relationship with the Mainland dates back many years ago.香港与内地紧密的经贸关系,在很多年前就已经建立.8. They also regularly organise events to promote Hong Kong's image overseas.经贸处也定期举办活动,提高香港在海外的形象.9. High level international workshops and economic, technological, cultural and academic exchanges.将举办高层次的国际会议和经贸、科技、文化、学术交流等活动.10. Multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations kept developing.多双边经贸关系继续发展.11. This will seriously test China - U.S. economic and trade relations.这将严重考验中美两国的经贸关系.12. They also organise events to promote Hong Kong's image.经贸办事处又定期举办活动,提高香港的形象.13. The annual Urumqi Economy & Trade Fair attracted many domestic and foreign traders.已同 100 多个国家和地区建立了经贸关系.14. Mutually Beneficial and Win - win Sino - African Economic and Trade Cooperation.互利共赢的中非经贸合作.15. Agriculture cooperation is an important part of the African trade cooperation.农业合作是中非经贸合作的重要组成部分.economy and trade的双语例句1. China's development has boosted the growth of global economy and trade.中国发展有力促进了世界经济和贸易增长.2. Technical trade barrier will have double impacts oneconomy and trade.技术性贸易壁垒对经济和贸易具有双重影响.3. Intellectual property has become a bridge linking technology, economy and trade.知识产权已成为连接技术、经济和贸易的纽带.4. English Business Correspondence is the core curriculum of International Economy and Trade major.《外贸英语函电》是国际经济与贸易专业的核心课程.5. Countries and regions are mutually complementary with each other in their economy and trade.各国和地区在经济和贸易上互相补充.6. The graduating student of 2009 studying in International Economy and Trade Major of Daqing Petroleum Institute.大庆石油学院国际经济与贸易专业09年应届毕业生.7. Shanghai is China's center of economy, finance, trade, science and technology, information and culture.上海是中国经济, 金融, 贸易, 科技, 信息,文化的中心.8. Theexchange rate of RMB an important role in our country's economy and international trade. "人民币汇率的变动对国内经济及对外贸易活动都有着重大的影响.9. Credit is the basis of trade in an economy, and it is also a social capital.信用是保证社会经济交易顺利实现的基础.信用是一种社会资本.10. Shipping industry is the basic industry of the national economy and international trade.航运业是国民经济和国际贸易的基础行业.11. She wants to create cap - and - trade mechanisms within industries rather than across the economy as a whole.她希望在企业内部建立配额交易机制而非整个经济体.12. Second, the article of trade friction on the Chineseeconomy and foreign trade development.其次, 文章分析了贸易摩擦对中国经济和外贸发展的影响.13. Network economy and exceed limit analysis, division of labor and specialization, trade charge is relevant couplet.网络经济与超边际分析、分工与专业化、交易费用相关联.14. With the development of world economy and multinational trade, the need for Business English is growing.随着世界经济和跨国贸易的发展, 社会对商务英语的需求也日益增长.15. That the Chinese economy and Sino - US bilateral and trade relations are very negative development.这对中国经济以及中美双边经贸关系的发展都十分不利.。
经贸英语怎么翻译
经贸英语怎么翻译把经贸分开来讲就是经济与贸易，英语翻译也是如此。
