Using Subdivision Surfaces for 3-D Reconstruction from Noisy Data

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基于改进catmull-clark细分算法的曲面优化

基于改进Ｃａｔｍｕｌｌ￣Ｃｌａｒｋ细分算法的曲面优化
吴禄慎ꎬ王启宇
( 南昌大学机电工程学院ꎬ江西南昌３３００３１)
摘要:为解决细分过程中曲面网格增长速度过快的问题ꎬ以二面角准则为自适应细分准则ꎬ提出一种基于顶点
平坦度的Ｃａｔｍｕｌｌ￣Ｃｌａｒｋ自适应细分算法ꎮ 该算法通过计算顶点１－邻域内所有面之间的法向夹角ꎬ定义顶点平坦度
ＫｅｙＷｏｒｄｓ:ｓｕｒｆａｃｅｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎꎻＣａｔｍｕｌｌ￣Ｃｌａｒｋｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎꎻｄｉｈｅｄｒａｌａｎｇｌｅꎻｖｅｒｔｅｘｆｌａｔｎｅｓｓ
曲面重构是应用数学方法将散乱点云构建成一
个近似于物体原型的模型ꎮ 根据重构曲面的多种表
示形式ꎬ常见的曲面重构方法有参数曲面重构 [１－２] 、
ｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｂｙａｄｊｕｓｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｉｚｅｏｆｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｔｈｒｅｓｈｏｌｄꎬｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙｒｅｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｒａｔｅｏｆｍｅｓｈｅｓꎬｒｅｄｕｃｅ
ｍｅｍｏｒｙｓｐａｃｅａｎｄｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｔｉｍｅꎬａｎｄｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｏｆｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ.
从而改善细分曲面的光顺度ꎮ 林传銮 [１２] 改进Ｃａｔ￣
ｍｕｌｌＣｌａｒｋ细分并通过顶点法向量约束对新网格进
收稿日期:２０１９－１２－１９ꎮ
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(５１０６５０２１ꎬ５１３６５０３７) ꎮ
作者简介:吴禄慎(１９５３—) ꎬ男ꎬ教授ꎬ博士生导师ꎬｗｕｌｕｓｈｅｎ＠１６３.ｃｏｍꎮ
ｐｌｅꎬｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｗａｓｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｄｅｄｕｓｉｎｇｔｈｅＣａｔｍｕｌｌ￣ＣｌａｒｋａｄａｐｔｉｖｅａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍａｎｄｔｈｅｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌＣａｔｍｕｌｌ￣Ｃｌａｒｋａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ.

