汉译英格式规范

汉译英格式规范
汉译英格式规范

汉译英翻译格式规范

I 格式规范

1. 正文标题、机构名称、图表格名称和表头中所有单词(除虚词外)的首字母均大

写;但标题为句子的情况除外;

2. 译文中出现的标准、规范名称,单独出现时每个单词首字母均应大写并斜体,不

加引号;在表格中出现时不用斜体;

3. 摄氏度符号统一从“符号”“Times new roman”中找到“°”(位于最右一列)插

入,然后在后面加上大写“C”,即“°C”;

4. 排比和并列的内容,标点应统一。一般做法是中间采用“;”,最后一个采用“.”,

最后一个与倒数第二个之间用“; and”;

5. 数值范围的表示形式应是:110-220 kV,而不是110 kV~220 kV;注意:数字和

连字符之间没有空格,数字和单位之间有空格数字与单位之间要加一个空格,但“°C”、“°F”和“%”除外;

6. 在英文中,百分号应采用英文半角“%”,而不可采用中文全角“%”;

7. 公式中的符号从“插入公式”中选择;

8. 文本框中第一个单词首字母大写;

9. 1号机组和2号机组、一期和二期的表示方法:Unit 1 & 2;Phase I & II;

10. 第x条(款、项)和第y条(款、项)的表示方法:Article x and Article y,即表

示条(款、项)的词不能省略;

11. 文件中出现公式时,公式后说明性文字的“其中”、“式中”统一译为“Where:”,

注意其后加冒号;对公式中的字母和符号进行解释时,采用“-”,其前后均不空格,“-”后的首字母为小写;公式后的说明要用分号,最后采用句号。例如:

Where:

F sc-short circuit current force (lb/ft);

V-velocity;

P-gas density.

12. 冒号后首字母小写;

13. 大于号、小于号、等号两边均有空格;

14. 表格的标题和标题栏字体加粗;

15. 注意上下标与原文一致;

16. 直径符号φ的输入方法:插入,符号,字体选择Symbol,然后选择输入φ,并采用

斜体;

17. 日期按译文语言,应采用公历,按月、日、年顺序排列,例如,December 1, 2006;

18. 译文的章节与条款编号,应与原文一致,有问题提出;

19. 翻译中,数字应重点关注,均应与原文核对;

20. 标点符号按英文惯例,英文中应全部采用英文半角符号,不得出现全角的顿号(、)

逗号(,)句号(。)引号(“”)冒号(:)分号(;)括号();

21. 货币的表示方法,RMB或USD后加上数字,例如一百万元:RMB 1,000,000;

22. 注意单复数问题,主谓单复数要统一,WORD文件中会自动以红色或绿色下划线

标注;

23. 需要的空格应加上,如括号“(”与其前面的单词要空一个空格,“)”与其后面的

单词要空一个空格。

II 术语和表达规范

1. 译本中一级目录标题:与前言、范围和规范性引用文件同一级的“总则”(或“一

般规定”)统一译为“General”,其他的“基本规定”、“一般规定”视情况处理,可译为general provision or basic provision等;

2. 缩写词首次出现(整个文件中第一次出现)时要给出全称,此后用缩写;

3. Equation和formula可通用,但在同一个文件中要求统一;

4. “扩建”译为expansion,相应的动词形式为expand;

6. 标准中的符号、代号、计量单位、公式应直接引用原文;

7. 人员的中文姓名译成英文时,采用标准汉语拼音,多音字的问题。外籍人员的姓

名应按其原姓名或相应的英文姓名表达。地名、团体名、机构名,使用惯用译名。

无惯用译名的,可自行翻译,必要时附注原文;

8. 法律、法规、规范性文件等名称应采用官方或既定译法,其他文件、著作、文献

名称采用既定译法;

9. 译文的句式结构或修辞方式应符合英语的表达习惯;

10. 原文中普遍使用“~”符号,翻译处理为“to”或“-”;

