英语现在完成时

英语现在完成时

一．基本结构

have(has) + been + done(动词的现在分词)

否定句式have(has) + not + been + done(动词的现在分词) 疑问句式have（has）放在句首

二．用法

1.过去发生的动作对现在有影响

I have seen the film ,so I know what the story says.

2.过去发生的动作持续到现在（还有可能继续发生）

The film has been on for 5 minutes.

三．延续性动词

1.现在完成时中应使用延续性动词

2.非延续性动词：动作开始既（即）结束

3.非延续性动词过渡到延续性动词

常见:

四．标志

1.already ,yet, never ,ever ,just ,before ,once/twice/数字+times (1)already, yet

already:用于肯定句，疑问句中，表示“已经”或表示强调He has already left here.

Has he already left here.

yet：用于否定句中，疑问句中，表示“还没”或“已经”My teacher hasn’t had breakfast yet.

Have you written to your parents yet?

(2)never ,ever

never:从来没有

ever：曾经

We have never been to the Great wall .

Have you ever been to Canada?

(3)just刚才

I am just had breakfast.

2.all the time总是, during the last years在过去的几年里

recently最近地=lately, by the end of (this month ,next year) in the past few years/month 在过去的……间

up to now直到现在

3.for+段时间，since+点时间

I have been here for 5 years.

I have been here since 2000.

I have been here since 5 years ago. since+段时间+ago

I have been here since I graduated in 2000.since+从句

have/has gone to 去了没回来

have/has been to 去了回来了

have/has been in 在某地待多久

for+段时间，since+点时间用how long 提问

四．固定句型

1．Since句型。“since+一般过去时”

Since从句中用非延续性动词或终止性动词表示肯定

Since从句中用延续性动词表示否定

It has only been four days since you went to Tokyo ,but it seems like it’s been four years.

It has/is been 5 years since he began to smoke.

2.this/it + was/is +（one of ）the most/best +形容词最高级+n.(pl.)+that +完成时

This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

3.this/it + was/is +the first/second/其他序数词/last +time +that +现在完成时/过去完成时

This is the first time children have taken part in General Assembly activities in such size and number.