Research Interests

Curriculum Vitae:Fuhua (Frank) ChengPersonal Data:Home Address:3180 Pepperhill Rd., Lexington, Kentucky40502-3551Business Address:Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40506-0046 Citizenship: USAPhone: Ofﬁce (859) 257-6760Home (859) 268-5823Fax: (859)323-1971E-mail: cheng@URL: /˜cheng//GeoWebCad/ (Graphics & Geometric Modeling Lab) Career GoalMy ambition is to be the Head of a School/Department at a major university.My achievement, knowledge, skills and experience have prepared me very well for such a position.Research InterestsComputer graphics, geometric modeling, CAD.Education:9/80−5/82 Ph.D.,Math (major) & CIS (minor), Ohio State University,Columbus, Ohio9/78−5/80 M.S.,Computer and Information Sciences (CIS), Ohio State University,Columbus, Ohio6/77−5/78 M.S.,Mathematics, Ohio State University,Columbus, Ohio9/69−6/75 M.Sc.,Mathematics, Tsinghua University,Taiwan, R.O.C.Professional Experience:7/98−Prof., Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky7/95−Invited Visiting Prof., Dept. of Applied Math., Shandong University,Jinan, China.4/94−8/94 Visiting Prof., Dept. of Software, University of Aizu, Japan9/93−8/94 Project Director,Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan9/93−3/94 Visiting Prof., Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, Japan7/91−2/05 Vice President, Amchael Graphics, Lexington, Kentucky7/89−7/98 Assoc.Prof., Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky9/86−6/89 Assist.Prof., Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky9/82−8/86 Assoc.Prof., Institute of Computer and Decision Sciences, Tsinghua University,Taiwan, R.O.C. 8/75−5/77 Military service, Taiwan, R.O.C.Honors:•Best Teacher Award, ACM University of Kentucky Student Chapter & Upsilon Pi Epsilon Gamma Chapter,April 2007.•Plenary speaker (Topic: Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces), 2006 International Symposium on Information and Computational Science (ISICS’06), Dalian, China, August 15-18, 2006.•Member,Presidential Business Commission, (representing the State of Kentucky), National Republi-can Congressional Committee (NRCC), May 1, 2004 - present.•Businessman of the year 2003 (representing the State of Kentucky), Finalist, Executive Awards Com-mittee of the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC), April 1, 2004.•Invited speaker (Topic: Constrained Scaling of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces), 2003 Paciﬁc Workshop on Geometric Modeling, University of Calgary,October 7, 2003, Calgary,Canada.•Keynote Speaker,Annual Symposium in Mathematical Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University,Rich-mond, Kentucky, February 26, 1999•Senior Visitor,CAD Center,Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, Summer 1997, 1998, and 1999•Invited Visiting Professor,Shandong University,Jinan, China, 1995-present•Dr.Sun Yat-Sen Technology Invention Award, Taipei, 1985.Aw a rded for the design of the special hardware: Bezier Curve Generator (BCG).Professional Activities:•Member,International Program Committee,13th ACM Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling (2008),June 2-4, 2008, Stony Brook, New York.•Member,Program Committee,Geometric Modeling and Processing 2008,April 23-25, 2008, Hangzhou, China.•Member,International Program Committee,10th IASTED International Conference on Computer Graphics and Imaging (CGIM 2008),February 13-15, 2008, Innsbruck, Austria.•Member,International Program Committee,Paciﬁc Graphics 2007 (PG 2007),Oct. 29 - November 2, 2007, Maui, Hawaii.•Member,International Program Committee,10th International Conference on Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics 2007),October 15-18, 2007, Beijing, China.•Member,Program Committee,25th Computer Graphics International Conference (CGI 2007),May 30-June 2, 2007, Petropolis, Brazil.•Member,Program Committee,6th IFIP International Conference on Entertainment Computing 2007 (ICEC2007),September 20-22, 2007, Shanghai, China.•Member,Program Committee,11th ACM Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling 2007,June 4-6, 2007, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China.•Member,Conference Advisory Board,CAD’07,June 25-29, 2007, Honolulu, Hawaii.•Member,Program Committee,IASTED International Conference on Computer Graphics and Imag-ing (CGIM 2007),February 13-15, 2007, Innsbruck, Austria.•Member,Program Committee,IASTED International Conference on Graphics and Visualization in Engineering (GVE 2007),January 35, 2007, Clearwater,Florida.•Panelist,NSF Career Award Proposal Review Panel,October 23, 2006.•Member,Program Committee,International Symposium on Information and Computational Science (ISICS 2006),August 15-18, 2006, Dalian, China.•Member of Editorial Board,Journal of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics,July,2006 -present.•Member,Program Committee,Geometric Modeling and Processing ’2006,July 26-28, 2006, Pittsburgh, USA•Member,Program Committee,24th Computer Graphics International Conference (CGI 2006),June 26-28, 2006, Hangzhou, China.•Member,Conference Advisory Board,CAD’06,June 19-23, 2006, Phuket Island, Thailand.•Editor,Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Approximation Theory,November,2005 - present.•Reviewer,NSF Applied Math Program Proposal,March, 2005.•Member,Program Committee,CAD/Graphics 2005 (CAD/CG 2005),Dec. 7-10, 2005, Hong Kong, China•Member,Program Committee,Paciﬁc Graphics 2005 (PG 2005),Oct. 12-14, 2005, , Macao, China •Member of Editorial Board,Computer Aided Design and Applications,January,2005 - present.•Member,Conference Advisory Board,CAD’05,June 6-10, 2005, Bankok, Thailand.•Reviewer,NSF Career Award Proposal,November,2004.•Editor,Journal of Information and Computational Science,August, 2004 - present.•Member,Program Committee,IASTED International Conference on Computers Graphics and Imag-ing (CGIM 2004),August 16-18, 2004, Kauai, Hawaii, USA.•Invited Minisymposium Speaker (Topic: Subdivision Depth Computation and Adaptive Subdivision of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces), SIAM Conference on Geometric Design and Computing, November 10-13, 2003, Seattle, Washington.•Member,Program Committee,Geometric Modeling and Processing ’2004,April 13-15, 2004, Bei-jing, China.•Member,Conference Advisory Board,CAD’04,May 24-28, 2004, Pattaya Beach, Pattaya, Thailand.•Member,Program Committee,Paciﬁc Graphics 2003 (PG 2003),Oct. 8-10, 2003, Canmore, Alberta, Canada.•Member,Program Committee,Geometric Modeling and Processing ’2002,July 10-12, 2002, Tokyo, Japan.•Panelist,NSF Engineering Design Proposal Review Panel,April, 2002.•Panelist,NSF Engineering Design Proposal Review Panel,December,2000.•Member,Program Committee,Geometric Modeling and Processing ’2000(combination of the bian-nual Constructive Solid Modeling conference in United Kingdom and the bi-annual Geometric Mod-eling and Processing workshop in Korea), April 10-12, 2000, Hong Kong.•Session chair,Flexible Automation & Intelligent Manufacturing Automation,June 26-28, 2000, Uni-versity of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.•Member,Org a nizing Committee,Twenty-Eighth North American Manufacturing Research Confer-ence,May 23-26, 2000, Lexington, Kentucky.•Panelist,NSF Career Award Proposal Review Panel,November,1999.•Org a nizer of6th SIAM Conference on Geometric Design session, November 2-5, 1999, Sheraton Old To w n Hotel, Albuquerque, New Mexico.•Specialist referee, Ohio Board of Regents, Higher Education Information Project (HEI, formerly BORIS) and Higher Education Funding Commission, Columbus, Ohio, 12/1996-present.•Panelist,NSF Career Award Proposal Review Panel,January,1997.•Org a nizer,Workshop on ‘Computer Aided Geometric Modeling’, Tsinghua University,Hsinchu, Tai-wan, R.O.C., July 15 - 19, 1996.•Member,Coordinating Committee,19th CAPASUS Conference,June 23-25, 1995, Atlanta, Georgia.•Project Director,Intelligent Dental Care CAD/CAM System (IDCS) research project (9/93-8/94), Olympus Optical Co., Japan, responsible for system framework development.•Specialist referee, University and Polytechnic Grants Committee, Research Grants Council, Hong Kong, 1993-present.•Member,Program Committee, Workshop on Synthetic Worlds, December 13-17, 1994, Aizu-Waka-matsu, Japan.•Org a nizer of SIAM Conference session on Geometric Design, November 1-5, 1993, Radisson Hotel, Tempe, Arizona.•Org a nizer,Workshop on ‘Advanced Topics in Computer Graphics and Geometric Modeling’, Tsinghua University,Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C., August 3 - 7, 1992.•Committee member,Computer Science Division, Senior Government Ofﬁcer Examination, Taiwan, R.O.C., 1984.•Associate Editor,Scientiﬁc Eyes, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., 1984-1986.•Referee:National Science Foundation; Computer Aided Design; ACM Trans. on Graphics; Computer Graph-ics (SIGGRAPH), ACM Solid Modeling Conferences; International J. for Numerical Methods in Engineering; International J. of Computational Geometry and Applications; J. of Approximation Theory; Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing; IEEE Trans. on Visualization & Comp-puter Graphics; J. of Math. Analysis and Applications; University Grants Council of Hong Kong;Computers and Mathematics with ApplicationsProfessional Associations:Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), ACM SIGGRAPH, IEEE Computer Society,Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), SIAM Activity Group on Geometric Design, American Soci-ety of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)Supervision:Undergraduate Research Assistants:•Luis Velez, Collaborative CAD, 6/4/01-8/3/01.•Ricardo Baratto, Collaborative CAD, 6/1/99-8/31/99.•Billy Mullins, Collaborative CAD, 9/1/97-7/30/98.•Tim Lok, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-5/31/98.•Chris Wells, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-12/31/98.•Chris Crocket, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-8/31/98.•Mike Partington, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-5/5/97.