大学英语精读四
LESSON ONE 1--Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out.
——Everybody, except me, are born with the ability to think. 2--You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural
impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning. ——You could hear the fresh air struggling with difficulty to find its way to his chest ,because his chest seemed to be unhealthy ,which was obviously caused by drinking.He would be thrown off balance, and his face would go white because of the shock of the unexpected visit of fresh air. He would step away unsteadily to his desk and fell into the chair, unable to do anything for the rest of the morning. 3--Technically, it is about as proficient as most businessmen’s golf, as honest as most
politicians’ intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written. ——as incompentent as most businessman’s golf, as dishonest as most politicians’s intentions,or as incoherent as most books that get written. 4--I slid my arm around her waist and murmured that if we were counting heads, the
Buddhists were the boys for my money. She fled. The combination of me arm and those countless Buddhists was too much for her. ——I put my arm stealthily around her waist and said in low voice that if we were talking about the number of people who believe in certain kind of religion, I would be on the Buddhists.She was frightened and fled away from me because of my delinquent behavior and our contradictory opinion on religion. 5--It was Ruth all over again. I had some very good friends who stood by me, and still
do. But my acquaintances vanished, taking the girls with them. ——What had happened to Ruth and me now happened again. My grade-two thinking frightened away many of my acquaintances. 6--Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill.
——It is probably human nature to enjoy agreement because it seems to bring peace, security, comfort and harmony, which is the same nature that leads cows to graze in the same manner on the side of a hill. 7--they have immense solidarity.we had better respect them,for we are outnumbered
and surrounded. ——they usually represent the great majority in agreement.we had better respect them instead of distaining them,because the number of them is much larger then us and we are surrounded by them. 8—To hear our prime minister talk about the great benefit we conferred in India by
jialing people like Nehru and Gandi..To hear American politicians talk about peace and refuse to join the league of nation,Yes,there were moment of delight. ——The first contradiction I have detected is to hear that our prime minister(the British government) mentioned to offer great benefit to India and meanwhile put Indian independence-fighters like Nehru and Gandhi into prison.The second contradiction is to hear that American politicians talk about peace but refuse to join the association of nations to maintain world peace. 9--In this instance, he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck. ——On this occasion, it seemed that it was not his thought but his nature instinct that ruled him,which he was unable to resist. LESSON TWO 1--Bella was the boarding-house lovely, but no one had taken advantage of the fact.
——Bella was young and pretty and was seen as the beauty of the boarding-house, but no one had shown any particular interest in her. 2--He possessed a brain, and since no one understood it when he used it, it was
resented. ——Mr. Penbury was intelligent, but no one in the boarding-house liked him for that. He was too smart for them, and everybody felt annoyed. 3--But Mrs. Mayton never allowed more than three minutes to go by without a word
and so when the silence had reached its allotted span, she turned to Penbury and asked: ——But Mrs. Mayton never allowed more than three minutes to go by without a word and so when the silence had reached its allotted span, she turned to Penbury and asked. 4--If found the spot all right.
——The weapon went through his heart.. 5--We all know you walk in your sleep. …”
——We all know you are a sleep walker. 6--Now, then, don’t take too long thinking of an answer!” glared Mr.Calthrop.
——Mr,Calthrop was urging him to give an answer immediately so that he would not have the time to make up a story. 7--“but let me suggest that you give the statement to the police with slightly less
大学英语精读四unit 4
Pun
• He is not a grave man until he is a grave man. • They pray for you today and prey on you tomorrow. • A bicycle can't stand on its own because it is two-tyred. two-tyred
没有什么人出得起那个价钱。 没有什么人出得起那个价钱。
Precious few people can afford prices like that.
precious做副词时通常用在 做副词时通常用在little, few等词前面，意思为“很”， 等词前面， 做副词时通常用在 等词前面 意思为“ 非常” 例如： “非常”。例如：
2. vt. leave someone or something with no further help or support
The price rise caused many readers to desert the magazine.
collide: vi.
1) come together with solid or direct impact
She fumbled with her notes and began to speak.
Collocation:
fumble at / for / with sth. 笨手笨脚地做某事或寻找某物 fumble about / around 笨拙地四处乱走（做某事或寻找某物） 笨拙地四处乱走（做某事或寻找某物）
2) hang clothes on a hook, etc.
He took his coat off and hung it up.
大学英语精读4
大学英语精读4简介《大学英语精读4》是一本面向大学英语专业学生的教材，旨在帮助学生提升英语阅读能力和语言表达能力。
本教材以精选的英语原文为基础，通过引导学生深入理解和分析文章内容以及相关语言点的运用，培养学生的阅读理解能力和学术写作能力。
本文档将简要介绍《大学英语精读4》教材的主要内容和特点。
内容概述《大学英语精读4》由十个单元组成，每个单元围绕一个主题展开深入的讨论。
每个单元中包含了一篇或多篇英文原文，配以相关的阅读理解题目和课后练习。
以下是本教材的主要内容概述：单元1：环保本单元以环境保护为主题，介绍了环境污染的现状以及大家应该采取的环保行动。
单元2：科技与社会本单元涵盖了科技对社会发展的影响，讨论了科技进步在医疗、通讯和交通等方面的重要作用。
单元3：教育问题本单元围绕教育问题展开讨论，涉及到教育的目的、教育体制以及教育改革等方面。
单元4：全球化本单元介绍了全球化对世界经济、文化以及国际关系的影响，探讨了全球化的利与弊。
单元5：国际交流本单元聚焦于国际交流，并讨论了跨文化交流所带来的挑战和机遇。
单元6：媒体与传播本单元探讨了媒体在现代社会中的地位和影响，并分析了传媒对公众舆论的引导作用。
单元7：医疗与健康本单元关注医疗与健康问题，讨论了日益增长的健康意识和现代医学的发展。
单元8：社会问题本单元讨论了当前社会存在的一些问题，如贫富差距、犯罪问题等，并呼吁大家关注和解决这些问题。
单元9：创业与就业本单元以创业和就业为话题，探讨了创业精神、就业市场和职业规划等问题。
单元10：艺术与文化本单元介绍了艺术和文化的重要性，并以不同的艺术形式（音乐、绘画、电影等）为例进行讨论。
特点《大学英语精读4》教材具有以下几个特点：1.精选原文：教材中的每篇英文原文均由专业编辑精心挑选，确保文章内容丰富、有趣并且具有一定的学术性。
2.强调阅读理解：每个单元中都设置了相关的阅读理解题目，旨在帮助学生理解文章细节和主旨，提升阅读理解能力。
大学英语精读第四册 第三单元 课件
Works
Influence
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Shaw, George Bernard (1856~1950), Irish playwright, critic and novelist, is widely considered the greatest British dramatist since Shakespeare and the greatest British satirist since Swift. Shaw‟s plays often ridicule governmental or social hypocrisies or mock the conventions of polite society. In the long prefaces to the printed editions he aired his views on all sorts of subjects. In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. Among his most famous plays are Widowers’ Houses (1892), Mrs. Warren’s Profession (1898), Arms and the Man (1898), Man and Superman (1905), Major Barbara (1905), Pygmalion (1913) and Saint Joan (1923).
