托福阅读分课课题类词汇
托福考试阅读理解必背单词
托福考试阅读理解必背单词托福考试阅读理解必背单词单词是考生参加托福考试的必背的部分，更是阅读理解部分的基础。
下文是店铺为大家搜集整理的托福考试中阅读理解部分的必背单词，欢迎大家阅读参考!托福阅读理解的'必背单词：地理学Tropic of Capricorn 南回归线The tropics 热带地区The temperate zone温带The frigid zone寒带Hemisphere半球pole 极点Polar circle 极圈The Arctic 北极区The Antarctic 南极地区The primemeridian南极地区The Arctic circle 北极圈The Antarctic circle南极圈frost 冰冻，严寒Atmosphere大气层spell轮替Climate气候Temperature气温precipitation降水;冰雹托福阅读理解的必背单词：数学power 乘方square 平方division 除法divide 除以algepa 代数quantity 表示量的数(或符号)equation 方程式，等式formula 公式root 根geometry 几何geometric 几何的dimension 维parallel adj. 平行的 n. 平行线quadrilateral 四边形托福阅读理解的必背单词：海洋学tentacle 触须organism 微生物tissue 组织sea-floor spreading 海床扩展diminish 减少continental shelf 大陆架continental island 大陆岛exoskeleton 外骨骼symbiotic 共生关系gulf 海湾cove 小海湾harbor 海港coast 海岸cape 海角island 岛islet 小岛volcanic island 火山岛archipelago 群岛isthmus 地峡。
托福口语专项词汇
托福口语专项词汇一、教育类。
1. curriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm]（n. 课程）2. assignment [əˈsaɪnmənt]（n. 作业；任务）3. lecture [ˈlektʃə(r)]（n. 讲座；讲课；v. 开讲座；讲课）4. tutorial [tjuːˈtɔːriəl]（n. 辅导课；指南；教程；adj. 辅导的）5. semester [sɪˈmestə(r)]（n. 学期）6. grade [ɡreɪd]（n. 成绩；等级；年级；v. 评分；分等级）7. discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn]（n. 学科；纪律；训练；处罚；v. 训练；处罚；使有纪律）8. compulsory [kəmˈpʌlsəri]（adj. 必修的；强制的；义务的）9. optional [ˈɒpʃənl]（adj. 可选择的；选修的）二、社交类。
1. acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns]（n. 熟人；相识）2. friendliness [ˈfrendlɪnəs]（n. 友好；友善）3. hospitality [ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti]（n. 好客；殷勤）4. party [ˈpɑːti]（n. 聚会；政党；当事人；v. 为…举行社交聚会）5. get - together [ˈɡet təˈɡeðə(r)]（n. 聚会；联欢会）6. socialize [ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz]（v. 交往；社交；使社会化）7. clique [kliːk]（n. 小集团；派系；私党）8. acquaintance - making [əˈkweɪntəns ˈmeɪkɪŋ]（n. 交友；结识）三、文化类。
1. heritage [ˈherɪtɪdʒ]（n. 遗产；传统）2. custom [ˈkʌstəm]（n. 风俗；习惯；海关）3. tradition [trəˈdɪʃn]（n. 传统；惯例）4. festival [ˈfestɪvl]（n. 节日；庆祝活动）5. ceremony [ˈserəməni]（n. 典礼；仪式）6. art [ɑːt]（n. 艺术；美术；技艺）7. literature [ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)]（n. 文学；文献）8. music [ˈmjuːzɪk]（n. 音乐）四、工作类。
托福阅读重点词汇分享
托福阅读重点词汇分享托福阅读重点词汇总结1perspective 透视画法;观点，方法;前景，远景prospect 前景，景色;前途;勘探，寻找appreciate 理解，认识，意识到;欣赏;感激elaborate v. &adj. 精心制作，详细描述;精心制作的 address v.从事，忙于;n. 演讲appropriate v. 拨给资金，盗用/ adj.合适的strain n. 血统，品系，菌株;紧张，张力;v.扭伤，拉紧 article n. 物品，商品intrigue v. &n 激发兴趣;密谋;阴谋intriguing adj. 激发兴趣的assume v. 承担，担任;假装;假设bark n. 树皮; 犬吠bill n.议案，法案; .鸟嘴;账单champion vt. 支持，拥护;n.冠军aging n.老化，陈酿complex n. 综合体 adj.复杂的托福阅读重点词汇总结2concern n. 公司垄断组织“康采恩”就是它的音译attribute v. &n 归因于;特征，属性default n. &v. 不履行;违约;拖欠;默认值drill vt. 钻孔;训练，操练exploit v. 开发，利用n. 功绩fair n. 集市，交易会;adj.公平的，美丽的 adv.公平地，直接地 fairly adv. 相当地，公平地game n. 猎物，野味;fashion vt. 形成，塑造 n.时尚，方式inviting adj. 引人注目的，吸引人的alternate v. &adj. 交替，轮流; 交替的托福阅读重点词汇总结3alternating adj.交互的，交替的alternative n. &adj. 可供选择的方案option;选择性的optionalfigure n. 人物;体形hit n. 轰动一时的人物或作品vt. 偶然碰见find n. 发现物spring v. &n 跃出，触发;弹簧，弹性;泉水humor n.体液import v. &n 重要;进口preserve v. &n. 禁猎区;蜜饯;保护quality adj. &n 1.优质的;性质，品质issue v. &n. 流出; 出版，发行;问题jar v. &n 震动;坛子envision v.想象，预想literature n. 文献;文学lot n. 一块地;命运，签fine adj. 细小的，美好的;v.罚款minute adj. 微小的，细小的novel adj. 新颖的casual 偶然的，随便的托福阅读重点词汇总结4causal 原因的，因果关系的pound v. 猛击;乱敲rear v. &n饲养，栽培;后面的produce n. 产品尤指农产品project v. &n使突出，伸出;放映，投射;方案，工程relief n. 凸起,浮雕;痛苦减轻，安慰provided conj. 倘若，在…条件下。
2023年托福阅读专项词汇积累整理
2023年托福阅读专项词汇积累整理大家都知道拥有一个丰富的词汇量对于托福的阅读特别有利，为了关心大家积累词汇，下面我给大家带来托福阅读专项词汇积累，感谢支持。
托福阅读专项词汇积累11 jurisdiction privilege sovereignty autonomy2 individualism capitalism3 condiment ingredient kitchen picnic barbecue cuisine4 nonsense dialogue gossip dialect5 radius diameter6 opera drama tragedy comedy7 maxim allegory legend myth8 coarse tough crude9 complex complicated intricate perplexing10 innate impulsive instinctive spontaneous11 pervasive typical universal ubiquitous12 accidental random haphazard13 devour gorge swallow14 scent aroma15 balmy fragrant16 breeze gust storm hurricane tornado17 precipitation ,torrential rain18 tyrannical dictatorial autocratic19 constrain compel force20 adjacent adjoining neighboring21 boundary border brim rim dege fringe frontier margin periphery 托福阅读专项词汇222 confine circumscribe restrict limit23 solitary isolated lonely24 amplify magnify enlarge25 mitigate relieve abate alleviate26 diminish lessen reduce decrease27 convincing persuasive28 pray seek implore29 pursue woo seek30 appeal accuse charge31 crucial essential significant critical32 primary radical fundamental33 fellowship scholarship stipend34 accurate exact precise35 obscure vague36 frighten threaten terrify37 emphasize highlight underscore underline38 ignore neglect overlook39 penetrate pierce puncture40 adhere cling stick41 cohesive adhesive42 hygiene sanitation health43 abundant, myriads of, exuberant prolific profuse ample luxuriant rich plentiful44 summit climax maximum peak top托福阅读专项词汇345 fine tiny minuscule minute46 gigantic colossal tremendous enormous immense prodigious massive Herculean titanic huge47 proximity intimacy affinity48 adverse hostile opposed49 contend compete strife50 competitor antagonist opponent adversary rival51 betray renounce52 rebellious defiant53 fidelity loyalty faithfulness adherence54 traditional conventional customary55 grumble complain lament56 gibe ridicule deride jeer sneer57 insult humiliate58 libel defame traduce disparage59 prestige fame reputation distinction note60 compliment extol praise61 blame condemn denounce62 remove rid cancel eliminate63 impair devastate ruin disfigure64 abolish terminate annul repeal65 erect build establish托福阅读专项词汇466 provoke foment prompt instigate agitate incite67 eager yearning anxious desirous avid wistful68 enthusiasm passion zeal zest favor ardor fervency69 frenzy fanatical cordial crazy maniac70 composure equanimity71 indifferent impassive nonchalant uninterested apathetic72 relentless merciless ruthless pitiless73 curious inquisitive nosy74 calm tranquil serene still quiescent sedate placid quiet75 violent vehement furious76 shout yelp rant howl bawl scream yell clamor77 concern anxiety apprehension78 chaos disorder confusion mess disarrangement disarray turmoil79 riot turbulence commotion80 rebellion revolt insurrection insurgence81 astonish astound startle amaze surprise82 soothe comfort placate appease pacify solace conciliate83 representative representation delegate deputy commissary deputation84 convivial exalted delightful blithe exultant jubilant joyous gleeful hilarious85 rapture ecstasy ravish elation托福阅读专项词汇586 anguish, distress, suffering, agony, grief, misery, sorrow, torment, torture87. incense, irritate, rage, enrage, outrage, fret, fury, wrath, exasperate88. marvelous miraculous mysterious cryptic indecipherable89. clumsy awkward gauche90. adept deft agile nimble adroit skillful91.deceit cheat fraud deception92.deceive beguile defraud cheat93. cordial sincere94. novice tyro beginner greenhand95. crafty cunning sneaky sly96. strategy trick scam artifice conspiracy97. admit acknowledge own avow98. reveal disclose unveil discover99. conceal hide disguise shroud100. austere thrifty frugal shrewd101. sumptuous luxurious lavish102. primitive primordial initial original primeval primary103. ultimately finally eventually104 daring brave intrepid courageous dauntless valiant valorous gallant heroic105 panacea elixir106 heal remedy cure托福阅读专项词汇积累文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
托福阅读考试高频词汇
托福阅读考试高频词汇很多学生会选择店铺，那么托福阅读考试高频词汇有哪些呢?跟着一起来看看吧!下面是小编收集的有关托福阅读考试高频词汇的资讯，欢迎阅读。
托福阅读考试高频词汇(一)glacier n.冰川interval n.时间间隔lodge n.小屋mantle n.地幔margin n.(湖，池等的)边缘offshore adj.海面上的，远离岸的orbit n.轨道range n.山脉，多山的地区mountain rangemountain chainknot n.山脉的交结点summit，top，crest，peak n.山顶ravine n.峡谷canyon n.峡谷gorge n.峡谷crevice n.断裂precipice n.悬崖cliff n.悬崖receptacle n.接受器，容器，储存器remnant n.残余物ridge n.脊背sediment n.沉淀物slope n.斜坡tectonics n.构造学topography n.地形学，地貌学tunnel n.隧道，地道apply v.应用cluster v.丛生，群聚collide v.碰撞compact v.压紧，固结concentrate v.集中conduct v.传导demolish v.破坏，粉碎diffuse v.传播，扩散dispose v.处理，处置distribute v.散布，分布drill v.钻孔，钻通eliminate v.排除erode v.侵蚀evaporate v.蒸发extract v.开采，提炼hem v.给……镶边，包围hypothesize v.假设insulate v.隔离melt v.融化impertinent adj.无关，鲁莽，不相干impenitent adj.不悔悟的 n.不悔悟的人nonchalant adj.冷淡的，满不在乎的immobile adj.静止的 n.稳定breeze n.微风frost n.霜seep v.渗漏plummet v.骤然跌落fine shadow n.细微的差别black gold n.石油black diamond n.煤as……go n.和……相比skull n.头骨cranial adj.头盖的earthquake n.地震seismic adj.地震的succint/concise/terse adj.简洁的furnace n.暖气mundane adj.ordinaryoverlook v.neglect托福阅读考试高频词汇(二) impertinent adj.无关，鲁莽，不相干impenitent adj.不悔悟的 n.不悔悟的人nonchalant adj.冷淡的，满不在乎的immobile adj.静止的 n.稳定breeze n.微风frost n.霜seep v.渗漏plummet v.骤然跌落fine shadow n.细微的差别black gold n.石油black diamond n.煤as……go n.和……相比skull n.头骨cranial adj.头盖的earthquake n.地震seismic adj.地震的succint/concise/terse adj.简洁的furnace n.暖气mundane adj.overlook v.源：考试大阅读词组精选on the right track——well on one's waywhales on the beach n.不呆在该呆的位置上be engrossed in/be absorbed in/in absession with/concentrate on 表全神贯注urban crowding n.城市人口集中化social stress n.社会压力pilot reclamation project n.试验性改造工程be indulged in 沉迷于分组词汇精选Geologycanal n.运河core n.地核crater n火山口crust n.地壳cycle n.天体的循环dam n.水坝debris n.碎片，岩屑deformation n.变形diversity n.多样性edge n.边缘，边界erosion n.腐蚀，侵蚀eruption n.爆发，火山灰former n.形成者，模型frontier n.边界，新开发的地带funnel n.漏斗。