•Russell Hampton, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-/6/31/97.•Aaron Dossett, Collaborative CAD, 1/15/97-5/5/97.Visiting Scholars:•Qi Duan, Dept of Applied mathematics, Shandong University of Technology,Jinan, Shandong, China. Supervising period: 7/1/89-12/31/89, 8/1/96 - 5/1/97.•Xiaoming Zeng, Dept of mathematics, Xiamen University,China. Supervising period: 9/1/02-11/30/02.•Xianxu Meng, College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University,China. Super-vising period: 8/17/01-11/16/01.PhD and Postdoctoral Advisees:•Jianbao Wu, Ph.D., Mathematics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, August 2007.Supervising period: 11/1/07 - present.•Fengtao Fan,Shape Reconstruction using Subdivision Surfaces,May 2009 (anticipated graduation time).•Shuhua Lai,Subdivision Surface based One-Piece Representation,September 2006. (currently with Virginia State University)•Junhai Yong, Ph.D., Computer Science, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, September 2000.Supervising period: 11/1/00 - 9/30/02.(currently with Tsinghua University,Beijing, China)•Pifu Zhang, Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering (Computer Aided Design), University of Hunan, Chang-sha, Hunan, china, July,1998. Supervising period: 9/1/98 - 12/31/00.(currently with Dalhousie Uni-versity,Halifax, Canada)•Caiming Zhang, Ph.D., Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology,Tokyo, Japan, December, 1994. Supervising period: 8/1/97 - 12/31/99. (currently with Shandong University,China)•William E. Toll,Point Based Approaches in Graphics,December 1998. (currently with Taylor Uni-versity,Indiana)•Huaijun Wu, Ph.D., Computer Science, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, June, 1997.Supervis-ing period: 9/1/97 - 7/31/98. (currently with MIT)•Yong Zhou, Ph.D., Computer Science, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, June 1, 1995.Supervis-ing period: 8/95 - 7/96. (currently with University of California, Los Angeles)•Xuefu Wang, Ph.D., Computer Science, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, July 1994.Supervising period: 8/94 - 1/97. (currently with Google, CA)•Ai-ping Bien,Blending Techniques for Parametric Surfaces,9/90-8/92. (left after past the qualify exam. currently with Computer Vision)•Jenn-Hua Lee,Shape Control and Shape Preserving with Interpolating Bezier Curves and Surfaces (co-advised with Prof. Shining Yang), July,1989. (currently with Yuantze University,Taiwan, R.O.C.)Master’s Project/Thesis Advisor:•Conglin Huang,Curvature Evaluation for Discrete Stuctures,Masters thesis, May 2008 (anticipated).•Jiaxi Wang,Parametrization of Doo-Sabin Subdivision Surfaces,Masters thesis, March 2008 (antici-pated).•Gang Chen,Subdivision Depth Computation for Extra-ordinary Patches,Masters Thesis, December 2005.•Jidong Qu,Shape Modeling using Subdivision Surfaces,Masters project, March 2005 (currently with Martek BioScience Corp, Winchester,KY).•Shiping Zou,Constrained Scaling of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces,Masters thesis, February 2004 (currently with UK Hospital).•Khageshwar Thakur,Shadow Generation Techniques,May 2002 (anticipated).(currently with Lex-Mark, Lexington, KY)•Ravichandran Mohamed,Information Storage for GeoWebCad,Masters project, April 2001.(cur-rently with Lucent Technologies, Hyannis, MA)•Shirish Pande,Real-Time Highlight Generation for Local Deformation,Masters project, April 2002.•Alice J. Lin,Outline Generation for 3D Polyhedra,Masters project, September 2000.•Rong Xing,A Collaboration Model for Collaborative CAD,Masters project, June 2000.(currently with Ticbo, California)•Zheng Zhang,Collaborative CAD: Conceptual model and implementation,Masters project, April 1999. (currently with HP in Cupertino, California)•Tom Whalen,Parallel Polygon Rendering Using An Additional Redistribution,Masters project, April 1999. (currently with Structural Dynamics Research Corporation (SDRC), Milford, Ohio)•W.Jack Goh,Infrastructure of Collaborative CAD on Web,Masters project, February 1999. (cur-rently in Singapore)•Songwen Xie,A3D Input Interface for a Shape Design Environmen,Masters Project, April 1996.(currently with Cincinnatti Bell Information Systems)•Gang Li,Volume Rendering: A Survey,Masters Thesis, April 1995.(currently with , MA)•Kai Zhao,The Theory of Formal Concept Analysis and Its Applications,Master Thesis (outside com-mittee member), Dept. of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, February 1995.•Yihong Feng,Parallel Scan Conversion based on Vertex Label Assignment,Master’s Project, Novem-ber 1993.•Aniruddha B. Deglurkar,Rendering of Trimmed NURB Surfaces,Master’s Thesis, August 1993. (cur-rently with Verity)•Weihua Lee,2D Shape Design Based on Curve Interproximation Technique,Masters Project, June 1993 (currently with Maxxar,Michigan).•Sundar Kingsley,Ray Tracing Medical Images,Masters project, August 1993.(currently running his own company PavSoft Solutions, Inc., Cockeyesville, Maryland 21030)•Feng Luo,A Parallel Mesh Subdivision Generator based on Vertex Label Assignment,Masters’ pro-ject, June 1993.•Atcharavan Vajarapong,A Post Processor for Surface Tessellation Using Z-Buffer Method,Masters Project, May 1993.•Thomas Papanicolaou,Scattered Data Interpolation and Smooth Surface Fitting,Masters project, December 1992. (currently with UK LCC as an Associate Professor of computer sicence)•Paul DeLetter,XTD: X Windows Three Dimensional Viewing Program, Version 1.3,Masters Thesis, January 1991.(currently with IBM)•Hong-De Luo,Three Dimensional Visualization of Computational Fluid Dynanics,Masters Project, January 1991.•Sreenath Shama,Shadow Generation and Shading of Three Dimensional Objects,Masters Thesis, June 1991.(currently with Security First Technologies)•Munish Mehra,Domain Subdivision for Mesh Generation and its Application in Modeling Objects Composed of 3D Free-Form Surfaces,Master Thesis, May 1991.(currently with MIMC Interna-tional Medical Consultants, Washington, D.C.)•Pramod Hangal,A Hidden Line Elimination Algorithm for Wireframe Objects,Masters Project, 1990.•Dinh Tran,Implementation of a Character Recognition System using Polar Representation of Planar Shapes,Masters Project, June 1989.•Yu-Kuo Yen,An Optimal Design of the Generation and Display of Pictures,Masters Thesis, May 1986.•Ming-Kuan Chang,Algorithms for Finding the Intersection of 3D Surfaces,Masters Thesis, May 1986.•Ming-Lian Huang,Automatic Contour Tracing: Survey&New algorithms,Masters Thesis, May 1986.•Meng-Yan Lin,An Algorithm for Computing the Intersections of 3D Polygons,Masters Thesis, May 1986.•Ing-Zhe Yang,Realistic Display of 3D Objects,Masters Project, May 1986.•Ying-Ming Lin,An algorithm to Cover Convex Polygons by Rectangles,Masters Thesis, May 1986.•Chi-Cheng Lin, Clipping of Bezier Curves and Surfaces, Masters Thesis, May 1985.•Chio-Hsin Wang,Clipping of Parametric Curves and Surfaces,Masters Thesis, June 1985.•Jun-Chi Hu,PC-MITHRAS, Part I: Graphical Output of Geometric Design and Graphics Kernel Sys-tem,Masters Thesis, May 1985.•Chen-Hung Hsu,PC-MITHRAS, Part II: Internal System Design of Geometric Data Structures and Graphics Kernel System,Masters Thesis, May 1985.•Chien-Ting Wu,Cut Operation in Free Form Surface Modeling,Masters Thesis, May 1984.•Jenn-Hua Lee,An Interactive Freeform Modeling System, Part I: Object and Picture Design,Masters Thesis, May 1984.•Chiao Lin,A Hidden Line Elimination Algorithm for Polyhedra,Masters Thesis, May 1984.•Lee Ding,A Study of the Geometric Properties of Bezier and B-Spline Curves,Masters Thesis, May 1984.•Wen-Chuan Liao,Subdivision and Joining of Bezier Curves and Surfaces,Masters Thesis, May 1984.•Ai-Ping Bien,Alternate Spline: A Generalized B-spline,Masters Thesis, May 1984.Courses Taught:Graduate Courses:Computer Animation; Computer Graphics; Computer-Aided Design; Spe-cial Topics in Graphics; Numerical AnalysisUndergraduate Courses:Graphics,Interfaces & Multimedia; Data Structures; AlgorithmDesign & Analysis; File Processing; Numerical Methods; Discrete & Combinatorial Math Invited Talks/Presentations:•Subdivision Surface based Modeling, Oklahoma State University,March 5, 2007.•Track of the Past and Vision for the Future, University of Toledo, February 23, 2007.•Research Overview, Departmental Vision and Teaching/Administrative Philosophy, University of Arkansas, January 19, 2007.•Shape Reconstruction using Subdivision Surfaces: Similarity based Interpolation, National Cheng-Kung University,Tainan, Taiwan, October 9, 2006.•Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, Tsinghua Uni-versity,Beijing, China, July 1, 2006.•Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, Shandong University of Economics, Jinan, China June 30, 2006.•Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, Shandong University,Jinan, China June 29, 2006.•Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, Ocean Univer-sity of China, Qingdao, China, June 28, 2006.•Near-Optimum Adaptive Tessellation of General Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, Xiamen Uni-versity,Xiamen, China, June 25, 2006.•Subdivision Surface based Shape Design, McMaster University,Canada, April 17-19, 2006.•Subdivision Surface based Shape Design, University of Missouri, Columbia, March 8-10, 2006.•Tessellation, Fairing, Shape Design and Trimming Techniques for Subdivision Surface based Model-ing, 2005 NSF Design, Service and manufacturing Grantees and Research Conference, January 3-7, 2005, Scottsdale, Arisona.•Constrained Scaling of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, State University of New York at Stony Brook, August 10, 2004.•Subdivision Surface based one-piece representation II, NSF/DARPA CARGO Annual Review Meet-ing, Madison, Wisconsin, May 18-20, 2004.•Parametrization and Evaluation of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, International Workshop on Geometric and Visual Computing, April 18-20, 2004, Jinan, China.•Constrained Scaling of Subdivision Surfaces, 2004 NSF Design, Service and manufacturing Grantees and Research Conference, January 5-8, 2004, Dallas, Texas.