After Reading
George Orwell Life Time Place of Birth Nationality Personal Experiences 1903~1950 India British serving with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma (1922~1927) living in poverty after his return to Europe fighting in the Spanish Civil War on the republican side and was severely wounded
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译
大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译．大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译Unit 1TextTwo college-age boys, unaware that makingmoney usually involves hard work, are temptedby an advertisement that promises them an easyway to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learnthat if something seems to good tobe true, itprobably is.BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAYJohn G. HubbellYou ought to look into this, I suggested toour two college-age sons. It might be a way toavoid the indignity of having to ask for moneyall the time. I handed them some magazines ina plastic bag someone bad hung on ourdoorknob. A message printed on the bag offeredleisurely, lucrative work (Big Bucks the EasyWay!) of delivering more such bags.I don't mind the indignity, theolder oneanswered.I can live with it, his brother agreed.But it pains me, I said，o find that youboth have been panhandling so long that it nolonger embarrasses you.The boys said they would look into themagazine-delivery thing. Pleased,I left town ona business trip. By midnight I was comfortablysettled in a hotel room far from home. Thephone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to knowhow my day had gone.Great! I enthused. How was your day?I inquired.Super! She snapped. Just super! Andit's only getting started. Another truck justpulled up out front.Another truck?The third one this evening. Thefirstdelivered four thousand Montgomery Wards.The second brought four thousand Sears,Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, butI'm sure it will be four thousand of something.Since you are responsible, I thought you mightlike to know what's happening.What I was being blamed for, it turned out,was a newspaper strike which made it necessaryto hand-deliver the advertising inserts thatnormally are included with the Sunday paper.The company had promised our boys $600 fordelivering these inserts to 4,000 houses bySunday morning.Piece of cake! our older college son hadshouted.Six hundred bucks! Hisbrother hadechoed, And we can do the job in two hours!Both the Sears and Ward ads are fournewspaper-size pages, my wife informed me.There are thirty-two thousand pages ofadvertising on our porch. Even as we speak, twobig guys are carrying armloads of paper up thewalk. What do we do about all this? Just tell the boys to get busy, I instructed.They're college men. They'll do what they haveto do.At noon the following day Ireturned to thehotel and found an urgent message to telephonemy wife. Her voice was unnaturally high andquavering. There had been several moretruckloads of ad inserts. They're fordepartment stores, dime stores, drugstores,grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some arewhole magazine sections. We have hundreds ofthousands, maybe millions, of pages ofadvertisinghere!Theyarecrammedwall-to-wall all through the house in stackstaller than your oldest son. There's only enoughroom for people to walk in, take one each of theeleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubberband around them and slide them into a plasticbag. We have enough plastic bags to supplyevery takeout restaurant in America! Her voicekept rising, as if working its way out of therange of the human ear. All this must bedelivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning.Well, you had better get those guysbanding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'lltalk to you later. Got a lunch date.When I returned, there was another urgentcall from my wife.Did you have a nice lunch? she askedsweetly. I had had a marvelous steak, but knewbetter by now than to say so. Awful, I reported. Some sort of sourfish. Eel, I think.Good. Your college sons have hired theiryounger brothers and sisters and a couple ofneighborhood children to help for five dollarseach. Assembly lines have been set up. In thelanguage of diplomacy, there is 'movement.'That's encouraging.No, it's not, she corrected. It's verydiscouraging. They're been as it for hours.Plastic bags have been filled and piled to theceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not adent, in the situation! It's almost as if the insertskeep reproducing themselves!Another thing, she continued. Yourcollege sons must learn that one does not get thebest out of employees by threatening them withbodily harm.Obtaining an audience with son NO. 1, Isnarled, I'll kill you if threaten one of thosekids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonusof a dollar every hour to the worker who fills themost bags.But that would cut into our profit, hesuggested.There won't be any profit unless thosekids enable you to make all thedeliveries ontime. If they don't, you two will have to removeall that paper by yourselves. And there will beno eating or sleeping until it is removed.There was a short, thoughtful silence. Thenhe said, Dad, you have just worked a profoundchange in my personality.Do it!Yes, sir!By the following evening, there was muchfor my wife to report. The bonus program hadworked until someone demanded to see the colorof cash. Then some activist on the work forcebusinessno had workers the that claimedsettling for $5 and a few competitive bonuseswhile the bossed collected hundreds of dollarseach. The organizer had declared that all theworkers were entitled to $5 per hour! Theywould not work another minuteuntil the bossesagreed.The strike lasted less than two hours. Inmediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour.Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink.As it turned out, the job was completedthree hours before Sunday's 7 a.m. deadline. Bythe time I arrived home, the boys had alreadysettled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40for gasoline, and a like amount for gifts—boxes of candy for saintlyneighbors who had volunteered station wagonsand help in delivery and dozen roses for theirmother. This left them with $185 each — abouttwo-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hoursthey worked. Still, it was enough, as one ofthem put it, to enable them to avoid indignityfor quite a while.All went well for some weeks. Then oneSaturday morning my attention was drawn tothe odd goings-on of our two youngest sons.They kept carrying carton after carton fromvarious corners of the house out the front doorto curbside. I assumed their mother had enlistedthem to remove junk for a trash pickup. Then Ioverheard them discussingfinances.Geez, we're going to make a lot ofmoney!We're going to be rich!Investigation revealed that they wereoffering for sale or rent our entire library.No! No! I cried. You can't sell ourbooks!Geez, Dad, we thought you were done withthem!You're never 'done' with books, I tried toexplain.Sure you are. You read them, and you'redone with them. That's it. Then you might aswell make a little money from them. We wantedto avoid the indignity of having to ask you潦╲?日┶?日尶一个大学男孩，不清楚赚钱需要付出艰苦的劳动，被一份许诺轻松赚大钱的广告吸引了。
大学英语精读第四册第四单元课文翻译
2001年9月11日，在美国发生了一系列自杀式的袭击事件。
外国的劫机者控制了四架美国的航空公司的飞机，两架撞入世界贸易中心，第三架冲进五角大楼，而第四架据传原本要袭击另一政府目标，但显然由于遭到乘客的反抗而坠毁于一片田地里。
本文说的便是其中一位乘客的故事。
第93次航班：我所无法理解的事莉兹·格里克丹·泽加特2001年9月9日是星期日，对我们三个人来说，是个美好的日子。
埃米刚有11周大，我们极其喜欢她。
她是我在两年内经过连续三次流产后生下的，所以对我们更为珍贵。
我的丈夫杰里米当时正考虑换个工作，已经面试过两次，自己感觉进行得还顺利。
周日那天下雨，我们就在我们位于新泽西北部的自家屋内闲躺着。
我们嬉笑着，照看着埃米，随后就早早就寝了。
次日，9月10日，我们忙碌起来，杰里米将从纽瓦克飞往加利福尼亚出差。
我将带埃米北上去纽约州温德姆我父母的家中。
这样，杰里米回来时可以去那里接我们。
那天早晨，不知什么原因，他特想要照料埃米。
他给她喂奶、给她洗澡、给她穿衣。
他把两辆车的行李都装好，把埃米在汽车座椅上安置妥当，并吻了吻她。
而后当我们开车离开时他站到一边挥手告别。
我到达温德姆时，杰里米打来电话。
他飞往旧金山的航班被取消了。
他不打算搭乘下一班飞机在凌晨两点到达目的地。
“该死，”他说。
“我想回家，美美地睡上一夜，明天早点起身。
”他将赶上第一班航班飞离纽瓦克。
联合航空公司的第93次航班。
星期二早晨我正在厨房里设法打开一盒炸圈饼的盒盖时，听到父亲在说什么世贸中心的事。
我向起居室的电视瞧去，看见屏幕上出现了从世贸中心大楼的银色外墙上被燻黑的洞中窜出的大火。
大学英语精读第四册课后翻译题及答案
U N I T11.我们接到通知，财政部长将于第二天接见我们。
We were informed that the Minister of Finance was to give us an audience / receiveus the next day.2.我感觉很奇异，他仿佛不记得自己的诞辰。
I thought it odd that he didn’tseem to remember his own birthday.3.学期论文最迟在下礼拜二交来，但是到现在大多数学生却几无进展。
Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most studentshave hardly made a dent in the work so far.4.看到学生人数不停减少，校长内心很痛苦。
(pain)It pained the headmaster to find the number of students shrinking.5.在那个国家一般用现金付账，但支票变得广泛起来了，不久会取代现金作为人们结账的一种方式。
Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becomingmore popular and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settletheir accounts.6.该企业宣称，这条河流的污染不是它造成的。
The company claims that it is not responsible for the pollution in the river.UNIT21.比尔已经是个成熟的小伙子，不再依靠父亲母亲替他做主。
（完整版）大学英语精读第四册（教案）
