语言学试题分类汇编

第一章语言与语言学简介

I.Definition

1. sound symbolism

2. anthropological linguistics (北航2004年)

3. competence (北交大2003年)

4．a diachronic view of language (北交大2003年)

5. duality

6. langue and parole

7. distinctive features (北交大2003年)

8. displacement (北科大) 9. cultural transmission (人大2002年)

10. diachronic linguistics 11. parole （首师大，2001年）

12. definition of language (either Hockett’s or Chomsky’s)

13. general linguistics 14. duality (首师大，2003年)

II.Choose the correct answers. (1 point or 2 points)

1.The phatic function of language constitutes part of ____. （对外经贸大学2003年）

A) its informative function B) its interpersonal function

C) its emotive function D) its recreational function

2. The word for “书” is “book” in English and “livre” in French. Which design feature of language does this illustrate? (对外经贸大学2004年)

A) Duality B) Creativity C) Displacement D) Arbitrariness

3. What function do the greetings “How are you?” and “你吃了吗？” perform? (对外经贸大学2004年)

A) phatic communion B) emotive function

C) metalingual function D) poetic function

4．When language is used to get information from others, it serves an ____ function. (北二外，2003年) A) informative B) directive C) interrogative

5．Language is ___.(multiple choice)

A) a means of verbal communication B) a purposeful act

C) social and conventional D) true of both human beings and animals

6. A linguistic study is ____ if it describes and analyses facts observed.

A) prescriptive B) synchronic C) diachronic D) descriptive

(北京林业大学，2004年)

pletion

1.The defining properties of human language are __(2)__, ___(3)__, __(4)___, _(5)___ and ___(6)__ . （人大

2005年）

2.Linguistics is usually defined as the _____ study of language. （北二外2003年）

3.The branch of general linguistics which is named ____ studies the internal structure of sentences. (同上)

4.An approach in linguistic study which attempts to lay down rules of correctness as to how language

should be used is ____. (北二外2004年)

5.One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of speech over ____. (北二外，2005年)

6.When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than

exchanging information or ideas, its function is ____ function. (北二外，2005年)

7.In Saussure’s view, the relationship between signifier (s ound image) and signified (concept) is _____.

(北二外，2005年)

IV.Tell if each of the following statements is true or false. If you think it false, correct it. (2 points for each question)

1.The most important sociological use of language is the performative function, by which people

establish and maintain their status in society. (北二外2003年)

2.“Competence” and “performance” are two distinctive terms proposed by Saussure. (北二外，2005年)