【5A文】2006年考研英语(一)新题型重要词汇汇总
考研英语阅读中的50个重要词汇,附例题讲解
考研英语阅读中的50个重要词汇，附例题讲解英语单词的背诵重要性是众所周知的，相信很多小伙伴都已经坚持了很久，并且还将继续坚持下去。
在这里小编整理了考研英语阅读的50个重要词汇，希望可以帮到大家~1. authority 权威，当局Mexican authorities noticed a large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.墨西哥当局注意到，在成年人中有大量人住院。
One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.一位权威人士说道，这些极其强大的精神事件不但可以约束，还可以有意识地进行控制。
2. equivalent 等价物The digital credential would be a voluntary trusted identity system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card.该数字证书可以成为一个自愿受信身份系统，从而成为物理密钥、指纹以及身份证的高科技等价物。
3. alternative 替代物They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse andconsider eating at home a realistic alternative.他们更愿意握紧自己的钱包，把在家吃饭作为一种现实的替代。
4. substitute 代替物Devoted concertgoers reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance.忠诚的音乐会爱好者回答道，唱片并不能`1代替现场表演。
考研词汇(1)
❖ 无法识别出单词中字母组合与词义的联 系，更难以形成稳定的记忆。
本课程的目标
❖quack （鸭子） 呱呱叫；江湖郎中； 庸医
❖pregnant 怀孕的
特点四 ：趣味性
❖attitude ❖boom ❖consequence
特点五 ：“普遍联系”和 “永恒发展”
can did ate
能干又能吃的人是候选人
demonstrate
demon st r ate
魔鬼上大街吃人，证明自己的存在
特点三 ：科学性
记忆遗忘规律
❖ 大多数遗忘出现在学习后一个小时之内； ❖ 遗忘的速度不是恒定的，而是先快后慢，
最后逐渐稳定下来； ❖ 重新学习要比第一次学习容易。
传统词汇记忆方法的弊端
古代英语时期
❖ 时间——公元450年-1150年； ❖ 事件——公元449年，朱特人（Jutes）入侵
不列颠岛； ❖ 意义——标志着盎格鲁·撒克逊民族（Anglo-
Saxons）对原住民凯尔特民族（Celts）的 征服。
❖England = Engla-land ( land of the Angles)
❖count 源自法语 ❖compute 源自拉丁语
❖ sure
源自法语
❖secure 源自拉丁语
借词的作用
扩大了英语的词汇，使英语丰富、 典雅。 例如：democracy
democracy
❖英语单词系来源于法语 démocratie ❖ 法语单词又来源于拉丁语democratia ❖ 其实，该拉丁语是源自希腊语
征服英国； ❖ 意义——法语成为英国的官方语言，大量法
语词汇融入英语，例如:apron，beef。
考研翻译英语一词汇纯英文版
19年46) nonsense，press，generate，scare，dietary，enthusiasm热情；48) tendency，incorporate；assessment；49) associate，favour；50) ensure18年46) witness，religious，drama，incentive，tragedy，comedy；47) ignorant48) prosper，permanent，ambition49) alliance17年46) fade，foreseeable47) global，position，stable48)curriculum，fluency49) sector16年46) heal，mend47) temporarily，restore，instant15年46) wilderness，destiny，48) interplay，sheer，49) territory50) virgin，14年46) articulate47) by all accounts，by one’s own account，let alone，48) intensity，abruptly，sudden，soft，passage，rarely，composer，compose,49) associate，50) suffer, inevitable, render；13年46) strike，for all，style，urge，decoration，47) sacred，crude，as opposed to，shelter，48) in effect，urban，discernible，discern，49) blame，50) implicit，explicit，reference，synthetic；12年46) impulse，unification，generative，generate，47) constrain，constraint，48) filter，cognitive，49) empirical, bias，50) track；11年46) erroneous，error，47) sustain，illusion，conscious，48) justification，justify，rationalization，exploitation, bottom，49) circumstance，50) upside，contain，be up to，array；10年46) rescue，to the effect that，failed to，47) intrinsic，regardless of，presence，absence，48) creature，species，49) ecologically，as such，50) eliminate, element，commercial；09年46) institution，original，motive47) by-product，directive，factor48) ignore，ignorance，contact，disposition，49) cannot help，secure，50) tuition；08年46) believe, assert, claim, argue, assume, maintain, contend, point out, be convinced that, accept, prove, demonstrate, validate, state, scribe, tell, show, consider, opine, difficulty, difficult, compensate, compensate for, advantage, advantageous, advance, force, strength, power, thus, therefore, hence, enable, detect, detector, error, mistake, false, flaw, shortcoming, reason, reasoned, reasoning, reasonable, observe, observation, observer;47) follow, pure, purely, abstract, concrete, limit, confine, certain;48) as well, as well as, found, charge, change, critics, criticize, critical, criticism, while;49) add, addition, in addition, additional, tradition, traditional, humble, humbly, perhaps, possible, possibly, probable, probably, superior, superior to, super, inferior, inferior to, common, ordinary, banal, notice, note, attention, escape, carefully, careful, care, take care of;50) loss, lose (lost), at a loss, take a loss, injurious, injure, injury, intellect, intellectual, intelligence, wisdom, moral, virtue, virtually, virtual, character, characterize, characteristic;07年46) legal, law, preserve, conserve, institution, constitution, view, view…as, regard…as, take…as, see…as, special, specialize, specific, especial, especially; peculiar, peculiar to, particular, particularly, rather than, necessary, essential, essence, critical, significant, significance, equipment,equip, facility;47) link, connect, connection, on the other, on the other hand, on the one hand, concept, notion, real, reality, in a way, in a manner, in a form, parallel, parallel to, journal, journalist, base, basic, basis, comment, comment on, cover;48) idea, profound, profoundly, far-reaching, citizen, rest on/upon, rely on, depend on/upon, responsible, responsibility, be held responsible for, response, media, news media, news agency, establish, established, establishment, convention;49) grasp, have a grasp of, command, have a good command of, feature, competent, competition, competitive, compete,50) reaction, react, action, in action, interaction, enhance, promotion, promote, preferable, prefer, infer, confer, favor, flavor, favorite, judge, judgment, make judgments of;06年46) define, definition, define…as…, select, elect, individual, active, activity, primary, duty, thinking, thought;47) analogous, analogous to, analyze, analysis, function, obligation, be obliged to do sth., be obliged to sb., obligate, be