专业英语八级考试全真试卷参考答案
专业英语八级模拟试卷22(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷22(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：Good morning. The topic for today’s lecture is culture shock. Culture shock is that...experience, often a somewhat painful experience that we have when we go from our home country to another country, particularly for the first time that we’ve gone overseas. We grow up in our home culture, accustomed to many, many things around us that we take for granted. We are very, very familiar with them. Now suddenly as we get ready to go off to another country, we are going to encounter many new things. And we’ll react in some very strange ways. This is what we call culture shock. Let’s talk about some phases or stages of culture shock. I’m going to talk about five stages. The first one is sensory overload. When we first arrive in the new country, we are going to see many new things, new and different from what we are accustomed to. The landscape may look different, the buildings may look different, the people may look different, the, uh, the behavior of people may look different, the vehicles that we see may be different, so many new things that are kind of exciting to us, and we just take in a lot of new stimuli until we are just saturated with it after a couple of days. That’s what we call sensory overload. Another phase is one of helplessness. Before long, we are going to find that there are more and more things that we cannot do very easily. whether it’s, uh, uh, in shopping, or, are going to be areas where we’re going to feel helpless much like a child that’s learning about life, but needs an adult to help him through it. We’ are gong to feel isolated, thirdly, at times when we can’t communicate effectively...uh, we’re just not getting through to people, or maybe people aren’t caring enough about us or, we may think they aren’t caring enough about us, and we will feel isolated. Fourthly, we may become depressed at times, particularly at the time of holidays. That’s always a time that we want to feel good, we think about our family. We think about our friends, think about the good times. And here we are in a strange land. We don’t have our family and friends. And get depressed. And fifthly, one of the things that happens is that as we run into more and more obstacles, more and more frustrations in the new country, we start thinking about the old country where we came from and how good thingswere there, how smoothly everything went. I never had this problem, just didn’t have them. OK, those are five of the phases, then, of culture shock. Now we’ll turn our attention to some areas of life that can cause culture shock. One of them is the arrival itself. When we arrive in the new country, we see so many new things. And that’s shocking to us. We’re not accustomed to it. Secondly, the greetings. We’re accustomed to certain greetings in our homeland. For example, we may have the expression that says something like “How much money do you make?” very common expression. But suddenly if you use the same expression for a greeting in the new country, we may get a very negative response, because a person may think we are prying into their personal business. And we’re shocked by that. We don’t expect it, don’t understand it. Thirdly, we notice that physical contact in the new land may be quite different. We may be shocked to find that in the new country, women and men have much more physical contact with each other in public than we’re accustomed to, and we’re shocked by it. This adds more to our culture shock. Fourthly, we may find that people require more or less personal space between them than we’re accustomed to. We may find that as we’re talking with somebody that person will be backing away from us as we’re talking. Or, a person may be moving on, towards you, and you don’t understand why. That can be a shock to the system as well. Fifthly, the area of language. It’s going to be a difficult one, if you are in a country that speaks a different language. You are struggling, struggling and struggling to learn more words to understand, particularly in the classroom, you’re trying hard to get the information so you can pass the test and you have an instructor that just keeps, uh, speaking in a very rapid rate, and he may not enunciate very well, so you have a particularly hard time, very very frustrating, which adds again to the culture shock. Finally, the area of life that can cause culture shock is the area of foods. Foods is a very emotional part of our life. We are familiar with certain foods that are our favorites and now we are in a new land, where our foods may be not available, or they’re prepared differently. Again, very shocking to us. Now when we’ve gone through all of this in our new land and we have come to the end of our tour, it’s time to go back home. Guess what? We’re in for another shock, because now that we’ve been in a new land, we’ve learned new things, we’ve gotten familiar with new things, we’ve changed our opinions about things. We’re kind of a different person and now we go back home. And we feel alienated and we have to go through the same process again. But there is one reassuring thing about this. After having gone through this process, we find that we cannot be at home any more the way we were before we left home, because of the changes that have taken place. But, on the other hand, because of what we have learned, the flexibility we’ve, uh. achieved, we can now be at home anywhere in the world. Thank you very much.Culture Shock Culture shock is a painful experience we go through when we encounter many new things in another country and we 【1】______ in some very strange way. There are five phases or 【2】______, depression and frustration when we run into obstacles in a new country. And here are six areas of life that cause culture shock: 1. The 【3】______ itself. We will see so many strange new things when we set foot on a new land.2. The greetings. A common way of greeting at home maylead to a 【4】______response in a new country because we are thought to have poked into other people’s personal affairs.3. 【5】______contact. We may be shocked to find that in the new country men and women hug and kiss much more in public than we are accustomed to.4. Personal 【6】______ between people talking. We don’t understand why a person will be backing away from us or why a person may be 【7】______ closer to us in the process of communicating with us. That can be a shock to the system as well.5. 【8】______. We always struggle to understand what people are saying. We usually have a very hard time in the classroom, when we struggle to follow the instructor who speaks very fast and to get the 【9】______needed for passing the exam.6. Food, which is very emotional part of life. In a new land, we find our favorite foods may not be available or are prepared quite differently. However, when we have eventually overcome the culture shock, we will have the 【10】______to feel at home anywhere in the world.1．【1】正确答案：react2．【2】正确答案：isolation3．【3】正确答案：arrival4．【4】正确答案：negative5．【5】正确答案：Physical／Bodily6．【6】正确答案：space7．【7】正确答案：moving8．【8】正确答案：Language9．【9】正确答案：information10．【10】正确答案：flexibilitySECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：Jenny: I’m longing to hear about this tour, Victoria. You must be terribly excited.Victoria: Oh, I am. I...I’ve never been to America before, so I’m really looking forward to it. I thought of going fly-drive.Jenny: Fly-drive?Victoria: Yes. You know, you...you can arrange for a car to be waiting for you at the airport when you arrive. You book everything this end including the plane tickets.Jenny: Sounds simple enough. Are you going to, then?Victoria: Well, I’m a bit worried about driving on the other side of the road and having to, so I decided it would be better to go on a more organized holiday.Jenny: What do you mean by “organized”?Victoria: Well, everything is arranged by a tour operator, a more organized trip. You know, you are taken around and shown where to go and what to do. I would probably miss half of the sight otherwise.Jenny: Mm, where are you going anyway?Victoria: Orlando. It’s in central Florida.Jenny: Sounds OK. Are you going on your own?Victoria: Yes, I don’t mind that. There will be other people on the tour. I’m sure to make friends. You know, I like meeting new people. Here, let me show you the brochure.Jenny: It looks pretty packed. Do you really have time to do all these things?Victoria: Oh, yes. It’s all planned. Let’s see. Day one, we arrive in Orlando. And after we’ve settled in our hotel, we have the afternoon free. I guess we could have a look around and do what we like.Then, day two, we go to Disney World.Jenny: You mean Mickey Mouse and all that?Victoria: Yes, it’s a kind of gigantic funfair with all the Disney characters and there is also the Epcot Centre, uh, a sort of city of the future with all the latest developments. I’ve always wanted to go there, anything I saw on television. And then, day three, we go to sea world.Jenny: Whatever is that?Victoria: Well, there have aquatic displays and performing dolphins and even a whale.Jenny: Oh, that’s quite unusual. Let’s see what you do on day four. Oh, it seems to be free.Victoria: Yes, that’s right. And then on the next day we go to the Kennedy Space Centre. That should be interesting.Jenny: I wonder how much they let you see. That’s where NASA is, isn’t it?Victoria: Well, you shouldn’t think you’d be able to see the latest spacecraft, but you might be allowed to glimpse some Mission Control, and perhaps how they receive message from satellite. Anyway, I bet you’ll know a lot more about the spacethan you ever knew before.Jenny: Mm, I quite envy you going there. Somehow, I find it quite hard to believe that people will one day live out in the space.Victoria: Oh, I don’t. I’ll give it a try if I have the chance. Now, what’s next? Oh, yes, day six. Circus world.Jenny: Circus world. That sounds fun. I love going to the circus.Victoria: So do I. It states here, circus world, see, take parts, enjoy. I wonder what “take parts”involves.Jenny: You’ll soon find out.Victoria: And day seven, we come home. Just as well, I’ll be broke by then.Jenny: I suppose you’ve been saving up for ages for this holiday.Victoria: Well, I did think of putting in some extra hours at work, but the money wasn’t really worth it after tax, and it would have meant I didn’t get home until late. Dad offered to lend me some money but I know he really needs it himself. In the end, I went to see my bank manager. He was terribly nice, so here I am, all booked up and ready to go.11．Victoria has eventually decided to go on a______A．fly-drive holidayB．car-tripC．two-city holidayD．conducted tour正确答案：D12．At the Epcot Centre Victoria will______.A．see aquatic displaysB．visit a large funfairC．visit a technological-advanced cityD．visit a film studio正确答案：C13．When she visits the Kennedy Space Centre, Victoria will be able to______.A．send messages to satellitesB．learn something new about the spaceC．go aboard a spacecraftD．operate Mission Control正确答案：B14．In order to go on this holiday, Victoria ultimately had to______.A．overdraw an accountB．borrow from her parentsC．work overtimeD．spend her savings正确答案：A15．From the conversation, we get the impression that Victoria is______.A．pragmaticB．extrovertC．wilfulD．