托福阅读分类的词汇
托福阅读分类的词汇exposedto—subjectto暴露于－使经受，使遭受extend—increase延长－增加，扩大extend—stretch延伸－伸展extol—praise赞美－赞扬extract—remove提取，去掉－清除faction—side帮派－一方fade(from)—disappear(from)淡出－消失fashion—create制作－创造fatal—deadly致命的－致命的feed—put填入－放入fine—minute细小的－微小的firstrank—highestquality顶级的－最高档次的fixture—monplaceobject固定设备－常规物体flatter—pliment奉承－赞美forage—feed喂草料－喂食forward-looking—progressive有远见的－进步的frame—pose给…设框－使摆好姿势fundamental—basic基本的－基本的fuse—bine融合－联合gap—opening裂缝－裂缝givewayto—turninto被…所替代－转变为glow—shine发光－发光hard—firm坚硬的－坚硬的hemisphere—side半球－一侧herald—announce预示，宣布－预示，宣布homogeneous—uniform同源的－一致的imitate—copy模仿－复制immunity—protection免疫－保护implement—tool工具－工具implication—significance内涵－含义，意义impose—demand强加（要求）－要求inplaceof—insteadof代替－代替inadequate—deficient不充分的－缺乏的，不足够的incise—carve切割－雕刻inclination—preference爱好，倾向－爱好induce—cause导致－导致inevitable—ineluctable不可避免的－不可避免的influx—arrival流入－到达ingot—ablockofmetal金属锭－一块金属inhibit—hinder阻止－妨碍initially—atfirst最初－第一。
托福阅读学科类术语汇总最终版.doc
托福阅读学科类术语汇总新托福阅读的考试就好像我们学习学科一些样，总一些偏科的学生，也总有一些难以攻克的学科，下面小马编辑为大家整理了一些托福阅读备考中同学们头疼的学科术语，供大家学习。
1. 人：学术型的新托福阅读中最常出现的就是各种科学家，以ist和er结尾居多。
例如：anthropologist，archaeologist，paleontologist，zoologist，geographer，astronomer(人类学家，考古学家，古生物学家，动物学家，地理学家，天文学家)这类的词汇大家无需记住拼写，只要在阅读中出现可以辨认就足以。
在面对未知的专有名词时，至少要判断他们存在于那个学科，才好进行下一步的推理。
2. 地质、地貌：这类文章在新托福阅读学术中比重很大，建议大家对常用词汇进行积累。
例如：volcano，layer，conglomerate，karst，porous，permeable，meteorolite，asteroid火山，(地)层，砾岩，喀斯特地貌(石灰岩的一种地形)，多孔的(有透气性与透水性)，可渗透的，陨石，小行星3. 气候、动物与生态：与生物和地球有关的话题是新托福阅读永远的宠儿。
例如：unpredictable，vary，range from，extinction，endangered，tropical，jungle，equatorial不可预测的，改变(动词)，变化幅度(动词)，灭绝，濒危的，热带的，丛林，赤道附近的4. 历史、考古，这类题材是分水轮流转的对象，也要加以注意。
尤其是历史文章的考法不是单纯的讲古，而是从各个层面切入，有很多的表现形式。
可能是古人类的迁徙，那就是人类历史。
贸易和交通运输的发展，那就是经济史，等等。
例如，relics，remains，mausoleum，handicraft，cohesiveness，territorial，civilization遗迹，遗迹或残骸，陵墓，手工艺品，凝聚性，领土的，文明5. 关键副词，这类词往往很不显眼，但是会左右整个句子的含义，他们是最需要加以注意的对象。
常用托福TOEFL阅读词汇大全
常用托福TOEFL阅读词汇大全考托福TOEFL是很多人的梦想所以摘录这些常用词汇是用来自己备考托TOEFL福用的都是自己整理过的以字母A至Y的顺序排开现在拿出来与友分享希望大家喜欢！包括和TOEFL词汇精选17天巧记！ advocate proponent n. 倡导者；辩护者 aesthetically artistically ad. 审美地；美学地accumulate collect v. 聚集 adhere stick v. 黏附；胶着adjunct addition n. 附加物 aided helped v. 帮助alert wary a. 机敏的 alter change v. 改变；调整alternative option n. 替代；替代物 altogether pletely ad. 完全地 ancillary secondary a. 附属的；辅助的accessible available a. 可用的 accordingly for that reason ad. 因此 accordingly consequently ad. 因此account explain v. 解释；说明 account for explain v. 解释说明 account for explain v. 解释说明 accumulate collect v. 积累；积聚 accumulate collect v. 聚集adhere stick v. 黏附；胶着 adjunct addition n. 附加物administered managed v. 管理 adorn decorate v. 装饰adversely negatively ad. 不利地；有害地 annihilateconquer v. 消灭；征服 antagonist enemy n. 对手；敌人antecedent predecessor n. 先辈 anticipate lookforward to v. 期待；盼望 apace with as fast as 快速的 appealing attractive a. 吸引人的 apply used for v. 应用；适用 appreciated recognized v. 赏识appreciation recognition n. 鉴赏；鉴别 aptly appropriately ad. 适当地 arduous difficult a. 艰巨的；艰苦的 article object n. 物品物体 ascend climb v. 攀升；升高 assemble gather v. 装配；组合 assemble bring together v. 装配；组合 assortment variety n. 形形色色；各式各样 assumption belief n. 确信的想法attachment preference for n. 依恋；偏好 attained achieved v. 达到 attained reached v. 达到 attendant acpanying n. 服务员 attire clothing n. 衣着；盛装attribute credit v. 被认为；被鉴定 attribute characteristics n. 特征 avail make use v. 有用 avid eager a. 渴望的；热心的 barren infertile a. 贫瘠的；不毛的 besides in addition to prep. 除此之外 bias prejudice n. 偏见；嗜好 bias prejudice n. 偏见；嗜好bind tie v. 捆；绑；使结合 boosted raised v. 提高推进bound limit n. 范围；界限 bound held v. 限制 breakdeparture from n. 决裂；破裂 brief look glance n.瞥视；浏览 bring about cause v. 导致；引起 brittle easily broken a. 易碎的 calculate determine v. 计算；确定 came to the forefront became impotant carried on continued v. 继续 carry support v. 支撑；支持cease stop v. 停止；结束 celebratory full of praise n. 颂扬 celestial astronomical a. 天空的；天上的 chance unplanned a. 偶然的；碰巧的 characteristics qualities n. 性质特性 chronicle describe v. 记述 classify categorize v. 分类 clear unobstructed a. 畅通的；无阻的 clue information n. 线索；信息 clue information n. 线索；信息 cluster group v. 成群 coarse rough a. 粗糙的 coarse crude a. 粗糙的 coin create v. 创造；杜撰 coincide with happen at the same time ad. 同时 e of age establish itself v. 达到法定年龄；确立自身地位parably similarly ad. 可比地；相当地 ponent parts n. 部分 pose focus on v. 创作；创造 prise consist of v. 包含；包括 concealed covered a. 隐藏着的 concentrate cluster v. 集中；积聚 conclusive definitive a. 最后的conitant with in conjunction with ad. 协同 concrete specific a. 具体的；特定的 configuration arrangementn. 结构；形状 confine limit v. 限制；局限 confine restrict v. 限制 confirm uphold v. 证实；确认conflicting opposing a. 冲突的；抵触的 conjectural based on guessing a. 猜测的；推测的 consequenceresult n. 结果 conserve store v. 保存；保护 conserve retain v. 保存；保护 considerable large a. 很重要的；很大的 considerable substantial a. 很重要的；很大的considerable much a. 很重要的；很大的 considerable great a. 相当大的 consistent constant a. 持续的consorted associated v. 结交 conspicuous noticeable a. 显著的 constituent ponent n. 成分；要素 constitute make up v. 构成；组成 consumed eaten v. 吃掉consumption eat n. 消费；消耗 contemporary existing a. 当代的；现有的 contemporary written at that time n.同时代 convergence gathering n. 聚集 convert change v. 转换 converted changed v. 转变 correspondingly similarly ad. 相应地；对应地 count weigh v. 有价值；有分量 counteract negate v. 抵消；反作用 counterpart version n. 复本；对应物 crisscross move back andforth v. 穿梭；交错往来 critical judge of fine arts connoisseur n. 鉴赏家；评论家 crucial important a. 重要的 cumbersome burdensome a. 麻烦的；笨重的 den moisten v. 使潮湿 daring bold a. 勇敢的；大胆的 deft skilled a. 熟练的；灵巧的 deliberate careful a. 审慎的；仔细的 demand require v. 要求；需求 demise death n. 死亡 demonstrate show v. 表明；证实 dense thick a. 稠密的；浓厚的 depress lower v. 压低；使沮丧 derive obtain v. 得到 derived from based on v. 基于detectable measurable a. 可察觉的；易发现的detectable apparent a. 可察觉的；易发现的 detecting finding v. 探测 devastated ruined a. 毁坏的；被破坏的developing evolving a. 发展的；演化的 devote to dedicate v. 致力于；献身于 devote to specializing in v. 致力于；献身于 dictate determine v. 指示；决定dictate determine v. 确定；决定 diffuse travel v. 扩散；传播 disaster catastrophe n. 灾难 discard getrid of v. 丢弃；抛弃 dispute argument n. 争论；争执disseminate spread/impart v. 散布；传播 distinct separate a. 清晰的；不同的 distinct separate a. 清晰的；不同的 distinct different a. 独特的；不同的divergence difference n. 差异；变化 diversedissimilar a. 多种多样的；不一样的 diverse varied a.不同的 diverse different a. 不同的 dividing line boundary n. 边界；分界线 do sth. Repeatedly iterate v. 重复；反复 domain field n. 领域；范围 domain region n. 领域；范围 dominate be prevalent in v. 支配；控制dramatic striking a. 戏剧性的；显著的 drastic radical a. 激烈的；猛烈的 drastically severely ad. 激烈的draw attract v. 吸引 draw attract v. 吸引 draw instruct v. 引导 durability endurance n. 经久耐久durable long-lasting a. 持久的；耐用的 dwelling house n. 住处；寓所 eager enthusiastic a. 热心的 easily moved portable a. 轻便的；可携带的 easily moved portable a. 轻便的；可携带的 effect influence v. 影响；效果 efficiency effectiveness n. 效力elaborately done in great detail ad. 详尽地；精心地elevate promote v. 提高；提升 elicit bring out v. 引出 embraced weled v. 欢迎 emerge appear v. 浮现；出现 emit give off v. 发出 emitting producing v. 生产发行 emphasize stress v. 强调 employ use v. 雇佣；应用 enable allow v. 使能够；使可能 enable help v.使能够；使可能 enactment performance n. 演出；表演enpass include v. 包含 end goal n. 末端；目的engaged hired v. 雇佣 ensures guarantees v. 保证entire whole a. 全部的 entity object n. 实体；存在entomb trap v. 埋葬；设陷阱 era period of time n. 时期 eradicate eliminate v. 除去；消除 erroneous ideas misconception n. 误解；错误观念 erroneouslyidentified as mistake v. 误以为；误认为 essence basic nature n. 基本 essential fundamental a. 基本的establish create v. 设立；创作 estimated judged v. 鉴定 evidence indicate n. 迹象；预示 exalted superior a. 高贵的；崇高的 excavate dig v. 挖掘；开凿excavating digging v. 挖掘 execute create v. 造成；制成；履行；执行 exercise utilize v. 