英语课外整理《华夏文化与汉英翻译》
?Week5
?heavy rain 暴雨
?heavy sky 乌云密布的天空?heavy load 重负载
?heavy industry重工业?heavy style晦涩的文体?heavy blow沉重的打击?heavy casualty 惨重的伤亡?heavy fate命运
?heavy news悲痛的消息，坏消息?heavy features浓眉大眼?heavy food难消化的食物?heavy wine烈酒
?heavy eater食量大的人?heavy smoker 烟瘾大的人，老烟枪瘾君子?heavy fire烈火
?heavy crop丰收
?heavy task 繁重的任务
?heavy current强电流
?heavy machine 重机械
?heavy sleep酣睡
?heavy taxes重税
?heavy road 泥泞的路
?heavy applause热烈的掌声
?heavy traffic 拥挤的交通
?heavy sea巨浪
?硬包装， hard package,
?硬笔（书法）， (calligraphical works done with) hard-tipped,
?硬塑料， rigid plastic,
?硬武器， lethal/destructive weapon,
?硬汉， tough/dauntless/unyielding man,
?硬话， strong/harsh words,
?硬功夫， great skill/high proficiency
?硬道理 , absolute principle.
?正式合同：formal contract, written contract, sealed contract, contract
?长纪录片：long documentary
?拥挤的交通：heavy traffic
?强硬的政策：tough policy
?铁一般的事实：hard fact
?供不应求的市场：tight market
?学习知识: acquire/ obtain knowledge ?创奇迹: do/ work wonders ?碰运气: take a chance ?扎根: take root
?打井: dig wells
?受贿: accept a bribe
?提高经济效益: enhance economic performance, increase economic returns
?实现个人价值: realize one’s personal value
?普及义务教育: extend compulsory education
?用发展的眼光看中国: see china in the light of her development
?秦始皇统一了中国，统一了度量衡、文字和钱币。
?Qin Shi Huang unified China and standardized the forms of writing and coinage and weights and measures. ?
?
?I got on horseback within ten minutes after I got your letter. When I got to Canterbury I got a chaise for town, but I got wet through, and have got such a cold that I shall not get rid of it in a hurry. I got to the Treasury about noon, but first of all got shaved and dressed. I soon got into the secret of getting a memorial before the Board, but I could not get one next morning. As soon as I got back to my inn, I got my breakfast, and having got dressed, I got out in time to get an answer to my memorial. As soon as I got it,
I got into a chaise, and got back to Canterbury by three, and got home for tea. I have got nothing for you,
and so adieu.
?：收到你的来信不到十分钟，我就骑上马背出发了。当我到达坎特伯雷后我乘上一辆去城镇的马车，可是我全身都湿透了并且感冒了，应该不能马上就好。中午我到达财政部，但我首先得刮刮脸，换一下衣服。很快我就得知了一个关于在开董事会之前得到请愿书的秘密，但是等到第二天我无法从那得到任何答复了。于是我尽快一回到旅馆就吃早餐，接着把衣服给换了，立刻就出去，取回我那请愿书的答复。一得到答复我就踏上了马车，赶回达坎特伯雷之后已是下午三点，回到家后喝了下午茶。七：我还没为你拿过什么消息回来，我们再会吧。
?
?Week6
?They are as thick as thieves. 他们非常亲密/亲如兄弟/情同手足
?bookish” & “book worm”书卷气，书迷
?上厕所的委婉语
?to go into retreat, to go to one’s private office,to go to the bank, to go to Egypt, to go tap a kidney, to spend a penny, to cash a check,to see a man about a dog, to shake hands with an old friends, to see one’s aunt, to visit the sandbox, to fix one’s face, to powder one’s nose, to do a job for oneself, to do one’s duty/needs/business,to see John, to ease one’s nature, to perform one’s ablution, to pluck a rose, to water the lawn, shake dew off the lily, to shoot a lion, to have a bio-break, to look at those foul verses in Poet’s Corner, to hit and miss, etc.