calculating正确答案：BSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Nearly 900,000 U.S. children were neglected or abused in 2002 and 1,400 died as a result, the U.S. Health and Human Services (HHS) department reported on Thursday. Although there has been an improvement in the situation over the previous decade, HHS Secretary Tommy Thompson said in a statement, “The abuse of children remains a national tragedy that demands our commitment and action”. Surgeon General Dr. Richard Carmona announced he would create a working group to focus attention on the problem and find ways to tackle it. Statistics gathered by the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System showed child protective service agencies received 2.6 million reports of possible maltreatment in 2002. Of these, 896,000 were substantiated and most involved neglect. HHS said the rate of child neglect and abuse in 2002 was about 20 percent lower than the rate in 1993, when maltreatment peaked at an estimated 15.3 out of every 1,000 children. The rate is now 12.3 out of every 1,000 children.16．What is the speaker’s attitude towards child neglect and abuse in the U.S.?A．Concerned.B．Indifferent.C．Optimistic.D．Pessimistic.正确答案：A17．According to a survey conducted by the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System in the year of 2002, ______cases of child maltreatment were confirmed.A．890,000B．2.6 millionC．900,000D．1,400正确答案：A听力原文：Insurgents and rebellious Shiites mounted a string of attacks across Iraq’s Shiite south and U.S. Marines launched a major assault on the turbulentSunni city of Fallujah on Tuesday. Up to a dozen Marines, two more coalition soldiers and at least 66 Iraqis were reported killed. Troops were battling in a half-dozen cities on two fronts in some of the most extensive fighting since President Bush declared major combat over on May 1. U.S. forces fought insurgents in Sunni triangle cities of Fallujah and Ramadi west of Baghdad, and coalition troops battled Shiite militiamen of radical cleric Muqta-da al-Sadr in the south. “America has shown its evil intentions, and the proud Iraqi people cannot accept it”, al-Sadr said in a statement. “They must defend their rights by any means they see fit”. U.S. authorities launched their offensive against al-Sadr and his militia after a series of weekend uprisings in Baghdad and cities and towns to the south that took a heavy toll in both American and Iraqi lives. The fight against al-Sadr, who has drawn backing from young and impoverished Shiites with rousing sermons demanding a U.S. withdrawal, sent his black-garbed militiamen against coalition troops Sunday, Monday and Tuesday. The U.S.-led coalition announced a murder warrant against al-Sadr on Monday and suggested it would move to capture him soon. It said an unnamed Iraqi judge had issued it in the past months.18．How many people died in the recent conflict between Iraqi people and the U. S. -led coalition troops?A．Two.B．Twelve.C．Sixty-six.D．Eighty.正确答案：D19．Radical cleric Muqtada al-Sadr got support mainly from______.A．the young and poor peopleB．insurgents and rebellious ShiitesC．people living in Sunni triangleD．supporters of Saddam regime正确答案：A20．______signed the warrant to murder al-Sadr.A．U.S. authoritiesB．An Iraqi judgeC．U.S. Defense MinisterD．Coalition troops正确答案：BPART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You shoulddecide on the best choice.The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident—the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant) if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.21．The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that______.A．it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB．they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC．it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD．the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes正确答案：D解析：细节题。
专业英语八级模拟试卷及答案解析(12)
上一题下一题
(27~31/共22题)PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)
Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
第17题
16．
A.Scientific facts and principles are too dull to attract students.
B.There is little connection between science and daily life.
C.The content of the science teaching is too old.
B.It is a professional scientific journal for students.
C.The students can work as editors and journalists.
D.It aims to increase people´s interest in science.
第20题
19．
A.Four.
B.Three.
C.Two.
D.One.
第21题
20．
A.Students can generate interest for science.
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷150含答案和解析
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷150讲座会话听力大题型(1)So Roger Chillingworth—a deformed old figure, with a face that haunted men's memories longer than they liked—took leave of Hester Prynne, and went stooping away along the earth. He gathered here and there an herb, or grubbed up a root, and put it into the basket on his arm. His grey beard almost touched the ground, as he crept onward. Hester gazed after him a little while, looking with a half fantastic curiosity to see whether the tender grass of early spring would not be blighted beneath him, and show the wavering track of his footsteps, sere and brown, across its cheerful verdure. She wondered what sort of herbs they were, which the old man was so sedulous to gather. Would not the earth, quickened to by the sympathy of his eye, greet him with poisonous shrubs, of species hitherto unknown, that would start up under his fingers? Or might it suffice him, that every wholesome growth should be converted into something deleterious and malignant at his touch? Did the sun, which shone so brightly everywhere else, really fall upon him? Or was there, as it rather seemed, a circle of ominous shadow moving along with his deformity, whichever way he turned himself? And whitherwas he now going? Would he not suddenly sink into the earth, leaving a barren and blasted spot, where, in due course of time, would be seen deadly nightshade(颠茄), dogwood(山茱萸), henbane(天仙子), and whatever else of vegetable wickedness the climate could produce, all flourishing with hideous luxuriance? Or would he spread bat's wings and flee away, looking so much the uglier, the higher he rose towards heaven?(2)\1.According to Para. 1, people are most impressed by ChilUngworth’s______.(A)A. spiritB. figureC. ageD. appearance解析：推断题。
专业英语八级模拟试卷845(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷845(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE USAGE 4. TRANSLATION 5. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：How to Approach Discursive Writing? Good morning, everyone. Last class we discussed that it is possible to combine a process and product driven approach to writing. Today we will argue how to approach discursive writing. There are six stages which should be paid attention to in the process of writing. Since writing is primarily about organizing information and communicating meaning, generating ideas is clearly going to be a crucial part of the writing process. Getting started, as much for people writing in their own language as for those writing in a foreign language, is one of the most difficult and inhibiting phases of the writing process. Idea generating is a key in facilitating the transition from thought to paper. A brainstorming activity is an effective way of getting ideas flowing. Therefore, let’s come to see the first stage—brainstorming. Brainstorming consists of group discussion. Everyone would discuss an idea, the answer to or reasons for a problem. Fox example, in a lesson I taught previously I asked students to brainstorm the reasons why people take drugs.(1)Brainstorming involves thinking quickly and without inhibition, which can ultimately lead to an interesting piece of writing.(2)I would remain in the background during this phase, only supplying the language support when you need it, so as not to inhibit you in the production of the ideas.(3)Evaluating ideas during brainstorming can be intimidating, and can have a negative effect, limiting the creativity the process is designed to promote. The relevance and practicality of the ideas produced during brainstorming can be assessed more objectively in the next stage, which is encouraging you to extend your ideas into a mind map, or spidergram.(4)It is in this stage that you can judge the quality and usefulness of your ideas.(5)A mind map or spidergram is also an organized display of information, which can be more easily converted into a draft. Such graphics also make the hierarchical relationship of ideas more easily obvious, which will help you with the structure of your texts. OK, now we will review what we did learn in my previous lesson before discussing the third stage. I argued that it is possible to combine a process and product driven approach to writing. The above steps mentioned here have focused on the varied classroom activities which promote thedevelopment of language use. It is these discussion stages, so important in helping you to decide what you want to say, that I believe to be of great importance from the “ process driven approach”. It is after these discussion stages, and the organization of ideas in note form, that I tend to introduce a model text. The reading of a model text, so important in a product driven approach to writing, is not so as to subjugate your ideas to your organization, but so as to make you aware that there is a particular way to express your ideas. In this way you are given the form in order to enable you to adapt it to carry your own meaning. Ellis found evidence to suggest that “focusing learners’attention on forms and the meanings they realize in the context of communicative activities, results in successful language learning. “(6)In the model text, on the one hand, we should focus on coherence, which refers to the logical development of ideas within a text and it is an important subskill for you to be aware of.(7)I can highlight this in various ways, by focusing on the topic and function of each paragraph for example, or by examining how you have chosen to order your arguments. This focus will hopefully show you that if you are to convey your message successfully, you will have to make your text “reader friendly”. On the other hand, we should also pay attention to model text cohesion, which refers to the grammatical and lexical connections between individual clauses. The grammatical links can be classified under three broad types: (8)(1)Referents such as pronouns, the article “the” , demonstratives and so on: (2)Ellipsis which refers to leaving out of words or phrases where they are unnecessary: (9)(3)Conjunction which refers to a word which joins phrases or clauses together. (10)Pronouns, whether subject, object, possessive, relative, or reflexive, are often underused or misused while performing a writing task, resulting in either confusion as to the referent or tedious repetition of a noun. One way of raising awareness of the key function that pronouns play within a text is to circle all the pronouns, then use arrows to connect them to their referents. This shows that pronouns can be found by looking back or forwards in the text. There are many other activities that can be used to focus on cohesion. For example, replacing a sentence which is missing from each paragraph, or replacing the first sentence of each paragraph, matching clauses which have been separated or gapping conjunctions which you must replace from a selection. After raising your awareness of the grammatical and stylistic devices employed in the model text, you should begin to organize your mind maps into a linear format, i. e. , the text structure of the model text.(11)This provides you with an opportunity to further sift and/or logically connect your ideas, to focus them on the precise function of each paragraph, which will help to clarify your writing.(12)We will also have to discuss the overall structure, i. e. , the order in which to relay your information, depending on the impact you wish to have on the reader. All of the above activities work best if carried out in groups as groupings make the tasks livelier and more enjoyable.