(2021年整理)英语构词法讲解及专项练习

英语构词法讲解及专项练习
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构词法Word Formation
在英语中,词的构成方式主要有三种:合成、转化和派生。

一、合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起. 2。

用连字符（—）连接。

3. 由两个分开的词构成.
(1) 合成形容词
(2)合成动词
（3）合成名词
（4)合成副词however， maybe， wherever, whenever, forever
(5)合成代词whoever，， whatever， everyone， nobody， myself， something，anything,
二、派生 Derivation 前缀
后缀
注意： -ese, —ian, —ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词.
-er 构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。

三、转化 Conversion：指一个词不变化词形,而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几
种词类。

1。

名词和动词之间的转化
telephone电话——打电话， mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝--饮料，record录音——记录, name， date, hand， study，
2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的-—使完善
3.名词转化为形容词（副词) front前面——前面的
4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的-—首领
语法填空之构词法专项练习
1。

The soldier died for saving the child，so his________(die) is heavier than Mount Tai.
2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________（long).
3. How________ （fool） he is！
4。

The black people were against slavery and fought for their ________(free）bravely。

5. What you said sounded________(reason） but in fact it was untrue。

6.One thing you should do is to _____(large） your vocabulary.
7。

________ （honest）speaking，I didn't do it on purpose.
8.Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from_____ （legal) drugs.
9.
As he tried to read a map, he drove off the road into a river ____ __ (luck）
10。

Thunder and lightning happen ______________ (simultaneous）。

11.The weather was good except for an _________ （occasion） shower。

12. The big earthquake made thousands of people ________（home）.
13。

I’m very careful not to give out my ________ (person） information。

14。

To his______(puzzle), his son was ___（happy) hammering dents(凹痕) into the shiny paint of the truck。

15。

While your IQ tells you how ______ （intelligence) you are, ……
16. Diet and exercise are __________(equal） important.
17. I felt a great sense of ___________(achieve）when I reached the top of the mountain.
18。

The police successfully arrested Richard Matt ， who was one of the country’s most wanted __________（crime）。

19. My _________（suggest） is that we should always have a notebook within easy reach.
英语构词法讲解及专项练习
20。

The police were interviewing the 30 museum __________（employ）
21。

The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying _______。

（noise)
22。

The boy had the _______ of being half starved。

（appear）
23。

Please give me some reference work. It will ______ my task。

（simple) 24。

It snowed _____ last night and now the streets are covered w ith snow。

（heavy)
25. Edison was a great ______。

During his life he had many _____ _. (invent）
26。

More and more _____ have come to visit China over these year s。

(foreign)
27. We want _________ reasons for your failure to help。

(satisfy）
28. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _______。

（operate）
29。

The teacher was pleased with her _______. （honest）
30. The police have _______ a plot against the President. （cover)
11。