（完整版）大学英语精读第四册（教案）Book4Unit 1 Big Bucks The Easy WayTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level: Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester. Teaching Objectives:1.Help Ss get to know the lesson “No pains, no gains” and there is no “big bucks theeasy way”.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabulariesand required grammar points of the section.Words: cash, echo, competitive, leisurely, pain, sour, finance, marvelous, party, stack, cram, harm, minimum, range, thoughtful, deadline, inform, normally,sale, trash, delivery, inquire, odd, shrinkPhrases & Expressions: pull up, a piece of cake, even as, know better than, be at, make a dent, cut into, have no b usiness, settle for, settle one’s account, quiteawhile, draw attention to, for sale, for rent, be done with, may as well Grammar: p143. About the reading, Ss should learn avoiding vocalization and inner speech.4. About the writing, Ss should learn word choice..5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 1 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)Montgomery Ward2)Sears,3)Roebuck2.Warm-up questions1)Do you depend on your parents financially?2)Is it easy to earn money by working part-time?3)Are there any easy ways to make much money?3.Key words and expressions:New words and old wordTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)U.S. dollar buckDoor handle doorknobUnhurried leisurelyRelaxed leisurelyProfitable lucrativeSent out deliverEndure live withBeg panhandleTell informFill cramTie bandIncrease reproduceExtra money bonusPart sectionA path walkAn easy job a piece of cakePay settleHave no reason have no businessCome to terms with settle forStrange oddMoney financeFinish be done with English and Chinese phrasesTeacher(Chinese) Students( English)考虑look into总是all the time可以容忍live with令我痛心it pains me易如反掌 a piece of cake壮汉 a big guy干快些get busy好几卡车的truck loads of百货商店department store廉价商店 a dime store小杂货店drug store汽车行auto store外卖餐馆takeout restaurant提高嗓门voice rises超过极限out of the range of恍然大悟work a profound change in 教会某人做人work a profound change inone’s personality 经过调解in mediation结账settle the account劳务支出labor cost相同数额 a like amount托某人做enlist sb. To doII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.Text and questions for discussionLines 1-91.what did the father tell his college sons to think about?(to deliver bags of magazines to make some of their own money.)2.what was the father worried about?( the sons would become used to or feel content with living by asking for money all the time.)Lines 10-221.why did the mother phone the father?( she wanted him to know what was going on at home.)2.How do you understand the word “super” she snapped?( “super” means very good. But,she “snapped” it, which means she was very angry.She was being sarcastic,i.e. she meant the opposite of what she said.)3.can you paraphra se the sentence “Another truck just pulled up out front”?(Another truck has stopped outside in front of our hous to deliver more materials.) Lines 23-291.which company did the two sons do the delivery job for?( the Sunday Newspaper Company.)2.why did each truck deliver 4000 of the inserts?( Each one was from a different company and had the ads the sons were required to deliver to 4000 houses.)3.why did he think so?( He had no idea of how much work it would mean.)Lines 30-35What did the fa ther mean when h e said “they are college men.”?He meant that they were grown-ups, and should be capable of dealing with the situation.Lines 36-501.In what cases does people’s voice become unnaturally high and quavering?When they are excited, angry, upset and the like.2.what does “magazine sections” mean?Parts of magazines, 8 or 12 pages long.3.how many steps are there in the process before delivering?Five: take out, roll, slip, band and slide.Lines 51-661.what do you think of the father’s answe r?Clever and sensible. It is a lie, a harmless lie, one told in order to avoid upsetting somebody.2.why did the father say “That’s encouraging”?the sons were learning how to solve the problem of manpower shortage;they hired other people to help, and learnt to improve efficiency by establishing assembly lines.3.why did the mother say “it is very discouraging”?the measures weren’ working at all.Lines 67-771.what do you think of the father’s bonus program？It is reasonable and logical. Bonus is a popular incentive that management adopts. Sometimes we have to lose something in order to gain something. If you are reluctant to use a small bait, you can hardly get a big fish.2.did the son understand that at first thought?No. he thought the more the workers got, the less he obtained.3.why did the son answer “Yes, Sir”?he had come to realize it was a business and he took the father’s instructions as and order.Lines 78-861.what does “see the color of cash” mean?See Note 7 in your text book.2.what’s the d ifference between the original payment and the demanded one?The original payment was five dollars per person, shile now they demanded five dollars per hour.3.who probably played the mediating role?The mother.Lines 87-94Why did the son think it “enough”?No matter how much, it was the money they made by themselves with great efforts and they learnt a lot from the experience.Lines 95-1091.what did the youngest sons learn from their college brothers?They learnt to make their own money in order to avoid having to ask for money all the time.2.what were they going to do to try to earn money?They were going to sell or rent the family’s books.3.do you agree “you’re never done with books”?Yes. Because………No. because ………..3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the newwords.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.Summary questions and concluding remarks1) Do you think it necessary for the sons to make some money for themselves?Give reasons for your answer.I think it necessary…….because………..2) what do you think is needed in accomplishing something difficult?I think it is self-confidence, perseverance, co-operation or team work,reasonable management, strategies of solving problems, etc.3)what is the father’s tone in telling the story?The tone is light and ironic because the story is meant to be funny. The problem in the story was one that people think is very serious when it happens, but later they can laugh about.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to thenew words and topic.5. Exercise:Sentence making in dialoguesTeacher: now I’d like you to complete the following dialogues by making Sentences with the giver phrases.Pull up1.what do you ask your driver to do when you reach your destination?I ask the driver to pull up near the place I want to go.2.what does a bus driver do when a passenger wants to get off?He pulls up at a bus stop.3.what does the red light mean to a moving vehicle?It means that the vehicle must pull up at the zebra.A piece of cake1.can you recite the 26 English letters?Sure. It’s a piece of cake.2.do you think it difficult to use a tape recorder?No. it’s a piece of cake.Make a dent in1.have you finished your outline?No, I’ve hardly made a dent in it.2.How are you getting along with your project?We have made only a small dent in it.Cut into1.do you watch TV in your study period?No. that would cut into my study time.2.what cuts into the factory’s profit?The rise of the labor costs, material prices, the increased consumption of power, etc.Settle for1.if you can’t sell your bicycle at a hig h price, what will you do?I have to settle for a lower price.2.If you can’t get a well-paid job, will you settle for a lower-paid job?Might/may/could as well1.what do you suggest we do during the winter vacation?If you have nothing to do, you might as well take up a part-time job.2.what should I do if I can’t afford a house?You may as well rent an apartment and set aside your money for a new house.Unit 2 Deer and The Energy CycleTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level: Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester. Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the energy cycle and instruct them to observe the animal’s living instinct in order to value the natural resource; learn about food-enery-life-death.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: tendency, rate, area, plentiful, possessions, currency, scarce, ample, drowsy, fundamental, accumulate, internal, hence Phrases & Expressions: to meet the needs, turn of mind, convert into Grammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the usage of dictionary.