八年级上册第8单元重点知识点语法短语总结

八年级上册第8单元重点知识点语法短语总结
八年级上册第8单元重点知识点语法短语总结

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

教学重点:可数名词/ 不可数名词祈使句

1、Turn on the blender.

1)turn on 打开(电器等)反义词:turn off关上(电器等)。

2)turn up(音量调大,调高)turn down (把音量调小,调低) turn in上交(试卷等)turn into使成为,翻译成turn to 转向in turn依次地 by turn 轮流地

3)辨析:turn on/open

turn on表示打开(电灯,自来水开关,煤气,无线电等) 注意代词放中间:turn it on

open 表示敞开,展开,使……;露在外面。open the window

2、Cut up the bananas. (banana 名词宾语)将香蕉切成块。

1)cut up切碎后跟代词宾语时应该放在cut和up的中间,接名词宾语时放在后面eg:cup it up 2)cut…in two/half 把……切成两半cut down 砍到 cut…into pieces 把……切成碎块=cut up

eg:cut it down

3、Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒进果汁机里。

1)pour…into…把……倒进……里=put…in…:那……放进……里去

pour out 大量涌出

pour sb. Sth. = pour sth for sb.

the bananas into the blender.

put…into…还有“把……译成……”的意思。Eg:Put the sentence into English ,please.

put词组:put away把……收起来放好 put on 穿上put off 推迟,延期put out 熄灭put down 放下put up 建造,挂起,举起 put…on…把…放在……上

5.Let’s make fruit salad.

sth. 让某人做某事后面省略to 的不定式

一感(feel)二听(hear. Listen)三让(let /have/ make)四看(see / look/ watch/ notice)

动词后面再出现动词时有三种情况:一种是to do,另一种是doing,还有一种是do。后面接to do动词还有ask,want,hope等。 Ask sb . to do sth.叫某人做某事 Hope sb. To do sth.希望某人做某事

句型

B.

1)祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式,要用shall,will。如:

Pass me the book,will you?

2)Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“Shall we?”。如:

Let’s go for a walk,shall we?

3)Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“will you?”。如:

Let us go for a walk,will you?

4)其它行为动词引起的祈使句,无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句,多用“will you?”,表一种客气的语气。如:

Listen to me,will you?

Don’t tell anyone about it,will you?

但在肯定的祈使句后有时也用“won’t you?”表“提醒对方注意”或表“邀请”。如:

Have a cup of coffee,won’t you?

Come in and take a seat,won’t you/will you?

6.How many bananas do we need?

Need 实义动词 need to do sth./ don’t need to do sth.

情态动词 need do sth./ needn’t do sth.

Need doing = need to be done.

7.We need one cup of yogurt.

复习量词: a cup of / a glass of ....plate bowl box carton can spoon pair

8.Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.

forget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事(还没有发生) f orget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已经发生了)

Eg:Don’t forget to close the windows. 不要忘记关上窗户

add... to / into... 把...加进去

add up (to) 加起来

Grammar---3c

1、How do you make a banana milk shake? 你是怎么样制作香蕉奶昔的?

1)就做某事的方法,方式,途径及动作程度等进行

How to plant a tree 疑问词+ 不定式,可在句子中作主语,宾语,表语

When to start is a problem

2)make: 制作。 make sb. sth=make sth for sb.为某人做什么

… Next… Then… Finally…首先……接下来……然后……最后……

3、How many bananas do we need?/How much yogurt do we need?

1)How many…? 多少(可数名词) How much…? 多少(不可数名词)/多少钱?

Section B 1a~1e

1、Do you like … in sandwiches?你喜欢三明治里加……吗?

A.可数名词变化规则(略见语法部分)

不可数名词

不可数名词不能直接用数词来修饰,表示不可数名词的量时,要用“数词+计量名词 + of + 不可数名词”。如:a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶,two teaspoons of salt 两茶匙盐。

sandwiches 夹心面包片

2a-2e

1.These days , most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.

by + Ving 表示通过... 凭....

by + 交通工具

by+ 时间到...为止

,mix together some bread pieces , onions , salt and pepper.

a、mix up 混合在一起

3.Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.

be filled with = be full of

4.Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours.

a. few/a few+可数名词 little/a little+不可数名词

lots of/some/any+可数名词也可以加不可数名词

5.When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.

Place V. 放置

be covered with ... 用... 把... 覆盖

3 a - self check

1.You can also have other things like fish and different vegetables.

用在疑问句中表示“礼貌的询问/请求”。当any表示任何一个的时候用于肯定句中。当表示希望得到对方的肯定回答或者是一种礼貌的要求时,疑问句中也要用some

B.泛指另一个用another

Eg:I need another apple, please.(无范围,任意一个苹果 )

范围是两人,一个用one,另一个用the other

Eg:I have two good friends one is you, the other is Bob.(表示好朋友的范围内两个人)

one/some … the others 一个/些……另一部分三者以上(有范围)

\eg: It’s lunch break time. Some students are in the classroom, the others are in the playground. (有范围,指某个班的学生)

some … others 一些……另一些三者以上(无范围)

eg:Students all like sports. Some like basketball, others like football. (无范围,所指不明确)一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用a third one ,the other one…. Eg:There are three families in my family, one is my mother another is my father and a third one is me.