11. 全篇术语要统一;

12. 页眉页脚,字号小五,应通篇查看。

附录词法和句法总结

Including和such as的用法

Before和after的用法;

Equipped with和provided with/furnished with的用法;Piping、pipe、pipeline和tube的用法;

No less than/not less than和no more than/not more than的用法;Adopt和use的用法;

In case of和in the case of的用法;

Affect、inhibit、impact的用法;

V olume、flow、quantity的用法;

Access和equipment没有复数形式。

英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力,集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样,我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然,任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为,需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感,渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业,而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

汉译英常用技巧

词汇汉译英常用技巧(1)对等译法 对等是翻译的最高境界,但完全的对等几乎是不可能的。所以,可以采取大致对等的手法(所谓大致对等,是指比喻的方式基本一致,但意象,也就是比喻所用的image发生了改变): e.g.1.扪心自问,他不得不承认自己错了。 By searching his heart, he could not but admit that he was in the wrong. 2.你真是福星高照。 You have a lucky star above you. 3.我们必须全力以赴,拿下这场比赛。 We must go all out to win this game. 4.你真不该插手他们的事情。 You really shouldn’t have poked your nose into their business. 5.那种情形之下,他除了忍气吞声又能怎样呢? As things stood, what could he do but swallow the insult? 6.他们个个摩拳擦掌,士气高涨,准备再打一个漂亮仗。 Being in high morale, every one of them rolled up their sleeves, eager to win another brilliant victory.

7.为了救他的母亲,他赴汤蹈火。 He went through fire and flood to save his mother. 8.在纽约市寻找一个失落的小孩,那简直是大海捞针。 Looking for a missing child in New York City. Tha t’s like looking for a needle in a hay stack. 9.对问题视而不见并不能解决问题。 Turning a blind eye to a problem won’t solve the problem. 10.为了迷人眼目,他们把自己打扮成革命者。 To throw dust into the eye of the public, they decked themselves out as revolutionaries. 11.有时候老虎走近些,但对驴子还是敬而远之。 Sometimes the tiger ventured nearer, but still kept a respectable distance from the donkey. Exercise : 1.哀公问于孔子曰,寡人闻之,东益宅不祥,信有之乎?孔子曰,不祥有五,而东益不与焉。夫损人益己,身之不祥也;弃老取幼,家之不祥也;择贤用不肖,国之不祥也;老者不教,幼者不学,俗之不祥也;圣人伏匿,天下之不祥也。兆:presage ;omen 损人益己:to harm others to benefit oneself 贤:solon/sagacious person 不肖:unworthy 俗:custom 圣人:sage/saint 伏匿/匿伏:to stay in concealment