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence .5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 2 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1. Warm-up questions1)Allow Ss to go over the text for 10 mins.2)Ask them to list the facts about the life of deer in the four seasonsrespectively.3)Sum u p Ss’s results2. Introductory remarks:1) What do you think life depends on?Money, love, or something else?2) where does energy come from?Food, spirit, God, or what?3)what happens to life there is no food , or source of energy?if life useless after it comes to an end?4) Life is energy, isn’t it? What do you think?The planet we live on is made up of 2 major components: living organisms and inorganic substances. As far as living things are concerned, life spans vary. Some may live for thousands of years, while others live only a few seconds. Regardless of the this difference, every life develops from a lower stage to a higher stage until its death, and every species develops in this way, too. But what makes life perform in this way? What happens after life? Our earth has been functioning for billions of years. What has made it work for so long? Let’s have a careful study of the text 3. New words and phrases studyStudy of the words and phrasesNew words and old wordsTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)tendency turn of mindmoney currencychange into convert intoautumn fallsomething stored reservesrare scarceto satisfy the demands to meet the needsarea regionplentiful amplepossessions resourcestore depositspend expendsleepy drowsybecome liquid meltat the same time meanwhilebasic fundamentaltherefore hencecollect accumulateinside internalsmall wooden house cabinEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)注重/有……的倾向a … turn of mind生态系统an ecological system 倚赖to depend on年复一年from year to year尽可能多as much as one can旺季times of plenty储存的脂肪reserves of fat/stored fat 不甚出名,鲜为人知less well known能说明问题的例子a good case in point 营养食品nutritious food生理成熟physically mature生育to give birth to食物资源food resources熬过冬天to survive the winter/to pull through the winter 大雪deep snow小雪light snow基本规律 a fundamental ruleII. While-reading Activities1.Text and questions for discussion .Lines 1-61.what does “love makes the world go round” mean?People with a romantic turn of mind think that love, romantic love, is what makes life worth living..2.why does the author say that energy is the “currency” of the ecological system?An ecological system is all the plants, animals and people, and their surroundings, considered as a whole, In the commercial world, money is the currency , or means of survival. For life, the most important support is food, the source of energy for life, which allows growth, reproduction, and survival.Lines 7-121.what do wild animals do with the food in different seasons? Why do they do so?Wild animals seem to know when there will be plenty of food and when there won’t. so they eat as much as they can when there is plenty of food so that they can become fat and strong and grow well. In winter, they have little to eat. But they do not starve because the fat they have stored in their bodies brings them through this hard time.Lines 13-221.what does “ this is good timing” mean?This means that the female deer uses the most suitable seasons, i.e.summer and fall, for the birth of fawns and the production of milk because both the conception and production cost the female deer much energy and in both seasons there is plenty of food, which meet the deer’s physical needs.Lines 23-311.to what does the author compare the process of fat reserving?A bank savings account, from which one can draw when he needs the money. Lines 32-441.what is the phenomenon of lowering metabolism?The heart rate slows. The animal becomes slow and drowsy. Therefore, the use of and need for energy is reduced.2.what protects the deer from cold winter? How does it work?They undergo physical and internal physiological changes, i.e. the hair growth andthe slow metabolism. The thick hair keeps the deer warm and the slow metabolism makes the deer consume less energy, which is stored in the form of fat for use when they need it for growth.Lines 45-561.what decreases as winter progresses?The deer’s activities.2.why were people advised to behave like that?To use less oil and electricity for conserving energy to pull through the crisis.3.what does the author imply by “watched the deer”?He implies that men can learn from the deer to reduce unnecessary cost of energy. Lines 57-641.“…to pull them through”. Can you say it in other words?…to help them survive the winter.2.what is the fundamental rule of life?The more fat the deer reserve, the more chance there is for them to survive the crises. Only the largest and strongest are likely to survive.3.Is the fundamental rule of life applicable to human beings?Yes. If we human beings do not protect nature and ourselves by saving energy, we will be punished by nature and will eventually be wiped out from this planet. Lines 65-681.what is the life cycle?Food-energy-life-survival-reproduction-death-food-energy-other life… .Food –energy-seek more food-new energy-food…..Energy is vital to our world. But energy is not always plentiful. The supply can vary, either seasonally or for other reasons. Some animals, the white-tailed deer, for instance, have developed natural ways or varying their own use of energy with the variations of the supply. Human beings can and should learn this lesson for their own survival.2. Teacher explains the key points in detailsturn of mind1.what is your turn of mind?I have a logical turn of mind, or literary/critical/philosophic/humorous/optimisticturn of mind.2.what kind of person is likely to create things?A person of a creative turn of mind is likely to create things.3.what words can you use to describe people of different turns of mind?Down-to-earth, poetic, business-like, humorous, etc.Depend on1.How do crops grow?They depend on the sunlight,water, and fertilizer for growth.2.How are the prices of commodities set?They mainly depend on the relation between demand and supply.A case in point1.can you give an example of a successful person?Yes. A case in point is Thomas Edison, a great inventor.2.can anything heavier than air stay in the sky?Yes. A case in point is the helicopter.3.How can we conclude that a person is selfish.A case in point is…Meet…needs1.why do people drink so much water on the sports ground?They have to meet their body’s needs for water as they play in the sun.2.why does a factory install another assembly line?They want to meet the needs of increasing production.Draw on1.How can a good writer write so many interesting stories?He draws on his experience, knowledge, observation, perception and interpretation of life for the material of his stories.2.How can a person put forward such a peculiar idea?I think he’s drawn on his imagination.Slow down1.what is a driver expected to do if a police car comes towards or follows him/her?He/she is expected to slow down and then stop by the road side.2.what does a runner do after he passes the finish line?He slows down and stops.Pull through1.what should you do in face of difficulties?I should use my skills, work hard,and sometimes I should take somebody’s advice.This might help to pull me through the difficulties.2.why was the little boy, Schatz,waiting for death?He believed he had a fatally high temperature and would notpull through.3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the new words.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to the newwords and topic.Unit 3 Why Do We Believe That The Earth Is Round? Teaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level: Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester. Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the author’s purpose is to teach Ss to havea correct attitude towards knowledge and accepting of knowledge by taking the examples of other’s arguments of the shape of Earth.2 About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: preface, remark, cite, exaggerate, mast, appeal, analogy, cast, precarious, produce, burden, botherPhrases & Expressions: appeal to, follow up, for the sake of, throw light on, shaped like, cast on, fall back on, stray away from, Grammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the reading skills oftelling difference bwteenfacts and opinion sentences.