2.It’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!

It’s time for sth.

It’s time for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,该....是的时候

本单元重点词组

1.make a banana milk shake

2.Peel the bananas

3.Cut up

4.Turn on

5.Pour... into

6.Put ... into

7.One cup of yogurt

8.After that

9.Cook for another 10 minutes

10.One one thing

11.Plant a tree 12.Take out a book from the library

13.A piece of bread

14.In most countries

15.Traditional food

16.On special holidays

17.At this time

18.Forget to do sth.

19.In the next autumu

20.These days

21.The main dish

22.fill ... with

23.Cover ... with

24.Cut... into pieces 25.At a very high temperature

26.One by one

本单元语法:

可数名词和不可数名词

○1名词根据其可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词即指可以分为个体,且可直接用数目进行计数的名词,如 desk(课桌),girl(女孩)等;不可数名词即指不可数分为个体,且不可直接用数目进行计数的名词,如 milk(牛奶),information(消息),money(钱)等。

○2单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the。如:

He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。

No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。

○3可数名词表示复数意义时可用many,few, a few等词修饰。如:

many apples,a lot of tomatoes,a few pens

不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。如:

much meat,a little bread,little water

可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示"一些,许多"。如: There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。

There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。

○4可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:

two apples, four books等。

不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如:

a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

○5可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:

This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。

不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:

There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。

○6对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如:

How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?

How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?

注意:对不可数名词前的"单位词"的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how many。如:

How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?

【辨析】有的名词既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词,只是含义不同:

1)room 表示“房间”时,为可数名词,但表示“空间”、“余地”时,为不可数名词。

2)A:Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗?

B:No, I don’t like cake. 不吃,我不喜欢吃蛋糕。

以上第一句用 a cake,这是把 cake 视为一块一块的“蛋糕”,所以它是可数的;而第二句只用 cake,这是把它当作物质名词看待, 所以它成了不可数名词。

3)又如,tea(茶)作为物质名词,它是不可数的,但它若表示“一份茶”或“一种茶”,则是可数的,如可说

It’s a good tea(那是一种好茶),Two teas, please(请来两份茶)。

4)像fish,turkey,chicken,duck等指动物时是可数名词,指“……肉”时是不可数名词。

5)hair指一个人头上的全部头发时,是不可数名词;如果指某一根头发时,就是可数的。例如:

Her hair is she finds a white hair ,she pulls it out.

她的头发是黑的。她只要发现一根白发就将它拔掉。

可数名词单数变复数的规则

1)一般规则变化情况 :

情况构成方法读音例词

一般情况下加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps

2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/; bag-bags

car-cars

以s,x,sh,ch,

结尾的词加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses

以ce,se,ze, 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses

ge等结尾

的词

以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies

2)部分规则变化情况:

以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:two Marys the Henrys monkey——monkeys holiday——holidays

以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:加s,如: photo——photos piano——pianos

radio——radios zoo——zoos;

加es,(黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆)如:potato——potatoes tomato——tomatoes

均可,如:zero——zeros / zeroes

以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:

a)加s,如: belief——beliefs(信念)roof——roofs(屋顶)

b)去f,fe 加ves,如:half——halves

knife——knives leaf——leaves wolf——wolves

wife——wives life——lives thief——thieves;

c)均可,如:handkerchief(手帕): handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

scarf(围巾): scarfs/scarves

3)名词复数的不规则变化:

(1)child——children foot——feet tooth——teeth

mouse——mice man——men woman——women

注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women.

如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans. Bowman是姓,其

复数是the Bowmans.

man和woman作定语变复数时,它们也变成复数。例如:two women teachers

(2)单复同形如:

deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese

但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

(3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但视为复数。

如: people,police等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,但可以说 a person,a policeman,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国

民总称时,作复数用。

如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

(4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:

a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。

b. news 是不可数名词。

c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.

(5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses, trousers,clothes, pants,scissors(剪刀),etc

若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers (6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼,greens青菜,arms武器,works著作

中考链接

( ) 1. It’s time for us to listen to the news. Would you please the radio?

A. turn on

B. turn off

C. turn down

( ) 2. those lights, please. Don’t use so much energy(能源).

A. Take off

B. Put on

C. Turn off

D. Turn on

—How many bananas do we need?

—We need three bananas.

—How much yogurt do we need?

—We need one cup of yogurt.

( ) 3. — milk do you want?

—Three bottles, please.

A. How much

B. How many

C. What

( ) 4. — Do you know how many a horse has and how many a bee has?

— Of course, I know.

A. teeth; feet

B. tooth; foot

C. foot; teeth

D. teeth; foot

( ) 5. — How much tea do you need, Mr. Zhang?

—.