?Ppt12
?visual surveillance 视觉监控
?surgical strike 外科手术式打击
?air support 空中支援
?strategic movement to the rear 阶段性转移
?strategic village 战略村
?week8:no14
?Some words and expressions are almost always used in the plural form:
?binoculars 双筒望远镜, pants, trousers, scissors, pincers 钳子, pliers 老虎钳, spectacles 眼镜, annals 年报, remains 遗迹，遗体, etc.
? Some terms are habitually plural in form but are treated as singulars:
?the United States, the United Nations, the Philippines, etc.
?week9
?ppt2
生米做成熟饭what’s done is done 意译
2. 癞蛤蟆想吃天鹅肉the toad on the ground wanting to eat the goose in the sky 直译
3. 切片/切碎/腌/去皮slicing/ mincing/ pickling, salting/ skinning, peeling
4. 炒/煎/煮/蒸/煲stir-frying/ pan-frying/ boiling/ steaming/ stewing
5. 叉烧肉/白切鸡/涮羊肉/红烧肉/叫化鸡
barbecued pork, roast pork fillet/ steamed chicken/ instant boiled mutton/ braised pork with brown sauce/ baked mud-coated chicken, beggar’s chicken
6. 知识始自实践。Knowledge begins with practice.
B. 请列举中国著名的八大菜系，并任选一种介绍其特色之处。
Fujian Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Cantonese Cuisine, Beijing Cuisine, Shandong Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, Anhui Cuisine.
Cantonese Cuisine focuses on color, smell, taste, appealing. It has five features: pure, fresh, tender(嫩), flowing texture (滑), crispy (爽). The main methods of making Cantonese foods includes quick-frying爆炒, steaming, boiling, stewing and frying烹.
?Ppt6
?仰卧(俯卧) lie on one’s back (stomach）
?倒立 stand on one’s hand
?蛙泳 breaststroke
?双杠 parallel bars
?活字典 walking dictionary
?内部刊物 restricted publications
?应用题 story problem
?走读生 day student
?非处方药 over-the-counter medicine
?门诊病人 outpatient
?餐具 tableware
?保暖杯 vacuum flask
?汗衫 T-shirt
?秒表 stopwatch
?家谱 family tree
?隐形眼镜 contact lens
?候机室 departure lounge
?
?美人计 honey trap
?
?手扶拖拉机 walking tractor
?乳臭未干 still wet behind the ears
?画蛇添足 put a fifth wheel to the cart
?companion volume 姐妹篇
?glass eye 玻璃假眼，马的一种盲症
?school report 学生成绩报告单
?九五折 five percent discount
?不二价 uniform price
?传销 pyramid sale
?standing clock 座钟
?三角债 debt chain
?一次性筷子 throwaway chopsticks
?一次性杯子 sanitary（卫生的清洁的） cup；disposable cup
?一次性包装 disposable packaging
?
Week13
“He is professional.”他是一个职业拳击手
“She is professional.”她是一个职业妓女
“恨铁不成钢。”
Literal translation:
to regret that it is iron but not steel.
to wish that iron could be turned into steel.
The Connotative meaning:
The speaker is disappointed that someone-usually a loved one-does not do as good as has been expected.
《钢铁是怎样炼成的》 The Making of a Hero’
拦路虎，夜猫子，小馋猫，狐狸精，老狐狸，中山狼，色狼，千里马，笨驴，蠢猪，替罪羊，瘦猴，落汤鸡，铁公鸡，河东狮，井底蛙，旱鸭子，地头蛇，初生牛犊，老黄牛，牛鬼蛇神，狐朋狗友…
English ：silly ass, lame duck, queer fish, early bird, lucky dog, black sheep, dark horse, drowned rat, rat in a hole, etc.
fox(狐狸)—cunning
monkey(猴子)—mischief
wolf(狼)--savageness
走狗，看家狗，哈巴狗，癞皮狗，狗仗人势，狐群狗党，狼心狗肺，狗胆包天，狗屁不通，狗腿子，狗东西，狗头军师，狗急跳墙，狗嘴里吐不出象牙…
(derogatory senses)
jolly dog, top dog, lucky dog, sly dog, clever dog, like a dog with two tails, help a lame dog over a stile, teach an old dog new tricks, Every dog has its day, etc.