(13)Moreover, if you can work together, assisting each other, then the atmosphere of the writing class may be less intimidating, and perhaps you will not be afraid of the complexity of writing tasks. The next stage involves you in writing the first draft of your texts with a partner. This pair work will help you see that writing really is co-operative, a relationship between writer and reader.(14)Usually, the writer has to imagine a reader, but co-operativewriting provides you with a reader and makes the task more realistic and interactive.(15)OK, let’s talk about the last stage: correction and reading. The first draft could be corrected in a number of ways, depending on your aims. I could code-correct, or simply underline errors, then help you to reformulate your first drafts with the aid of the model text. Once the final drafts are written, you should then exchange your compositions so that you become readers of each other’s work. This gives your texts a communicative purpose, as well as developing an awareness of the fact that you are always producing something to be read by someone else, rather than for the display of writing alone. So, now it’s much easier to approach discursive writing, isn’t it? We know that learning to write coherently, in a way suitable to one’s purpose and one’s audience is clearly a very difficult task. However, writing is a valuable skill, one which is worth all the classroom time and more spent on it. Therefore, I present writing as a stimulating process, and engage you in the act of creating a text, then help you to improve the effectiveness of your writing. I hope these suggestions provide you with enough hints. Thank you for listening.How to Approach Discursive Writing? How to improve the effectiveness of students’ writing? There are six stages which should be paid attention to in the process of discursive writing.I. Brainstorming—features: think fast and with no【T1】______【T1】______—teachers’ role: 【T2】______【T2】______—evaluating ideas: intimidating and having a【T3】______effect【T3】______II. Assessing ideas —assess the【T4】______and usefulness【T4】______-【T5】______【T5】______—establish a structure III. Focusing on coherence and cohesion1. coherence—【T6】______of ideas【T6】______—emphasizing the topic and【T7】______【T7】______—examing the order2. cohesion—grammatical and lexical connections —classification of the grammatical links—【T8】______: pronouns and demonstratives 【T8】______—ellipsis-【T9】______【T9】______—example: —results of misusing pronouns: confusion and【T10】______【T10】______IV. Organizing ideas—organize a linear format—emphasize the【T11】______of each paragraph【T11】______—discuss the【T12】______【T12】______—work in groups to avoid the【T13】______atmosphere【T13】______V. Writing—co-operative writing between writer and reader—advantages: make the task more realistic and【T14】______【T14】______VI.【T15】______and reading【T15】______—reformulate the first draft: code-correction or underlining errors—exchange compositions after writing the final draft 1．【T1】正确答案：inhibition2．【T2】正确答案：supporters3．【T3】正确答案：negative4．【T4】正确答案：quality5．【T5】正确答案：organize graphics 6．【T6】正确答案：the logical development 7．【T7】正确答案：function8．【T8】正确答案：referents9．【T9】正确答案：conjunction10．【T10】正确答案：repetition11．【T11】正确答案：precise function 12．【T12】正确答案：overall structure 13．【T13】正确答案：intimidating14．【T14】正确答案：interactive15．【T15】正确答案：CorrectionSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A] , [B] , [C] and [D] , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.听力原文：M: Raghda Shaheen, who works for the Dubai International Finance Centre, recently completed a four-week business and legal fellowship program at Wharton and the University of Pennsylvania Law School. Shaheen will spend the next three months working at the Chicago Chamber of Commerce before returning. She spoke with Knowledge@ Wharton about her experiences in Gaza City, Canada, the U. S. and the Middle East. Raghda, thanks for joining us.W: Thank you for having me.M: Can you start off by telling us a little bit about yourself? Where were you born, educated and where have you worked so far?W: Sure.(1-1)I am an Arabic girl, born in Kuwait to Palestinian parents. So I am Palestinian. I lived in Kuwait for seven years and then moved to Palestine.(1-2)I grew up in Gaza City, and moved to Toronto, Canada, in 2001.I received a bachelor’s degree in engineering. I worked there for a couple of years and then moved to Dubai in 2008 and that’s where I live right now.M: What are you doing there?W: (2)I’m a business and process consultant at Dubai International Financial Centre.M: Why did you decide to come to the program at Wharton and Penn Law?W: I always find exchange programs are fascinating because it’s my opportunity to break some stereotypes.M: What kinds of stereotypes are you talking about?W: (3)On both sides. I’m talking about the stereotypes of both Americans and Arabs regarding business behaviors, the people, the culture...M: So what would you think is a typical American image of an Arab woman and how is that image right or wrong? W: (4-1)They still have the image that Arab women may not be educated, that they’re suppressed, that they can’t work, that they don’t speak, that they are not cosmopolitan. So I try with my fellows here to break that stereotype.(4-2)We tell them that Arabs in general, not just women, usually speak two languages at a minimum. We speak English as a second language in my country. M: Is it unusual for Arab women who are educated and have work experience like you to come to the States and take courses here and bring that knowledge back to home countries? W: (5)I would say it depends. It depends on the family and it depends on the occasion. It depends on the family level of education and the country, the culture and the tradition.This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based onwhat you have just heard.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Shaheen?2. What is Raghda Shaheen’s occupation?3. What can we learn about Shaheen’s life experience?4. Which of the following is NOT the image of Arab women in Americans’ eyes?5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?16．A．She was born in Palestine.B．She grew up in Gaza City.C．She is living in Toronto now.D．She received a bachelor’s degree in marketing.正确答案：B17．A．She is a lawyer.B．She is a teacher.C．She is a business and process consultant.D．She is an engineer.正确答案：C18．A．She doesn’t travel a lot since she was a child.B．She attended an exchange program in Chicago Chamber of Commerce.C．She worked in Dubai before moving to Canada.D．As an Arabic girl, she experiences much cultural difference.正确答案：D19．A．They receive little education.B．They have no rights.C．They all stay at home as housewives.D．They usually speak two languages.正确答案：D20．A．Americans don’t like Arab women.B．English is a second language for many Arabs.C．Most Arab women have chances to get educated and work overseas.D．Different Arab countries have different education levels.正确答案：C听力原文：Now, listen to Part Two of the interview.M: In Gaza City, would you consider yourself one of the more educated, more experienced women in terms of business background and career? W: I wouldn’t say the most educated because the education level in Gaza is very high.(6)But I would say I’m one of the luckiest to have this exposure to opportunities out there in the world, because of the unfortunate political situation. Some of the people in Gaza are lucky to be alive... M: Is this your first trip to the United States? W: No.M: When were you here before? W: I’ve been here a couple of times before. I have a sister here who lives in Boston and is chief of radiology at Harvard Medical School.(7)And I’ve visited Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey during my previous job through Siemens Canada. So I received some training courses here. M: You are now taking both business and law courses. Is that correct? W: Yes. We have taken a couple of law classes.M: How can you relate that course to your personal experience in the workplace as a woman? W: (8)It was about being proud to be a woman and not surrendering or giving up because you’re a woman. You don’t need to work harder than your colleagues just to prove a point...to prove that you’re capable and qualified. I think that’s a fantastic observation. M: How old are you? W: I’m 25. M: (9-1)Do you feel that women in your generation are having a very different experience from women who are 45 or 50? W: (9-2)I believe that’s true everywhere in the world. Even here, the current generation is different from their parents. M: You’ve probably come from a very supportive family as well. Is that correct? Your parents have been supportive so you don’t face any disapproval about what you’re doing or where you’re going or anything like that. W: Of course. All the way.M: Is it fairly common for young professionals to live with their parents? W: Yes.I guess the Arabic culture is like most of the Eastern cultures. They are very much family-oriented. It’s not very common for girls to move out of their family houses, even guys, until they get married. M: So what are your plans now for the next few years?(10-1)You’re going to Chicago? W: (10-2)For three months.M: What will you be doing there?W: (10-3)I heard that I’ll be working in green initiatives, which I’m very excited about because that’s what my graduation project here at Wharton is about. And I’ll be working on the submission for the Olympics 2016. M: Thank you for joining us and good luck in Chicago. W: Thank you. It was my pleasure.This is the end of Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on what you have just heard.6. What is Shaheen’s attitude towards herself to be one of the more educated and more experienced women?7. Which of the following places has Shaheen NOT been to?8. How does Shaheen feel about her experience in the workplace as a woman?9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Arab families?10. Which of the following is INCORRECT about Shaheen’s future plans?21．A．Lucky and satisfied.B．Indifferent and unconcerned.C．Neutral and impartial.D．Dissatisfied and ungratified.正确答案：A22．A．Pennsylvania.B．New York.C．California.D．New Jersey.正确答案：C23．A．Sometimes she has to surrender or give up because of her gender.B．She works harder than her colleagues to prove her capability.C．She does not feel much difference.D．She is very proud of being a woman and she always sticks to her principle.正确答案：D24．A．The younger generation has a quite different life experience from their parents.B．The family culture in Arab is similar to that in the West.C．In Arab, young boys will move out of family as soon as possible.D．The Arabs are not very family-oriented.正确答案：A25．A．She will stay in Chicago for three months.B．She’ll be working in green initiatives.C．She’ll finish her graduation project at Wharton.D．She’ll do some work for the Olympics 2016.