下面是店铺给大家整理的经贸英语怎么翻译，供大家参阅!经贸英语怎么翻译economy and trade经贸的英语例句除了与墨西哥的经贸合作，我们正在共同努力以确保尽快的识别并制止威胁，甚至在威胁到达北美之前。
With Mexico, in addition to trade cooperation, we are working together to identify and interdictthreats at the earliest opportunity, even before they reach North America.论坛期间，中美省州长们将举行对口会见，双方还将签署涉及经贸、教育、科技等领域的多个合作协议。
During the forum, governors from both countries will hold meetings and sign several cooperationdocuments in trade, education, science and technology and other fields.你和你的同事为贵国的外贸体制的改革提出了“宏观经贸”这个重要的新概念。
You and your colleagues proposed the significant new concept of “macroeconomics and trade”for reform in your foreign trade system.中方重视同巴西的经贸合作，一贯主张通过对话与合作，寻求互利共赢解决分歧的办法。
China values its economic cooperation and trade with Brazil and pursues a mutually beneficialresolution of disputes through dialogue and cooperation.胡锦涛在官方中央电视台上表示，中国应扩大与朝鲜的经贸合作。
经贸英语的语言特点
经贸英语的语言特点摘要:经贸英语课程是专门用途英语,它和普通英语有着个性与共性、部分与整体的辩证统一关系,是跨学科的应用语言学。
经贸英语在词汇、语法和修辞方面有着鲜明的特点,掌握这些特点对于培养和提高学生经贸英语理解能力、实践能力具有重要意义。
关键词:经贸英语;语言特点;词汇;语法;修辞在全球经济一体化的进程中,社会对外语人才的需求呈现出多元化趋势,既具有扎实英语能力又具备较强专业知识的复合型人才的需求与日俱增。
随着我国非英语专业英语教育取得长足的进步,为适应时代发展要求,《关于外语专业面向21世纪本科教育改革的若干意见》明确提出培养复合型外语人才的要求,为我国英语专业教育的发展指明了方向。
许多高校在英语专业高年级开设了大学经贸英语的课程。
经贸英语课程是为英语专业学生开设的,它的教学中心是与经贸知识有关的英语,是英语专业基础教学的扩大和延续,是培养学生英语应用能力的教学过程。
因此,经贸英语课程是专门用途英语ESP(English for Specific Purpose),是跨学科的应用语言学,经贸英语课程的教学目标是使学生基本掌握经贸活动的语言特点,向学生介绍经济、贸易基础知识、使学生了解初步的经济贸易文化。
所以,向学生阐述经贸英语的语言特点是经贸英语课程的重要内容。
经贸英语与英语本身并无本质区别,民族语言是语言的最高形式,经贸英语必需服从英语语言的一切规则。
但是,作为专门用途英语,经贸英语又不同于文学、政论等文体的英语,它与普通英语有着个性与共性、部分与整体的辩证统一关系,其许多方面表现出独特的特点。
一、经贸英语词汇特点1、用词的正式性、准确性和通用性在经贸理论的阐述中,经贸英语语言结构严密,意义清晰,逻辑性强,描述准确;在经贸英语的实务中,不同地域的语言文化存在差异,以平等互利为原则的国际贸易管理法规是交际双方彼此遵守的法律义务,是避免交际误解的有效手段,其文本往往具有法律效力。
所以,经贸英语用词不能口语化、非正式化和简单化,必须力求准确无误,保证国际通用性,所揭示的概念和意义必须是确定、唯一的。
经贸英语参考答案
经贸英语参考答案经贸英语参考答案在现代社会中，经贸英语已经成为一门重要的语言技能。
无论是在国际贸易、跨国公司还是国际金融领域，掌握经贸英语都是非常有必要的。
然而，学习经贸英语并不是一件容易的事情，需要掌握大量的专业词汇和相关的知识。
在这篇文章中，我们将提供一些经贸英语的参考答案，帮助读者更好地学习和应用经贸英语。
首先，让我们从国际贸易的角度来看一些常见的经贸英语词汇。
在国际贸易中，常常会遇到一些与进出口相关的词汇，比如"import"（进口）、"export"（出口）、"trade deficit"（贸易逆差）等等。
此外，还有一些与支付方式相关的词汇，比如"letter of credit"（信用证）、"bill of exchange"（汇票）等。
掌握这些词汇，可以帮助我们更好地理解和处理国际贸易的相关事务。
接下来，让我们来看一些与跨国公司相关的经贸英语词汇。
在跨国公司中，常常会遇到一些与组织结构和管理相关的词汇，比如"subsidiary"（子公司）、"joint venture"（合资企业）、"corporate governance"（公司治理）等。
此外，还有一些与市场营销相关的词汇，比如"branding"（品牌建设）、"market segmentation"（市场细分）等。
了解这些词汇，有助于我们更好地理解和应用跨国公司的相关知识。
除了国际贸易和跨国公司，经贸英语还与国际金融密切相关。
在国际金融领域中，我们经常会遇到一些与货币和汇率相关的词汇，比如"exchange rate"（汇率）、"currency appreciation"（货币升值）等。
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商务英语语言特色及其翻译策略
摘要
在全球经济一体化的进程中,商务英语显得越来越重要。
由于商务英语在各方面都具有自身的特点,了解其特点,是做好商务英语翻译工作的前提。
本文首先对商务英语的用词、语体、结构等几个方面的特点进行了探讨,并在此基础上,从词语涵义、文化差异、专业背景的角度,简要阐述了国际商务英语的翻译策略。
1969年,尤金.奈达提出功能对等理论,主张译文读者对译文的反应须与源文读者对源文的反应一致(1969:24)。
奈达提出的功能对等理论一直是翻译领域的核心支撑,对于商务英语翻译也不例外。