(neutral or commendatory implications)
*瓮中之鳖a rat in a hole
*蠢得像猪as stupid as a goose
*胆小如鼠chicken-hearted, pigeon-hearted, as timid as a rabbit
*牛饮drink like a fish
*如鱼得水like a duck to water
*猫哭老鼠shed crocodile tears
*养虎为患warm a sanke in one’s bosom
*杀鸡取卵kill the goose that lays the golden eggs
*热锅上的蚂蚁like a hen on a hot girdle/ like a cat on hot bricks
*骑虎难下hold a wolf by the ear
*非驴非马neither fish, flesh, nor fowl
*公鸭嗓子as hoarse as a crow
*引狼入室set the fox to keep the geese
*宁为鸡头，勿为牛后。better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.
缘木求鱼—fish in the air 水中捞月—cry for the moon 挑雪填井—slough the sands 竹篮打水—make a wild goose chase 问道于盲—hold a candle to the sun
Week14
科举，请安，虚岁，克星，跑龙套，腊八粥，抓周，官倒，低保，钉子户，彩民，团购，下课，转业，离休，卖大号，希望工程，菜篮子工程，精神文明，三个代表，etc.
Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang translated “请安” as “went down on one’s knee in salute”;
But Hawks turned it into “couch one’s hand and knee to the ground in Manchu salute”.
coolie—苦力romantic–罗曼蒂克marathon–马拉松vitamin–维他命shampoo –香波club–俱乐部bowling—保龄球polaroid—拍立得crown–康乐球pump–泵hysteria—歇斯底里utopia—乌托邦simmons—席梦思bandage—绷带
* A kiss planted on the forehead of a young Iranian director by a well-known actress has landed the pair in court and sparked heated protests in the Islamic Republic over physical contact between the sexes.
*[译文]一位年轻的伊朗导演被一位知名的女演员在额头上亲吻了一下，而双双进入法庭，并因在不同性别之间有了肉体的接触而引发了激烈的抗议。
*[赏析]原句一气呵成，这，就是英语！主句(A kiss has landed the pair in court)很短，但附结在主句上的attachments 却成“累累”之势。另外，。。。
*[Counter-Comment]:
* 1. 主动or被动？
* 2. 吻or 亲吻?
* 3. “肉体接触”好，还是“身体接触”好？
* 4.激烈抗议or 强烈抗议？
* 5. “累累”之势is a criticism or praise?
*So there was stunned silence at a film awards ceremony in the central city of Yazd last Friday when respected actress Gohar Kheirandish kissed the forehead of Ali Zamani and shook his hand when presenting the prize for top director.
*[译文]因此，上周五在中心城市Yazd举行的一场电影颁奖典礼上，当受人尊敬的女演员Gohar Kheirandish在给Ali Zamani 颁发最佳导演奖的时候，亲吻了一下他的额头，并和他握了一下手，此刻的颁奖典礼，全场一片惊愕，人们鸦雀无声。
*[赏析]原句出现不可多得的修辞格Transferred Epithet,我们汉语称之为“移就”:stunned silence。请注意，silence 本身不可能stunned，stunned者，全场观众也！遗憾的是，我们汉语不接受stunned silence的直译（如：惊吓的沉默）。我们只得“退，而求其次”，得译成“全场一片惊愕，人们鸦雀无声”。
*[Counter-comment]:
* 1.”中心城市Yazd”？Yazd is a province of Iran, usually translated as 亚兹德（省）.And its provincial capital is also called Yazd.
* 2. 一场典礼sounds awkard. It can be omitted.
* 3. 当…的时候is typical translationese, which should be avoided.
* 4.全场一片惊愕，人们鸦雀无声is over-translation. It can be better translated as 人们一下子惊呆了。
* 5. Transferred epithet can be translated literally sometimes as Chinese also often uses this rhetoric means, such as 必恭必敬的服从(pious obedience),愤怒的子弹(angry bullets),忧心忡忡的夜晚(anxious nights).