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence.5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 3 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)George Orwell2)George Bernard Shaw3)The Flat Earth Theory and the Round Earth Theory4)Eclipses5)Playing Cards6)Comrade Mao Tse-tung on knowledge, on Direct Experience andIndirect Experience2. warm-up questions and introductory remarks1)Do you believe that the earth is round? Why?Yes, I do, because science proves that it is true.2) Have you heard of other conclusions about the shape of the earth?What are they? Why don’t you believe them?Yes. The earth was said to be flat or oval. I don’t believe them because the photos from satellites or the scenes of eclipses show that it’s round.2)why is “the earth is round” put in a question?3.Key words and expressions:study of the words and phrasesnew words and old wordsteacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)forward prefacesay,argue remarkquote citesimply merelyaccept without question swallowoverstate exaggerateattract appeal tofor the good of for the sake ofpole on a ship mastbend curvecomparison analogyquickly promptlyround plate discthrow castgo to aim atinsecure precariousturn to for help fall back onin another way otherwisemove from stray away fromshow produceload burdentake trouble botherEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)在某处somewhere or other序言the preface to中世纪the middle ages普遍认为the widespread belief that 普通人the ordinary citizen迎合口味appeal to我的…完蛋了bang goes my…求助于fall back on不屑一顾would not even bother to 反驳say…against天体heavenly body由此可见it will be seen that靠不住的理由precarious reasons知识面the range of knowledge 无力的论据weak argumentII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.T explains the text in details.Appeal to1.do detective films appeal to you?Yes, ….No, … .2.what kinds of books appeal most to youth?Books on …3.why are children’s clothes colorful?Bright and colorful clothes usually appeal to children.Follow up1.what do the police do if a case is reported to them?They follow up the case.2.what do you do if you read an interesting story series on a newspaper?I follow it up.For the sake of1.what do people usually do for the sake of health?They eat healthy food, do exercises and don’t smoke,don’t…2.why is it necessary to widen the streets?It’s necessary to widen the streets for the sake of a smoother flow of traffic. Throw light on1.what is the use of the background knowledge of a story?It throws light on it.2.why are illustrations, data and charts or tables necessary in scientific reports orbusiness presentations?They throw light on the reports and presentations.Shaped like1.Why is a UFO also called a flying saucer?It is shaped like a saucer.2.what is a space shuttle like?It is shaped like a huge plane.Cast on1.what can you see on a moon-lit night in the open?I can see my shadow cast on the ground.I can see the shadows of the trees cast on the wall/window.Fall back on。
大学英语精读教案第四册unit4
#### 教学目标1. 知识目标：- 掌握本单元的核心词汇和短语。
- 理解并分析作者的观点和写作技巧。
- 提高阅读理解能力和批判性思维能力。
2. 技能目标：- 培养学生快速阅读和精读的能力。
- 增强学生的口语表达和写作能力。
- 提高学生的课堂参与度和团队合作精神。
3. 情感目标：- 培养学生对生活和社会问题的关注。
- 激发学生的思考，培养批判性思维。
#### 教学内容- 课文：《现代大学英语精读4》第四单元文章。
- 背景知识：了解作者背景、时代背景以及文章主题。
#### 教学步骤##### 一、导入（5分钟）1. 引导学生回顾上一单元的学习内容，提问并总结。
2. 简要介绍本单元作者和文章主题，激发学生兴趣。
##### 二、快速阅读（10分钟）1. 学生快速阅读课文，了解文章大意。
2. 教师提问，检查学生对文章内容的掌握。
##### 三、精读分析（30分钟）1. 词汇学习：- 介绍本单元核心词汇和短语，如：evidently, irrespective, transcend等。
- 通过例句和语境帮助学生理解和记忆。
2. 篇章结构分析：- 分析文章的段落结构，理解作者的写作思路。
- 引导学生关注文章的主题句和结论句。
3. 观点分析：- 分析作者的观点和态度，探讨文章中的论点和论据。
- 引导学生进行批判性思考，提出自己的观点。
##### 四、课堂活动（20分钟）1. 小组讨论：- 将学生分成小组，针对文章中的某个问题进行讨论。
- 各小组代表分享讨论成果，全班共同总结。
2. 角色扮演：- 学生扮演文章中的角色，模拟情景对话。
- 培养学生的口语表达能力和团队合作精神。
##### 五、写作练习（15分钟）1. 根据文章主题，让学生写一篇短文，如：谈谈你对文章中某个观点的看法。
2. 教师批改并给予反馈。
##### 六、总结与作业（5分钟）1. 教师总结本节课的学习内容，强调重点和难点。
2. 布置课后作业，如：预习下一单元内容，阅读相关书籍等。
大学英语精读第四册(教案)
Book4Unit 1 Big Bucks The Easy WayTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Help Ss get to know the lesson “No pains, no gains” and there is no “big bucks theeasy way”.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabulariesand required grammar points of the section.Words: cash, echo, competitive, leisurely, pain, sour, finance, marvelous, party, stack, cram, harm, minimum, range, thoughtful, deadline, inform, normally,sale, trash, delivery, inquire, odd, shrinkPhrases & Expressions: pull up, a piece of cake, even as, know better than, be at, make a dent, cut into, have no business, settle for, settle one’s account, quiteawhile, draw attention to, for sale, for rent, be done with, may as well Grammar: p143. About the reading, Ss should learn avoiding vocalization and inner speech.4. About the writing, Ss should learn word choice..5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 1 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)Montgomery Ward2)Sears,3)Roebuck2.Warm-up questions1)Do you depend on your parents financially?2)Is it easy to earn money by working part-time?3)Are there any easy ways to make much money?3.Key words and expressions:New words and old wordTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)U.S. dollar buckDoor handle doorknobUnhurried leisurelyRelaxed leisurelyProfitable lucrativeSent out deliverEndure live withBeg panhandleTell informFill cramTie bandIncrease reproduceExtra money bonusPart sectionA path walkAn easy job a piece of cakePay settleHave no reason have no businessCome to terms with settle forStrange oddMoney financeFinish be done with English and Chinese phrasesTeacher(Chinese) Students( English)考虑look into总是all the time可以容忍live with令我痛心it pains me易如反掌 a piece of cake壮汉 a big guy干快些get busy好几卡车的truck loads of百货商店department store廉价商店 a dime store小杂货店drug store汽车行auto store外卖餐馆takeout restaurant提高嗓门voice rises超过极限out of the range of恍然大悟work a profound change in 教会某人做人work a profound change inone’s personality 经过调解in mediation结账settle the account劳务支出labor cost相同数额 a like amount托某人做enlist sb. To doII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.Text and questions for discussionLines 1-91.what did the father tell his college sons to think about?(to deliver bags of magazines to make some of their own money.)2.what was the father worried about?( the sons would become used to or feel content with living by asking for money all the time.)Lines 10-221.why did the mother phone the father?( she wanted him to know what was going on at home.)2.How do you understand the word “super” she snapped?( “super” means very good. But,she “snapped” it, which means she was very angry.She was being sarcastic,i.e. she meant the opposite of what she said.)3.can you paraphrase the sentence “Another truck just pulled up out front”?(Another truck has stopped outside in front of our hous to deliver more materials.) Lines 23-291.which company did the two sons do the delivery job for?( the Sunday Newspaper Company.)2.why did each truck deliver 4000 of the inserts?( Each one was from a different company and had the ads the sons were required to deliver to 4000 houses.)3.why did he think so?( He had no idea of how much work it would mean.)Lines 30-35What did the father mean when he said “they are college men.”?He meant that they were grown-ups, and should be capable of dealing with the situation.Lines 36-501.In what cases does people’s voice become unnaturally high and quavering?When they are excited, angry, upset and the like.2.what does “magazine sections” mean?Parts of magazines, 8 or 12 pages long.3.how many steps are there in the process before delivering?Five: take out, roll, slip, band and slide.Lines 51-661.what do you think of the father’s answer?Clever and sensible. It is a lie, a harmless lie, one told in order to avoid upsetting somebody.2.why did the father say “That’s encouraging”?the sons were learning how to solve the problem of manpower shortage;they hired other people to help, and learnt to improve efficiency by establishing assembly lines.3.why did the mother say “it is very discouraging”?the measures weren’ working at all.Lines 67-771.what do you think of the father’s bon us program？It is reasonable and logical. Bonus is a popular incentive that management adopts. Sometimes we have to lose something in order to gain something. If you are reluctant to use a small bait, you can hardly get a big fish.2.did the son understand that at first thought?No. he thought the more the workers got, the less he obtained.3.why did the son answer “Yes, Sir”?he had come to realize it was a business and he took the father’s instructions as and order.Lines 78-861.what does “see the color of cash” mean?See Note 7 in your text book.2.what’s the difference between the original payment and the demanded one?The original payment was five dollars per person, shile now they demanded five dollars per hour.3.who probably played the mediating role?The mother.Lines 87-94Why did the son think it “enough”?No matter how much, it was the money they made by themselves with great efforts and they learnt a lot from the experience.Lines 95-1091.what did the youngest sons learn from their college brothers?They learnt to make their own money in order to avoid having to ask for money all the time.2.what were they going to do to try to earn money?They were going to sell or rent the family’s books.3.do you agree “you’re never done with books”?Yes. Because………No. bec ause ………..3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the newwords.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.Summary questions and concluding remarks1) Do you think it necessary for the sons to make some money for themselves?Give reasons for your answer.I think it necessary…….because………..2) what do you think is needed in accomplishing something difficult?I think it is self-confidence, perseverance, co-operation or team work,reasonable management, strategies of solving problems, etc.3)what is the father’s tone in telling the story?The tone is light and ironic because the story is meant to be funny. The problem in the story was one that people think is very serious when it happens, but later they can laugh about.