正确答案：CPART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.When the American psychologist Wayne Oates died in 1999, The New York Times began his obituary by noting two facts. First, the man had authored an astonishing 57 books. Second—and presumably not coincidentally—he had coinedthe word workaholic. Oates invented the now-ubiquitous term in a 1968 essay, in which he confessed that his own addiction to industriousness had been a disorder similar to substance abuse. Of course, he acknowledged, workaholism is much more socially respectable than drinking a fifth a day—more the sort of personality trait that might help someone, say, earn an obit in the paper of record. What, precisely, qualifies someone as a workaholic? There’s still no single accepted medical definition. But psychologists have tried to distinguish people merely devoted to their careers from the true addicts. A seminal 1992 paper on how to measure the condition argued that sufferers work not only compulsively but also with little enjoyment. Newer diagnostic tests attempt to single out those who, among other behaviors, binge and then suffer from withdrawal—just as someone would with, say, a gambling or cocaine habit. Even as the precise outlines of workaholism remain a bit fuzzy, various studies have tried to identify its physical and emotional effects. At the risk of carrying on like a Pfizer ad: research has associated it with sleep problems, weight gain, high blood pressure, anxiety, and depression. That’s to say nothing of its toll on family members. Perhaps unsurprisingly, spouses of workaholics tend to report unhappiness with their marriages. Having a workaholic parent is hardly better. A study of college undergraduates found that children of workaholics scored 72 percent higher on measures of depression than children of alcoholics. They also exhibited more-severe levels of “parentification”—a term family therapists use for sons and daughters who, as the paper put it, “are parents to their own parents and sacrifice their own needs...to accommodate and care for the emotional needs and pursuits of parents or another family member”. How many people are true workaholics? One recent estimate suggests that about 10 percent of U. S. adults might qualify: the proportion is as high as 23 percent among lawyers, doctors, and psychologists. Still more people may be inclined to call themselves workaholics, whether or not they actually are: in 1998, 27 percent of Canadians told the country’s General Social Survey that they were workaholics, including 38 percent of those with incomes over $80,000.(Even among those with no income, 22 percent called themselves workaholics! Presumably some were busy homemakers and students.) The condition may well have a certain social cachet: as the psychologist Bryan Robinson once put it, work addiction might be “the best-dressed mental health problem” of them all. In one of the rare economic studies on the subject, researchers found that the educated and affluent were much more likely than lower-income Americans to put off retirement, a possible sign of workaholism in action. Such delayed retirement certainly gives new meaning to the phrase “worked to death”. For what it’s worth, the concept would not raise many eyebrows in Japan, where grueling job hours have long been a norm, and there’s a word for death by overwork—karoshi. The country’s courts have even recognized it as a basis for wrongful-death suits.26．All of the following statements about Wayne Oates are true EXCEPT that______.A．he thought workaholism was not socially respectableB．he had written 57 booksC．he brought the term workaholic to the worldD．he admitted his own addiction to work正确答案：A解析：事实细节题。
专业英语八级模拟试卷820(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷820(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：How to Ensure Survival in the College Dorm Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. This is Shah J. Chaudhry from the College Admission. Congratulations on becoming a member of this famous college. College life is colorful. However, I have to say that it can be hard as well. Problems can arise from almost all parts of your college life. Life in the college dorm in particular, and on the rest of the campus in general, is something which will expose you to a variety of situations and emotions. That’s where you need some advice to help build up your own techniques to deal with the problems. [1] Although there is a certain degree of anxiousness and stress involved, the years spent in the dorm room will eventually become one of the most enjoyable and memorable periods of your life. Although a certain degree of anxiety is natural, it has been observed that a large number of college-bound students are damn scared of life in the college dorm! Overwhelming seniors and scary rumors and legends related to the “initiation”don’t help things much. [2] To put it simply: there’s nothing to be scared about. Like all new and unknown things in life, moving into the dorm will bring with it problems, anxieties and frustrations, but everything will turn out just fine in a few days. [3] Look at the bright side of it. You are going to meet new people and some of them will be your good friends. You are going to learn different local cultures through the people sharing the dorm with you. And you are going to improve your communication skills. Believe it or not, but the years spent in the college dorm will eventually be remembered as the most memorable and enjoyable period of your life. [4] In order to help you adjust well into dorm life, let’s discuss a few simple steps which will ensure your survival and successful adjustment into the college dorm. Shape up Everyone in the world has a certain way of doing things. Similarly, every student coming to college has certain tastes, preferences, routines and habits. [5] Now that you are sharing the environment with people other than your family members, you have to evaluate your life style. The fact that your mom tolerated your dirty habits and poor social skills does not mean that the rest of the dorm will too. Make Friends andSocialize The best way to quickly adjust yourself into the dorm environment is by making friends. [6] It’s always easier to go through unfamiliar and inconvenient situations if you have a group of friends and colleagues with whom you can relate to.[7] In fact, it’s widely accepted that the dorm environment (studying, eating, playing, sleeping and living together) gives you the opportunity to make friends closer than any you’ve had before. It’s not uncommon for a person’s “best” friends to be those with whom he or she spent several years with in the college dorm back in the “good old days”. To tell you the truth, the people I hang out most frequently now are friends I made at college. Tolerate and Co-exist Many people like to compare life in the college dorm with living as part of one big over-sized family. Usually you get along, sometimes you fight, but at the end of the day you all love each other! Ok, I confess, maybe the above statement isn’t completely true. [8] When you go to college you’ll invariably come across a couple of people (just a couple, never more!) who are just mean, idiotic jerks. When such a situation arises (and trust me it will), you’ll just have to learn to tolerate each other and co-exist without setting fire to each other’ s rooms. Remember just now I said that you can improve communication skills? Here is the chance. Try your best to communicate with people who are hard to get along with. Learn to Share This is probably the most important part of life in the college dorm. You’ll have to live with people whom you initially don’t know and will have to share dorm rooms, bathrooms, dinner tables, telephone lines, TVs, water coolers —everything! [9] Generally, close friends end up sharing everything from books to beds to clothes to shoes. But you’ll also have to lend your personal belongings (a bar of soap, a book, a tube of toothpaste or even some money) to those people in the dorm who are not “close friends”but just “friends”. Why? Simply because if you don’t, then there’ll be nobody willing to lend you anything when you are in need. Have Fun I lied earlier when I said that learning to share is the most important. THIS is the most important aspect of dorm life. Well, is there any fun? [10] Think of it: no parents, no restrictions, and best of all, a large number of people your age available to you at all times of the day and night. Although you should remember that your primary objective is to study and receive a good education, it’s perfectly fine to have a lot of fun during your college dorm days. Be responsible and be safe, and have the time of your life!How to Ensure Survival in the College Dorm Life in college dorm can be hard, especially for the first-years. Here Shah J. Chaudhry gives them great tips for successful college dorm life. College students face certain degree of 【B1】______ in their 【B1】______dorms. However, students need not be 【B2】______ about problems 【B2】______and frustrations. They’d better find the bright 【B3】______ of dorm 【B3】______life. The following is the advice as how to 【B4】______ to it. 【B4】______Shape up Everyone has his own way of getting things done. Since students are sharing dorm with each other, it is wise for them toreexamine their 【B5】______ . 【B5】______Make Friends and Socialize Friends will make things 【B6】______ for people, so the best way 【B6】______of a quick adjustment is making friends. It is strongly believedthat dorm life provides great 【B7】______ for students to make close 【B7】______friends.Tolerate and Co-exist Students will【B8】______ meet mean people in college. In such 【B8】______case, they must learn to put up with each other and stay in peace. Learn to ShareIt is wise for students to learn to share things with others, notonly the facilities in the dorm, but also some personal 【B9】______ . 【B9】______Have Fun With no parents around, enough freedom, and people ofsimilar 【B10】______ , having fun is the most important part of dorm 【B10】______life, although the major task for students is to study.1．【B1】正确答案：anxiousness and stress解析：本讲座主要给出了处理好寝室生活的一些建议，并分五条列出。
专业英语八级模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：Clocks through Time It was probably around 3,000 years ago that people first began making things to help them measure the passage of time. Having observed that shadows move around trees as the sun moves across the sky, someone drew a circle and put a stick in the center. As the sun passed overhead, he marked even divisions on the circle as the shadow of the stick crossed it. Then people could tell which part of the day it was by noticing which mark on the circle the shadow fell across. These circles were called “sundials.”Later, they were made of stone and metal to last longer. Of course, a sundial did not work at night or on cloudy days. So men kept inventing other ways to keep track of time. One invention was a striped candle. Each stripe took the same amount of time to melt. If each stripe melted in a- bout an hour, about three hours would have passed when three stripes melted. A water clock was another way to tell time. A container had a line with a number beside it for every hour. It also had a tiny hole in the bottom. The contain- er was filled with water that dripped through the hole. When the water level reached the first line, people knew that an hour had passed. Each time the water level fell to another line, one more hour had passed. Candles and water clocks helped people know how much time had gone by. But candles had to be remade, and water clocks had to be refilled. So, after glass blowing was invented, the hourglass came into use. Glass bulbs were joined by a narrow tunnel of glass, and fine, dry sand was placed in the top bulb. The hourglass was easy to use, but it had to be turned over every hour so the sand could flow again. It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. One of the first such clocks was built for a king of France and placed in a tower of the royal palace. The clock did not show minutes or seconds. Usually it did not even show the correct hour! Since there were no planes or trains to catch, however, people were not concerned about knowing the exact time. Gradually, clocks began to be popular. They still did not keep correct time, but they were unusual, and they could be beautifully decorated. One clock was in the shape of a cart with a horse and, driver. One of the wheels was the face of the clock. Watchescame into use as soon as