高中英语必修3第一单元

1. Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.1) mean v意欲，打算，意味着mean-meaning-meaningful-meaningless考点释义：mean doing sth. 意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事mean + that 表示……be meant for=be meant to do sth 被普遍认为是....打算作……用; 为…而有What do you mean by.....你说的.....,.是什么意思.....mean adj.卑鄙的，吝啬的2)celebrate v.庆祝，颂扬，赞扬celebration n.庆祝celebrity n.名人，名声辨析celebrate/congratulatecelebrate+sth.(仪式、典礼、生日)，指庆祝令人欢乐的事情或日子congratulate+sb.祝贺某人做某事，congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth(2015武汉二模)The three sisters decided to hold a family party to _______ their parents’ silver wedding.A.celebrateB.memorizeC.congratulateD.welcomeThe other day, we got together to_________ _________ ________ the College Entrance Examination.(祝贺她通过)2. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.take place发生；举行(不能用于进行时态，不能用于被动语态)辨析take place, happen, occur, break out, come abouttake place:发生，举行；经过事先安排的事情happen:偶然发生，带有未能预见的意思。

Sth. happen(s) to sb.occur:发生，想起it occurs to sb. that.......break out:战争、火灾、疾病等突然爆发come about:发生，产生,常用于疑问句和否定句，多与how连用与place相关短语：in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点in the last place 最后in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在原来的位置，就位in place of =instead of 代替，用……而不用……take one’s place 找替某人接替某人的位置3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.1) starve vt./vi 饿死，饿得要死starvation n. 挨饿，饿死starve to death/be starved to death 饿死starve to do sth 渴望去做某事starve for 渴望获得，迫切需要，缺乏long for = desirebe starving饿极了2)be+性质形容词+动词不定式主动意义表被动意义，常见形容词有easy, hard, difficult, impossible, pleasant, interesting, dangerous, comfortable等。

(2012辽宁高考)This machine is very easy___________. Anybody can learn to use it in a fewminutes.A.operatingB.to be operatingC.operatedD.to operate(2010四川高考) In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant____________.A.to deal withB.dealing withC.to be dealt withD.dealt with4. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.in memory of=to the memory of纪念，追念，怀念memory-memorize v. 记住have a good/bad memory for sth.善于记……/不善于记……bring back good memories引起对美好往事的回忆within sb.’s memory就某人记忆所及in+n.+of类型的短语in favor of=in support of支持，赞同；对某人有利in face of面临，面对in honor of为纪念……；祝贺……；为了向……表示敬意in celebration of 庆祝in praise of 赞美，歌颂In search of 寻找in charge of 负责，掌握in possession of 拥有，持有in need of 需要in place of=instead of 代替in terms of就....而言They named the school ___________ ___________ _________(为了纪念)him for his great contribution.Can you tell me who is________ ________ ________(负责)the whole company?（2012济南模拟）To our joy, only a small number of people opposed the plan and the majority were ____ it.A in honor ofB in memory ofC in place ofD in favor of5. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones”on them.1) With+宾语+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式现在分词：主动且正在进行的动作过去分词：被动且完成的动作动词不定式：将要发生的动作With time going by, we gained much experience. =As time went by, we gained much experience.2)in the shape of ....以某种形式，呈现某种形式in shape 处于良好状态out of shape 变形，走样With prices________(go) up so fast, we can afford luxuries.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes __________(fix) on the ceiling.6. The western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.1) belief n.信心，信念---believe v.相信，信赖one’s belief is that....= it is one’s belief that....某人相信have(no) belief in (不)相信=.believe in sb.beyond belief 令人难以置信have/hold belief (that....) 相信......shake one’s belief in....动摇某人对....的信心2)origin-original adj.7. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors’ homes to ask for sweets.dress up盛装，打扮，装饰dress up as....打扮成dress sb./oneself in 给....穿衣be dressed in 穿着get dressed=dress oneself 穿衣服dress put on wear穿衣戴帽饰品表情have on (用法状态or 动作)Mary’s husband suggested her _____ a flower to the party.A putting onB having onC wearingD dressing(2015山东省实验中学期中)On Halloween, children in America like to_________ as ghosts to frighten people.A.take upB.make upC.dress upD.turn up8.If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.trick n. play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人vt. trick sb. into doing sth 诱使/骗得某人做某事trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物拓展cheat sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事cheat sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事make fun of 取笑laugh at 嘲笑play a joke/jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑9.In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.arrival n.到来，到达者arrive v. 到达the arrival of....... ......的到达on one’s arrival in/at=on arriving in/at 一到达.....10.India has a national festival on October to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.1) gain v. 获得，得到，受益n.收益，获利，财富gain independence from....脱离....而独立gain a reputation 获得声望gain weight/speed/time 增加体重/加快速度/赢得时间gain one’s respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任gain two minutes (钟表)快两分钟gain by/from...从……中获益gain in 在……方面有所增加或增长2) independence n.独立，自主---depend v.依赖depend on=reply on 依靠，依赖be dependent on 依靠，依赖be independent of 独立于；不受....约束It/that (all) depends. 那得视情况而定辨析gain,obtain,get,acquire, win(1)gain强调经过艰苦的努力而获得成果。