行使利用 exert cause v. 引起；产生 exorbitant expensive a. 昂贵的expendable unprofitable a. 没有用的 expose subject to v. 使暴露；暴露于 expose uncover v. 使暴露；暴露于extend stretch v. __；扩展 extend increase v. __；扩展 extol praise v. 赞美 extolled praised v. 赞美extract remove v. 提取；取得 extract remove v. 提取；取得 extract remove v. 根除移除 extraordinary supreme a. 非凡的；极度的 fabricate make v. 制作；装配 fabricating constructing v. 制作构建 faction siden. 小派系 fashion create v. 造成引起 fatal deadly a. 致命的 favor prefer v. 喜爱 favored perferred n. 喜爱 feed put v. 供给；供应 feel detect v. 察觉；感觉finding scientific discovery fixture monplace object n. 固定设备；附属装置 flamed burned a. 燃烧的flattering plimentary a. 称赞的；奉承的 flourished thrived n. 茂盛 forage feed v. 搜索；寻找食物formidable difficult a. 艰难的 forward-looking progressive a. 向前看的；有远见的 frame pose v. 构造；提出 freeing releasing n. 解除释放 functional usable a. 合用的 fundamental basic a. 基础的；基本的gambit calculated risk n. 策略；谋略 gap open n. 缺口；缝隙 give way to turn into v. 让位；变成glowing shining a. 光亮的 good name reputation n. 名声；名誉 graphic vivid a. 生动的 grumbled plained v. 抱怨 hard firm a. 坚硬的；牢固的 hard to deal with stubborn a. 执拗的；固执的 heart center n. 中心hemisphere side n. 半球；半边 henceforth from that time on ad. 自此以后 herald announce v. 预示；预报hinged on depended on v. 依靠 hinterland region n. 地方；区域 ideal perfect a. 完美的 identical exactlyalike a. 同样的 imitate copy v. 模仿；伪造 immunity protection n. 保护 immutable unchangeable a. 不变的impediment obstacle n. 妨碍；阻碍 imperceptiblysubtly ad. 不可觉察地；极缓慢地 implement tool n. 工具；器械 implication significance n. 含义；意义imposing demanding a. 紧迫的；紧急的 in place of instead of ad. 代替 in reality actually n. 实际上；事实上 inaccessible unreachable a. 难接近的；难达到的inception beginning n. 起初 incinerate burn up v. 烧毁 incised carved a. 雕刻的 inclination preference n. 倾向；偏好 incorporate bine v. 结合；合并 influx arrival n. 流入；到达 ingenuity resourcefulness n. 机灵 inhibit hinder v. 阻止；阻碍 initiate start v. 开始；引发 initiate cause v. 开始；引发 innovation new idea n. 创新；革新 innovative new a. 创新的insignificant unimportant a. 不重要的 instance case n. 实例；例证 integral essential a. 整体的；不可缺少的integral fundamental a. 基本的 intense extreme a. 强烈的；剧烈的 intensive concentrated a. 加强的集中的intent goal n. 目的 intent purpose n. 目的interchangeable equivalent a. 相等的；可互换的intervals periods n. 周期 intervention influence n. 干涉；影响 intricate plex a. 复杂的 intriguing attractive a. 迷人的 invade move into v. 侵入inviting attractive a. 吸引人的；诱人的 justify prove v. 辩护；证实 key important laborious difficult a. 费力的 lie be located v. 位于 load weight n. 重担locale place n. 场所 lured attracted v. 吸引引诱magnify intensify v. 放大；强化 maintain preserve v. 维持；坚持 maintain preserve v. 维持；坚持maintain keep v. 维持；坚持 mandated required v. 要求 margin edge n. 边；边缘 marked pronounce a. 明显的；显著的 marked noticeable a. 显著的 means method n. 方法 merely only ad. 仅仅地只不过 meteoric rapid a. 迅速的 meticulously careflly ad. 小心地minuscule tiny a. 很小的；微小的 minute tiny a. 微小的；细微的 modifying changing v. 修改；变化monopolize dominate v. 独占；占优势 moreover furthermore ad. 此外 moreover in addition ad. 另外motif design n. 图案；花纹 mundane ordinary a. 世俗的；普通的 myriad many a. 许多的；无数的 nascent immature a. 新生的；初生的 nevertheless however ad.然而；仍然 norm standard n. 标准 noted observed v.注意到 noticed announced v. 宣告通告 notwithstanding despite prep. 尽管 noxious harmful a. 有害的；有毒的obtain get v. 获得；取得 obtain acquire v. 获得；取得obtain acquire v. 获得 obvious apparent a. 明显的；显而易见的 optimal best a. 最佳的 ornate elaborate a. 华丽的 outbreak beginning n. 爆发；开始 outline summarizing v. 总结；概括 outstanding excellent a. 杰出的；显著的 over great distances faraway a. 遥远之处overtaken surpassed v. 赶上超越 peak maximum a. 最高的；高峰的 peculiar strange a. 奇特的 perate go through v. 穿透；透过 people in the play actor n. 演员；剧中人物 periphery outer edge n. 外围 persist continue v. 持续 personal magism charisma n. 个人魅力pertinent relevant a. 有关的 phenomena event n. 现象；事件 pick up follow v. 寻找；寻路 pictureimagine n. 图片 pit hole n. 坑；洼地 plunge dropn./v. 投入陷入 ponderous heavy a. 笨重的 pore hole n. 毛孔；细孔 position job n. 职位；职务 potential possible a. 潜在的；可能的 precarious uncertain a. 不稳定的 precise accurate a. 精确的 prefer favor v. 偏好；喜欢 preside manage v. 负责；统辖 presumably probably ad. 大概 prevailed dominated v. 成功统治prevailing most frequent a. 盛行的；流行的 prevailing dominant a. 主要的占优势的 prevent avoid v. 制止；阻止 primarily chiefly ad. 主要地 primary fundamental a. 基本的；初步的 prior to preceding a. 在先；居前 prized valued a. 贵重的 probe explore v. 探察 produce butter n. 产物；产品 prolific productive a. 多产的 prolific fruitful a. 多产的prominent distinguished a. 显著的；卓越的 prominent famous a. 著名的 proponent supporter n. 支持者prototype model n. 原型；范例 protrude project v. 突出；伸出 pry off locate v. 查找 puncture pierce v. 刺穿；刺破 pursue chase v. 追赶 raise rear v. 饲养；养育 random unpredictable a. 不可知的 rather instead ad. 相反；相反地 readily easily ad. 容易地realization awareness n. 认识；意识 reap accept v. 收获；接受 rear raise v. 培养；饲养 reckless irresponsible a. 不负责任的 recorded documented a. 已纪录的 recruit enlist v. 征募；补充 refreshing unusual a. __的；清爽的 regardless of no matter whata. 不管 relate connect v. 相关；关联 reliance dependence n. 依靠 remarkable significant a. 异常的；非凡的 representative typical a. 典型的 resemble be similar to v. 相似；类似 resolve find a solution for v. 解决 resort to using v. 采用 revered respected v. 尊敬 revise change v. 修正；改造 robust strong a. 强健的；坚强的 roll back reduce v. 压低；减少 rotate alternate v. 轮流；更迭 rotate turn v. 轮流；更迭 rotting decaying v. 腐烂 roughly approximately ad. 概略地；大约 rudimentary undeveloped a. 原始的；简单的 rupture burst v. 破裂；裂开 rushing rapid a. 急流的 sanitation health n. 卫生；健康状态 saturate soak v. 浸透；饱和 saying two opposite things paradox n. 悖论；隽语 scale measure n./v. 刻度/测量 scarce rare a. 稀有的 scarcely barely ad. 稀缺；珍贵 scope extent n. 范围 scorched burned v. 烧焦 score musical positions n. 乐谱scurrying rushing v. 急赶 secure acquire v. 获得；取得 secure safe ad. 安全的 sedentary inactive a. 不移栖的 sentiment opinion n. 意见；观点 serve as function as v. 充当；担任 set establish v. 确定；安置 settle decide v. 决定；解决 settled stabled a. 固定的 severe poverty indigence n. 贫困；赤贫 shield protect v. 保护；避开 significant meaningful a. 有重要意义的 site location n. 地点；场所 skepticism doubt n. 怀疑主义；怀疑态度 sketch draw v. 速写；素描skilled expert a. 熟练的；擅长的 skyrocket increase rapidly v. 猛涨突增 sleep briefly nap n. 小睡；打盹smooth operation effective functioning snap break v. 折断；拉断 sole only a. 唯一的；独一的 sole only a. 单独的 solemn serious a. 严肃的；庄重的 sort out separate v. 挑选出 source of energy fuel n. 能源；燃料 spanning covering v. 包含 spark bring about v. 激发；发动 speculate hypothesize v. 推测；假设staggering overwhelming a. 压倒的；压倒之势的standard customary a. 标准的 standing not flowing a. 停滞的；不流动的 staple popular edition? n. 大宗物品；流行的东西 staple basic element n. 主要成分stimulate encourage v. 激发；促进 story level n. 楼层；层 strain stress v. 拉紧重压 strength basis n. 实力；基础 stress emphasize v. 强调 striking noticeable a. 显著的 stringent strict a. 严格的；严厉的 subjugated conquered v. 征服 subsequent later a. 后来的 subsidize finance v. 资助；赞助 subsidy finance n. 补助金；补贴 succinct concise a. 简洁的；简练的 sufficient adequate a. 足够的；充足的suitably appropriately ad. 适宜地 sumptuous luxurious a. 豪华的；奢侈的 sums amounts n. 和 supplant replace v. 取代；替代 supplement extension n. 补充；补遗 supplement add to v. 补充增加 support hold v. 支持；支撑 supposedly seemingly ad. 想象地；表面上supremacy dominance n. 至高无上；支配地位 supreme most outstanding a. 最大的；极度的 surge increase sharply v. 急剧增加 surging accelerating a. 高涨的；跃进的 suspend hang v. 挂；悬挂 sustain support v. 支撑 symmetrical proportionally balanced a. 对称的；匀称的 tangled twisted together a. 混乱的 telling challenging a. 有效的；有力的 tempting attractive a. 诱人的 thanks to because of n. 由于；多亏 thereby by that means think highly admire v. 钦佩；羡慕tolerate endure v. 忍受；忍耐 trace imprint n. 痕迹；遗迹 trend tendency n. 趋势；趋向 typify characterize v. 代表表现 ultimately eventually ad. 最后 undergoing experiencing v. 经历 undergone experienced v. 经历 undergone experienced v. 经历underscore emphasize v. 强调 underwater craft submarine n. 潜水艇 undoubtedly certainly ad. 的确地unique particular a. 独特的 unique singular a. 非凡的unprecedented never seen before a. 空前的 unravel discover v. 解开；阐明 unrestricted unlimited a. 无限制的；自由的 unsubstantiated unverified a. 未证实的；未核实的 urged encouraged v. 催促鼓励 usher beginning v. 引导；开始 various different a. 不同的vary differ v. 变化；改变 vast large a. 巨大的；广阔的 vast great a. 大量的 venture endeavor n. 冒险；冒险行动 very closely intimately ad. 亲密；密切vestige evidence n. 遗迹；残余 virtually pletely n. 实质地 want to much greedy a. 贪婪的；贪心的 whether if conj. 是否 wider more extensive a. 宽广的 witness observe v. 目睹；目击 yield provide v. 产生；产生效果。
托福阅读分类词汇整理归纳