clocks were made small enough to be carried. These did not always tell the correct time, either. They were often put into beautiful watchcases, which were made to look like anything the owner wanted. The pendulum clock was invented in 1657. This was the beginning of the style of clocks we call “grandfather clocks,”which were enclosed in tall wooden boxes. Pendulum clocks showed the hours more exactly than earlier clocks, since the weight on the pendulum could be moved up or down to make the clock go faster or slower. About forty years later, minute and second hands were put on some clocks. Grandfather clocks are very much in demand again today. They are usually very expensive, however, and re- quire more space than other styles of clocks. As people began to go to more places and do more things, they were more interested in knowing the correct time. By 1900, almost every house had a clock, and nearly every well-dressed gentleman wore a watch on a chain tucked in his vest pocket. Today, of course, we have electric clocks that keep giving the right time until they are unplugged or the electrici- ty goes off. Scientists have invented clocks that look like large machines and tell the correct time to a split second. The most modem corporate clocks for home use do not have faces or hands; These clocks are called digital clocks, and they tell the time with a set of numerals which appear in a little window. The seconds are counted off like the tenths of a mile on the odometer of a car. Many electric clocks are combined with radios, which can sometimes be set to turn on automatically. Thus, instead of an alarm ringing in your ear in the morning, you can hear soft music playing when it is time to get up. Some clocks will even start the coffee maker! Although clocks and watches play an important part in people’s lives in industrialized countries, time is still regarded in very different ways in different parts of the world. In the next selection, we will talk about attitudes toward time in different cultures.Clocks through Time It took human being a long time to invent diverse ways for telling time. About3000 years ago people first made a circle with a stick in the center of it to 【1】【1】____._____ the passage of time by noticing various marks on the circle the shadow ofthe stick tell across. Since these kinds of circles that are-called 【2】____ did not work without 【2】____.the sun, men had to find other ways to keep track of time, including a 【3】____. 【3】____.candle on which each stripe took about one hour to melt, a water clock which had aline with a number beside it for every hour and an 【4】____ which followed the 【4】____.invention of glass blowing. The first clock with a face and an hour hand was invented about600 years agofor few people. With the gradually 【5】____ use of clocks, they were beautiful- 【5】____.ly 【6】____, though they could not keep correct time. Scarcely had clocks been 【6】____.made small enough to be carried when watches came into use. As the beginning of the style of “grandfather clocks,” which were enclosed intall wooden boxes, the 【7】____ clock was made in1657 . In1700, there were 【7】____.clocks with minute and second hands. About200 years later, a clock is commonlyused in every house and a watch is almost used by every 【8】____ gentleman. 【8】____. A newly created clock that shows the time exactly is so -called 【9】____ 【9】____.clock. Nowadays such a clock has more and more complicated functions. 【10】_____ asclocks and watches are, time means different things to differ- 【10】____.ent nations.1．【1】正确答案：measure。
专业英语八级(INTERVIEW)强化练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（INTERVIEW）强化练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：Mr. Fitch (M) Mary Jane (W)M: Yes? Come in.W: Excuse me, are you Mr. Fitch? Dr Addlestone’s assistant?M: Hi. Yes. Can I help you?W: Yes, please, if you have time. I’m Mary Jane Turner and I’m signed up for Literature Two-twenty?(1)1 just wanted to get clear on the grading system. I’m still not sure how it works. M: Hi, Mary Jane. Sure. It’s pretty straightforward, really. After each lecture, we prepare a short quiz on that material, and you take it at the beginning of the next lecture period. It only takes about ten minutes and it’s pretty simple—if you’ve taken good notes and studied them a bit beforehand, that is, there are fifteen lectures, so that’s fifteen quizzes. W: And they’re part of our final grade, right?M: Right. One percent each or fifteen percent for all fifteen of them. W: Each one’s only one percent of my grade? That doesn’t seem like much. Missing one or two of them wouldn’t make much difference, would it? M: Not really, no—but the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. They’re not worth much individually because they’re very short and sweet—just to check that you’ve been coming to class, really. (2 - 1) But students who pass all fifteen quizzes earn a five percent, um, bonus for effort.W: Don’t our individual quiz scores count?M: No, sorry. They’re just pass-fail quizzes.W: So, (2-2) pass them all and it’s twenty percent of my final grade?M: That’s right.W: That sounds good.M: And sixty percent are your mid-term and final exams.W: Are they short and sweet, too?M: (laughs) No, I’m afraid not. They’re not like the quizzes. (3) They’re ninety-minute tests and require a good bit of writing in addition to the objective questions. The mid-term covers the first eight lectures, the Founding Fathers to Mark Twain. The final mainly covers World War I to the present, from Lecture Nine on.W: So first-half authors won’t be on the final?M: That’s not what I said. I said it’s MAINLY on the second half of the course. Professor Addlestone will be keeping you honest with a few questions about American literature before the first World War, too.W: I see. And they’re thirty-thirty?M: Yes, thirty percent for the mid-term, thirty percent for the final, and up to twenty percent for the weekly quizzes. And then up to ten percent for each of your essays. You’ll need at least ninety percent for an A, eighty percent for a B, and seventy percent for a C.W: Well, I see. Could you tell me something about what is expected with our essays? There’re two of them, right?M: Yes. (4-1) You’re required to write two short critical essays on American authors ofyour choice. from anywhere in American literary history, and we’ll be looking carefully at your writing style and ability as much as at the content of your essays. The Professor’s a real stickler for overall literacy.W: So I can choose any author in the syllabus?M: Yes, (4-2) but I can tell you that we often like it when a student picks an author out of the mainstream—perhaps a lesser writer that we haven’t been able to include in the lectures. or a contemporary author who hasn’t found a place in literary history yet.W: Someone really obscure?M: Not a good idea. (4-3) The author you choose should have some relevance to the course of American literature. And if you can demonstrate that relevance clearly in four to five typewritten pages, then you’ll have a good essay. W: For each essay? Ooh. M: This is a university, Mary Jane, not a high school. Now, you’ve got almost four months to write eight to ten pages. You should be able to manage that. W: Yes, OK. You’re right. When are they due? M: Your first essay’s due in late October. It must be handed in by Lecture Eight, but we’d be happy to see it anytime before that. And the second is due at the last lecture in December. It must be turned in before the winter break. W: Oh—should the first essay be about somebody in the first halfs material then, and the same for the second? M: No, not at all. Any author you like. It would be smart to choose ones that interest you, though. Papers that reflect some enthusiasm always turn out better. W: (5) Oh, I’ve got that I I’m really looking forward to this course—I love reading!M: That’s good, because you’ll be doing a lot of that. W: Thanks for your help, Mr. Fitch—I really appreciate it. M: And don’t be shy if you have any more concerns, Mary Jane. My door’s always open. Goodbye.1．What is the woman’s main purpose to see the man?A．To get information about the literature lectures.B．To make clear how the grading system works.C．To inquire how she prepares for the quizzes.D．To find out about the American authors to be taught.正确答案：B解析：根据句(1)可知，Mary来见Mr．Fitch是要弄清楚该课程的评分体系，因此[B]为答案。
专业英语八级模拟试卷334(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷334(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：How Interpreters Work Good morning. Today I’d like to give you a brief introduction to an interpreter’s work. Generally speaking, an interpreter has to fulfill three stages during his work: the understanding of the speaker’s original message, the memorization of a speech and the re-expression of the same content in another language, with the help of some notes the interpreter writes down upon hearing the original message. The first stage is the understanding. The understanding we refer to here is not of words but of ideas, since an interpreter has to convey concepts. But what happens if an interpreter doesn’t know one word or an expression that he or she hears in a speech? First of all we can underline that an interpreter can understand a speaker’s meaning without actually understanding every single word and expression used. There are other occasions, however, where a word is too important to be left out. ff the interpreter does not know a key word, there can be problems. But after hearing the whole speech, he or she should be able to deduce the meaning of it from the context, given the numbers of clues they have. Moreover, interpreters cannot be expected to be encyclopaedic dictionaries, and they must accept that there are times when they do not know a word or an idiomatic expression. In a situation of direct contact with the delegates, the interpreter must admit his or her ignorance and, if necessary, clarify the question with the delegates. On the other hand, the interpreter does not have the right to guess at meanings in order to hide a normally possible, even if embarrassing, situation. Furthermore, in order to understand meaning without knowing all the lexical items, and to be able to deduce from context, interpreters must in any case have a thorough knowledge of their working languages in order to understand the ideas of a speech, an interpreter needs to get familiar with different kinds of texts. They can present logical arguments showing both points of view on a question before arriving at a synthetic conclusion,they can be a sequence of logical deductions leading to an obvious conclusion according to the speaker’s point of view, and they may simply be descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation. What follows is the identification of the main ideas. In order to understanda message, an interpreter has to identify the main ideas and give them their proper relevance in the interpretation. And, owing to the intrinsic difficulty of a speech or to the speaker’s speed, he or she might be forced to omit one or more elements of the original. It is clear that if the interpreter doesn’t translate some details, the interpretation will not be perfect but still adequate, whereas, if he or she misses out significant points of the discourse, the result will be a seriously flawed performance. Indeed, interpreters should be capable of providing a summary of a speech, since delegates often don’t want a detailed interpretation but only an exhaustive and precise summary of what has been said. What’s going on next in understanding phase is the analysis of links of the main ideas. A speech is not only a sequence of ideas, but also a series of ideas related to one another in