最新2019年通用考博英语写作讲义
2019年考博通用考博英语写作讲义
英语写作简介
六字方针：少出错，多出彩
camera
video
an increasing number of
digital products have gained increasing popularity
input 语言材料的输入
随着现代科技的发展，我们生活中出现了越来越多的数码产品。
With the development of the modern society, more and more digital tools have appeared in our life.
写作类型
一、阐述观点型
（一）对立观点型
1．Should College Students Be Allowed to Get Married?
（二）单一观点型
1．Imported Products
二、陈述利弊型
1．What Kind of Role Should Examination Play in Education?
三、解决问题型
1．Say No to Fake Medicine
四、谚语警句型
1．Haste Makes Waste
五、图表图画型
（一）图表题
2．Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China (a)
（二）图画题
1．On Supporting the Old
六、书信型
3．
4．
8．
七、读后感型
1．The Goal of Life
八、文章摘要型
九、其他
写作基础—单词
balcony 包厢
背单词的四个方面
1、知道读音phenomenon 现象
2、知道词形：
不同词性，名词、动词、形容词farther further
3、知道词义
game observe
4、知道词的用法
attach 系隶属于attach importance to 重视
练习at least 10
考博写作整体介绍
出题
1、教育科研
2、社会生活
3、人生哲理
23．(四川大学)
Directions: It is known that more and more universities in China are seeking to increase their enrollment. As a result, more than ever universities are becoming career-oriented. Write a composition “University: Where Will You Go?”with 300 words to give your comment.
2．（北京大学2005）
Directions: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below. And write the composition on the ANSWER SHEET.（15%）
Topic: Is English Language Teaching Overemphasized in Chinese Education?
6．（湖北省2004）
Directions: In this section you are required to write an essay in accordance with following requirements.
A．Title: Should All College Courses Be Specifically Related to a Future Occupation?
B．Time limit: 40 minutes
C．Word limit: 180～200 words
D．Your composition must be written on the ANSWER SHEET．
5．（中国科学院2003．10）
Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic below. Use the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
My Idea of Professional Ethics for a Scientist.
中国传媒大学2008
Directions: Write a composition of about 250 words on "Online Sharing Culture". Your composition is to include 3 paragraphs:
1) In the first paragraph, state your point of view.
2) In the second paragraph, support you view with appropriate details.
3) In the third paragraph, bring your composition to a natural conclusion.
20．(复旦大学2003)
Directions: Write a composition of about 180 words on the topic The Value of Failure. Your composition should be written on Answer Sheet II.
中国艺术研究院（2007）
Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition based on the following information.
Some people argue that it is unnecessary for a doctoral student of arts to spend much time studying English. What do you think? Write a composition entitled "My Opinion on English Study
for Doctoral Students of Arts". Provide details in support of your argument. Write your translation
on the ANSWER SHEET with no less than 200 words.
4．(北京大学2004)
Directions: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below. And write the composition on the ANSWER SHEET. (15％) Topic: Epidemic Diseases and Public Health Crises
形式：九类
一、阐述观点型
（一）对立观点型
（二）单一观点型
二、陈述利弊型
三、解决问题型
四、谚语警句型
五、图表图画型
六、书信型
七、读后感型
八、文章摘要型
九、其他
时间和字数
时间：30-40分钟
字数：200-300词
改卷
高分策略
1、字迹清楚，段落明朗
2、内容完整，紧扣提纲
3、首保正确，再求闪光
4、先总后分，连词用上（段落）
firstly first of all above all in the first place
二、关联词
1) 表示列举或次序：first, firstly, first of all, above all, to begin with，in the first place, for one thing; second, secondly, in the second place, for another; finally, last but not least
写作评分
写作评分实例
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1．当今社会上存在着很多不诚实的现象。
2．诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。
①In our modern social life, there are many examples around us show many people are cheated. Advertisements cheat people, salesmen cheat people, even one's closest friends cheat him or her. So many heartbreaks are heard everyday that we cannot help asking: where is our honest exist?
Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten. Honesty does good not only to ourselves, but to others as well. If we are honest to others. We will be happier and be in a better mood. Otherwise, we'll feel guilt at last. To a company and its advertisement, honesty will bring it more consumer and more profit. If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone. To a company, no consumer will buy your product again.
So, as the above is said, it pays to be honest. Let's create a morally outstanding social.
②Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society.
For example, some businessmen sell fake products to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams.
③With the development of modern economic and industry, competitive is becoming more and more obvious. At the same time, the performance of dishonest is becoming more and more clearly.
Nowadays, there are many dishonest performance in our society. For example, some people found that he saled goods had past the preservation date. Not throw them away, they revised the perservation date, and saled them again after several days. Another case in the point, a pair of shoes was made from goat. However, in order to sale at a high price, the salers would say they were made from cow which has good quality.
第二部分写作常见错误分析
（二）动词形式错误
1．时态错误
Many people thought that the Internet will be more useful in the future.
3．单复数错误
1）Wise man catch opportunities rather than wait for them.