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心塞高冷 这些网络热词如何英语翻译
心塞高冷这些网络热词如何英语翻译 心塞高冷：这些网络热词如何英语翻译？ 心塞、高冷、图样图破森等等想必都是大家耳熟能详的网络热词吧，那么它们的英语该怎么表达呢，一起来和小编学习一下吧~~ 心塞 含义：是心肌梗塞的简称。心肌梗塞是一种可怕的病症，但此处不是得了重病的意思，而是指心里堵得慌、难受，对周围发生的不顺心的事感到很不舒服，也可表示对某件事情很无语。 翻译： feel stifled，feel suffocated，have a tight feeling in the chest，或者feel very uncomfortable 例句：After hearing her telling the truth, I suddenly feelsuffocated. 听到她说了实话，我顿时感觉心塞。 图样图森破 含义：是英文 too young，too simple的谐音，是“太年轻、太天真”的意思，常用于鄙视对方水平太低。 例句：How can you believe in such gossip? You are really tooyoung, too simple. 这种谣言你都信，真是图样图森破。 高冷 含义：是高贵冷艳的缩写，形容心高气傲，很酷，自我感觉良好又对他人嗤之以鼻的姿态，通常用来形容女性。
翻译：cold and elegant，an icy beauty，a cold belle等。 例句：Escorted by a large crowd of people, the cold andelegant actress finally appeared. 在众人的簇拥下，表情高冷的女影星终于出现了。 脑残 含义：在网络用语中用于形容愚蠢，言语和行为举止逻辑不通而让人无法理解和不可接受，以及被认为大脑不正常的人。 翻译：brainless，brain-dead,brain-impaired，have a dysfunctional brain等。 例句：Do not talk with him again, he is virtually brainless! 别再跟他说了，他简直就是个脑残! 脑洞大开 含义：就是脑补的意思，指的是给大脑补充了新的知识，含有让人知识大涨、眼界大开等意思。 翻译：greatly enrich one's mind (brain)， greatly open up one's eyes，greatly widen one's horizon等。 例句：This article greatly enriched my mind. 这篇文章让我脑洞大开。 伐开心 含义：就是很生气、很不高兴的意思。 翻译：in a bad mood，very unhappy，angry，moody等。 背景介绍：最近，西安一企业的商业活动邀请了山寨版“高晓松”站台出席，高晓松本人在微博上对此作出回应。他在微博中调侃说道：“3?15刚过，贵企业冒我名公开大办宣传活动，一个山寨高晓松堂而皇之也就算了。可我已经瘦身了好吧!山寨麻烦能不能更敬业一些!并且，本人身高1.78米有体检报告为证。你们为啥找个矮胖子破坏我在广大路人中的形象!无法忍!已经通知律师就身高体重问题严正交涉!最后我补充道：眼镜和靴子麻烦买正牌货好伐!” 例句：Gao Xiaosong was very unhappy to learn that a fake GaoXiaosong appeared in Xi'an and took part in commercial activities there. 山寨“高晓松”西安参加商业活动，高晓松本人回应伐开心。 节操 含义：指原则、正义感的意思。 翻译：moral integrity，moral principle等。该词来源于日本漫画《二色碟》，其中一个角色视钱如命，不择手段，故角色名被中译为“无节操”。“无节操”代表一个人做事没原则，毫无道德可言，为了达到目标可以毫无下限。
经典英语句子_经典语句
经典英语句子 1、Love is not geting but giving. 爱是付出，不是占有。 2、If I cried a tear of painful sorrow,If I lost all hope for a new tomorrow,Would you dry my tear and ease my pain,Would you make me smile once again? 如果我因深深的悲哀而痛哭，如果我已对明天失去了所有的希望，你是否会为我擦去泪水，抚平伤痛，你是否会让我欢颜依旧? 3、If you love the life you live,you will live a life of love. 如果你爱你的生活，你的生活就会充满爱。 4、how do i say i love you? how do i tell you i care? how do i tell you ive missed you, and let you know im here? 我如何说我爱你?我如何告诉你我在乎你?我如何告诉你我一直都在想你?如何让你知道我就在这里? 5、Love cures people both the ones who give it and the ones who receive it. 爱能医人奉献者和接受者皆然。 6、Her gesture, motion, and her smiles,Her wit, her voice my heart beguiles,Beguiles my heart, I know not why,And yet, 1 / 6
英语六级段落翻译常用句型新
英语六级段落翻译常用句型 （一） 1. Sth gradually developed a style which featured…… 某物形成了以……为特色的风格。 2.Sth can be classified into several categories…… 某物可以被分为以下几类。 3.Industrious Chinese laboring people 勤劳的中国人民。 4.China has made great headway in narrowing the gap among different social classes. 中国在缩小不同社会阶层间的差距方面也在努力。 5.The core of “harmonious society” is“human-centered,” which means the improvement of people’s livelihood. 和谐社会的核心是以人为本,这就意味着要促民生。 6. We not only aspire to build China into a prosperous, strong and modern socialist country, but also into a democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious one. 