2020届高考英语 阅读理解专练细节理解题素材 精品

2020届英语阅读理解专练细节理解题

【考例分析1】For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do? （2020·湖北卷·B篇）

Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?

A. Both can continue for generations

B. Both are about where to draw the line

C. Neither has any clear winner

D. Neither can be put to an end

【考例分析2】 The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. （2020·湖南卷·C）

What were the people asked to do in the study?

A. To make a face at each other.

B. To get their faces impressive.

C. To classify some face pictures.

D. To observe the researchers’ faces.

【考例分析3】Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of “Do not do to others what you would not want o thers to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. （2020·江西卷·C）

Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that .

A. all men were equal when they were born

B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class

C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom

D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to

【考例分析4】Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe. （2020·全国卷II·C）

Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe?

A. To visit more ski areas.

B. To ski on natural snow.

C. For a large collection of ski suits.

D. For better services and equipment.

【考例分析5】He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it? (2020·北京卷·B)

What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas

【考例分析6】But Parbati doesn’t catch elephants just for fun. “My work,” she says, “is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man.” And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its

home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back.

Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill. （2020·上海卷·A）

For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to .

A. get long lasting excitement

B. keep both man and elephants safe

C. send them back to the jungle

D. make the angry elephants tame

【考例分析7】Parbati hasn’t always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. “Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase,” she says. （2020·上海卷·A）

Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, ______________.

A. she spent her time hunting with her father

B. she learned how to sing love songs

C. she had already been called an elephant princess

D. she was taught how to hunt tigers

【考例分析8】It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers （生产商）follow certain uniform standards for various features（特征）of clothes. What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form the left. Considering most of the world’s population-men and women-are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left? (2020·重庆卷·C)

What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B. It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.

C. It works better with men than with women.

D. It fails to consider right-handed people.

【考例分析9】 The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivera, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries. (2020·安徽卷·A)

From the text we learn that__________.

A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year

B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s

C. some of Olivetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy

D. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning

【考例分析10】After World War Ⅱ, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts（转移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）. (2020·安徽卷·C)

Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?

A. Because older American cities were dying.

B. Because they were richer and needed more space.

C. Because cities contained the worst pare of society.

D. Because they could hardly afford a live in the city.

【考例分析11】When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. （2020·广东卷·A）

Why was the author’s mother poorly served？

A. She was unable to speak good English.

B. She was often misunderstood.

C. She was not clearly heard.

D. She was not very polite. W

【考例分析12】My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs. Tan.” （2020·广东卷·A）

From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was .

A. good a pretending

B. rude to the stockbroker

C. ready to help her mother

D. unwilling to phone for her mother

【考例分析13】The little baby whale——actually as big as our boat——was obviously stuck and could not move. The mother dived under the water and came up suddenly, making big whirlpools(漩涡) and waves. “She’s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said. At this point, my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. （2020·湖北卷·A）

The mother whale failed to help her baby because__________.

A. she had stayed in the polluted water for too long

B. the whirlpools she had made were not big enough

C. she had no other whales around to turn to for help

D. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction

【考例分析14】Fashion designer Angela Barnard, who runs her own fashion business in London, said older women were much more affected by celebrity(名流) style than in previous years .She said, “When peopl e see stars such as Judi Dench and Helen Mirren looking attractive and fashionable in their sixties, they want to follow them. Older women are much more aware of celebrities .There’s also the boom in TV programmes showing people how they can change their look, and many of my older customers do yoga to stay in shape well in their fifties. （2020·湖北卷·C）

What can we learn about old women in terms of fashion？

A. They are often ignored by fashion designers.

B. They are now more easily influenced by stars.

C. They are regarded as pioneers in the latest fashion.

D. They are more interested in clothes because of their old age.

【考例分析15】Andy rode slowly on his way to school, day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.He rode along until a strange around drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the heavens. What he saw shocked him. A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like clack cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him. （2020·江西卷·A）

Why did Andy fail to notice the swarm of bees earlier?

A. He was riding to school.

B. He was listening to a strange sound.

C. He was going fishing with his father.

D. He was lost in the thought of the fishing trip.

【考例分析16】Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television. Nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noises with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other‘s minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle（奇迹）it is. （2020·江西卷·E）

According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is .

A. our ability to use language

B. the miracle of technology

C. the amazing power of nature

D. our ability to make noises with mouth

【考例分析17】It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries. Then one day, some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog’s le gs. However, they did not have enough