托福阅读分类词汇整理归纳第1篇：托福阅读分类词汇整理归纳tranquiladj.宁静的,安静的transactv.办理,交易,处理transcendv.超出,超越；胜过,优于translucentadj.半透明的transmutev.变化,改变traversev.走过,穿过treacherousadj.危险的(尤指暗藏危险的) treadv.踏,踩treasonn.叛逆,叛国trenchn.沟,壕沟trespassv.侵犯,闯入私人领地tribute?n.贡品,礼物tricklevi.滴;细流triggervt.引发,引起,触发trilogyn.三部剧,三部曲trimvt.修剪,整饰trinketn.小装饰品,琐物triumphv.凯旋;成功trivialadj.微不足道的,琐碎的troupen.剧团,杂技团tubn.桶,浴盆tuitionn.学费tundran.冻土地带turbulent?adj.*的,吵闹的;狂暴的turnpiken.收费高速公路turquoisen.绿松石adj.碧绿的twig?n.小树枝twinen.合股线,麻线v.缠绕typifyv.代表；具有...的特点tyrannicaladj.暴虐的,残暴的ubiquitousadj.普遍存在的ultimatumn.最后通牒unadornedadj.未加修饰的，简朴的un未完，继续阅读 >第2篇：托福阅读分类词汇归纳bringabout引起causetemping吸引人的attractivereckless不负责任的irresponsibleconitantwith同时发生的，与之伴随的inconjunctionwith skyrocketing迅速上升increasingrapidly未完，继续阅读 >第3篇：托福阅读分类词汇整理dictates决定determineswitnessed看到observedabreakwith分开adeparturefromconserve维持，保留retainmagnified加强，加剧intensifiedforage觅食feedcounteracted否定，抵消negatedinseason应季aparticulartimeofyearfixture寻常物品monplaceobjectnevertheless但是howeverrotates转动，改变turnsreadily容易地，欣然地easilyconstituting组成makinguppits洞，坑holesdisputes争论argumentsunrestricted不受限制的unlimitedsnap折断breakfed吃/放入putexposedto易受影响的，受支配subjectedto exert引起，导致causediffuses穿过，扩散travelsrapture破裂burstminiscule微小的tinyenables使能够allowsaesthetically美学的，艺术的artistically refreshing非同寻常的，耳目一新的unusual devote奉献dedicateboun未完，继续阅读 >第4篇：托福阅读的分类词汇归纳temperance?n.节制,自制；戒酒tempestuous??adj.有暴风雨的,狂暴的tenable??adj.可行的,合理的tenacious??adj.顽强的,坚定的tenement??n.(穷人)公寓tenor??n.要旨,主旨tentacle??n.触角,触手tepid??adj.微温的,微热的terminologyn.术语termite??n.白蚁terrace??n.梯田v.使成梯田terrain??n.地势,地形terrestrial??adj.地球的;陆地的terse??adj.简洁的,简明的therapeutic??adj.治疗的,治疗学的thermal??adj.热的,热量的thesis??n.论题,论文thigh??n.大腿thorny??adj.1.有刺的;多刺的2.困难多的;棘手的thoroughfare?n.通路,大道thrift?n.节俭,节约thrive??vi.繁荣,兴旺;茁壮成长throng??n.一大群thrust??n.推力,冲vt.冲,用力刺tidbit??n.珍闻,小栏报导tier??n.列,行,层tilt?n.倾斜timber??n.木材,木料tint??v.微染(**)toandfro?来来回回token??n.表示,象未完，继续阅读 >第5篇：有关托福阅读分类的词汇整理lootiven.火车头lofty?adj.高耸的;高尚的logn.圆木loiterv.游荡longituden.经度,经线loomn.织布机v.隐约闪现;逼近loopholen.漏洞lootv.掠夺loren.(传统的)知识lucidadj.(知识、道理等)明晰的;清晰的lucrativeadj.赚钱的，有利可图的ludicrousadj.可笑的,滑稽的lukewarmadj.(指液体)不冷不热的，微温的lullv.使平静luminosityn.亮度，发光度lurevt.引诱，诱惑n.饵;诱惑lustern.声望;光*，光泽maimvt.使残废，损伤maizen.玉米majesticadj.壮观的，庄严的makeshiftadj.权宜之计的,凑合的malleable?adj.有延展*的,可锻的mallet?n.槌棒mammothn.猛犸象adj.巨大的mandaten.命令，要求mandatoryadj.命令的，强迫的maneuvervt.调遣；*纵n.策略manian.狂热manipulatev.*作;*纵,利用manifestation?n.表现，表示mannerismn.(言语、写作中的)特殊习惯,怪癖mantlen.1.地幔2.覆盖物;斗篷manuren.肥料marv.弄未完，继续阅读 >第6篇：托福考试阅读分类词汇整理discreet—careful谨慎的－小心的discrete—separate离散的－分离的dispute—argument争论－争论disseminate—spread/impart/inform传播－散布/传播/传播distinct—different截然不同的－不同的distinct—obvious明显的－明显的distinct—separate分别的，截然不同的－分离的转distinction—difference区别－差别distinguished—differentiated不同的－不同的，有区别的divergence—difference分歧－不同dogma—belief/doctrine教条－信仰/教条domain—field范围，领域－土地，领域dominate—beprevalentin占优势－占优势dramatic—striking引人注目的－引人注目的drastic—radical猛烈的－根本的drastic—severe激烈的－猛烈的draw—attract吸引－吸引durable—lasting耐久的－持久的durable—endurable耐久的－持久的dwelling—house住宅－房子eagerlyanticipate—lookforwardt未完，继续阅读 >第7篇：托福阅读分类重点词汇整理remarkable非凡的，显著的extraordinarylink连结，联合connectionsurge汹涌，激增sharpincreaseunprecedented空前的，前所未闻的notseenbefore obscure模糊的，朦胧的uncleardisplay陈列展示exhibitload负荷，重担weightprecise精确的accurateexercise训练，使用utilizeelicit得出，引出bringoutprobe探查exploreprolific多产的，丰富的fruitfulideal理想的perfectstandard标准customarystrain疲劳，紧张stressaccordingly因此，从而consequentlyteemingwith充满了，丰富的fullofresemble类似，模仿appearsimilartopostulated假定，假设suggesteddepended依靠reliedsubscribed订阅，赞成agreedwithstunning极好的impressive感人的，印象深刻的spawn产生，制造createpartitioning分割，划分divisionenhances增强，提高increasedtrans未完，继续阅读 >第8篇：托福词汇语法归纳整理1.所有关系代词that，who，whom，which，whose引出的定语从句*关系代词修饰先行词，语法上要充当从句得主语，宾语，定语等。
托福阅读必备词汇
2. aberrant=abnormal 脱离常轨的3. abort=quit 中止4. abruptly=suddenly 突然地5. absorb=take in=appeal 吸收7. absorb=learn8. abstract=no concrete 抽象的；非实际的9. absurd=ridiculous 荒谬的，可笑的10. abundance= affluent=ample =numerous=plentiful=substantial 丰富的，大量的17. access=reach 接近21. accommodate=provide for 提供23. account=description =explain 说明25. accumulate= pile up =collect 累积，聚集27. accurate=correct 正确的33. adept=skilled 熟练的34. adherent=supporter 拥护者35. adjacent=nearby =neighboring 邻近的37. adjust=modify 调整，改变以适应38. adopt=enact 采用40. advent=arrival =beginning 出现，到来44. aggravate=increase 加重，加剧aggravate=annoy 使...恼火46. aggregate=overall =combined聚集的，合计48. agile=astute =clever=move and act quickly52. alarm=sound 警报54. albeit=even though 尽管，虽然55. allow=enable 允许56. allude=suggest暗示 allude to= refer to提到58. ally with=link to 结盟；联合59. alter=change to 改变60. amazing=remarkable 令人惊讶的，非凡的62. ambivalent=mixed 矛盾的63. ample=plentiful 充足的；丰富的64. anchor=hold in place 使固定65. ancient=antique 古老的66. annihilate=destroy=completely remove69. anomaly=irregularity 异常的人或物70. antagonist=competitor 对手；敌手71. anticipate=expect 预期72. antiseptic=clean 抗菌的73. antithesis=opposite 对立面74. antler=horn 鹿角78. apparatus=equipment 仪器，设备81. appeal=attraction=popularity 吸引力84. appear=seem 似乎89. appreciable=noticeable 相当可观的= move toward 接近92. approximately=roughly 大约地94. archive=record =stock =store 存档97. arduous=difficult 艰巨的98. arid=dry 干旱的99. arise=emerge 出现100. arrangement=configuration 安排101. array=range 一系列102. article=item=object 物品104. as a rule=in general 通常105. assert=declare 断言，宣称106. assertion=strong statement 断言，主张108. asset=advantage 资产，有力条件109. assimilate=combine 同化111. assorted=various 各式各样的112. assume=believe 假想113. assume=take on 承担114. assumption=premise 假设116. astute=clever 敏锐的117. attachment=preference for 依恋118. attain=achieve 达到，获得119. attainment=accompanying 伴随的120. attest to=confirm 证实121. attribute=accredit=credit with归于，认为123. attribute=characteristic 特征124. attribution=character 属性125. augment=increase 增加，提高126. available=obtainable 可获得的127. avenue=method =means 途径，手段129. avid=enthusiastic=热衷的B 2. barge=boat 驳船3. barrier=obstacle=impediment 障碍135. visual barrier =obstacle to view 视觉障碍137. beckon=invite 召唤，引诱138. be beforehand=foreordain 预先139. being=creature 生命143. boast=puff =exaggerate 吹嘘145. bombard=assail=assault=strike 炮击，轰击148. boom= expansion 激增，暴涨149. boon=great benefit 利益150. boost= raise 增加，提高151. boundary=periphery 边界152. branch=division 分支153. breed=reproduce 繁殖，饲养155. brittle=breakable=fragile 脆弱的157. broadly= generally=extensively 大体上159. bulk=great quantity=majority=large/part=major part 主体164. burgeon=expand 急速成长165. bustling=lively 活跃的C166. camouflage=blend with circumstance =decorate =hide 伪装169. cardinal=fundamental 基本的171. celebrated=famous 著名的172. central=essential 主要的173. certain=specified 指定的174. chancy=risky 冒险的175. channel=direct =guide 引导channel=provide 提供帮助178. chaotic=disorganized 混乱的179. cherish=value 珍爱180. chief=major 主要的181. chisel=carve 刻，凿183. chronic=persistent =confirmed =habitual=inveterate 长期的，不断的187. chronically=constantly 长期地188. circuitous=indirect 迂回的189. circumstance=condition 环境，境况190. cite=quote 引用191. classic=typical 典型的192. clear=visible 容易看见的193. cling to =attach to 附着194. close=careful 严肃的，周密的195. clue=hint 线索196. coating=cover 覆盖层197. coincide with=be at the same time as 同时198. collaborate=cooperate 合作199. collaboration=joint effect 合作成果201. collide with=run into=hit each other 碰撞203. commemorate=celebrate 庆祝，纪念204. compact=compressed=concise 紧密的，简明的206. comparable=equivalent 可比较的207. compel=push 强迫208. compelling=convincing 令人信服的209. compensate=reimburse 赔偿210. compensate for=balance 赔偿，补偿211. complaint=protest 抗议212. complement=supplement 补充物213. complement=add to 补充215. complex=elaborate=system 复合物219. component=constituent 组成的220. composition=mixture 合成物221. comprehensive=understandable能理解的222. comprehensive= complete 全部的223. comprise=form=make up 组成226. conclusive=final=ultimately 最后的228. conductive=contributive 有助于...的229. configuration=form=arrangement 布局231. confine=limit 限制232. confront=face 面临233. congeal=solidify 使凝结234. consecutive=successive 连续的235. consequence=importance 结果，重要性236. consequent=later 随后的237. consequent=resultant 作为结果的239. consequential=significant 重要的240. consequently=therefore =thus 242. conserve=save 保存246. considerable=substantial 相当大的247. consist of =compose of 由...