a particular way. Ideas may be linked by logical consequences, logical causes, put together without cause-effect relations, and may also be expressed by a series of opposing concepts. The second stage of interpreting is the memorization of a speech. The objective is to create a telegraphic version of the discourse, and to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections. We have different means to remember a speech. One possibility is that of internally visualizing the content of a speech and creating images in one’s mind. Specifically speaking, an interpreter needs to concentrate on ideas, not on single words,connect the main ideas to a series of numbers, and then concentrate on the links among the main ideas so as to reproduce the structure of the speech as a kind of skeleton. The third stage of interpreting is re-expression. After understanding, analyzing and memorizing, interpreters have to re-express the speech they have just heard. It must be clear that they are not required to give an academically perfect translation. Their role is to make sure the speaker is understood by the audience so real interpreters have to continue to work on their working languages, including their mother tongue, with the aim of keeping them rich, lively, effective and up-to-date. Therefore, they must be informed about the latest national or international events with the purpose of learning new terminology and also of grabbing the spirit of the era we’re living in. To this end, it is possible to suggest the following advice: First, constantly enrich one’s general vocabulary and style, through regular reading of a broad range of well-written publications in all working languages; Second, follow the press in one’s native language too, which is of particular importance for interpreters living abroad; Third,watch television, see movies, go to the theatre and listen to songs in their original language. To sum up, it’s tree that an interpreter’s work involves only three basic processes, i.e., understanding, memorization and re-expression. ‘Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication. In order to communicate well, interpreters have to “make their own speech”based on the speeches they interpret, and their speech must be faithful to the original and as accurate as possible in the above three processes.They should take advantage of all the possible resources available in their working languages in order to reach an effective, clear and elegant level of performance.How Interpreters Work? Ⅰ. Understanding A. About words and expressions —【1】______ words may be left out: 【1】______ —If not knowing a key word or expression,a)admit or clarify the question if necessary, with thedelegates.b)deduce from 【2】______ 【2】______ B. About ideas/concepts —【3】______ of different kinds of texts that 【3】______a)present logical argumentsb)present a sequence of 【4】______ 【4】______c)are descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation —identification of the main ideas —analysis of ideas linked by 【5】______ 【5】______ Ⅱ. Memorization of a speech A. Objective —to create a telegraphic version of the discourse —to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections B. Means of memorization —concentrating on the ideas —connecting main ideas to a series of 【6】______ 【6】______ —focusing on the links among the main ideas Ⅲ. 【7】______ of the content in another language 【7】______ A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech. B. Suggestions: —enriching one’s general vocabulary and style —following the press in one’s native language —watching TV, see movies, etc. in the 【8】______ language 【8】______ Ⅳ. Conclusion A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication: —”make their own speech”【9】______ the speeches they interpret 【9】______ —be faithful to the original speech —as accurate as possible B. Interpreters should take advantage of all the possible 【10】______ available in their working languages. 【10】______1．【1】正确答案：Unimportant/Less important解析：讲座介绍口译工作的第一步理解阶段时，提到“a word is too important to be left out”，由此可推断，可以忽略的应是不重要的词语，故答案为Unimportant 或Less important。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷246(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷246(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A] , [B] , [C] and [D] , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.听力原文：M: I’m Will Arditti, and (1) this week we’re going to talk about what students coming to study in the US can do to avoid culture shock in the classroom. We have invited Susan Iannuzzi. She’s an international consultant in English language teaching from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Hi, Susan. Welcome.W: Thanks.M: So tell me what you did about it.W: Well, actually, one of the things that we did at the University of Pittsburgh was that we used the sports equivalence, which, you know, is not something we came up with. It’s the three conversational styles of, say, bowling, rugby and basketball. So, for example, (2) the bowling style. That would be considered something perhaps highly considerate, which means that people from those countries would use a style where they would take turns and they would hold back if they’re a junior person and allow the older person or the more senior person to speak first. And then when they are asked for their opinion they would jump in.M: Just like you would take turns in a bowling game.W: Exactly. You go and roll and I’ll wait for you, and now it’s my turn, and everybody knows that there are going to be turns.M: So that’s the high-considerate model.W: Yes. Then there’s the rugby style, which might be the other end. And this is high-involvement. (3) And in this style you’re expected to interrupt other people and the other people are fine with that—they expect to be interrupted. So there’s a sort of rapid changing of topics, changing of speakers and overlapping of speeches. (4) This is a style that’s common in southern Europe, in African cultures, in cultures of Latin America, many voices happening at one time. It’s also a style in Russia and Greece.M: And then the basketball model?W: (5) Well, the basketball model is a little bit closer to what we have here. So think about it as if you’re playing basketball. You’re carrying out the conversation. You’re just going along. And when you hesitate, other people see that as an opportunity to jump in and steal the ball, to steal the conversation away. Not in a bad way, just as “Oh, it’s my turn now. “This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.1. What is the interview mainly about?2. In what kind of conversation style do people take turns to give opinions?3. What are you likely to do when you are engaged in a rugby-style conversation?4. Which of thefollowing does NOT often use the rugby style of conversation?5. According to Susan Iannuzzi, what may be the conversation style in the US?1．A．What to encounter in the US.B．How to play sports in the US.C．How to avoid psychological shock.D．How to handle cultural differences.正确答案：D解析：根据句(1)可知，本次采访的内容是到美国学习的学生怎样避免课堂上的文化冲击，因此答案为[D]。
专业英语八级模拟试卷350(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级模拟试卷350(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：Alan Turing and Computer Science Today, our life and study have been closely connected with computers. We really can not imagine what will happen without the help of computers. So this evening I will devote a hour or so talking about the science of computer and one of its most important inventors Alan Turing. If all Alan Turing had done was answer, in the negative, a vexing question in the arcane realm of mathematical logic, few nonspecialists today would have any reason to remember him. But the method Turing used to show that certain propositions in a closed logical system cannot be proved within that system-a corollary to the proof that made Kurt G6del famous-had enormous consequences in the world at large. For what this eccentric young Cambridge don did was to dream up an imaginary machine a fairly simple typewriter-like contraption capable somehow of scanning, or reading, instructions encoded on a tape of theoretically infinite length. As the scanner moved from one square of the tape to the next-responding to the sequential commands and modifying its mechanical response if so ordered-the output of such a process, Turing demonstrated, could replicate logical human thought. The device in this inspired mind-experiment quickly acquired a name: the Turing machine. And so did another of Turing’s insights. Since the instructions on the tape governed the behavior of the machine, by changing those instructions, one could induce the machine to perform the functions of all such machines. In other words, depending on the tape it scanned, the same machine could calculate numbers or play chess or do anything else of a comparable nature. Hence his device acquired a new and even grander name: the Universal Turing Machine. Does this concept-a fairly rudimentary assemblage of hardware performing prodigious and multifaceted tasks according to the dictates of the instructions fed to it-sound familiar? It certainly didn’t in 1937, when Turing’s seminal paper, “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungs problem”, appeared in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. Turing’s thoughts were recognized by the few readers capable of understanding them as theoretically interesting, even provocative. But no onerecognized that Turing’s machine provided a blueprint for what would eventually become the electronic digital computer. So many ideas and technological advances converged to create the modern computer that it is foolhardy to give one person the credit for inventing it. But the fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine. Turing’s 1937 paper changed the direction of his life and embroiled a shy and vulnerable man ever more directly in the affairs of the world outside, ultimately with tragic consequences. Alan Mathison Turing was born in London in 1912, the second of his parents’ two sons. His father was a member of the British civil service in India, an environment that his mother considered unsuitable for her boys. So John and Alan Turing spent their childhood in foster households in England, separated from their parents except for occasional visits back home. Alan’s loneliness dining this period may have inspired his lifelong interest in the operations of the human mind, how it can create a world when the world it is given proves barren or unsatisfactory. At 13 he enrolled at the Sherbourne School in Dorset and there showed a flair for mathematics, even if his papers were criticized for being “dirty,” i.e. messy. Turing recognized his homosexuality while at Sherbourne and fell in love, albeit undeclared, with another boy at the school, who suddenly died of bovine tuberculosis. This loss shattered Turing’s religious faith and led him into atheism and the conviction that all phenomena must have materialistic explanations. There was no soul in the machine nor any mind behind a brain. But how, then, did thought and consciousness arise? After twice failing to win a fellowship at the University of Cambridge’s Trinity College, a lodestar at the time for mathematicians from around the world Turing received a fellowship from King’s College, Cambridge. King’s, under the guidance of such luminaries as John Maynard Keynes and E. M. Forster, provided a remarkably free and tolerant environment for Turing, who thrived there even though he was not considered quite elegant enough to be initiated into King’s inner circles. When he completed his degree requirements, Turing was invited to remain at King’s as a tutor. And there he might happily