•Subdivision Depth Computation and Adaptive Subdivision of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, SIAM Conference on Geometric Design and Computing, Minisymposium, November 10-13, 2003, Seattle, Washington•Constrained Scaling of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces, 2003 Paciﬁc Workshop on Geometric Modeling, University of Calgary,October 7, 2003, Calgary,Canada.•Subdivision Surface based one-piece representation I, NSF/DARPA CARGO Annual Review Meet-ing, Santa Rosa, California, May 12-14, 2003.•Constrained Design, Streamline Modeling, Automatic Fairing and Automatic Joining Techniques for NURB Surfaces III,Proc. 2003 NSF Design, Service and manufacturing Grantees and Research Conference,January 6-9, 2003, Birmingham, Alabama.•Constrained Design, Streamline Modeling, Automatic Fairing and Automatic Joining Techniques for NURB Surfaces II,Proc. 2002 NSF Design, Service and manufacturing Grantees and Research Con-ference,January 7-10, 2002, Puerto Rico.•Constrained Design, Streamline Modeling, Automatic Fairing and Automatic Joining Techniques for NURB Surfaces I,Proc. 2001 NSF Design, Service and manufacturing Grantees and Research Con-ference,January 7-10, 2001, Tampa, Florida.•Smooth Surface Connection with Tension Control, Shandong University,Jinan, China June 16, 2000.•Smooth Surface Connection with Tension Control, Xiamen University,Xiamen, China, June 14, 2000.•Smooth Surface Connection with Tension Control, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, June 11, 2000.•The GEO-WEB-CAD project III - Synchronization Mechanism in WebCAD,Proc. 2000 NSF Design and manufacturing Grantees Conference,January 5-8, 2000, Vancour,Canada.•Constrained Scaling of Trimmed NURBS Surfaces,Proc. 1st Honda Initiation Grant Symposium, May 20-21, 1999, Columbus, Ohio.•Issues in shape design: constrained surface scaling, surface fairing, and constrained surface design -from questions to solutions, Ford Research Lab., Dearborn, Michigan, May 12, 1999.•Research results in: (1) constrained scaling of trimmed NURBS surfaces, (2) removing shape irregu-larities by modifying highlight lines, and (3) a uniﬁed approach for blending, smoothing and interpo-lation, Structural Dynamics Research Co. (SDRC), Mildford, Ohio, March 24, 1999.•Geometric/Solid Modeling and Their Applications, Keynote speaker,Annual Symposium in Mathe-matical Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University,Richmond, Kentucky, February 26, 1999.•The GEO-WEB-CAD project II,proc. 1999 NSF Design and manufacturing Grantees Conference, January 5-8, 1999, Los Angels•Triangular Patch Modeling Using Combination Method, Fudan University,Shanghai, China, May 24, 1998.•Triangular Patch Modeling Using Combination Method, Zhejiang University,Hongzhou, China, May 21, 1998.•Triangular Patch Modeling Using Combination Method, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, May 13, 1998.•Proc. 1998 NSF Design and Manufacturing Grantees Conference,January 5-8, 1998, Monterrey, Mexico.•The GEO-WEB-CAD project I,Proc. 1998 NSF Design and Manufacturing Grantees Conference, January 5-8, 1998, Monterrey, Mexico.•Blending, Smoothing and Interpolation of Irregular Meshes Using N-sided Varady Patches, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology,Hong Kong, March 11, 1997.•A New Technique of Designing High Quality Smooth Surfaces for Industrial CAD Applications, Ford Research Lab., Dearborn, Michigan, March 5, 1997.•Shape Design with Physical Constraints, University of California, Davis, CA, January 6, 1997.•New Computation Techniques for Shape Modeling and Design II,Proc. 1997 NSF Design and manu-facturing Grantees Conference,January 7-10, 1997, Seattle, W A.•Speaker of a 5-day Workshop on ‘Geometric Modeling’, Tsinghua University,Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C., July 15 - 19, 1996.•New Computation Techniques for Shape Modeling and Design,Proc. 1996 NSF Design and Manu-facturing Grantees Conference,January 2-5, 1996, Albuquerque, NM.•Boundary Representation, Intersection, and Evaluation of NURB Based Non-Manifold CSG Objects, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, May 30, 1995.•Hermite Interpolation with Tension Control and Optimal Twist Vectors, Shandong University of Technology,Jinan, China, May 22, 1995.•Rendering of Trimmed NURB Surfaces, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, November 18, 1993.•Speaker of a 3-day Workshop on ‘Advanced Topics on Graphics and Geometric Modeling’, Tsinghua University,Beijing, China, August 12 - 16, 1992.•Surface and Mesh Generation using Label-Driven Subdivision, IBM Kingston Graphics Lab., New York, November 28, 1990.•Label-Driven Subdivision and Its Applications, University of Maryland, Washington, D.C., Novem-ber 29, 1990.•Label-Driven Subdivision: A new technique in computer graphics and CAD, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, April 30, 1990.•(a) Automatic Mesh Generation Based on Vertex Label Assignment Scheme, (b) Fitting Using Bezier Curves and Surfaces with Tension Control, University of Shandong, Jinan, Shandong, China, June, 1988.•Free-Form Surface Modeling, Workshop on Engeering Analysis and Computer-Aided Design, Uni-versity of Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., July 22-26, 1985.•Bezier Curve Generator - the Fitst step towards a Geometric Engine, First workshop on Hardware Design based upon Algorithms, Tsinghua University,Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C., 1985.Service:University:•University Faculty Senator (representing the College of Engineering), August 16, 2006 - August 15, 2008.•University Faculty Senator (representing the College of Engineering), August 16, 2004 - August 15, 2006.•Faculty Advisor,University of Kentucky Chinese (Taipei) Students Association, 1996-1997.•Faculty Advisor,University of Kentucky Chinese Alliance for Democracy, 1991-1992.•Faculty Advisor,University of Kentucky Chinese (P.R.C.) Students Association, 1991-1992.•Faculty Advisor,University of Kentucky Chinese (Taipei) Students Association, 1989-1990.Department:•Chair,Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 2004-2005.•Member,Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 2002-2003.•Chair,Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1998-1999.•Member,Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1996-1997.•Member,Graduate Committee, Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, 1994-pre-sent.•Member,Chairman Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, 1993.•Graduate Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1991-1992.•Chair,Equipment Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1989-1990.•Undergraduate Curriculum Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1988-1989.•Equipment Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1988-1989.•Graduate Curriculum Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1987-1988.•Search Committee, Department of Computer Science, UK, 1987-1988.Research Support:1.Portable Digital Mouth and Occlusion Reproducer,Kentucky Sciece & Technology Corporation(CIF-712-COM), 4/1/2007-3/31/09, $150,000.2.On New Algorithms of Curve and Surface Modeling Based on the Probabilistic Type Operators andProbability Distribution(Co-PI), NSF of China (NSFC-10571145), 2006/01/01-2008/12/31, RMB$280,000 (US$35,000).3.Tessellation, Fairing,Shape Design, and Trimming Techniques for Subdivision Surface based Model-ing,NSF (DMI-0422126), 9/1/04-8/31/08, $300,000.4.Subdivision Surface based One-Piece Representation,NSF (DMS-0310645), 7/1/03-6/30/06,$99,941.5.Web Based Collaborative CAD,NSF (DMI-0118124), 4/1/01-3/31/02, $50,000.6.Constrained Design, Streamline Modeling,Automatic Fairing and Automatic Joining Techniques forNURB Surfaces,NSF (DMI-9912069), 5/1/00-4/30/04, $343,067.7.Constrained Surface Modiﬁcation II: Constrained Shape Scaling of Multi-Patch NURB Surfaces,Honda Initiation Grant Program (462586), 12/1/98-11/30/99, $25,000.(No overhead)8.Constrained Surface Modiﬁcation I: Constrained Shape Scaling of NURB Surface Patches,HondaInitiation Grant Program (461086), 8/1/97-7/30/98, $25,000.(No overhead)9.Creating High Quality Manufacturable Free-Form NURBS Surfaces Using Constrained Optimiza-tion,Ford Research Lab (5-37075), 6/1/97-5/31/00, $150,000.(No overhead)10.The GEO-WEB-CAD Project,NSF (INT-9722728), 2/15/1997-2/14/00, $102,522.11.Tele-Collaborative Geometric Modeling over Internet(joint research with University of Aizu, Japan;USA PI: Fuhua Cheng; Japanese PI: Kenjiro Miura), Japanese Ministry of Education, 9/96-8/98, 3,054,000Yen ($30,540).12.New Computation Techniques for Shape Modeling and Design,NSF (DMI-9400823),8/15/94-7/31/97, $270,000.13.Building a Non-Manifold Modeling System with a Virtual Environment Interface,Center for Roboticsand Manufacturing Systems, Kentucky, 7/1/95-6/31/96, $8,000.14.IDCS: An Intelligent Dental Care CAD/CAM System(Co-PI), Year one, Olympus Optical Co.,Tokyo, Japan, 10/1/93 - 9/30/94, 51,652,000 yen ($511,406).15. IBM Advanced Workstations and Systems Division,equipment support (RISC System/6000 Model730 Workstation),1992-1993.16.Tessellation of Trimmed NURB Surfaces,IBM Advanced Workstations and Systems Division(FBM090), 9/1/91 - 9/31/92, $40,527.17.Polygon Filling based on Vertex Classiﬁcation,Center for Computational Sciences, University ofKentucky, 7/1/90 - 6/30/91, $12,000.18.Parallel 2D & 3D Finite Element Mesh Generation,Center for Robotics and Manufacturing Systems,Kentucky(32-BV1), 3/1/90 - 2/28/91, $26,287.19.Depth Perception Via Stereo Focusing(Co-PI), Center for Robotics and Manufacturing Systems,Kentucky(24-BV1), 7/1/87 - 6/31/88, $57,481.puter-Aided End Game Simulation III,Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology,Taiwan,R.O.C., 9/1/85 - 8/31/86, NT$2,436,200 ($90,229).21.Automatic Finite Element Mesh Generator,Electronics Research & Service Organization, IndustrialTechnology Research Inst., Taiwan, R.O.C. (TH-ERSO-74-11), 9/1/85 - 8/31/86, NT$580,800 ($21,511).22.PC-MITHRAS: A 3D Free-Form Surface Modeling System,National Science Council, Taiwan,R.O.C. (NSC-74-0611-E007-01), 6/1/85 - 5/31/86, NT$170,500 ($6,315).。