(完整版)中考英语汉译英专题讲解与练习

谈中考英语句型转换 完成句子一般是指根据所给汉语完成句子。这类题型主要检测学生的语言基础和对语法知识的掌握,如时态、语态、主从复合句等,特别应注意固定短语及常用的习惯搭配的积累,还要注意区别英汉表达上的差异,两种语言在句型结构、词语对应上的不同之处。答题时,要判断所给句子该译成简单句、并列句还是复合句,并灵活运用英语句型结构;要考虑使用什么时态、语态;要注意用法表达的准确性,选准单词,才能使译句表达得清楚、准确。当然,还要注意书写干净、工整,有一个好的卷面。 完成句子题型通常有4种形式:(1)根据所给的汉语完成英语句子,每空字数不限;(2)根据括号里的汉语提示,完成英语句子,每空字数不限;(3)根据所给汉语完成句子,每空一词;(4)根据中文写出相应的英文,即将整句汉语译成英语。 一、根据所给汉语(或根据括号里的汉语提示)完成句子,每空字数不限 这两类考题相对容易一些。由于不受字数的限制,一旦遇到不会表达的单词或短语,可以绕开,在不影响基本意思的前提下使用同义词语、同义句型或同义表达方式。 【真题引导1】 根据所给的汉语完成下列句子,每空字数不限。 1. 李平昨晚花了半小时做功课。_______Li Ping ______ his homework last night. 2. 向右转,你就会看到一间绿树环绕的屋子。 ___________ and you'll see a house_________ . 3. 天色渐晚,我想我们该回家了。It's __________, so I think it's time __________. 4. 我们怎样才能与邻里和睦相处呢?How __________________our neighbors? 5. 那所新学校美丽得像个大花园。That new school is _______ that it _________. 6. 我们确信润扬大桥将有助于扬州更快发展We ________the Runyang Bridge will ______. 【真题引导2】 根据括号里的汉语提示,完成下列英语句子,每空字数不限。 1. These new cars are ______________ (中国制造). 2. To drink more water every day is _____________ (对你有好处). 3. The picture is beautiful, ___________ (让我看看). 4. ______________ (在他的帮助下), I've made greatprogress in English. 5 .He asks me _________________ (我是否有空). 【巩固训练】 A)根据所给的汉语完成下列句子,每空字数不限。 1. 中国政府正忙于为2008年北京奥运会做准备。 The Chinese government ____________getting ready for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. 2. 他的梦想就是长大后像杨利伟一样当一名宇航员。 His dream is to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei when he __________________. 3. 你应该学会如何与老师和同学相处。 You should learn how to ________________with your teachers and schoolmates. 4. 学校里所有的教室与实验室都必须保持干净和整洁。 All the classrooms and labs in the school must _________ clean and tidy. 5. 你得努力学习,否则你将落后于其他同学。Study hard,__________ your classmates. 6. 不久我们会再次见面的。It _______________ we see each other again. 7. 只有麦克回答了那个问题。________________ answered the question. 8. 他说得太快了,别人听不懂。He spoke ______________ others understood. 9. 不要阻止孩子们尝试他们的新想法。Don't stop the children __________________. 10. 你还有别的什么忘在家里了吗?Do you have anything __________________? 11. 孩子们将那猴子团团围住,然后抓住它送到了动物园。 The children __________________the monkey,__________________ and sent to the zoo. 12. 你最好在他改变主意之前把机票费帮他付了。 You'd better __________________ the air ticket for him before he __________________. 13. 图书馆仅这个月就借给学生两千多本书。

英语翻译答案

汉译英 1.广场舞是社区中老年居民以健身、社交等为目的在广场、公园等开敞的地方进行的健身操或舞蹈,通常以高分贝的音乐伴奏。广场舞在中国大陆无论南北皆十分普遍。对于广场舞的确切认识,社会学界及体育界目前均未达成共识。广场舞的高分贝音乐常常造成噪音滋扰,因此许多居民反对在小区中跳广场舞。 The square dancing is a bodybuilding exercise or dance performed in wide and open places such as squares and parks among the middle-aged and old residents in communities, with the purpose of bodybuilding, socializing and so on, generally accompanied with high-pitched music. The square dancing is very popular all over mainland China, whether in the north or in the south. Neither the sociological circle nor the sports circle has currently reached a consensus on the exact perception of the square dancing. The high-pitched music of the square dancing often causes noisy disruption, and therefore many residents are opposed to the square dancing in communities. 2.故宫,又称紫禁城,是明、清两代的皇宫,二十四位皇帝在此生活起居和处理政务。它是世界现存最大、最完整的木质结构的古建筑群(architectural complex)。宫殿墙壁的色调以红色和黄色为主,红色代表快乐、好运和财富,而黄色代表帝王的神圣和尊贵。近十几年来,故宫平均每年接待中外游客600-800万人次,随着旅游业的繁荣,游客人数有增无减,可见人们对故宫的兴趣长盛不衰。 The Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, was the palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties where 24 emperors lived and handled government affairs. It is the largest and most complete existing ancient wooden architectural complex in the world. The palace wall was painted mainly in red and yellow. Red represents happiness, luck and fortune while yellow symbolizes imperial holiness and dignity. In recent decades, the Imperial Palace is visited annually by six to eight million tourists at home and abroad. Moreover, with flourishing tourism industry, the number of tourists keeps increasing. It shows people’s everlasting and unfading interest in the Imperial Palace. 3.《新闻联播》是中国中央电视台(CCTV)每日播出的一个新闻节目。节目每次播出时长一般为30分钟。它被中国大陆大多数地方频道同时转播,这使得它成为世界上收看人数最多的节目之一。自从1978年1月1日首次播出以来,它就以客观、生动、丰富的纪实手段记录着中华大地每一天的变化。作为中国官方新闻资讯类节目,《新闻联播》以沉稳、庄重的风格著称。 Xinwen Lianbo is a news program broadcast by China Central Television (CCTV) every day. It generally takes 30 minutes every time to broadcast the program. It is relayed simultaneously by most local television channels in the mainland of China, which makes it one of the world’s most-watched programs. Since it was first broadcast on January 1st, 1978, it has been recording the changes of every day throughout China by documentary means that is objective, vivid and rich. As the Chinese official news information program, Xinwen Lianbo is well-known for its