have stayed, pottering about with problems in mathematical logic, had not his invention of the Turing machine and World War II intervened. Turing, on the basis of his published work, was recruited to serve in the Government Code and Cypher School, located in a Victorian mansion called Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire. The task of all those so assembled-mathematicians, chess champions, Egyptologists, whoever might have something to contribute about the possible permutations of formal systems-was to break the Enigma codes used by the Nazis in communications between headquarters and troops. Because of secrecy restrictions, Turing’s role in this enterprise was not acknowledged until long after his death. And like the invention of the computer, the work done by the Bletchley Park crew was very much a team effort. But it is now known that Turing played a crucial role in designing a primitive, computer-like machine that could decipher at high speed Nazi codes to U-boats in the North Atlantic. After the war, Turing returned to Cambridge, hoping to pick up the quiet academic life he had intended. But the newly created mathematics division of the British National Physical Laboratory offered him the opportunity to create an actual Turingmachine, the ACE or Automatic Computing Engine, and Turing, accepted. What he discovered, unfortunately, was that the emergency spirit that had short-circuited so many problems at Bletchley Park during the war had dissipated. Bureaucracy, red tape, and interminable’delays once again were the order of the day. Finding most of his suggestions dismissed, ignored or overruled, Turing eventually left the NPI. for another stay at Cambridge and then accepted an offer from the University of Manchester where another computer was being constructed along the lines he had suggested back in 1937. Since his original paper, Turing had considerably broadened his thoughts on thinking machines. He now proposed the idea that a machine could learn from and thus modify its own instructions. In a famous 1950 article in the British philosophical journal Mind, Turing proposed what he called an “imitation test,”later called the “Turing test.”Imagine an interrogator in a closed room hooked up in some manner with two subjects, one human and the other a computer. If the questioner cannot determine by the responses to queries posed to them which is the human and which is the computer, then the computer can be said to be “thinking”as well as the human. Turing remains a hero to proponents of artificial intelligence in part because of his blithe assumption of a rosy future: “One day ladies will take their computers for walks in the park and tell each other, “My little computer said such a funny thing this morning!”Unfortunately, reality caught up with Turing well before his vision would, if ever, be realized. In Manchester, he told police investigating a robbery at his house that he was having “an affair” with a man who was probably known to the burglar. Always frank about his sexual orientation, Turing this time got himself into real trouble. Homosexual relations were still a felony in Britain, and Turing was tried and convicted of “gross indecency” in 1952. He was spared prison But subjected to injections of female hormones intended to dampen his lust. “I’m growing breasts !” Turing told a friend. On June 7, 1954, he committed suicide by eating an apple laced with cyanide. He was 41.Alan Turing and Computer science Computer plays very important role in today’s world, which is the result of many researchers’ efforts. The following is one of them. I. The process: 1) Inventor: Turing, an eccentric young【1】. 【1】______ 2) Function: A. Capable of scanning, or reading instructions encoded on a tape of theoretically【2】length. 【2】______ B. responding to the sequential【3】and modifying its mechanical response 【3】______if so ordered-the output of such a process, Turing demonstrated, could replicate logical human thought. 3) The different names of the device: A. The device in this【4】mind-experiment quickly acquired a name: the Turing machine.【4】______ B. Depending on the tape it scanned, the machine could【5】numbers or play chess or 【5】______do anything else of a comparable nature. Hence his device acquired a new and even grander name: the【6】Turing Machine. 【6】______ II. Turing’s research paper relating to the device 1) Turing’s thoughts were recognized by the few readers capable of understanding them as theoretically interesting, even provocative. 2) But no one recognized that Turing’s machine provided a【7】for what would 【7】______eventually become the electronic【8】computer. 【8】______ III. Comment: 1) Everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening aspreadsheet or a word-processing【9】,【9】______is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine. 2) Turing remains a hero to proponents of【10】intelligence. 【10】______1．【1】正确答案：Cambridge2．【2】正确答案：infinite3．【3】正确答案：commands4．【4】正确答案：inspired5．【5】正确答案：calculate6．【6】正确答案：Universal7．【7】正确答案：blueprint8．【8】正确答案：digital9．【9】正确答案：program10．【10】正确答案：artificialSECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：Mr. W.: Good morning, Mr. Pitt. Do sit down.Mr. Pitt: Thank you.Mr. W.: First of all, Mr. Pitt, I’d like you to tell me a bit about what you’ve been doing.Mr. P.: Well, I left school after I’d done my A-levels.Mr. W.: Ah, yes, A-levels. What subjects did you take?Mr. P.: I took four subjects: French, German, chemistry and, uh, art. Chemistry wasn’t my cup of tea but art has always been.Mr. W.: Art?Mr. P.: Well, I really wanted to study Art. It didn’t turn out like that because a friend of my father’s offered me a job--he’s an accountant in London. A quite big firm, you know.Mr. W.: I see. A firm of accountants. Interesting! In your application, you say that you only spent nine months with this firm of accountants. Why was that?Mr. R: It was nearly a year actually. Well, to be quite honest, I didn’t like it. I just couldn’t seem to get interested in the job although there were fairly good prospects. So I got a place at the Art College to do a three-year diploma course.Mr. W.: I see. Now, Mr. Pitt, what about hobbies and interests? Uh, what do you do in your spare time?Mr. P.: I like jazz, traditional and folk music. I don’t play, of course, but I go to quite a lot of concerts, and I go to the theatre occasionally and act a bit myself. I’m in the local dramatic society. I read quite a lot and I’ve done a bit of photography. Also, I’ve travelled a lot-hitchhiked all over Europe--last year, that was.Mr. W.: Very interesting, Mr. Pitt. I think that’s all I wanted to ask about your background. Now, let’s talk about the management trainee scheme. What exactly do you think a manager does?Mr. R: I don’t know a great deal about the work.Mr W.: But have you got any ideas about it? You must have thought about it.Mr. R: Well, er, I suppose he has a lot of, er, what is called, policy-making to do. And, mm, he’d have to know how to work with people and all about the company.Mr. W.: Mmm.Mr. R: Yes, I, I, er, should think a manager must know, er, something about all the aspects of the work.Mr. W.: Yes, that’s right. We like our executive staff to undergo a thorough training. Young men on our trainee scheme have to work through every branch in the company.Mr. P.: Oh?Mr. W.: And one of them is accountancy. Presumably you wouldn’t like that.Mr. P.: Well, if I had to do it, I suppose. But I was thinking that my French and German would mean that I could specialise in overseas work. I’d like to be some sort of an export salesman and travel abroad.Mr. W.: You know the glamour of travelling abroad disappears when you’ve got a hard job of work to do. It not all fun and game.Mr. P.: Oh, yes, I realise that. It’s just that my knowledge of languages would be useful.Mr. W.: Now, Mr. Pitt, is there anything you want to ask me?Mr. P.: Well, there’s one or two things. I’d like to know if I’d have to sign a contract and what the salary and prospects are.Mr. W.: With our scheme, Mr. Pitt, there is no contract involved. Your progress is kept under constant review. If we, at any time, decide we don’t like you, then that’s that! We reserve the right to dismiss you.Mr. P.: I see.Mr. W.: Of course, you have the samechoice about us.Mr. P.: Fair enough. And what about the salary?Mr. W.: As for the salary, you’d be on our fixed scale starting at 870 pounds. For the successful trainee, the prospects are very good.Mr. P.: I see. Thank you very much.Mr. W.: That’s all, Mr. Pitt. You should hear from us in a couple of weeks, one way or the other, or we may ask you to come back for another chat. Thank you.Mr. P.: Goodbye, Mr. Williams.11．What subject is Mr. Pitt good at?A．Art.B．French.C．German.D．Chemistry.正确答案：A12．What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time?A．Doing a bit of acting and photography.B．Going to concerts frequently.C．Playing traditional jazz and folk music.D．Travelling in Europe by hitch-hiking.正确答案：C13．When asked what a manager’s role is, Mr. Pitt sounds ______.A．confidentB．hesitantC．resoluteD．doubtful正确答案：B14．What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be?A．An export salesman working overseas.B．An accountant working in the company.C．A production manager in a branch.D．A policy maker in the company.正确答案：A15．Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE?A．Trainees are required to sign contracts initially.B．Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary.C．Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds.D．Trainees cannot quit the management scheme.正确答案：CSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Saudi forces clashed with suspected militants in the capital Riyadh on Sunday and there were reports of casualties, security officials said. The clashes in al-Rawdah district, an upscale neighborhood in eastern Riyadh, erupted after security forces raided an area where suspected militants were thought to be hiding, Interior Ministry spokesman Brig, Mansour al-Turki said. “Some of those militants were on the recently issued list of 36 suspected terrorists,” he said. He said there were reports of at least one militant killed.16．According to the news, these militants______.A．suffered severe casualtiesB．were on the recently issued list of terroristsC．fought with Saudi police forcesD．were thought to be hiding in al-Rawdah district正确答案：D听力原文： A 14-year-old American girl was stabbed and killed in a quiet seaside village on the island of Tobago, police said Saturday. Kitty Nichole Pete was killed late Friday night in the apartment she had been sharing with her mother in Charlotteville, a village on the northeastern tip of Tobago, said police inspector Glen Sharpe. Police were searching for a 22-year-old local man whom the landlord saw leaving the apartment with a knife. The landlord told police he went to the apartment after hearing screams and found Pete’s body on the floor. She had been stabbed in the eye and stomach. Police said they believe the girl had been dating the 22-year-old man. The girl’s mother, Heather Pete, was not in the apartment at the time of the attack. Police could not immediately provide the girl’s hometown or say how long she and her mother had been in Tobago. While homicides and kidnappings have been rising in Trinidad, violent crime is rare in its smaller sister island of Tobago. Pete was the fifth homicide victim on the island of 55,000 people this year. There have been more than 140 homicides in Trinidad, population 1.2 million.17．Which statement is NOT true ?A．The girl was living with her mother.B．The landlady witnessed the crime.C．The girl and the suspect probably were dating.D．The girl was found dead on the floor.正确答案：D18．We can learn from the news that______.A．