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to thenew words and topic.5. Exercise:Sentence making in dialoguesTeacher: now I’d like you to complete the following dialogues by making Sentences with the giver phrases.Pull up1.what do you ask your driver to do when you reach your destination?I ask the driver to pull up near the place I want to go.2.what does a bus driver do when a passenger wants to get off?He pulls up at a bus stop.3.what does the red light mean to a moving vehicle?It means that the vehicle must pull up at the zebra.A piece of cake1.can you recite the 26 English letters?Sure. It’s a piece of cake.2.do you think it difficult to use a tape recorder?No. it’s a piece of cake.Make a dent in1.have you finished your outline?No, I’ve hardly made a dent in it.2.How are you getting along with your project?We have made only a small dent in it.Cut into1.do you watch TV in your study period?No. that would cut into my study time.2.what cuts into the factory’s profit?The rise of the labor costs, material prices, the increased consumption of power, etc.Settle for1.if you can’t sell your bicycle at a high price, what will you do?I have to settle for a lower price.2.If you can’t get a well-paid job, will you settle for a lower-paid job?Might/may/could as well1.what do you suggest we do during the winter vacation?If you have nothing to do, you might as well take up a part-time job.2.what should I do if I can’t afford a house?You may as well rent an apartment and set aside your money for a new house.Unit 2 Deer and The Energy CycleTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the energy cycle and instruct them to observe the animal’s living instinct in order to value the natural resource; learn about food-enery-life-death.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: tendency, rate, area, plentiful, possessions, currency, scarce, ample, drowsy, fundamental, accumulate, internal, hencePhrases & Expressions: to meet the needs, turn of mind, convert intoGrammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the usage of dictionary.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence .5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 2 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1. Warm-up questions1)Allow Ss to go over the text for 10 mins.2)Ask them to list the facts about the life of deer in the four seasonsrespectively.3)Sum up Ss’s results2. Introductory remarks:1) What do you think life depends on?Money, love, or something else?2) where does energy come from?Food, spirit, God, or what?3)what happens to life there is no food , or source of energy?if life useless after it comes to an end?4) Life is energy, isn’t it? What do you think?The planet we live on is made up of 2 major components: living organisms and inorganic substances. As far as living things are concerned, life spans vary. Some may live for thousands of years, while others live only a few seconds. Regardless of the this difference, every life develops from a lower stage to a higher stage until its death, and every species develops in this way, too. But what makes life perform in this way? What happens after life? Our earth has been functioning for billions of years. What has made it work for so long? Let’s have a careful study of the text 3. New words and phrases studyStudy of the words and phrasesNew words and old wordsTeacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)tendency turn of mindmoney currencychange into convert intoautumn fallsomething stored reservesrare scarceto satisfy the demands to meet the needsarea regionplentiful amplepossessions resourcestore depositspend expendsleepy drowsybecome liquid meltat the same time meanwhilebasic fundamentaltherefore hencecollect accumulateinside internalsmall wooden house cabinEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)注重/有……的倾向 a … turn of mind生态系统an ecological system 倚赖to depend on年复一年from year to year尽可能多as much as one can旺季times of plenty储存的脂肪reserves of fat/stored fat 不甚出名,鲜为人知less well known能说明问题的例子 a good case in point营养食品nutritious food生理成熟physically mature生育to give birth to食物资源food resources熬过冬天to survive the winter/to pull through the winter 大雪deep snow小雪light snow基本规律 a fundamental ruleII. While-reading Activities1.Text and questions for discussion .Lines 1-61.what does “love makes the world go round” mean?People with a romantic turn of mind think that love, romantic love, is what makes life worth living..2.why does the author say t hat energy is the “currency” of the ecological system?An ecological system is all the plants, animals and people, and their surroundings, considered as a whole, In the commercial world, money is the currency , or means of survival. For life, the most important support is food, the source of energy for life, which allows growth, reproduction, and survival.Lines 7-121.what do wild animals do with the food in different seasons? Why do they do so?Wild animals seem to know when there will be plenty of food and when there won’t. so they eat as much as they can when there is plenty of food so that they can become fat and strong and grow well. In winter, they have little to eat. But they do not starve because the fat they have stored in their bodies brings them through this hard time.Lines 13-221.what does “ this is good timing” mean?This means that the female deer uses the most suitable seasons, i.e.summer and fall, for the birth of fawns and the production of milk because both the conception and production cost the female deer much energy and in both seasons there is plenty of food, which meet the deer’s physical needs.Lines 23-311.to what does the author compare the process of fat reserving?A bank savings account, from which one can draw when he needs the money. Lines 32-441.what is the phenomenon of lowering metabolism?The heart rate slows. The animal becomes slow and drowsy. Therefore, the use of and need for energy is reduced.2.what protects the deer from cold winter? How does it work?They undergo physical and internal physiological changes, i.e. the hair growth andthe slow metabolism. The thick hair keeps the deer warm and the slow metabolism makes the deer consume less energy, which is stored in the form of fat for use when they need it for growth.Lines 45-561.what decreases as winter progresses?The deer’s activities.2.why were people advised to behave like that?To use less oil and electricity for conserving energy to pull through the crisis.3.what does the author imply by “watched the deer”?He implies that men can learn from the deer to reduce unnecessary cost of energy. Lines 57-641.“…to pull them through”. Can you say it in other words?…to help them survive the winter.2.what is the fundamental rule of life?The more fat the deer reserve, the more chance there is for them to survive the crises. Only the largest and strongest are likely to survive.3.Is the fundamental rule of life applicable to human beings?Yes. If we human beings do not protect nature and ourselves by saving energy, we will be punished by nature and will eventually be wiped out from this planet. Lines 65-681.what is the life cycle?Food-energy-life-survival-reproduction-death-food-energy-other life… .Food –energy-seek more food-new energy-food…..Energy is vital to our world. But energy is not always plentiful. The supply can vary, either seasonally or for other reasons. Some animals, the white-tailed deer, for instance, have developed natural ways or varying their own use of energy with the variations of the supply. Human beings can and should learn this lesson for their own survival.2. Teacher explains the key points in detailsturn of mind1.what is your turn of mind?I have a logical turn of mind, or literary/critical/philosophic/humorous/optimisticturn of mind.2.what kind of person is likely to create things?A person of a creative turn of mind is likely to create things.3.what words can you use to describe people of different turns of mind?Down-to-earth, poetic, business-like, humorous, etc.Depend on1.How do crops grow?They depend on the sunlight,water, and fertilizer for growth.2.How are the prices of commodities set?They mainly depend on the relation between demand and supply.A case in point1.can you give an example of a successful person?Yes. A case in point is Thomas Edison, a great inventor.2.can anything heavier than air stay in the sky?Yes. A case in point is the helicopter.3.How can we conclude that a person is selfish.A case in point is…Meet…needs1.why do people drink so much water on the sports ground?They have to meet their body’s needs for water as they play in the sun.2.why does a factory install another assembly line?They want to meet the needs of increasing production.Draw on1.How can a good writer write so many interesting stories?He draws on his experience, knowledge, observation, perception and interpretation of life for the material of his stories.2.How can a person put forward such a peculiar idea?I think he’s drawn on his imagination.Slow down1.what is a driver expected to do if a police car comes towards or follows him/her?He/she is expected to slow down and then stop by the road side.2.what does a runner do after he passes the finish line?He slows down and stops.Pull through1.what should you do in face of difficulties?I should use my skills, work hard,and sometim es I should take somebody’s advice.This might help to pull me through the difficulties.2.why was the little boy, Schatz,waiting for death?He believed he had a fatally high temperature and would not pull through.3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)4.T summarizes the main idea and structure of the text (5 mins)III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the new words.