本文基于奈达的功能对等理论,用对比和举例等方法,从词汇、句法和语篇层面对商务英语的语言特色及其翻译策略作了系统的分析和阐述,旨在论述功能对等理论能够应用于商务英语翻译研究中,并为今后的相关研究作一定的参考。
关键字
商务英语；语言特色；翻译策略；功能对等
在世界经济全球化和一体化的进程中,国际商务活动日趋频繁,英语作为世界语言的作用也越来越明显。
其中,商务英语在国际商务来往中扮演者重要角色,是世界经济发展的必然产物,它在词汇、句法、文化意识等方面都有具有特点。
由于商务交往直接和经济效益有关,所以商务英语的翻译
—、商务英语的语言特点
由于商务英语是一门具有专门用途的英语为国际商务活动这一特定的专业学科服务的基于英语的基本语法、句法结构和词汇,但又有独特的语言现象和表现内容。
(一)商务英语的词汇特点
1．许多普通英语中的常见词汇在商务英语中则有其特殊的专业含义。
例如:offer本意是“提出,提供”,在商务英语中则是“报价”的意思; promotion本意是“提升、晋升”,在商务英语中则是“促销”的意思; balance本意是“均衡,平
衡”,在商务英语中则是“余额,结欠”的意思; claim本意是“声称”,在商务英语中则是“索赔”的意思。
2.新词汇的涌现，随着国际经济交往的深入发展和计算机技术的发展,近年来现
出大量的新词汇,例如: Euro欧元, E- business电子商务, credit gap信用
距,value added tax增值税, E- money\cash电子货币\现金, Soft - landing指(经济的)软着陆, Knowledge- based economy知识经济,等等。
(二)商务英语的句法特点
商务英语句子结构比较复杂,句式规范,文体正式,尤其在招标文件和投标文件以及合同中更是如此。
一般说来,由于商务英语在表达上更加注重精确,强调客观,所以句子结构复杂长难句较多,即大量使用从句和被动语态。
1．多用长难句例如:Many large companies sponsor popular e2vents as well as individual athletes or players, using the opportunity to advertise their name prominently at the sports ground or on the individual’s sport swear or equipment, at a football match or a tennis tournament.
2.大量使用被动语态例如:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibit.参观者请不要用手触摸展览品。
3.大量礼貌语的使用在商务英语中,特别是商务信函,礼貌是其中非常重要的语言特点。
商务社交的方式和内容都体现出建立良好关系的愿望,因此商务英语用词礼貌体贴。
一封彬彬有礼的书信能够帮助你树立起一种正直、热情, 有良好文化修养和职业道德的形象,使收信人愿意同你合作, 愿意竭诚为你服务。
二、商务英语的翻译策略
商务英语是涉及语言、交际技巧、商务知识、文化背景等因素的语言,有着独特的语言特色。
进一步了解商务英语的语言特点有助于我们对商务英语的本质、功能进一步认识,进而掌握一些翻译技巧。
(一)一词多义及常用术语商务英语中词汇的翻译要根据上下文的联系准确选
择,同一个英语单词在不同的语言环境中有不同的含义。
例如: accommodation
notes通融票据; bid bond押标金; bad check空头支票; balance sheet资产负债表; bank draft银行汇票; bill of exchange汇票;bill of lading提单; date draft定期汇票,等等。
（二)词类转译商务英语翻译中,为了使汉语译文通顺自然有些词在翻译时需要转换词类,这就需要译者掌握一定的译词技巧.
下面列举二种常见的词类转译类型:
1.名词与动词的互相转译 The two sides exchanged views on the choice of terms of transportation, but they made no mention of the exact time of delivery.双方就运输方式交换了意见,但没有提到确切的交货时间。
mention是名词,译成汉语时要变为动词。
2.介词与动词的互相转译在许多场合下,介词转译成动词时,需要依据上下文进行引申,具体地进行翻译。
如:We should advise you to get in touch with them for your requirements.建议你方与他们取得联系,洽购所需商品。
(三)学会剖析和阅读长句商务英语的句子较复杂这个显著特征给读者的阅读设置了不小的障碍,英语长句是指包含各种语法关系和特殊句型的各种复杂句。
分析英语长句首先要找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,即句子的主干结构;然后找出句中所有的从属结构,并分析其功能,英语长句的翻译有顺序译法、逆序译法、拆分译法和综合译法四种。
如,在上述商务英语句法特点中提到的长句,其中主语为“many large companies”,谓语为“sponsor”,宾语为“popu2lar events”,而后面却有着一长串的目的状语、地点状语及定语来修饰这简单的主谓宾。
这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑一致,所以宜用顺序译法。
结束语
商务英语涉及语言、交际技巧、商务知识、文化背景等因素,有其独特的语言特色。
词汇和句子是商务英语的基础要素,抓住商务英语词汇和句式上的特点,采取恰当的翻译方法,能有效服务英语的翻译,提高交流效率,进而更好地促进国际贸易和国际交流活动的发展。
进一步了解商
务英语的语言特点与翻译技巧有助于我们对商务英语的本质、功能进一步认识,并推动商务英语的学习与实际应用。
参考文献:
[1]黄天源. 直译和意译新探[J]. 四川外语学院学报, 1998(1) .
[2]尤金·奈达著,严久生译. 语言文化与翻译(Language Culture and Translating) [M]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社,1998.
经贸英语
商务英语语言特色及其翻译策略
学号 1109131074
专业 11通信工程
姓名杜伟
老师李煜。