组成248. consistent=regular 一致的249. be consistent with= be compatible with一致的250. consistently=regularly 一致的251. conspicuous=notable 明显的252. constant=stable 固定的，不变的constantly=always 经常，不断地254. constellation=collection=combination一系列，一群256. constitution=component 构造257. constrain=restrict=limit 限制260. consume=et up 消耗；吃；喝261. contemplate=consider 沉思262. contentious=disputed 好争吵的263. continual=constant 不间断的，连续的265. on the contrary=whereas然而，反之266. contrive=create =invent 发明268. conventional=customary =traditional 270. converging=concentrating收缩的，汇聚的271. convert=transform=change to 转变成273. convict=condemn =sentence =doom (判决）宣判276. conviction=strong belief 坚定的信念281. correspondence=harmony 一致282. corroborate=confirm 证实，确证283. costly=expensive 贵重的284. counsel=advise 忠告285. counter=oppose 反对286. counter of =in the opposite of 相反的287. counterpart=equivalent=similitude =version(版本）复本290. countervail=compensate=oppose抵消292. copious=plentiful 丰富的，大量的293. couple=associate 与...联系起来294. covered=included 隐蔽的，有盖的295. crawl=move 爬行，移动296. create=invent 创作，产生297. creative=inventive 创造的298. crest=peak 顶峰299. critical=crucial=essential 关键的301. criticize=debate 批评，责备302. crucial=important 重要的303. crucially=decisively 关键地304. crushed=ground 碾碎了的305. cumbersome=awkward =clumsy=unwieldy 笨重的，麻烦的308. curb=control 控制，遏止309. current=present 现在的D310. dam=block 筑坝；控制311. dangle=hang 悬摆；吊312. daring= bold 大胆的313. debate=argue 辩论，争论314. decimate=destroy=destruction 大量毁灭316. degree=extent=measure 程度318. delicate=dainty 易碎的，精美的319. deluxe=lavish 奢华的322. in great demand=in popularity 普遍323. demise=extinction 死亡324. demography=population 人口统计325. dense=crowded 稠密的，密集的326. depend=rely on 依赖，依靠327. dependable=reliable 可信赖的328. depict=describe=portray 描写，描绘330. deposit=lay down 放下，放置331. depletion=drain 消耗，用尽332. deposit=accumulate 沉积333. derive=arise 源于，导出335. designate=identify 命名，指定336. detractor=critic 诽谤者，恶意批评者337. detrimental=harmful 有害的，不利的338. deviate=digress 偏离339. deviation=departure 背离340. devise=create 设计，发明341. devoid of =without=scant of 缺乏的343. devoted= concentrated on =dedicated 346. dictate=order=determine 口授；命令348. differential=uneven 差别的；独特的349. diffuse=spread out=travel 扩散351. diligent=careful 勤奋的353. dilute=reduce 稀释，使薄弱354. dim=decrease 变暗淡355. disassemble= break apart/up 拆开357. disband=dismiss 解散358. discard=throw up=throw away 摒弃360. discernible=noticeable=discriminating 可辨别的362. discharge=release 释放363. disentangle=disband 解开364. disgust=distaste 厌恶365. disintegrate=tear apart 分解，碎裂368. dismantle=demolish 拆开，拆除369. disorder=anarchy 混乱370. dispensable=not necessary 非必要的371. dispersal=distribution 散布，驱散373. disposition=temperament 性情374. dispute=contention=argument争论376. dissipate=disperse 驱散377. dissipated=dispersed 分散的378. dissuade=discourage 劝阻380. distinction=difference 差别381. distinction=excellence 优秀382. distinction=honor 荣誉38. distinctive=characteristic 有特色的385. distribute=spread 分配，散布387. distribution=dispersion 散布388. disturb=upset 打扰，扰乱389. diverse=distinct 不同的390. diversity=variety 多样性391. divest=get rid of=deprive 剥夺393. domestic=home 家庭的，国内的394. dormant=hibernated 休眠的395. dramatically=greatly 戏剧性地396. drastic=extreme 激烈的，极端的=obviously=severely 大大399. dual=double 双重的400. duplicate=repeat 复本402. durable=lasting 持久的403. duration=length 为期E405. ease=facilitate使容易、减轻、缓和406. eccentric=erratic=strange 古怪的，反常的408. efface=eliminate 消去409. elaborate=detailed=dainty精巧的，详尽的411. elapsed=passed 过去的，经过的412. element=weather condition恶劣的天气413. eliminate= remove 排除，消除414. elusive= difficult to catch 难懂的415. emanate=emerge 散发，产生416. embark on=start 从事（着手）417. embed =insert=enclose 插入，植入419. emergence=appearance 出现420. emergency=crisis 紧急情况421. emergent=developing 新兴的422. employ=use 利用424. enactment=establishment 制定425. encapsulate=state briefly 概述427. endangered=not abundant 濒临灭绝的428. endeavor=enterprise 努力429. endow=bestow 捐赠430. engulf=swallow 吞没431. enhance=improve=intensify 提高433. enjoy=experience 经历434. enlist=obtain 谋取（支持、赞助等）436. enrich=enhance 使富足437. ensue=result 因产生438. ensuring=subsequent 接着发生的439. ensure=guarantee 保证、担保440. entail=involve 牵涉441. enthusiastic=eager 热情的442. be entitled=have the right 有...权力444. ephemeral=short-lived=transient 短暂的446. episode=event 事件447. equilibrium=balance 平衡448. era=period 时代，年代449. eradicate=remove completely根除，消灭450. erect=build 建立451. erratic=unpredictable 不稳定的，古怪452. erratic=irregular 不稳定的，古怪的453. escalate=extend 逐步扩大454. essential=crucial 极其重要的455. established=qualified 已制定的457. estimation=evaluation 估计458. euphoric=extremely happy464. evident=apparent=obvious 明显的466. evoke=arouse=create in the mind =draw=produce=promote=stimulate唤起，引起472. exaggerate=overstate 夸张，夸大473. excavate=dig out 挖掘474. exceed= beyond above 超越，胜过475. exceeded=surpass 超越，胜过476. exceedingly=extremely 非常478. exclusively=only 专门地，独占地479. excrete=expel 排泄，分泌480. exercise=use 运用484. exhibit= =stretch 展开，增长486. expand=increase 展开，增长487. expanse=area 一大片区域488. expansive=large 广阔的489. expediency=advantage利益，优势490. expediency=convenience 放便，利己491. expedient=fitting 权宜的，方便的493. explicit=obvious 明确的，清楚的494. explicitly=clear 明确地495. exploit=take advantage of=utilize 利用498. explore=investigate 探测，探索499. expose to =subject to（遭受）使经历500. express=communicate 表达501. extant=existing =notextinct=remaining504. extend=stretch 延伸506. extol=praise 赞美507. extraneous=inessential=from outside 509. extraordinary=exceptional 异常的510. exude=give off= release 渗出，发散F512. fabricate=produce 制造514. far-reaching=extensive=broad 深远的516. fascinating=extremely attractive 迷人的517. fashion=way 样子，方式fashion=make 形成，造520. feasible=practical 可实行的521. feast=eating 盛宴522. ferry=transport 渡轮523. fertile=reproductive=productive 肥沃的525. figure out=map 计算出，解决528. flake=fragment 小薄片529. flattery=praise 恭维530. flee=run away from 逃走531. flexible=adaptable 易适应的532. float= stay on the top534. flourish=prosper=thrive 繁荣，兴旺536. flourishing=prosperous 繁荣的537. flow=movement 流动538. fluctuate=change 变动539. fluctuation=variation 变动，起伏540. focal point=centre area 焦点541. follow=track 跟随542. for instance=for example 例如，譬如543. forage=search for food 觅食544. forage = feed 饲料545. formidable=excessive 巨大的546. foster=urge=encourage to=promote the development of 培养，促进549. foul=pollute 弄脏，污染550. fragment=break up 破碎552. frankly=sincerely =openly真诚地，坦白地554. friction=conflict 争执，不合555. function=operation 效用，作用556. function=utility 效用，作用557. fundamental=basic 基础的G560. gap=opening 缺口561. gear=adjust 使适合562. generate=produce 产生563. genuinely=actually 真诚地564. given=particular 规定的，特定的565. govern=regulate=control 统治，管理567. grasp=understand 领会，理解568. groom=make up=clean 装扮，使整洁570. groundless=unfounded 无根据的571. grounds=reasons 根据，理由572. groundwork=base=basis 基础574. grudging=unenthusiastic 勉强的H576. hallmark=characteristic 戳记，标志577. hamper=district=restrict=make difficultly 妨碍，束缚580. handy=convenient 便利的581. haphazard =random 随意的582. harness=utilize 利用583. harsh=drastic 严厉的，严酷的584. hasty=hurried 匆匆的，急忙的585. haul=pull 拖，拉586. havoc=destruction 浩劫587. hazard=danger 危险588. heed=notice 留心注意590. heir=inheritor 继承人，后继者591. hence=therefore 因此592. heritage=legacy=tradition 遗产，传统594. heterogeneous=varied由不同种类组成的595. hide=conceal 隐藏596. hinder=interfere with 妨碍597. hint=clue=implication=indication =lead 暗示，迹象602. hobby=pastime 嗜好605. hollow=an empty space 中空606. homogeneous=uniform 同种的607. host of =great number 大量609. hub=center 中心611. hurdle=fence 用篱笆围612. hypothetical=supposed 假定的I614. identical=the same 同样的615. idiosyncrasies=peculiarity 特性616. ignite=set on fire 点燃617. illusion=impression (印象）错觉，幻象618. immediately=closest 接近，紧接着619. immense=great=huge=vast622. immensely=extremely 非常624. immobile=fixed 固定的，静止的625. immobility=absence of motion 固定626. immoral=indecent=improper 不道德的628. impermeable=impenetrable=impervious 不能渗透的630. impetus =stimulus 刺激，促进631. implausible=unbelievable 难以置信的632. implement=tool 工具634. imposing=impressive 给人深刻印象的635. imprecise=inexact 不精确的636. improbable=unlikely 不像会发生的638. inadvertently=unintentionally =without knowing 非故意地640. inauspicious=unfavorable 不吉利的641. incidentally=by the way 顺便一提642. inclement=unfavorable （气候）严酷的643. be inclined=tend 倾向644. inconceivable=unimaginable 难以置信的645. inconclusive=without result不确定的646. incorporate=include 包含647. incorporate=merge 吸收，并入648. incursion=invasion 入侵650. indigenous=native 本土的651. indispensable=significant 重要的652. indispensable=essential=necessary =needed=required=vital 不可缺少的657. induce=to bring=cause 引起659. ineffectively=without any result 无效地661. inert=motiveless 迟缓的，惰性的662. inevitable=unavoidable 不可避免的663. inference=conclusion 推断的结果664. infirm=weak 不坚定的；衰弱的665. inflate=expand 膨胀，扩大666. infrastructure=foundation 基础建设667. ingenious=cleverness=creativeness 670. ingenuity=inventivenes=resourcefulness 心灵手巧；独创性672. inherent=essential=internal内在的，固有674. inherent=instinctive= characteristic of 与生俱来的676. inherently=essentially 固有地677. inhibit=hinder 约束；抑制678. inhospitable=unfavorable=adverse 