2）Someone are afraid that computer may control men in the future.
3）His brothers or he were to blame.
4）More than one question were asked.
5）Many a fine man have died in that battle.
单数可数名词通常不可单独存在，要么加限定词，要么变复数
电脑很有用。The computer is very useful.
（三）代词错误
1）As long as one works hard, you can learn English well.
2）Many people take a holiday to relax yourself.
3）A college student should be able to do their washing by themselves.
4）We can use computers do everything you like.
5）My this letter is about the position you advertised in the newspaper.
（四）冠词错误
1）Horse is an useful animal.
2）Every morning, many people do exercises in park and open ground.
3）The exam will be held in the December, 2004.
4）The ship is sailing on Pacific Ocean.
（五）词性错误
1）They are very patient to service us.
2）Before reading my letter, please accept my best wishes for your healthy.
3）If a person wants to success, he must learn to endure sufferings and setbacks.
4）I wish you can consider my suggests.
Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten. Honesty does good not only to ourselves, but to others as well. If we are honest to others. We will be happier and be in a better mood. Otherwise, we'll feel guilt at last. To a company and its advertisement, honesty will bring it more consumer and more profit. If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone. To a company, no consumer will buy your product again.
②Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society.
For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the exam s.
Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won't buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even
be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later.
高分策略
1、字迹清楚，段落明朗
2、内容完整，紧扣提纲
3、首保正确，再求闪光（用词造句准确多样）
4、先总后分，连词用上
从句：
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
定语从句
状语从句
同位语从句
第六部分英文句子写作练习
一、复合句
1．将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为主语从句。
1)They need more help in English.
That is quite obvious.
2)She is still alive.
That is good news.
3)She will come here.
It doesn't seem likely.
4)We are badly in need of something.
It is raw material.
3．将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为宾语从句，并且用it作形式宾语。
1)I was far more intelligent than he was.
I always took that for granted.
4．用“what”从句将下列句子补充完整。
1)Could you show me ______ (you, write)?
2)This is ______ (we, should always, keep in mind).
3)(they, see)______ in China made a deep impression on them.
4)We must not put off till tomorrow ______ (we, can, do, today).
The doctor thinks that is advisable.
5．将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为同位语从句。
1)He is growing old.
Nothing could hide the fact.
2)He works hard.
The fact does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader.
3)I have a complacent feeling.
I feel that I'm highly intelligent.
4)He explained that he didn't see the notice.
The explanation is unsatisfactory.
6．将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为定语从句。
1)I have an arrangement with my bank.
By the arrangement they let me use their money and repay them next month.
2)He sent her a letter.
In the letter he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.
3)Mr. Brown just came from Britain yesterday.
He will teach us accounting this term.
4)She is going to spend the winter holidays in Hainan.
She has some relatives there.
7．将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为状语从句。
(as long as, on condition that, lest, so...that, such...that, in case, as if, now that, whether...or, however, )
1)You've bought a new car.
What are you going to do with the old one?
2)We'd better take the telescope with us.
Perhaps it is needed.
二、复杂的简单句
2．起伴随或补充说明作用的从句、简单句或并列谓语往往可以改写为“with+名词+分词／形容词／介词词组”的结构作状语。
1)They wear layers of clothes even in summer time. Newspapers are stuffed between the layers as further protection against bad weather.
2)If more people help them, they probably will be able to accomplish the task ahead of time.
3)As all his savings were gone, he started to look for a job.
5．两个句子的主语一致时，其中一个往往可以改写成分词结构作状语。
1)Every one of us had been convinced that the project was feasible by the time we left the meeting.
2)As Peter got home from the three-month-long journey to the Antarctic he looked tired out.
3)Teenagers are pressured by school work. They are also encouraged by their peers. Under such circumstances, they resort to smoking.
4)College students now are primarily interested in grades and economic success. They cheat
on exams more frequently.
Primarily interested in grades and economic success, college students cheat on exams more frequently.
三、省略句
英语经常省略与上文相同的内容或虽无其词已有其意的内容。
四、倒装句
英语的句子在以下几种情况下可以倒装。
五、被动句
英语中被动句的使用远远多于汉语。以下几种情况英语都用被动语态：(1)不知道动作的执行者；(2)没有必要指出或不想指出动作的执行者；(3)虽然需要同时指出动作的执行者但更
强调动作的承受者。
将下列句子改为被动形式。
1)All people believe that the Internet will play a more important role in the future.
It is universally believed that the Internet will play a more important role in the future.
We should take effective measures ... Effective measures should be taken ...
4）I heard the wind roar through the trees.
七、强调句
一、用词准确化
二、用词多样化
高分策略
用词如何准确、多样
高分策略
字迹清楚，段落明朗
内容完整，紧扣提纲
首保正确，再求闪光
先总后分，连词用上
语言简练，论据得当
写作常见错误
时态错误
单复数错误
改正错误方法
1.自己改
2.对译
2018考博英语写作万能模板
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