Diamond Memory Lane Jr 数字延迟效果 педа l 用户手册说明书

Memory Lane JrDelay with variable sample rate modulation and tap tempoUser Manualv2.00 • January 12, 2012INTRODUCTIONThank you for purchasing a Diamond effect pedal!The Memory Lane Jr is a digital evolution of our original Memory Lane concept, the world’s ﬁrst analog delay with tap tempo.By utilizing the same variable sample rate concept used in analog bucket brigade modulation, and adding custom analog anti-aliasing and reconstruction ﬁlters and companding, we’ve captured the ethereal essence of the Memory Lane ... in a much smaller footprint, with over twice the delay time, an extended frequency response, and standard 9V powering. The MLJr digital sampling engine’s sole function is to copy, delay, and reproduce the delay path signal with no mathematical manipulation at all - and unlike standard audio codecs, there are no digital anti-aliasing and reconstruction ﬁlters. All signal paths around the sampling engine (direct path, feedback path, and everything before and after the digital sampler) are analog, paths carefully designed to provide a unique sonic signature that is unmistakably the Memory Lane Jr.We hope you’ll enjoy using this pedal as much as we have enjoyed designing it. Remember to protect your hearing and wear appropriate hearing protection when playing loud…FEATURES•1200 ms of delay time•Tap tempo with quarter note, dotted 8th note and triplet subdivisions•Adjustable modulation•Analog signal paths surrounding a simple sample-delay-playout engine•User selectable True Bypass or Buffered with Delay Trails operation•Premium audio components, including Panasonic capacitors and 0.5% resistors•Bi-color LEDs provides visual indication of tap subdivision and delay timeA NOTE ABOUT POWERING THE MEMORY LANE JRThe Diamond Memory Lane Jr is designed to be powered from either a 9V battery*(included), standard 9V negative tip DC power adapter or from a multi pedal power supply. Current draw is rated at a maximum of 70mA.!*Please note that battery life with a standard 9V is limited to approximately 2.5 hours. We recommend using a quality negative tip 9V power adapter designed for powering musical accessories or a 9V negative tip feed from a dedicated pedal power supply.QUICK START GUIDETo get started quickly using the Memory Lane Jr, simply turn the unit on, toggle the tap division switch(indicated by the symbol) until it turns green and adjust the DLY, FBK and MOD and MIX controls to taste. You can adjust the delay time using the DLY knob or by tapping the TAP/ DBL footswitch.Now that you’ve got the basics of the pedal down, read on to uncover the advanced features of the Memory Lane Jr.TRUE BYPASS OR DELAY TRAILS?The Memory Lane Jr ships with the pedal set for delay trails. When bypassed using the ON/OFF switch, the delay repeats will trail off naturally.Should you prefer to have the Memory Lane Jr operate in True Bypass mode, you will need to set the internal DIP switches as shown below:*Note that switch #1 is not related to the bypass setting but to the Kill-Dry mode noted below.USING A PARALLEL FX LOOP?If you plan on using the Memory Lane in a parallel FX loop and would like to control the effect mix using your amp control, we recommend setting the Memory Lane Jr to ‘Kill-Dry Mode’. In this mode, the pedal will output only the delays and not the dry signal. To select ‘Kill-Dry’simply set DIP switch 1 as shown below:CONTROLS EXPLAINEDDLYThe DLY knob sets the delay time manually between 16 and 1200 milliseconds. Note that the delay time can also be set using the TAP/DBL footswitch.The right side LED flashes at the current tempo to provide visual indication of the delay time.MODThe MOD knob sets the depth of the modulation effect applied to the delay repeats. Turning the control clockwise will increase the modulation effect. Turning this control to minimum will disable the modulation.SUBDIVISION Switch ( )This toggle switch allows you to toggle through the choice of 3 different subdivisions for the tap tempo function plus one special delay mode. Each subdivision is indicated by a different colorGreen-What you tap is what you get mode. The interval between taps equals thedelay time.Orange- Dotted 8th note mode. Tapping on the beat at the desired tempo will result in echoes which will sound in dotted 8th note rhythm.Red- quarter note triplet mode. Tapping on the beat at the desired tempo willresult in a quarter note triplet rhythm (3 repeats per beat). in DBL mode the result will be 8th note triplets.*Note that it is possible to set the delay time for a particular tempo and thentoggle through the various subdivisions. The Memory Lane Jr will recalculate the delay time ‘on the ﬂy’. It is not necessary to re-tap the tempo.RED/GREEN Flashing- Continuously variable delay time. In this mode, varying the delay time using the DLY knob or the tap tempo will result in the classic pitch bending sound common to analog delays allowing for some extremely interesting effects. Holding down the TAP footswitch until the left LED turns red will halvethe delay time and shift the pitch of the current repeats down an octave. Holdingdown the footswitch again will do the reverse, doubling the delay time andshifting the pitch of the current repeats up an octave. Note that the available delay time in this mode is limited to 600ms.FBKThe FBK knob determines the number of repeats that will result from a played note or chord. Turning this control clockwise increases the number of repeats. Setting this control to minimum will result in a single repeat.TAP/DBLThe TAP/DBL footswitch provides two functions. First tapping the pedal sequentially sets the delay time between 16 and 1200 milliseconds, corresponding with the speed tapped. Second, holding the TAP/DBL footswitch down switches the pedal to double mode, immediately cutting the current delay time in half which in effect doubles the current tempo. While in double mode, tapping in a new tempo will result in half the delay time tapped. This is extremely useful for setting short delay times which would otherwise be very difﬁcult to tap accurately.Please note that there is also an alternate function available for the TAP/DBL switch. Should you wish to make the modulation footswitchable rather than accessing the DBL mode, simply hold down the TAP/DBL footswitch while powering on the Memory Lane Jr. The TAP/DBL footswitch will now function as a TAP/MOD footswitch, turning the modulation on or off when the footswitch is held down. To return to stock operation, simply repeat the power on/footswitch down process.WARRANTYYour Diamond pedal is covered by a 5 year warranty on materials and workmanship. Please contact us by telephone (902-832-7139) or email ********************** if you experience any problems with your pedal. We’re here to help!。