英语(汉译英)

公交常用英语 一、常用词语: 1、公共汽车 Bus 巴斯 2、出租车 Taxi 太克sei 3、电车 Trolleybus 超类巴斯 4、您好 Hello / How do you do. 好度有度 5、劳驾或请问 Excuse me…… A科斯Q私密 6、抱歉或对不起 Sorry 扫瑞 7、对不起打扰了 I’m sorry to trouble you 阿姆扫瑞兔揣宝有 8、谢谢 Thank you / Thanks 9、没关系 Not at all / It doesn’t matter 闹特爱特奥/ A特大怎特迈特 10、可以 It’s OK. A次欧凯 11、月票 commutation / monthly ticket 抗缪忒什/ 忙特雷忒K特 12、票价 carfare 卡fai尔 13、起点站 The starting stop 泽思达挺思道普 14、终点站 terminal / The Last stop 特妹闹泽拉斯特思道普 15、市区路线 Urban route 饿本入特 16、郊区路线 Suburban route 瑟波本入特 17、请等一下 Wait a moment 维特饿某们特 18、再见 Goodbye / Bye 19、首班车 The first bus 泽发斯特巴斯 20、末班车 The last bus 泽拉斯特巴斯 21、驾驶员 Driver 拽玩儿 22、乘务员 Conductor 肯达科特儿 23、调度员 Dispatcher 得死派车儿 24、请上车 Get on please 盖特昂普类似 25、请下车 Get off please 盖特奥夫普雷斯 26、中国济南 Jinan , China 济南柴那 27、空调车 Air-conditioned bus 艾尔可得什恩德巴斯 28、K系列豪华车 K series bus /可sei儿瑞丝巴斯 K series comfortable express 可sei儿瑞斯抗木否特包A科丝普ruai 丝 29、欢迎您! Welcome 维尔康目 30、先生,您好! How do you do , sir? 好读有度色儿31、小姐,你好! How do you do , miss?

汉译英的几种翻译技巧

汉译英的几种常用技巧(一)常用的翻译技巧1. 增译2. 减译(省译)3. 重复 4. 转译 5. 语序(词序/句序)调整(倒置) 6. 拆句与合并7. 正说反译, 反说正译8. 语态变换 1.增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达 方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。 这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。 英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思完整。 总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。 1. I am looking forward to the holidays. 我们等待假日的到

2.Much of our morality is customary. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。 3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人精确。 4.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 5. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.) 6. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 7. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 8. 班门弄斧 Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 9. 三个臭皮匠, 顶个诸葛亮。

汉译英

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汉译英答案3

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汉译英翻译方法

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中考英语专项复习资料的翻译 --汉译英

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