冷淡的，不适宜的680. initial=first 最初的682. initiate=begin=start 开始，创始686. inordinate=excessive 过度的687. instant=moment 片刻；瞬间688. instantaneous=immediate 即刻的689. instigate=incite 唆使；煽动690. instructive=informative 富有教育意义的691. insufficient=inadequate 不足的692. intact=untouched 完好的693. intangible=nonmaterial=immaterial 无形的695. integral=essential 构成整体所需要的696. intense=strong 强烈的698. intermediate=in-between 中间的；媒介699. intimate=close 亲密的700. intricate=carefully shaped=complex 复杂的703. intricate=interest 引发，兴趣704. intriguing=fascinating 迷人的705. intrinsic=essential=inherent本质的内在的707. intrusive=invasive 侵入的708. invade=move into 入侵709. invaluable=highly useful 极宝贵的710. invariable=always 始终如一地711. invent=devise 发明712. inviolable=without exception =allowing no attack 不可违背的714. invoke=appeal 恳求，祈求715. irrecoverable=permanent 不可挽回的JK718. jettison=release 抛弃719. jolt=shock 震动；震惊720. judge=estimate 评判721. junction=connection 连接，接合723. justified=right=proveL726. lading=cargo=shipment 货物729. large=extensive 大的，大量的731. launch=initial=initiate=start 发动，发起734. legitimacy=authority=of legitimacy =lawful 合法的736. legitimately=properly 正当地，合法地739. lethal=fateful=deadly 致命的741. liberal=extensive 宽大的742. of likelihood=probable 可能的743. liken to =compare 比较745. linger=wander=stroll 徘徊，漫步750. listening=advertent 留神听的751. livelihood=means of support 生活，生计752. locale=place 现场，场所753. locate=find 找出754. lucrative=profitable 有利益的755. luxuriant=thriving 茂盛的M756. magnify=enlarge 放大757. magnitude=extent 巨大；广大758. magnitude=amount 量，大小759. maintain=continue 维持760. majestic=magnificent 壮观的761. make their way= travel 前进762. malleable=pliable 可塑的763. mandatory=required =obligatory 强制的765. manifest=reveal 表现766. manipulate=control 操纵767. marked=considerable 显著的768. markedly=distinctly 显著地769. mask=cover=disguise 遮蔽；掩护；伪装771. massive=enormous=huge773. mastery=control 控制776. mean=average 平均值777. merely=no more than=only=simply 仅仅780. merge=blend=combine 合并782. meticulously=carefully 小心地783. microbe=germ 微生物，细菌784. milestone=significant events 里程碑785. milky way=galaxy 银河786. mimic=imitate=copy 模仿788. miniature=small=tiny 微型的790. minute =tiny 微小的792. minutely=in detail=finely 详细地795. misconception=wrong idea 误解misleading=erroneous=inaccurate使人误解的800. mock=pretend 模仿801. modest=limited(有限的）适度的802. modest=not too large（不大的）适度的803. modification=alteration 修改，改变804. momentous=significant 重要的805. monitor=observe 监控，监视806. monopolize=dominate 独占；垄断807. monotone=tedious=boring无聊的811. motif=pattern 图案812. set in motion=start 开动813. mount=grow=increase 增长815. mundane=material=ordinary平凡的817. myriad=countless=innumerableN822. nature=character 天性，本质829. nocturnal=nightmare 夜间的835. notwithstanding=despite 尽管O837. oblige=force 强迫838. obscure=conceal 使变暗，遮掩839. obscure=hide=unclear 模糊的842. obsession with= fixation on 痴迷844. obvious=evident 明显的846. offset=make up=compensate=balance 补偿，抵消850. omit=exclude=neglect 遗漏，删去852. ongoing=current 进行的853. onset=beginning 开始855. opaque=impenetrable 难以理解的856. optimal=most advantageous 最佳的858. orchestrate=stage-manage 精心安排859. orientation=perspective 观点860. orientation=introduction 介绍862. ornament=decorate 装饰的863. ornamental=decorative 装饰的865. outbreak=sudden increase 爆发866. outcome=result 结果867. outermost=farthermost away 最远的869. overwhelming=powerful 压倒性的PQ870. pacify=assuage 使平静871. paradox=contrary 相反872. paradoxically=seemingly contradictory似是而非地873. parcel out=distribute 把...分成几份874. pare away=remove 修掉；削减875. patch=spot 斑点876. patch=area 小块土地877. partly=in some degree 部分地878. peak=highest point=maximum=time of the greatest period 高峰881. peculiar=strange 奇怪的，独特的882. penetrate=enter 穿入，穿透883. perceptible=appreciable=noticeable 可感知的885. peril=danger 危险886. perilous=hazardous=toxic危险的889. periodically=from time to time 891. perishable=easy to spoil 易腐坏的893. permeate=penetrate 渗透，弥漫895. perpetual=constant 永久的，连续的900. pertinent=relevant=applicable 相关的901. pervasive=widespread 普遍的902. phenomenal=extraordinary 异常的906. piecing=joining 接合907. pigment=color 色素908. pigmentation=coloring 天然色素909. pigmentation=dye 染色910. pinnacle=high point 顶点911. pinpoint=describe precisely=clearly identify 准确地解释或说明913. pinpoint =precise 精确的914. plausible=believable 貌似有理的915. pledge=promise 保证916. plumage=feature 羽毛921. pore=hole 毛孔922. portion=part =constituent 一部分924. pose=place=present展现926. posit=propose=suggest=assume断定，假定929. postulate=presume= hypotheses 假定931. potent=powerful 有力的933. practically=nearly几乎，差不多934. precarious=insecure 不稳定的，危险的935. precede=by beyond 高于，超出936. precede=come before 在...之前938. precipitate=bring about 使...突然发生939. precision=accuracy 精确，正确940. preclude=rule out 排除，阻止941. predicament=difficult situation 困境943. prediction=prophecy 预言944. predominant=most aggressive=very noticeable=principal 占优势的947. predominantly =primitively=mainly 主要地949. preeminent=foremost 卓越的，显著的950. premise=assumption/assume 假定，前提952. preoccupation with =concentration on 953. preordain=appoint=foreordain=ordain 预定，注定956. prerequisite=something needed to happen=something required必要条件959. preserve=protect=retain=save保存，保护962. presumable=probably可推测的，可能有的963. prevailing=dominant 占优势的964. prevailing=popular 流行的965. prevalent=prevailing=common普遍的967. previous=past 先前的970. primary=dominant 主要的971. primitive=early 原始的972. principal=essential=major 主要的976. prior=previous 在先的，在前的977. priority=ranking preference 优先978. pristine=pure 清新的，淳朴的980. probe=explore 探查，探测981. process =purify（提纯，精炼）加工982. procure=obtain984. profoundly=far-reaching 深深地985. programmed=determined 计划的986. prohibitive=unaffordable 抑止的987. projection=estimate 推测988. proliferation=increase 增产，增加989. prolifically=abundantly 多产地990. prolong=extend 延长991. prominent=eminent 显著的992. prominent=outstanding=principal卓越的pronounced=clear=definite=notable明显的998. propagate=reproduce 繁殖999. propel=push 推进，激励1000. property=characteristic =quality 特性1002. proponent=supporter 拥护者1003. prosper=succeed 成功，兴旺1004. prosperous=model 原型1006. protrude=extend=stick out 伸出，凸出1008. provoke=elicit 激起，导致1009. prowess=ambition(雄心）英勇1010. prowess=expertise 非凡的技能1011. proximity=closeness =nearness接近1013. proximity to =close to 领近，靠近1014. purse=chase 追求，追赶1015. quarters=residences 住处R1016. radical=fundamental 根本的1017. radical=drastic=extreme 彻底的，极端的1019. radically=completely 根本地1020. raise=to cause to come about 引起1021. ramification=branch 分支，分派1022. ramification=consequence 结果，衍生物1023. range=vary 变化，变动1024. rare=scarce 稀有的，罕见的1025. rate=classify 评价，分等1027. readily=easily 容易地1028. ready=receptive（能接纳的）甘心的1029. realm=area 领域1030. rebellion=revolt 反抗，叛乱1031. rebound=recovery 重新振作1032. receptacle=receiver 容器1033. receptivity to =openness to 接受1034. recharge=refill 再填充1035. recur=repeat 反复出现1036. refine=improve 精炼1037. refined=decent 精致的1038. refreshing=unusual 别具一格的1039. refuse=garbage 垃圾1041. regulate=adjust=control控制1043. reinforce=strengthen 加强1045. relatively=comparatively= correspondingly=oppositely 相对地，对比地1049. relic=remain=remnant 遗物，遗迹1051. reluctant=disinclined 不情愿的1054. remedy=cure 治疗1055. remnant=remains 残余1057. remote=distant =isolated孤立的，遥远的1059. render=make 使得1060. rendering=presentation 演奏，表演1061. renowned=famous 有名的1062. repercussion=effect 回响，影响1063. replicas=copies 复制品1064. repudiate=reject 否定，驳斥1066. be closer resemblance to=be more like1069. residual=remaining 残留的1070. resilient= quick to recover迅速复原1072. in respect to=in term of 就...而言1073. restricted=limited 受限制的1074. retain=keep 保持，保留1075. retreat=recede 撤退1076. retrieve=bring back 找回1077. reveal=manifest=show=make known 1081. revival=restoration 恢复，再生1083. rigidly=strictly 严厉地1084. rigorous=harsh=demanding 严厉的1087. give rise to =produce 引起1089. rival=compete 竞争，对抗1090. roam=wander 漫游1091. robust=healthy 强壮的，结实的1093. rotate=turn 转动1094. roughly=approximately 大约地1095. roundabout=circuitous 迂回的1097. routinely=commonly 常规地1098. rudiment=basic 基础1099. rudimentary=primitive 根本的1100. rupture=burst 破裂S1101. scared=holy 神圣的1104. save for =except for 除...