police provided detail in formations about the girlB．Tobago has a population of 1.2 millionC．homicide increased in TobagoD．Tobago is generally a peaceful island正确答案：D听力原文： A New Mexico church plans to burn Harry Potter books because they are “an abomination to God,” the church pastor said on Wednesday. Pastor Jack Brock said he would have a “holy bonfire” on Sunday at the Christ Community Church in Alamogordo in southern New Mexico to torch books about the fictional teen-age wizard who is wildly popular with young people. “These books encourage our youth to learn more about witches, warlocks, and sorcerers, and those things are an abomination to God and to me,”Brock, 74, told Reuters. “Harry Potter books are going to destroy the lives of many young people.”The books, written by British author J.K. Rowling, have been runaway bestsellers and a movie, “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone,”is currently a blockbuster hit. Brock, who said his Christmas Eve sermon was titled “The Baby Jesus or Harry Potter,”described the book burning as part of an effort .to encourage Christians to remove everything from their homes that prevents them from communicating with God. The books have come under fire in a few U. S communities for supposedly encouraging devilish thoughts among the young, but Rowling in an earlier statement issued by her publisher Bloomsbury called the criticisms absurd. “I have met thousands of children now, and not even one time has a child come up to me and said, ‘Ms. Rowling, I’m so glad I’ve read these books because now I want to be a witch’, “she said.19．The reasons why the church wanted to burn Harry Potter books didn’t include that ______.A．it believed that the books were an abhorrence to GodB．it believed that the books would weaken the communication with GodC．it believed that the existence of God had been confused by the bookD．it believed that the books would ruin the lives of many young people正确答案：C20．Which statement is not true?A．The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New Mexico.B．Young people are fascinated with Harry Potter.C．Christian churches hate Harry Potter.D．Pastor Jack Brock planned to burn the Harry Potter books on Sunday.正确答案：CPART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Back in 1985, Viktor Cherkashin was a senior KGB officer at the Soviet Embassy in Washington. In the shadowy world of espionage, he had a good professional reputation--a spy’s spy. So when Robert Hanssen decided to switch sides, he sent a letter to Cherkashin offering to work for the Russians. “I would not have contacted you,” Hanssen wrote, “if it were not reported that you were held in esteem within your organization.”Today, Cherkashin, 69, is a prosperous Moscow businessman. He owns a big house in the suburbs and drives a light blue 1986 Chevrolet, a trophy car in the streets of Moscow. “I’ve been on my pension now for 10 years,” he said when NEWSWEEK contacted him by phone last week. “I’m in the private-security business.”Cherkashin didn’t want to discuss the Hanssen case. “I don’t like to talk about other people’s affairs,”said the former spymaster. He wasn’t alone; no one in the Kremlin wanted to talk publicly about the exposure of Hanssen either. But that doesn’t mean the Russians are bashful about spying on America. President Vladimir Putin, himself a former colonel in the now defunct KGB, has revived the fortunes of Russian intelligence agencies. Oleg Gordievsky, a KGB officer who defected to Britain in 1985, estimates that the number of Russian spies now in the United States has reached “a record figure--more than 300”. in Putin-style espionage, ideology is out, and so are most acts of subversion aimed at the United States. What Russia needs now is information: military, technological and economic. Putin wants quick growth for Russia’s defense industry, sensing lucrative markets overseas. But he has written that it would take as many as 15 years for Russia to catch up with even the poorest countries in the West. “Scientific institutes won’t be able to do it; it costs a lot of money,”says Jolanta Darczewska, a Polish expert on Russia’s intelligence establishment. “It’s better to steal--cheaper and faster.”Like many other Russian agents in the United States, Hanssen apparently was mothballed by the Kremlin after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. His masters feared he might be exposed by a security breach in Moscow, and they were getting information of more immediate value from their mole in the CIA, Aldrich Ames, anyway. The intelligence agencies began a comeback under Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov, another former spymaster. Then, a few weeks after Putin became Boris Yeltsin’sprime minister in 1999, Hanssen was “reactivated”. With espionage picking up again, his counterintelligence know-how may have given Moscow a map of America’s defenses against spies. Putin purports not to care about Washington’s reaction to Russian spying. “During the Yeltsin years, they had instructions to avoid any scandals that would spoil relations with the West,”says Gordievsky. “What Putin told [his foreign-intelligence agency] was, ‘Don’t worry. I’m not afraid of scandals’.”What Putin may be worried about, however, is moles in his own security service. Some of the information revealed in the FBI affidavit last week has touched off a wave of concern in Moscow. The Russians fear it could only have been obtained from a source within Russian intelligence, and that has led officials to suspect U.S. infiltration into the SVR. “If you look at the affidavit, they have documents from the archive of the SVR, said Oleg Kalugin, the former KGB general who says he brought Cherkashin to Washington. “Some of the references are from 1999.”There were no Russian defectors from that time who could have provided the Americans with the information, officials say. So are Washington and Moscow back to a spy-vs.-spy standoff?. Gordievsky, among others, thinks Russian intelligence may have misread the new Bush administration, predicting it would be more “pragmatic” and easier to work with than the Clinton White House. But so far, Washington has been no pushover. Bush advisers like Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld insist that the United States will go ahead with a national missile defense system, despite Russia’s opposition. Last week Moscow had to back down a bit, stressing its willingness to talk about a missile shield. As Robert Hanssen has learned, intelligence is hardly a sure thing.21．In Putin-style espionage, ______.A．ideology is out, and most acts of subversion are aimed at the United States B．the aim of its ideology is to subvert the United StatesC．ideology and most acts of subversion aimed at the United States are out-dated D．ideology and most acts of subversion aimed at the United States are in the open air正确答案：C解析：在普京式的间谍活动中，______。
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专业英语八级考试全真试卷参考答案听力原文PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKThe World Bank is one of the major channels through which development aid i s passed from industrial west to the poor and developing nations of the world. I ts scale of operations is vast, which is why its lending program exceeds 7 billi on a year, and its work force numbers about 4500. In the last decade important c hanges have taken place in the size of the bank’s operations and in the emphasi s of its lending policies. What immediately strikes anyone looking at the lending figures over the last 10 years is the tremendous expansion in the bank’s loan p rogram. This has increased from 1 billion to nearly 7 billion. The figure includ es hard loans, which are made at the current rate of interest, and soft loans, w hich are allocated to poor countries at concessionary rates, and usually channel led through the bank’s affiliate—the International Development Association.In deciding the emphasis of its lending policy, the bank has had to take i nto account the population explosion which is occuring in many poor countries of the world. It is a fact that the fertility rate of the poor countries is often very high. This is one of the main reasons for these countries remaining poor. U nfortunately, wide-ranging country sectionprograms do not usually reduce this r ate because this was a strong and deeply rooted tradition among people in these countries to have big families. What the bank discovered was that there was a li nk between economic and social development on the one hand, and reduction of fer tility rate on the other. Thus by improving basic health services, by introducin g better nutrition, by increasing literacy, and by promoting more even income di stribution in a poor country, a lower and more acceptable fertility rate will be achieved. This advanced thinking persuaded the bank to change its overall lend ing strategy,(略,内容不完整，给你带来的困扰请见谅．)PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK答案：A【问句译文】世界银行运行系统变大系统的变化指的是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】解答本题的关键句是“What immediately strikes anyone looking at the len ding figures over the last 10 years is the tremendous expansion in the bank’s lo an program.”由此可知，选项A为正确答案。
答案：C【问句译文】是什么使得银行改变其借贷政策？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】录音在提及银行借贷政策的改变时说“Thus byimproving basic health servi ces, by introducing better nutrition, by increasing literacy, and by promoting m ore even income distribution in a poor country, a lower and more acceptable fert ility rate will be achieved. This advancing thinking persuaded the bank to chang e its overall lending strategy．”这里提到了一些改变贫穷国家现状的措施，由“a lower and more acceptable”可知，从根本上促使政策改革的原因应为选项C。
答案：Ｄ【问句译文】银行借贷政策重点的变化意味者银行将会怎样？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】在提到投资对象时，谈话者说“Many of its maj or capital investment had s carcely touched the lives of urban and rural poor, nor have they created much em ployment.”因此银行决定加大对劳动密集型活动的援助，故答案选D。
答案：D【问句译文】下列哪一项不是对银行的批评？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】谈话者说“…the bank should begin to think of itself less as a foreign aid agency and more of financial deal-maker,…”即世界银行应该作为财政的决策者，这一点应得到肯定，而不是批评，故选项D为正确答案。
答案：C【问句译文】在整个谈话中，在介绍世界银行时是什么态度？【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】谈话者对世界银行的职能、现状、改进作了客观评论，并未表达出自己的个人感情。
因此选项C“客观的”为正确答案。
SECTION B CONVERSATION6.答案：B【问句译文】男士对什么事实感到吃惊？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】当女士说她在新西兰找了一份在计算机公司做秘书的工作时，男士说“Really? You can do that, can you? I mean it’s possible for anyone to get a job in New Ze aland, without being a New Zealander?”不是新西兰本土人也可以找到一份工作，因此他感到惊奇，故选项B为正确答案。
7.答案：D【问句译文】那位女土喜欢新加坡的主要原因是什么？【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】当男士提出由于新加坡过于的现代化，所以人们觉得它很乏味，接着他问女士的感受。
女士回答说：“And it’s a great big shopping center and I really enjoy it f rom that point of view.”由此可知吸引女士的是购物机遇，故答案选D。
8.答案：B【问句译文】从对话中我们可得知开封和银川留给这位女士的怎样印象？【试题分析】本题为概括题。
【详细解答】对话中提到了开封和银川的地理位置，犹太人的后代，古老的宝塔，归纳起来便是历史情趣吸引了她，答案选B。
9.答案：C【问句译文】下列哪一项最能形容女士对西藏的感受？【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】当男士问到她游历过的最有趣的地方时，女士回答说“I think actually Tibet is the most fascinating and exciting. I’ve never been a nywhere so different.” ，由此可知，选项C“狂喜”最能体现她的感受。
10.答案：A【问句译文】根据谈话内容，是什么使得她暂停了旅行？【试题分析】本题为概括题。
【详细解答】在谈到准备暂停旅行时，女士说“You get pretty sick, wearing the same cl othes, and washing them in the different hotels. I never stay in the same place for longer than two days.”穿着同样的衣服，在不同的旅馆里去洗它们使她感到厌烦，在同一个地方呆的时间从没有超过两天，由此可推知：她想停下居无定所的生活，故答案选A。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 111.答案：C【问句译文】泰森为何于去年八月被关入监狱？【试题分析】本题为主旨题。
【详细解答】新闻中提到“…for an assault in the wake of trafficacciden t last Augu st.”由此可知，泰森是因为在一次交通事故中动手打人而被捕入狱。
12.答案：A【问句译文】泰森在什么日期前得不到拳击比赛的许可证？【试题分析】本题为细节题。