ANSYS 提示错误解决办法

之蔡仲巾千创作NO.0001ESYS is not valid for line element. 原因：是因为我使用LATT的时候，把“--”的那个不小心填成了“1”。

经过ANSYS的命令手册里说那是没有用的项目，但是根据我的理解，这些所谓的没有用的项目实际上都是ANSYS在为后续的版本留接口。

对于LATT，实际上那个项目可能就是单元坐标系的设置。

当我发现原因后，把1改成0——即使用全局直角坐标系，就没有WARNING了。

当然，直接空白也没有问题。

NO.0002使用*TREAD的时候，有的时候明明看文件好好的，可是却出现*TREAD end-of-file in data read. 后来仔细检查，发现我TXT的数据文件里，分隔是采取TAB键分隔的。

但是在最后一列后面，如果把鼠标点上去，发现数据后面还有一个空格键。

于是，我把每个列最后多的空格键删除，然后发现上面的信息就没有了。

NO.0003Coefficient ratio exceeds 1.0e8 - Check results. 这个大概是跟收敛有关，但是我找不到具体的原因。

我建立的一个桥梁分析模型，尽管我分析的结果完全符合我的力学概念判断，规律完全符合基本规律，数据也基本符合实际观测，但是却还是不竭出现这个警告信息。

NO.0004*TREAD end-of-file in data read txt中的表格数据不完整！NO.0005No *CREATE for *END. The *END command is ignored 忘了写*END了吧，呵呵NO.0006Keypoint 1 is referenced by only one line. Improperly connected line set for AL command 两条线不共点,测验考试nummrg命令。

NO.0007L1 is not a recognized PREP7 command, abbreviation, or macro. This command will be ignored 还没有进入prep7，先：/prep7 NO.0008Keypoint 2 belongs to line 4 and cannot be moved 关键点2属于线4，移动低级体素时先移动高级体素！NO.0009Shape testing revealed that 32 of the 640 new or modified elementsviolate shape warning limits. To review test results, please see theoutput file or issue the CHECK command. 单元形状奇异，在我的模型中6面体单元的三个边长差距较大，可忽略该错误NO.0010用命令流建模的时候遇到的The drag direction (from the keypoint on drag line 27 that is closest to a keypoint KP of the given area 95) is orthogonal to the area normal at that KP. Area cannot be dragged by the VDRAG command.意思是拉伸源面的法向与拉伸路径垂直，不克不及使用VDRAG命令出现的环境ASEL,S,LOC,Z,143e-3VDRAG,ALL, , , , , , 27 本意是按位置z=143e-3位置的面，然后沿编号27的线拉伸，出错，之前用该语句没有任何问题。

三维重建网格模型的缺陷孔洞识别与修复方法

收稿日期：２０１８０９０４；修回日期：２０１８１１１５基金项目：广西科技计划重点项目（桂科攻１５９８０１０７）；桂林电子科技大学研究生教育创新计划资助项目（２０１７ＹＪＣＸ５３）；广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目（ＹＣＳＷ２０１７１４０）作者简介：温佩芝（１９６３），女，广西桂林人，教授，博士，主要研究方向为图形图像处理、三维重建、图像分割（ｗｐｚｓｉａ＠１６３．ｃｏｍ）；雷永庆（１９９２），男，湖北荆州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为图形图像处理、三维重建、机器学习；孙梦龙（１９９２），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为图像分割、深度学习．三维重建网格模型的缺陷孔洞识别与修复方法温佩芝ａ，ｂ，雷永庆ａ，ｂ，孙梦龙ａ，ｂ（桂林电子科技大学ａ．计算机与信息安全学院；ｂ．广西图像图形智能处理重点实验室，广西桂林５４１００４）摘　要：针对三维重建网格模型经常出现异常缺失孔洞的问题，提出一种缺陷孔洞自动识别与孔洞区域细节特征保持的曲面修复方法。

首先对缺失区域的上下文及轮廓曲线进行异常检测以判断是否为缺陷孔洞，确认为缺陷孔洞后对孔洞周边的特征线进行检测与匹配构造孔洞区域的基曲面；之后引进一个无约束的三角剖分对基曲面进行三角化；最后利用网格的各向异性进行细化及形态调整，改善网格的拓扑结构和几何性质。

实验结果表明，该方法能够有效地识别三角网格模型的缺陷孔洞区域并还原其细节特征。

关键词：三维重建；孔洞识别；孔洞修复；细节保持；特征线；各向异性中图分类号：ＴＰ３９１．４１文献标志码：Ａ文章编号：１００１３６９５（２０２０）０４０５９１２３４０５ｄｏｉ：１０．１９７３４／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００１３６９５．２０１８．０９．０７７３Ｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｈｏｌｅｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｈｏｌｅｆｉｌｌｉｎｇｆｏｒ３ＤｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｍｅｓｈｍｏｄｅｌｓＷｅｎＰｅｉｚｈｉａ，ｂ，ＬｅｉＹｏｎｇｑｉｎｇａ，ｂ，ＳｕｎＭｅｎｇｌｏｎｇａ，ｂ（ａ．ＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ＆ＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＳｅｃｕｒｉｔｙ，ｂ．ＧｕａｎｇｘｉＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏｆＩｎｔｅｌｌｉｇｅｎｔＰｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇｏｆＩｍａｇｅｓ＆Ｇｒａｐｈｉｃｓ，ＧｕｉｌｉｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，ＧｕｉｌｉｎＧｕａｎｇｘｉ５４１００４，Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ａｉｍｉｎｇｔｏｓｏｌｖｅｔｈｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆａｂｎｏｒｍａｌｍｉｓｓｉｎｇｈｏｌｅｓｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎ３Ｄｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｍｅｓｈｍｏｄｅｌｓｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ，ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄａｎｏｖｅｌｍｅｔｈｏｄｔｈａｔｈｏｌｅｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃａｌｌｙａｎｄｄｅｔａｉｌｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇｓｕｒｆａｃｅｒｅｐａｉｒａｒｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｈｏｌｅ．Ｆｉｒｓｔｌｙ，ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｗｈｅｔｈｅｒｔｈｅｈｏｌｅｗａｓａｒｅａｌｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｈｏｌｅ，ｉｔｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｅｘｔｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒｉｔｙａｎｄｃｏｎｔｏｕｒｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｍｉｓｓｉｎｇｒｅｇｉｏｎ．Ａｆｔｅｒｔｈａｔ，ｉｔｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄａｎｄｍａｔｃｈｅｄｔｈｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｌｉｎｅｓａｒｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｈｏｌｅ，ｗｈｉｃｈｗｅｒｅｔｏｆｏｒｍｔｈｅｆｕｎｄａｍｅｎｔａｌｓｕｒｆａｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｌｅａｒｅａ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｎｉｔｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｕｎｃｏｎｓｔｒａｉｎｅｄｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｂａｓａｌｓｕｒｆａｃｅ．Ｆｉｎａｌｌｙ，ｉｔｍａｄｅｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙｏｆｍｅｓｈｔｏｒｅｆｉｎｅａｎｄａｄｊｕｓｔｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｔｏｐｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｎｄｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｍｅｓｈ．Ｔｈｅｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｔｈｅｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄｍｅｔｈｏｄｃａｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙｔｈｅｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｈｏｌｅａｎｄｒｅｓｔｏｒｅｔｈｅｈｏｌｅａｒｅａ’ｓｄｅｔａｉｌｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｒｍｅｓｈｍｏｄｅｌｓｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ．Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：３Ｄｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ；ｈｏｌｅｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ；ｈｏｌｅｆｉｌｌｉｎｇ；ｄｅｔａｉｌｐｒｅｓｅｒｖｉｎｇ；ｆｅａｔｕｒｅｌｉｎｅｓ；ａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙ０　引言在数字几何应用领域，三角多边形网格模型因其良好的可视化、简单灵活的表现能力，被越来越多地用于计算机视觉与图形学中表示物体的几何形态。