之外1105. scale=magnitude 大小，等级、1106. scant=minimal 少量的1107. scatter=distribute =disperse 使分散1109. scented=fragrant 有气味的1110. scope=extent 范围，程度1111. scorching=exceedingly hot 酷热的1112. score=a large number of 大量，许多1113. scorn=despise 轻蔑1114. scrap=fragment 碎片1115. screen=filter 过滤1116. scrutinize=examine 详细审查1118. sculpt=shape 雕刻，造型1119. secrete=produce 分泌1120. sedentary=settled 久坐的，固定的1121. seething=excited=active 激昂的1127. serene=calm=silent 平静的1131. severe=harsh 严厉的，严酷的1132. shallow=not deep 浅的1133. shatter=destroy 打碎1134. sheer=absolute 完全的1135. shield=protect 保护1138. shiver=tremor 发抖1139. showcase=display 陈列1140. shrink=contract 缩水，收缩1142. significant=considerable 重大的1145. simulated=artificial 假装的，仿造的1146. simultaneously=at the same time 1152. size up=reckon up to 估计1153. skeptical=doubting=suspected 怀疑的1156. slightly=somewhat 稍微地1157. slope=incline 倾斜1158. snap=break 断裂1162. soak=absorb 吸收1164. solicit=request 恳求1165. solicitation =invitation 恳求1166. solitary=alone 单独的，独自的1167. sophisticated=complex=elaborated 精致的，复杂的1169. sophistication=technology 工艺1172. sought-after =desired 广受欢迎的1174. span=period 一段时间1175. spark=set off 触发1176. sparse=not rich 稀少的，零星的1177. spawn=create=produce 产卵，产生1180. speciation=evolution(演化）物种形成1182. specify=state 详细地说明1183. spectacular=impressive 引人入胜的1184. spectator=beholder=viewer 目击者1187. spectrum=range 范围，系列1188. a matter of speculation=supposition 推断1190. spell =period of time 一段时间1191. sphere=area 范围1192. splendor magnificent 光彩，壮丽1193. split=divided 裂开的，分离的1194. spontaneous=impulsive=instinctive 自发的，非计划安排的1196. sporadic=irregular 偶尔发生的1197. sporadically=occasionally 偶尔1198. spot=catch=see =identify 发现，看见1201. spottily=occasionally 缺乏连续性1203. spur=stimulate 刺激1204. stabilize=hold in place 使稳定1205. staggering=overwhelming 巨大的1206. staple=important 主要的1207. staunch=loyal =strong坚定的，可靠的1209. steadfast=firm 坚定的，固定的1210. stealthily=silently 悄悄地1211. stem=arise 起源于1214. stockpile=store up 储备，贮存1216. stride=step 大步，阔步1217. strike=come into contract with 撞击1218. striking=dramatic 惊人的1219. string=series 一系列1220. stringent=strict 严厉的1221. strip=remove 剥去1222. sturdy=strong 结实的，强壮的1223. stylus=pen 铁笔1224. subject to=vulnerable 易受...影响的1225. subjected to =dominated by 控制1226. subsequent=ensuring =later 后来的1228. subsidiary=less important 次要的1229. substantial =sturdy 坚固的1230. substantial=significant =actual =essential 重大的，真实的1234. substantiate=confirm 证明，证实1237. succession=series 一系列1240. sumptuous=luxurious 奢侈的，豪华的1242. supplant=substitute=replace 取代1244. suppress=stop by force 制止，镇压1245. surmise=assumption=guess=infer猜测1249. surveillance=careful observation 1250. susceptible=prone to 易受...影响的1253. suspend=hang 悬挂1254. sustain=persist =support 支撑，支持1256. sustenance=food=life 生计，食物1258. swell=expand=enlargement 增大，膨胀1260. swiftly=quickly 迅速地1261. symmetric=balance 对称的，均衡的1262. synthesis=combination 合成T1263. tactual=textural 触觉的1264. tailspin=total confusion 混乱，失控1267. tame=domesticate 驯服，驯化1268. tangible=material=physical 实际的1270. tantalizing=anxious 非常着急的1271. taper=diminish 逐渐变小1274. teem with=be full of 充满，遍布1275. tempting=appealing 吸引人，诱人的1276. tend=care for 照料1277. tendency=inclination 倾向1278. tenet=belief =principle 原则1282. terrain=tract (大片土地）地形，地势1283. testify=give evidence 作证1289. threshold=limit 界限，起始点1294. timid=fearful 胆怯的1295. toil=work 辛勤劳动1296. tolerate=endure 忍受1298. track=follow =observe1300. tracts(of land)=area 大片土地1303. transformation=conversion=rotation=shuffle 转化，转换1308. transitory=ephemeral =short-lived =temporary=transient 短暂的1312. trauma=damage 损伤，精神创伤1313. traverse=cross 横过，穿过1316. tricky=difficult 狡猾的，棘手的1317. trigger= initiate 触发，引发1319. truism=it was evidence that不言而喻的道理1320. turbulent=agitated=violent 激动的U1323. ubiquitous=common 到处存在的1326. unadorned=not decorative 未装饰的1327. unanimity=total agreement 一致同意1329. underlying=inner 潜在的，隐含的1330. underpinning=foundation =support 1332.underrate=underestimate=undervalue 低估，看轻1334. underscore=stress 强调1335. undertake=attempt 努力尝试,承担1339. uniformly=evenly =consistently 一致地1341. unintended=occasionally偶然地1342. unique=distinct =sole 特有的1346. unleash=release 释放1347. unprecedented=initial=novel 空前的1351. unqualified=complete 无条件的，完全的1352. unreceptive=unresponsive接受能力差的1354. unrestricted=unlimited 没有限制的。
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托福阅读分课课题类词汇1地理GEOGRAPHYgeography地理geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线，经线parallel平行圈，纬线latitude经度longitude纬度elevation海拔altitude高度horizon地平线equator赤道Arctic北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极expedition探险navigation航海topography地形，地形学continent大陆continental shelf大陆架continental drift大陆漂移说plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern(cave)洞穴oasis(沙漠)绿洲cleft(flaw)裂缝crevice(rift;slit)裂缝summit山顶range(山)脉valley峡谷gorge峡谷canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡marine(maritime;oceanic)海的tide潮汐ebb(away)退潮sea-floor spreading海床扩展ocean bottom海床coastland沿海地区contour轮廓;海岸线continental island大陆岛volcanic island火山岛coral island珊瑚岛insular海岛的islet小岛peninsular半岛ledge暗礁remote-sensing遥感的terrain地域terrestrial地球的，陆地的terrestrial heat(geothermal)地热terrestrial magnetism(geomagnetism)地磁subterranean(underground)地底下evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度sediment沉淀物，沉积物tropics热带地区tropical热带的temperate温带的temperate latitudes温带地区frigid寒带的frost heaving冻胀现象2地质geology地质学geologist地质学家crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer(stratum,复strata)地层plate板块fault plane断层面fault zone断层带rift(crack;split)断裂fossil化石petrify石化，硬化igneous rock火成岩sedimentary rock沉积岩metamorphic rock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenous岩成的lithosphere岩石圈mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金，铂copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞，水银sodium钠fieldstone卵石gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石crystal水晶glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch(age,period)冰川期glacial drift冰渍iceberg冰山volcano火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava(magma)火山岩浆magma岩浆volcanic火山的volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰earthquake(quake;tremor;seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismic wave地震波cataclysm灾变3天文ASTRONOMY天文学astronomy天文学astronomical天文的巨大的astronomical observatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学infinite无限的vacuum真空cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学cosmic(universal)宇宙的cosmic radiation宇宙辐射radiation辐射emission发射，散发cosmic rays宇宙射线infrared ray红外线celestial天的天体的celestial body(heavenly body)天体celestial map/sky atlas天体图celestial sphere天球space空间constellation星座cluster星团nebula星云galaxy星系，银河intergalactic星系间的Milky Way银河系dwarf(dwarf star)白矮星quasar类星体，类星射电源star恒星stellar恒星的interstellar恒星间的solar system太阳系solar radiation太阳辐射solar corona日冕chromospheres（太阳的）色球层photosphere光球convection zone对流层radiative zone辐射层thermonuclear energy core solar eclipse日食planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星interplanetary行星间的satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石chondrite球粒状陨石comet彗星revolve旋转，绕转spin旋转orbit轨道twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星space(outer space)太空，外层空间spacecraft spaceship宇宙飞船spaceman/astronaut宇航员，航天员space suit宇航服，航天服space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员space debris太空垃圾ammonia氨absolute magnitude绝对量级high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪4气象Meteorology气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预报barometer/indicator气压计climate气候balmy(moderate)温和的tepid(lukewarm)微温的chilly寒冷的frigid严寒的serene晴朗的atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层current(气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet;dank;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿;水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体结晶状的downpour/torrential rain大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水breeze微风blast/gust一阵gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风funnel漏斗，漏斗云disaster,calamity,catastrophe灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没drought旱灾arid干旱的5化学chemistry化学biochemistry生化chemical property化学特性，化学性质chemical composition(makeup)化学成分constitute构成组成constituent/component成分chemical agent化学试剂chemical reaction化学反应chemical change化学变化chemical bond化学键chemical apparatus化学器械substance(matter;material)物质element元素periodic table周期表ammonia氨氨水hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氦carbon碳calcium钙silicon硅silica硅土sulfur硫iodine碘blend混合neutralize中和combination化合组合compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物hydronic液体循环加热/冷却derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum(oil)石油petroleum products石油产品crude oil原油refine提炼，精炼impurity杂质gasoline汽油methane甲烷disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀hackneyed陈腐的caustic腐蚀性的corrode腐蚀stale陈腐的rust生锈solution溶液dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可溶性cohesive聚合力cohesion附着力adhesive粘合力molecule分子atom原子nuclear原子的nucleus原子核electron电子neutron中子proton质子molecule分子ion离子particle粒子particle