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to the newwords and topic.Unit 3 Why Do We Believe That The Earth Is Round? Teaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know the author’s purpose is to teach Ss to have a correct attitude towards knowledge and accepting of knowledge by taking the examples of other’s arguments of the shape of Earth.2 About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: preface, remark, cite, exaggerate, mast, appeal, analogy, cast, precarious, produce, burden, botherPhrases & Expressions: appeal to, follow up, for the sake of, throw light on, shaped like, cast on, fall back on, stray away from,Grammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the reading skills of telling difference bwteenfacts and opinion sentences.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill—coherence.5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 3 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information1)George Orwell2)George BernardShaw3)The Flat Earth Theory and the Round Earth Theory4)Eclipses5)Playing Cards6)Comrade MaoTse-tung on knowledge, on Direct Experience and IndirectExperience2. warm-up questions and introductory remarks1)Do you believe that the earth is round? Why?Yes, I do, because science proves that it is true.2) Have you heard of other conclusions about the shape of the earth?What are they? Why don’t you believe them?Yes. The earth was said to be flat or oval. I don’t believe them because the photos from satellites or the scenes of eclipses show that it’s round.2)why is “the earth is round” put in a question?3.Key words and expressions:study of the words and phrasesnew words and old wordsteacher students(old words or expressions) (new ones)forward prefacesay,argue remarkquote citesimply merelyaccept without question swallowoverstate exaggerateattract appeal tofor the good of for the sake ofpole on a ship mastbend curvecomparison analogyquickly promptlyround plate discthrow castgo to aim atinsecure precariousturn to for help fall back onin another way otherwisemove from stray away fromshow produceload burdentake trouble botherEnglish and Chinese PhrasesTeacher(Chinese) students(English)在某处somewhere or other序言the preface to中世纪the middle ages普遍认为the widespread belief that 普通人the ordinary citizen迎合口味appeal to我的…完蛋了bang goes my…求助于fall back on不屑一顾would not even bother to反驳say…against天体heavenly body由此可见it will be seen that靠不住的理由precarious reasons知识面the range of knowledge 无力的论据weak argumentII. While-reading Activities1.Ss have the silent reading on the text (10 mins)2.T explains the text in details.Appeal to1.do detective films appeal to you?Yes, ….No, … .2.what kinds of books appeal most to youth?Books on …3.why are children’s clothes colorful?Bright and colorful clothes usually appeal to children.Follow up1.what do the police do if a case is reported to them?They follow up the case.2.what do you do if you read an interesting story series on a newspaper?I follow it up.For the sake of1.what do people usually do for the sake of health?They eat healthy f ood, do exercises and don’t smoke,don’t…2.why is it necessary to widen the streets?It’s necessary to widen the streets for the sake of a smoother flow of traffic. Throw light on1.what is the use of the background knowledge of a story?It throws light on it.2.why are illustrations, data and charts or tables necessary in scientific reports orbusiness presentations?They throw light on the reports and presentations.Shaped like1.Why is a UFO also called a flying saucer?It is shaped like a saucer.2.what is a space shuttle like?It is shaped like a huge plane.Cast on1.what can you see on a moon-lit night in the open?I can see my shadow cast on the ground.I can see the shadows of the trees cast on the wall/window.Fall back on1.why do you set aside some money every month?I set aside some money every month so that I can fall back on it if I get sick orbecome unemployed.2.what do you do when you get lost in a new city?I fell back on the police.Stray away from1.what must you bear in mind when you walk along a path in an area of swamp?I must not stray away from the path.2.what kind of people don’t you like to talk to?I don’t like to talk to those who often stray away from the topic.Text and questions for discussionLines1-71.why is “ Saint Joan” in italics?It is the name of a play. See note 3 in your textbook.2.who is Bernard Shaw?See Note 4 in your textbook. He is widely considered the treatest British dramatist since Shakespeare. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. For more details, refer to Note 1,2. in Teacher’s book.3.what do “gullible and superstitious” mean?Gullible means willing to believe anything or anyone, easily deceived.“superstitious” means willing to believe something that cannot be explained by reason or science or that brings good or bad luck.4.can you paraphrase “swallows this theory”?accepting the theroy blindly without questioning and suspicions.Lines 8-131.what does “it” refer to in the sentence “ the light it throws on modernknowledge”?It refers to “ the question”2.what is the question that is worth following up?Are we too gullible and superstitious today?3.why does the author only tend to speak of ordinary men when answering why webelieve that the earth is round?Ordinary men don’t have the espertise to prove it scientifica lly.Lines 14-191.why is a distant ship invisible but its mast and funnel can be seen from theseashore?Look at the picture on the next page.2.can you paraphrase “what can I say against it?”I can refute the Flat Earth theory but I need more proofs to refute the Oval Earththeory.Lines 20-261.does the author really “play cards”?no. this is a figure of speech used to mean preenting an argument point by point.“the first card I can play” means the first pointi can make to support my argument.2.what does “analogy of the sun and moon” mean?To compare the earth to the sun and the moon.Lines 27-311.when does a lunar eclipse occur?When the earth passes between the sun and the moon and blocks the sunlight, or casts its shadow onto the moon, a lunar eclipse occurs.e the Oval Earth theory to refute the author’s eclipse argument.The shadow cast on the moon is round, but it doesn’t follow that the earth is spherical. It may perfectly well be flat like a disc.3.what is the author’s argument about the eclipses based on?Publications, such as newspapers and magazines.Lines 32-391.what does the author mean by “ the minor exchanges?”the less important points of debate.2.what does the author think of his previous defeats?He considers them minor/unimportant points, and he is hopeful to win in thedebate.3.who is Royal?See note 6.4.which is higher, Queen,King, or Ace?King is higher than Queen,and Ace is higher than King.5.can you paraphrase the last sentence?Refer to note 23.Lines 40-461.what does “bang goes my ace” mean?My ace doesn’t work. I lose my ace. My argument isn’t conclusive.2.what does the author think of his “ last card”?he believes that the last point of his argument defeats the Oval Earth man.Lines 47-601.what does the author think of his evidence?He doesn’t t hink it convincing enough.2.what does “an exceptionally elementary piece of information” mean?A piece of information that everyone knows.3.what is this piece of information?The earth is round.4.can you use a Chinese saying to explain “when the range of know ledge is so vasthat the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty”?