基于空洞卷积与多尺度特征融合的室内场景单图像分段平面三维重建

传感技术学报CHINESE JOURNAL OF SENSORS AND ACTUATORS Vol.34No.3 Mar.2021第34卷第3期2021年3月Piecewise Planar3D Reconstruction for Indoor Scenes from a Single Image Based on Atrous Convolution and Multi-Scale Features Fusion*SUN Keqiang,MIAO Jun*9JIANG Ruixiang,HUANG Shizhong,ZHANG Guimei (Computer Vision Institute of Nanchang Hongkong University,Nanchang Jiangxi33Q063f China)Abstract:It is hard for pixel-level and regional-level3D reconstruction algorithms to recover details of indoor scenes due to luminous changes and lack of texture.A piecewise planar3D reconstruction method is proposed based on the convolution residual connection of the holes and the multi-scale feature fusion network.This model uses the shallow high-resolution detail features generated by the ResNet-101network with the added hole convolution to reduce the loss impact of spatial information as network structure deepens on the detail reconstruction,so that this model can learn more abundant features and by coupling positioning accuracy optimized by the fiilly connected conditional random field(CRF)with the recognition ability of deep convolutional neural network,which keeps better boundary smoothness and details・Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to the plane prediction of indoor scenes with complex backgrounds,the plane segmentation results are accurate,and the depth prediction accuracy can reach92.27%on average.Key words:3D reconstruction of indoor scene；deep convolutional neural network;conditional random field;atrous convolution；multi-scale feature fusionEEACC:6135；6135E doi:10.3969/j.issn.l004-1699.2021.03.012基于空洞卷积与多尺度特征融合的室内场景单图像分段平面三维重建*孙克强，缪君*,江瑞祥，黄仕中，张桂梅(南昌航空大学计算机视觉研究所，江西南昌330063)摘要:受光照变化和纹理缺乏等因素的影响，基于单幅室内场景图像的像素级和区域级三维重建算法很难恢复场景结构细节。

误差可控的细分曲面图像矢量化

误差可控的细分曲面图像矢量化陈爱芬;李桂清;王宇攀;聂勇伟【期刊名称】《计算机辅助设计与图形学学报》【年(卷),期】2017(029)012【摘要】为了提高矢量化图像的重构质量,提出一种基于细分曲面的误差可控矢量化算法.首先提取图像特征,构建特征约束的初始网格,并利用二次误差度量方法简化初始网格,得到特征保持的基网格;然后利用带尖锐特征的Loop细分曲面拟合图像颜色,得到控制网格;最后计算重构图像的误差,对控制网格进行自适应细分,直至重构误差达到用户需求.实验结果表明,该算法能够大幅度提高初始重构结果的质量,并在一定程度上做到误差可控.%To improve the reconstruction quality of vectorization images, an error-controllable vectorization al-gorithm based on subdivision surfaces is proposed. Given an image to be vectorized, it first extracts feature lines, constructs a dense initial mesh, and simplifies the initial mesh using the quadric error metric algorithm to obtain a base mesh. A Loop subdivision surface with sharp feature settings is then employed to fit the color height fields of the image. Finally, it adaptively inserts new control points into the control mesh for reducing the approximating error. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obviously improve the quality of the reconstructed images compared to the original fitting results, and achieve error-controllable fit-ting to some extent.【总页数】7页(P2197-2203)【作者】陈爱芬;李桂清;王宇攀;聂勇伟【作者单位】华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广州 510640;华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广州 510640;华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广州510640;华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广州 510640【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP391.41【相关文献】1.Loop细分曲面的加工等距面生成及误差控制算法 [J], 白杰;赵罡;姚福生2.一种最大压缩误差可控的高光谱图像压缩算法 [J], 宫久路;谌德荣;曹旭平;弓宇3.最大误差可控的高光谱图像聚类压缩算法 [J], 李秋富;谌德荣;何光林;冯辉;杨柳心4.Catmull-Clark细分曲面的误差界估计 [J], 陈雪娟5.3^(1/2)细分曲面的误差界(英文) [J], MUSTAFA Ghulam;HASHMI Sadiq;KHAN Faheem因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

ansys错误汇总大全,史上最全

ANSYS分析出现问题NSYS error message 错误信息汇总2011-10-19 12:57:12| 分类：ANSYS | 标签：ansys 错误error |举报|字号订阅以前很多的心得全丢了，现在把新遇到的error message及解决方法逐一添加如下：1\ Too many expressions.表达式太长，ansys要求一个表达式不要超过6个分段，比如以下不对A22=y1*z2-y1*z3-y2*z1+y2*z3+y3*z1-y3*z2 有7个段改为A22=y1*z2-y1*z3-y2*z1+y2*z3+y3*z1A22=A22-y3*z2就行了2\ No *DO trips needed, enter *ENDDO .循环执行次数为0，说明下标的变化范围越界，就是形如下面的循环*do,i,0,-1..........*enddo3\ *** NOTE *** CP = 227.688 TIME= 12:30:54One or more elements have become highly distorted. Excessivedistortion of elements is usually a symptom indicating the need forcorrective action elsewhere. Try incrementing the load more slowly(increase the number of substeps or decrease the time step size). Youmay need to improve your mesh to obtain elements with better aspectratios. Also consider the behavior of materials, contact pairs,and/or constraint equations. If this message appears in the firstiteration of first substep, be sure to perform element shape checking.为什么上面的错误信息用深色底纹标出呢？原因很简单，上面的错误出现在非线性计算中意味着致命错误，说明计算无法收敛，遇到这个错误是非常头疼的，下面重点讨论这个问题的由来和解决办法。

倾斜摄影测量与三维城市建模(武汉大学江万寿_肖雄武)

s
s s t
1
3 3 3
2 3
s t
the reconstructed surface the tetrahedron labeled as t
t (a)
t
t
t (b)
t
构网结果
2-Manifold Mesh模型
表面三角网的简化
• 基于半边数据结构和Edge Collapse算法简化
• 依据边的Collapse代价，最大限度的保持模型的几何形状，突出边缘信
SGM算法改进
2值CENSUS
3值CENSUS
和
SURE结果对比（下视影像）
我们的结果
SURE结果
和
SURE结果对比(下视影像）
我们的结果
SURE结果
和
SURE结果对比（倾斜影像）
我们的结果
SURE结果
PMVS算法加速
四、点云构网——Poisson算法
泊松表面重建算法是通过隐式曲面的重建来解决表面重建问题，它具有全局调整和局部调整的优势。 Poisson重建基于一个重要假设：实体表面的法向量能够用某一个指示函数的梯度表示。 Poisson构网步骤：
• 点云数据存在噪声，图割法可以去掉离真实表面较远的噪声点，但离表
面较近的噪声被保留，四面体被优化标记后存在以下问题：
the reconstructed surface the tetrahedron the tetrahedron labeled as s labeled as t
s
s t
s s
t
采用多个方向的1D优化近似2D优化
Lr ( p, d ) C ( p, d ) min( Lr ( p r , d ), Lr ( p r , d 1) P 1, Lr ( p r , d 1) P 1 , min Lr ( p r , i ) P 2)