我们不只是希望把中国建设为现代,繁荣和富强的社会主义国家,而且使中国成为文化先进的,民主的和和谐的国家。 7. During the long course of history, the Chinese people have, working with diligence, bravery and wisdom, created a beautiful homeland where all ethnic groups live in harmony, and developed a great and dynamic culture 在漫长的历史进程中,中国人民依靠自己的勤劳、勇敢、智慧,开创了民族和睦共处的美好家园,培育了历久弥新的优秀文化。 8. Chinese nation has made an indelible contribution to
历年英语六级翻译试题与复习资料
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课后单词整理
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英语六级最常考的翻译句子 1During the meeting,hardly had he begun to speak when t he audience interrupted him 他一开始说话，就被听众打断了 2 surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had no choices but to surrender on the spot (没有选择，只能投降) 3The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son's h aving been admitted to the university(她的儿子被大学入取了) 4The lecture was so boring that the students couldn't help yawning(学生忍不住打起哈欠) 5I?ll be very grateful if you could be kind enough to give me a ride to school(好心载我一程去学校) 6 (除非你和保险公司签订了货物保险合同)Unless you sig n a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in deli very. 7It is reported that local health organization was establish ed 25 years ago(据说当地的卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr. Mark became its first president. 8Mrs.Smith shut the window lest the noise outside (should) interfere with her son's sleep(外面的噪声会影响她儿子睡觉) 【音标】：[,int?'fi?] 1. 妨碍;冲突;抵触[(+with)] 2. 介入;干涉,干预
英语六级历年最全翻译
英语六级翻译冲刺特训 1. This is yet _________________ (两国人民的又一个共同点). 2. His scientific works _______________(在英语国家得到广泛阅读). 3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________(改革也是解放生产力). is optimistic ________________(对现时信息产业的发展状况). in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________(服务于经济发展的进程). 1. another common point between the people of our two countries 解析：本题考查通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是"共同点"是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一，再如：她以教书为业。(She is a teacher by occupation.)我已重新考虑了那件事。(I've had second thought on that matter.) 2. were widely read in English-speaking countries 解析：若是按照字面翻译，这句话很可能被译为were widely read in English countries。但是原文中"英语国家"的含义是"讲英语的国家"。这体现了英汉表达差异。请考生看下面这句话的英译：我卖掉了彩电。/I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清"彩电"的含义。"彩电"有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。而句子中卖掉的只能是机器，具体的实物。 3. and so does reform 解析：本题意为：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。考点有二：第一，考查词性转移。原文中"解放"用作动词，"生产力"作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语"对生产力的解放"。第二，考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得臃肿累赘。为避免重复，可以选用and so does...来代替这个动宾结构。 4. about the present development of information industry 解析："对......表示乐观"可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。"状况"是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。 5. serve the economic development 解析："服务于......"即"为......服务"，所以要用serve sb./ sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。"