隔行如隔山5.what does “ credulous” mean?Ready to believe, without evidence.3.T asks Ss to come out the main idea, structure of the text (10mins)Summary questions and Concluding remarks1.what cards does the author play to refute opinions different from his?The phenomenon of the seashore view, the analogy of the sun and the moon, the earth’s shadow, the newspapers and books, the opinions of the experts, andnavigation.2.do you have any other cards to support the author?High above on a plane, we can see the curved horizon, still higher above in a space ship, astronauts tell us that the earth is round, like a ball. Pictures taken from spaceships or sky labs show the earth in no other shape than spherical.3.can you sum up the main idea of this text?III. Post-reading Activities1.Let the students do the exercises in the textbook which are related to the new words.2.Ss hand in the summary of the text.3.Ss discuss the questions on the topic related to the text.4.Let Ss do the exercises in the text book which are mainly related to the new words and topic.Unit 4 Jim ThorpeTeaching Time: 4 hoursStudents’ level:Sophomores of non-English majors in the 2nd semester.Teaching Objectives:1.Get Ss to know Thorpe’s experiences before and after his career success and the influence of racial discrimination towards American Indians.2.About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: await, arrival, beat, opponent, bunk, strain, utterly, glide, bewildered, desert, declinePhrases & Expressions: build on, breeze through, catch up withGrammar:3. About the reading, Ss should know the usage skimming.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know how to write a recount.5. About the listening, Ss finish the Unit 4 directed by teacher.Teaching Procedures:I. Pre-reading Activities1.Background information2.Introductory remarks: This is a well-known story. The story may not be true,3.Warm-up questions1) who was Jim Thorpe?He was an American Indian, was a great athlete. He won both the pentathlon and the decathlon, the two most demanding Olympic events, in the 1912 Stockholm Olympic Games.2)Can you say anything about Olympic Games?---what is the symbol?Five interlocking circles,red,blue, yellow, black and green, on a white field representing the continents of the world joined in friendship.3)what is the motto?。
大学英语精读第四册
大学英语精读第四册Unit one: Big Bucks the Easy Way Introductory RemarksIn the United States of America Family background or personal influence plays a much less important role than in many other societies. Anyone who wants to become successful has to rely mainly on his own efforts. That’s why many American parents encourage their children to do part-time jobs while studying in college or even in high school. This is of great benefit to the young people not only financially but also in the development and formation of character, for in the process of work, they can learn a lot of things which are impossible for them to acquire (= get / obtain) from their textbooks at school.In this story, for instance, the two college sons have to develop management skills quickly in order to get their work done; they have to learn cooperation, team work, efficiency and business ethics (理念)in order to meet the real world’s deadlines. And the two youngest sons have also to learn that “you are never done with books”, because books teach us knowledge and theories which are as important as, if not more important than, practical experience.Written in a humorous style (幽默的风格), the story also tells us as well as all those youngsters that there is no easy way to earn a lot of money in the United States. You have to learn quickly and work hard before you can get your share of money.PrefacePatterns:be unaware of (sth) = be unconscious of (sth)be unaware + that clause = be unconscious +that clause Pattern:involve oneself in / with / into sth = be involved in / with/ intotempt (=induce) sb into doing sth诱惑某人做某事Compare: advertisement / advertisingadvertisement / commercialsPattern:promise sb. to do sthprobably = maybe = perhapsCompare :too … to(否定)only/but/simply/never too …to (强调肯定)1)This text is too difficult to learn.2)This text is simply/but/only/never too difficult to learn.Big Bucks the Easy Way轻轻松松赚大钱buck (American slang = money): ten bucks (=dollars); in the bucks (手头有钱)Lines 1 – 14look into = investigate: look into (=investigate) the matter Pattern: suggest sth to sbavoid (vt.): keep away from (避开; 避免)Pattern: avoid doing sth. (Right); avoid to do sth. (Wrong) dignity (庄严; 尊严); indignity = in + dignityplastics (n.) (塑料); plastic (adj.)塑料的hang –hanged – hanged (vt.)吊死；绞死e.g.: The murder was sentenced to be hanged.hang – hung – hung (vi. & vt.)悬挂；垂下e.g.: I plan to hang some pictures in my new house. message: note; informationtext message手机短信leisurely (adj.):(moving, acting, or done) without haste; unhurried 从容的; 不慌不忙的lucrative (adj.): profitableleisurely, lucrative work: work that brings in a lot of money and can be done with ease 能轻松赚钱的工作I can live with(=put up with / endure)it (=indignity). panhandle:(AmE) beg, esp. on the streetembarrass sb. = make sb. feel embarrassed 使人感到难为情magazine-delivery thing 投递杂志的事settle (=accommodate) oneself in some placeLines 15 – 29enthuse (vi.): show enthusiasm非常兴奋；兴高采烈enthuse (vi.) --- enthusiasm (n.) --- enthusiastic (adj.)inquire = ask: Pattern:inquire / ask sth of sb.super (colloq.): wonderful; splendid; excellentsnap (vt.): say (sth.) sharply 厉声地说“Super!” she snapped, “Just super!…”: The verb “snapped” makes it clear that she was saying this in an ironical tone. As a matter of fact, her day was just awful.truck (AmE) = lorry (BrE)pull up: come to a stop; bring to a stope.g.: John was walking along the street when suddenly a car pulled up beside him.Montgomery Wards; Sears; Roebucks:They are mail-order business companies 从事邮递业务的公司…it will be four thousand of something:…it will be four thousand advertising inserts for some other department store or companyPattern: be responsible (to sb.) for sth.Compare:responsibility --- obligation --- liabilityFill in each of the blanks with the proper word:Your _____ is to sign the contract between the two companies. Each company must carry out the signed contract for its ____, andany party has to take its _____ if it fails to implement the contract Patterns: Sb. is to blame for sth (Formal)Sb is blamed for sth; blame sb for / on sth (Informal)…it turned out(prove / come to be clear) 插入语hand-deliver (vt.) = deliver by hand派人直接送advertising inserts用于广告作用插在报纸或杂志中的广告插页…are included with(=be inserted between / be put between)…Patterns:1.promise to do sth2. promise sb to do sth3. promise sb for sth(a) piece of cake: a colloquial phr ase “sth can be done easily”Lines 30 – 50six hundred (bucks = dollars)echo (vt.): repeat (the word, feelings , etc. of sb.) 附和; 重复e.g.: The little boy echoes everything his brother says. Patterns:1. inform sb of sth. 2. inform sb + that clauseAnd we do the job in two hours. (note: not using “after”) porch (AmE) = veranda (BrE) 门廊even as (= just at the time when ) we speak 引导让步状语load 装--- unload卸carrying armloads (n.) of sth: carrying armful of sth…all this指这么多广告to get (系动词) busy = to start to workurgent message紧急留言unnaturally high: extraordinarily / extremely highquaver (vi.): (of the voice or a sound) shake; tremble颤抖truckloads of ad inserts几卡车的广告插页dime: coin of U.S. and Canada, worth of ten centsdime store: 廉价商品店drugstore: 杂货店；药店grocery :食品店greengrocery: 蔬菜店whole magazine sections整本杂志那么厚cram (vt.)把…塞满; 装满wall-to-wall(方式状语): 类似的表达方式face-to-face; shoulder-to-shoulderstack = pile 堆in stacks = pile and pile; in pilestake one each of the eleven inserts从十一中插页中各取一份slip a rubber band around them套上橡皮筋slide into塞进takeout restaurant 外卖餐馆Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. :Her voice kept rising as if (her voice was) rising to such a pitch that it could no longer be heard by the human ear.keep doing sth持续做某事as if:后可接现在分词He paused as if expecting me to speak. work one?s way费力前进; 努力获得range范围; out of the range of超过…范围Lines 51 – 65Pattern: had better do sth; had better not do sth.as … as one can= as … as possiblee.g.: Please come here as soon as you can. = Please come here as soon as possibleGot a lunch date. = I have got an appointment for lunch.I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so.我吃的牛排好极了，但这次学乖了，还是不说为妙know better than to do很明智不去做…e.g.: As a college student, you should know better than to waste your time like that.Some sort of (= something like) sour fisheel: (long, snake-like fish) 鳗；鳝a couple of = a few 两三个；几个；assembly line装配线；流水作业“movement” = some progress or advanceencouraging --- discouragingPattern:encourage sb. to do sth.Pattern: be at sth:从事于; 在状态中e.g.: They are still at work (at rest).Compare: roof --- ceilingdent (n.)凹下的地方make a dent in 使凹下去(即减少);此处意为减少一点;有所进展re-: again; once more使…再生; 增加re produce --- re print --- re tell --- re thinkLines 66 – 80get…out of…: 从…中得到get the best out of …: 从…中得到最大利益…one does not get the best out of employees by …: one does not get the greatest possible amount of work out of his employees by …bodily harm体罚obtaining an audience with跟…通话son No. 1: the older sonPatterns: threaten (vt.)1.Nuclear weapons threaten the peace and security of theworld.2.The robber threatened me with a gun.3.He threatens to make the photo public.bonus: reward cut into (=reduce) our profitunless: if notPattern: enable sb. to do sth. = make sb. able to do sth. Compare: on time --- in timeIf they don?t =If they don?t make all the deliveries on time There will be (is) no +动名词= it will be (is) impossible to do 意为“不可能”1.There is no getting along with him.跟他是无法相处的。