用Catmull-Clark细分及网格调整方法重构牙齿曲面

用Catmull-Clark细分及网格调整方法重构牙齿曲面王玉慧;张玉茹【摘要】首先根据牙齿表面测量数据点,计算出其长方体包围盒;并据此构造细分曲面的初始网格;采用矩阵对角化方法,推导Catmull-Clark细分极限点的表达式,计算初始网格的顶点经过细分后的极限点;按照极限点逼近数据点的原则移动控制网格顶点,经过逐次再细分、再调整网格,使各级网格在数据点的"引导"下逐步变形,使网格逐步逼近牙齿表面的测量数据点集合,实现牙齿表面模型的三维重建.【期刊名称】《图学学报》【年(卷),期】2010(031)006【总页数】6页(P56-61)【关键词】计算机辅助几何设计;曲面重构;细分造型;牙齿模型【作者】王玉慧;张玉茹【作者单位】北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京,100191;北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京,100191【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP391在虚拟现实环境中，虚拟场景建模是一项重要工作，直接影响系统的性能。

本文研究力觉交互虚拟现实牙科手术培训中由测量数据点重构牙齿表面模型。

关于牙齿表面的重构，LI Zhong [1]采用双三次贝塞尔曲面进行了牙齿表面模型的重构，针对每一条轮廓线，用若干三次贝塞尔曲线段拼接得到；然后再对不同轮廓上的对应点进行贝塞尔曲线插值，得到由G2连续的双三次贝塞尔曲面片拼接而成的表面模型。

文献[2]采用B-样条曲面进行牙齿表面曲面模型的重构，由于B-样条反算要解较大的线性方程组，计算量较大。

Mikrogeorgis G[3]利用人类第六颗牙齿的断层图像得到断层轮廓数据点，通过人机交互的方式进行基于三角片的牙齿表面模型重构。

Isaac Newton Lima da Silva[4]由牙齿的断层扫描图像得到牙齿的断层数据点，然后构建牙齿的多面体模型，再利用商用软件Pro/E得到牙齿的实体模型。

用曲面拟合进行物体表面模型的重构计算复杂、计算量较大；采用直接给物体表面的数据点建立拓扑关系的方法，所建立的物体表面模型的质量依赖于测量数据点的测量精度及数据点的分布情况。

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UsingSubdivisionSurfacesfor3–DReconstructionfromNoisyData

SlobodanIli´cDeutscheTelekomLaboratoriesErnst-Reuter-Platz7,10587Berlin,GermanySlobodan.Ilic@telekom.de

AbstractInthiswork,wedevelopedamethodwhicheffectivelyusessubdivisionsur-facestoﬁtdeformablemodelstonoisy3–Ddata.Thesubdivisionmodelsprovideacompactlowdimensionalrepresentationofmodelparameterspace.Theyalsoallowafreeformdeformationoftheobjectsofarbitrarygeometry.Thesetwopropertiesmakethemidealforﬁttingdeformablemodelstonoisydata.Wetestedourapproachonstereodataacquiredfromuncalibratedmonoc-ularvideosequences,thenondataacquiredfromlowqualitylaserscans,andcomparedthem.Wehaveshownthatitcanbesuccessfullyusedtorecon-structhumanfacesaswellastheother3Dobjectsofarbitrarygeometry.

1IntroductionThesubdivisionsurfacesareverypopularapproachforsmoothsurfacerepresentation.TheyhasbeenextensivelyusedinComputerGraphicsforgeometricmodeling,andcom-puteranimation[15,12,4].Theproblemof3Dreconstructionfromunorganizeddatapointsusingthesubdivisionsurfaceshasalsobeenaddressedbythegraphicscommu-nity[7,9,11,14,2,8].Thosemethodsusenoisefreedataproducedbyhighqualitylaserscanners.InComputerVisionthe3Dshapeswereextractedfromtheimageswhichin-volveverynoisyinformation.Sincethisproblemishighlyunder-constrained,thegenericmodelswereextensivelyused[6,13,1]toconstrainthesolutionofthereconstructiontask.Themainchallengeistoﬁndasuitablemodelparameterizationwherethenumberofparametersissmallcomparedtotheoveralldimensionalityoftheproblem.Ontheotherhandtheparameterizationhastosupportafullfreeformdeformationofthetar-getsurface.Thesubdivisionsurfacesnaturallypossessthoseproperties.TheyproduceasmoothmeshfromacoarseoneasshowninFig.2.Theinitialcoarsemesh,controlmesh,isaveryroughrepresentationoftheobjectofinterest.Itcanbeofarbitrarytopology,andsubdivisioncanbeappliedNtimestoit.Theﬁnalsmoothmesh,modelmesh,entirelydependsontheinitialcontrolmesh.Itsshapecanbemodiﬁedinafreeformmanner.Also,thenumberofcontrolmeshverticesisfarsmallerthanthenumberofactualmodelvertices.Inthispaperwedevelopamethodwhichrelaysonsubdivisionsurfacemodelstoreconstruct3DobjectsfromnoisydatashowninFig.1asopposedtocleanlaserscandatausedinComputerGraphics.Wearenotawareofanyothermethodwhichusessub-divisionsurfacesfor3Dshaperecoveryfromnosydata.Besidesvaluablepropertiessuchasfreeformdeformationandlowdimensionality,subdivisionmodels,allowedustousetheinitialcontrolmeshasaregularizerinouroptimizationframework.(a)(b)Figure1:Reconstructionof3Dobjectsfromnoisydata:(a)3–Ddatacloudscorrespond-ingtostereoandlaserscansrespectively.Firsttwoimagesontheleftsidearestereodatacloudsobtainedfromuncalibrated,Fig5,andcalibrated,Fig6,imagesequencesrespectively,whiletheothertwocorrespondtothelaserscans.(b)Reconstructionresultsobtainedbyﬁttinggenericsubdivisionmodelstothedatafrom(a).Forfacesagenericfacemodelwasused,whileforthefrogmodelisextractedfromthescan.

Wechosetodemonstrateandevaluateourtechniquemainlyinthecontextofface-modelingfromuncalibratedandcalibratedimagessequencesandfromthelaserscandata.Wecomparetherecoveredmodelsfromimagestothoseofthelaserscansinordertoverifythequalityofthereconstruction.Todemonstratethatourmethodcanbeappliedtoobjectsofdifferentgeometrywereconstructedaceramicstatueofthefrogfromitslaserscan.ThedatawearedealingwitharenoisyandincompletgeasitcanbeseeninFig1(a),and,yet,weobtainedrealisticmodels,whosegeometryiscorrect,asdepictedinFig.1(b).Accordingtotheseexperimentswearguethattheapproachisgenericandcanbeappliedtoanytaskforwhichdeformablefacetizedmodelsexist.Wethereforeviewourcontributionastheintegrationofapowerfulshaperepresentationtechniqueintoarobustleast-squaresframework.Intheremainderofthepaper,weﬁrstdescribesubdivisionparameterizationinmoredetails.Wethenintroduceourleast-squaresoptimizationframeworkand,ﬁnally,presentresultsusinglaserscanneddata,calibratedanduncalibratedimagesequences.

2SubdivisionSurfaceParameterizationThekeypropertyofsubdivisionmodelsisthatthesmoothhighresolutionmeshmodelsarerepresentedbyverycoarseinitialcontrolmesh.Thecontrolmeshconsistsofrela-tivelysmallnumberofverticesandcompletelycontrolstheshapeofthesmoothmeshmodel.ThemodelmeshisobtainedbysubsequentsubdivisionoftheinitialcoarsemeshasdepictedinFig.2.