A. Two cups tea

B. Two cup of teas

C. Two cups of tea

( ) 6. There a lot of rain in the area in August every year.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

从括号中选择适当的词汇完成句子。

1. How (many, much) yogurt do you need to make the milk shake?

2. Many foreigners(外国人) want to know how to (do, make) dumplings.

3. We need two (teaspoons, teaspoon) of honey to make the salad.

4. How many (apple, apples) did you eat, Peter?

5. Dad, can I (turn on, open) the TV ? I want to watch the soccer match.

按要求完成下列句型转换。

1. We need to buy two bags of salt for it. (对画线部分提问)

do you need to buy for it?

2. You can put three teaspoons of relish into the bowl. (对画线部分提问)

teaspoons of relish can I put into the bowl?

3. The ice cream is three yuan.(对画线部分提问)

is the ice cream?

4. Don’t peel the bananas first. (改为肯定句)

the bananas first.

5. Shall we make fruit salad? (改为同义句)

fruit salad.

病句门诊:下列各句中均有一处错误,请找出并改正。

1. Do you need go to the doctor today, Peter?

2. How much tomatoes do we have at home?

3. There are two boxes of apple under the table.

4. Put another slices of bread on this plate.

5. In cities there are a lot of cake shops. You can buy bread, sandwich and so on.

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人教版七年级英语知识点汇总

七年级各单元知识点汇总Unit1 My name’s Gina. 重点短语 1.your/his/her/my name 你的/他的/她的/我的名词 2.first name 名字 3.middle school 中学 4.telephone number 电话号码 https://www.360docs.net/doc/b217850566.html,st name 姓 6.in China 在中国 重点句型 1.—What’s your name? 你叫什么名字? —Alan 艾伦 2.—I’m Jenny. Nice to meet you. 我是珍妮。见到你很高兴。—Nice to meet you, too.见到你我也很高兴。 3.—Good morning! I’m Cindy. 早上好!我是辛迪。 —Hello, Cindy! I’m Dale.你好,辛迪!我是戴尔。 4.—My name’s Linda. Are you Helen? 我是琳达。你是海伦吗? 5.—What’s her name? 她叫什么名字? —She’s Jane. 她是简。 6.—Is he Jack? 他是杰克吗? —No, he isn’t. His name’s Mike.不,他不是。他的名字是迈克。 7.What’s your phone number?你的电话号码是多少? It’s 587-6275. 它是587-6275。 8.My friend is in China.我的朋友在中国。 重点语法 1. 2.Be动词的一般现在时形式:am, is, are I用am You 用are Is 用于他他它 Unit2 This is my sister. 重点短语 1.family name 全家福 2.have a good day (表示祝愿)过得愉快! 3. a picture of 一张……的照片 4.in the first phone 在第一张照片里 5.family tree 家庭关系图

初二英语知识点总结

初二英语知识点总结: (一) 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow. (二)should的用法:

八年级各单元英语短语总结

Unit 1 how often 多久一次 on weekends 在周末 go to the movies去看电影watch TV看电视 go skateboarding去滑板 go shopping去购物 do some reading 阅读sometimes 有时 take/do exercise锻炼 always 总是 hardly ever很少,难得usually通常 once a week每周一次 often经常never从不 once a week每周一次 Animal World 动物世界 twice a month每月两次 play soccer踢足球 three times a year 每年三次every day 每天 surf the Internet上网 all students 所有的学生 your favorite program你最喜欢的节目 do homework做作业 some students 一些学生 once or twice a week 每周一两次 three or four times a week 每周三四次 at Green High School 在格林高中 most students 大多数学生no students 没有学生 the result of a survey 调查结果 as for 至于 the result for “watch TV”“看电 视”的调查结果 improve your English 提高你 的英语 junk food 垃圾食品 drink milk 喝牛奶 want sb to do sth 想要某人做 某事 be good/bad for 对……有益/害 of course 当然 how many hours 多少小时 pretty healthy 相当健康 come home from school放学回 家 eating habits 饮食习惯 try to do sth 努力估某事 sleep nine hours every night. 每晚睡九小时觉 look after照顾,照看 get good grades 取得好成绩 have a healthy lifestyle 有一种 健康的生活方式 study better 学得更好 the same as 和……相同 be different from 和……不同 kind of 有点,稍微 maybe 可能,或许 although 虽然,即使,尽管 keep in good health保持良好的 eat less meat少吃肉 Unit 2 What’s the matter with…?…… 怎么啦? have a cold 感冒 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a sore back背疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼 have a fever发烧 lie down and rest躺下休息 hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 see a dentist 看牙医 drink lots of water多喝 lots of 许多 have a toothache牙疼 That’s a good idea好主意 go to bed 去睡觉 feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 start doing/ to do sth开始做某 事 two days ago两天前 get some rest 得到休息 I think so我认为是这样 hope to do sth希望做某事 be stressed out紧张 give sb some advise给某人建 议 listen to music听音乐 have a drink喝点东西 need to do sth 需要做某事 traditional Chinese doctors传 统中医 for example例如

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