accelerator粒子加速器explosive爆炸的;炸药explode(使)爆炸blast爆破kindle(ignite)燃起sear烧灼intermediary媒介物catalysis(复catalyses)催化作用catalyst催化剂artificial人造的synthetic合成的synthetic fiber人造纤维plastic塑料polymer聚合物polymerization聚合作用dye(pigment)染料染色tint上色scorch使褪色bleach漂白cosmetics化妆品6物理PHYSICS物理学physics物理mechanics力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学electromagnetism电磁学optics光学dynamics动力学statics静力学relativity相对性相关性相对论dimension尺度维boundary边界brim/edge/rim/brink边缘force力pressure压力impetus推动力velocity速度expedite加速acceleration加速度accelerate加速decelerate减速horizontal水平declivity下倾的斜面precipitate向下投掷motion运动inertia惯性gravity地心引力gravitation引力，引力作用relativity相对friction摩擦attrition磨损chafe/scrape擦热equilibrium平衡equilibrium平衡状态temperature温度thermometer温度计centigrade摄氏的fusion溶合thaw(使)溶化融解sublimate使升华distillation蒸馏colt(使)凝块foam泡沫density密度liquid液体dilute稀释冲淡dehydrate(使)脱水evaporate蒸发evaporation蒸发作用ventilation通风release释放discharge释放diffuse传播扩散emit/eject发出放射radiate射出transpire发散排出medium(media)媒质frequency频率band波段wavelength波长pitch音高intensity强度echo回声resonance回声，反响acoustic音响的sonar声纳ultrasonics超声学electricity电static electricity静电magnetism磁性磁力磁学magnet磁体electromagnet电磁magnetic field磁场electric current电流direct current(DC)直流电alternating current AC交流电electric circuit电路electric charge电荷electric voltage电压electric shock触电electric appliance电器conductor导体insulator绝缘体semiconductor半导体battery(cell)电池dry battery干电池storage battery蓄电池electronics电子学electronic电子的electronic component(part)电子零件integrated circuit集成电路chip集成电器片，集成块electron tube电子管vacuum tube真空管transistor晶体管shrink收缩amplification(名词)放大amplify(动词)放大amplifier放大器，扬声器quiver/jar震动vibration震动oscillation震荡optical光(学)的optical fiber光学纤维lens透镜，镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱wavelength波长ultraviolet紫外线X rays X射线Gamma raysγ射线infrared rays红外线microwaves微波dispersion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的compatible兼容的elasticity弹性chaos/disorder混乱clutter混乱(使)混乱7数学MATHEMATICS mathematics数学mathematician数学家arithmetic算术calculate(count)计算calculation计算calculator计算器calculus微积分differential calculus微分学integral calculus积分学abacus算盘numeral数字digit数字,数位enumerate/numerate计数even偶数odd奇数sum和total总和，总数aggregate总计fraction分数，小数percentage百分比quarter四分之一decimal十进位,(十进)小数addition加法plus加上正的subtraction减法minus减去负的subtract/deduct减去multiplication乘法multiplication table乘法表multiply乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以algebra代数equation方程式，等式formula公式root根function函数probability概率statistics统计ratio/proportion比率estimate/gauge估计evaluate估计评价variant/variable变量discrete不连续的离散的dispersion离差差量symmetry对称(性)匀称quantity表示量的数或符号quantitative量的，数量的qualitative质的，质量的deduction(inference)推论，演绎induction归纳rank排序排行等级sequence序列dual二重的两层的diagram图表geometry几何geometric几何的figure图形形状parallel adj.平行n.平行线intersect相交dimension维area面积facet平面quadrilateral四边形vertical/plumb/upright/perpendicular垂直的square正方形rectangle长方形，矩形polygon多边形loop圈，环circle圆形circular循环的，圆的circulation循环circumference圆周circuitous迂回的ellipse(oval)椭圆形volume体积bulk容积cube立方形cubic立方体的sphere球形cone圆锥形column圆柱柱状物caliber口径diameter直径radius半径triangle三角形angle角degree(角)度8生态环境ECOLOGY生态学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance(of nature)自然界生态平衡scenic景色优美的scenery景色puddle小水洼creek/brook小溪trickle滴crystal/limpid清澈的niche小生态环境habitat栖息地rain forest雨林food chain食物链acid rain酸雨greenhouse effect温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射ozone layer(ozonosphere)臭氧层ultraviolet radiation紫外辐射contaminate(defile)污染pollution control污染控制air pollution空气污染water pollution水污染noise pollution噪音污染soil pollution土壤污染pollution-free无污染pollutant污染物noxious(toxic)有毒的fume/fumes(有毒)废气solid waste固体垃圾sewage(wastewater)污水sewage purification污水净化sewage disposal污水处理decibel(噪音)分贝9农林畜牧agriculture(farming)农业agricultural农业的agrarian土地的，农业的land(soil)土壤;土地soil conservation土壤保护soil erosion泥土流失silt粉砂，泥沙clay黏土，湿土clod土块barren贫瘠prolific/luxuriant多产的fertile肥沃的arable适于耕种的indigenous土产的当地的pilot(experimental)试验性的harrow(rake)耙，耙土ridge田埂furrow犁沟plot(patch)小块地ranch农场，牧场plantation种植园人造林ranch大农场经营农场orchard果园nursery苗圃seedbed苗床sickle镰刀spade铲，锹shovel(平头)铲pick稿tractor拖拉机cultivate(till)耕作husbandry耕种管理animal husbandry畜牧业sow(seed)播种harvest收割weed除草irrigate灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒(农药) insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest害虫rust锈病weed杂草除草grain(cereal)谷物，谷粒granary(grain store)粮仓barn谷仓畜棚mill碾，磨wheat小麦corn玉米rice大米barley大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦millet粟，小米fermentation发酵vegetable蔬菜horticulture园艺学hydroponics水栽法，营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed)温室conservatory温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜spinach菠菜broccoli花椰菜cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子pepper辣椒pumpkin(squash)南瓜tomato西红柿beet甜菜carrot胡萝卜radish小红萝卜pea豌豆soybean大豆celery芹菜garlic大蒜leek韭菜onion洋葱头potato土豆peanut花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花animal husbandry畜牧业pasture牧场graze放牧livestock家畜fowl(poultry)家禽cattle牛，家畜buffalo野牛dairy(dairy cattle)奶牛dairy farm乳牛场trot(马)小跑hay(作饲料用)干草haystack干草堆fodder(feed)饲料trough饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽stable厩，马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen(hog pen,pigsty)猪圈sheepfold(sheep pen)羊栏roost(hen house)鸡舍fish farm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖10生物Darwinism达尔文学说进化论natural selection自然选择evolve(使)进化发展evolutionary进化的creature生物organism生物有机物microbe微生物scavenger食腐动物rot腐烂decay(使)腐败respiration呼吸metabolism新陈代谢secrete分泌secretion分泌物assimilate吸收vital活的活体的anatomy解剖学microscope显微镜organ器官vestige退化器官，遗迹spleen脾脏calorie卡路里fat(grease)脂肪carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物(淀粉)，糖类glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin维他命malnourished营养不良的class纲order目family科genus属suborder亚目species种species物种subsist/exist生存extinct灭绝morphology形态学fauna动物群flora植物群植物界breed n.品种v.繁殖multiply(reproduce)繁殖proliferate繁衍propagate繁殖传播posterity后代ripe植物成熟mature动物成熟symbiotic共生的immune免除的，免疫的immunity免疫hygiene卫生sanitation卫生parasite寄生虫necrosis坏死futile无用的11动植物动物strain(动物昆虫)种血统homotherm恒温动物poikilotherm变温动物invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物spine脊骨spineless无脊椎的aquatic(life)水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian(amphibious animal)两栖动物rodent啮齿动物(如松鼠)primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物(珊瑚) monogamous一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的polygamous一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的appetite食欲stodgy难消化的herbivorous食草的carnal肉体的carnivorous食肉的omnivorous杂食的predatory/carnivorous食肉的predator捕食者prey v.捕食n.被捕食的动物trapper诱捕动物者community动物群落或人的部落gregarious群居的horde(昆虫等)群swarm(昆虫等)群flock(鸟，羊等)群herd兽群bunch(花等)束，捧dinosaur恐龙extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物hump驼峰dolphin海豚porpoise海豚whale鲸鱼rhinoceros犀牛bat蝙蝠beaver海狸sloth树懒slothful懒惰的primates灵长目动物gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒insect昆虫antenna(复antennae)触须tentacle触角larva幼虫，幼体larvae(复)幼虫pest害虫worm虫，蠕虫caterpillar毛虫moth蛾lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴turtle龟shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster对虾crab螃蟹clam蛤蜊sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish海星jellyfish水母oyster牡蛎蚝clam蛤scale鳞片beast野兽fertilize使…受精hatch孵spawn(鱼、虾、蛙)孵(产卵) pregnant怀孕的offspring(young)子孙后代regeneration再生domesticate驯养camouflage/disguise伪装mimicry拟态hibernate冬眠dormant休眠的migrate迁移fluffy绒毛的fuzzy有绒毛的，绒毛状wing翅膀，翼bill(鸟)嘴beak(鹰等的)嘴nest筑巢canary金丝雀chirp(鸟，虫的叫声)唧唧squeak(老鼠等)吱吱植物botany植物学botanist植物学家botanical(botanic)植物的plant植物aquatic plant水生植物parasite plant寄生植物fern蕨类植物shade树荫canopy树冠层，顶棚foliage(leaf)叶leaflet小叶rosette(叶的)丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄seeds种子everlasting永久的pollen花粉授粉给pollinate授粉crossbreed杂交shoot(sprout)嫩芽，抽枝germinate发芽bud芽发芽花蕾flower花petal花瓣column花柱peel(skin)果皮shell(硬)果壳去壳husk(干)果壳(玉米)苞叶timber木材木料log圆木trunk树干branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝bark树皮peel剥削剥落herb香草药草lawn草坪meadow草地，牧场prairie大草原jungle丛林shrub(bush)灌木shrub灌木cluster一簇(灌木)丛生bunch串束photosynthesis光合作用symbiotic共生的symbiosis共生wither(shrivel,fade)凋谢pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉pollination授粉cell细胞tissue组织organ器官system系统root pressure根压cohesion-tension凝聚压力bore腔，肠rosette玫瑰形饰物orchid兰花淡紫色sequoia红杉美洲杉laurel月桂树12人类社会archaeology考古学archeologist考古学家anthropology人类学ethnology人种学,人类文化学anthropologist人类学家paleoanthropologist古人类学家ecological anthropologist生态人类学家psychological anthropologist心理人类学家unearth发掘发现scoop汲取挖掘exhume掘出excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘ruins遗迹，废墟relic遗物，文物remnant残余;遗迹artifact手工艺品porcelain瓷器archaic古的antique古物，古董。