obligated to do sth., clear, course, cause, lead to, reveal, decision, decisive, decide;48) exclude, exclusive, include, conclude, conclusion, contribute, contribution, contribute to, make contribution to, distribute, distribution, accomplishment, accomplish, complete, solution, solve, resolve, be charged with, approach, aspect, inspect, expect, respect, expect, task;49) code, rule, dedicate, dedicate to, govern, government, energy, conduct, conduction, production, produce, explore, exploration; more than, less than, no more than, no less than, more than +数字, more than +名词/动词, more than +形容词/副词, no more than=no any more than;50) independent, independence, interdependence, reflect, reflection, make reflection on, earn, involve, salary;05年46) television, means, feeling, convey, connect, nation, create, invent, event, recent;47) multi-media, increase, increasingly, bring, publish, in relation to, relation, relate, related to, concern, concerning;48) alone, only, survive, underline, undergo, undertake, undermine, state, statistics, loss, takea loss, at a loss,49) identify, identity, respect, expect, aspect, represent, present, presentation, fabricate, fabric, continent, task, demand, choose, choice, strategic, policy;50) deal with, deal, challenge, scale, on…scale, exaggeration, it is no exaggeration to say…, unite, unity, divide;04年61) structure, instruction, instrument, construction, process, procedure, schedule, real, reality, realize, diversity, diverse, philosophy, philosopher;62) grateful, gratitude, different from, vanish, abolish, assimilate, similar, native, local;63) describe, description, strike, striking, remark, remarkable, accuse, accuse…of…, data, date;64) interested in, relationship, relative, relatively, determine, habit, habitual, though;65) come to, believe in, a sort of, linguistics, physics, psychology, aesthetics, art, fine art, archaeology, anthropology, economy, psychiatry, law, media, cross-culture, mathematics, math,physician, chemistry, humanity, form, formula, formulate, grammar, pattern, produce, consequence, consequently;03年61) furthermore, further, ability, able, enable, inability, modify, change, charge, exchange, environment, deteriorate, subject, reject, refuse, fancy;62) branch, inquire, acquire, require, endeavor, order, disorder, system, passion, seek, scientific, science, phenomenon;63) combine, integrate, integration, perspective, unique, distinct, distinctly;64) complex, complicated, sophisticated, include, conclude, exclude, conclusion, custom, consume, consumer. Simple, simplicity, implicit, explicit;65) make…possible, research;02年61) almost, behavior, trait, trace;62) explain, explanation, explanatory, item, hard, remain, obscure;63) evolution, revolution, innovation, invention, invest, investigation, recognize;64) possess, possession, govern, government, theory, essential, credit, achieve, achievement, conduct, conduction;65) until, till, issue,01年71) chat, host, hold, pollution, containment;72) personality, personnel, personal, relax, relaxation, recreation, digital;73) breakthrough, break out, breakout, out-break, outset, take place, discover;74) ultimate, terminate, termination, century, millennium, decade, thousands of, hundreds of, for the better part of decade, half, quarter, triple, double;75) home, demotic, exotic, apply, apply to, application, appliance, control, operate, operation, cooperation, corporation, company;2000年71) condition, situation, circumstance, situate, vary, varying, various, variety, variety of, expert;72) obvious, ambiguous, be bound up with, bind, efficient, efficiency, industry, agriculture, horticulture, in turn, effort, all kinds;73) owing to, remarkable, mass, communication, community, expose, be exposed to, introduce, for the reason given above;74) pattern, spread, or so;75) stress, migrate, migration, arise from, arise, rise, give rise to, raise,1999年71) while, almost, historian, history, practice, conform, conform to, inform, uniform, attempt;72) valid, validate, validity, discipline, code, rule, intern, extern, quarrel, among;73) transfer, transparent, augment, argument, design, interpret, interpretation, evidence, evident;74) agreement, refer to, in general, generally, generally speaking, largely, appropriate, inappropriate;75) equa l, equally, equate, equate…with, source, resource, activity, animate, animation;1998年71) look into, exist, exit, existence, resident, residence, citizen;72) giant, enormous, virtually, virtual, virtue, put forward, propose, dominant;73) report, finding;74) triumph;75) odd, sound, inflation, inflate, plausible, elementary, primary;1997年71) actually, in fact, account, accountant;72) contract, entitle, title, entitlement;73) discuss, discussion, consider, consideration, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, extend, extend to, treat;74) relevant, extreme, choose, choice;75) encourage, instinct;1996年71) cause, complete, result, result from, result in, to some extent, accelerate;72) trend, detail, in detail;73) support, an amount of, goal, immediate;74) elegant, elegance, in principle, principal, fascinate, delight;75) standard, criterion;1995年71) target, attack, in doing sth., divert, diversion, competent, incompetent, competition, competitive;72) predict, prediction, reliable, skill;73) experiment, experience, avail, available, comparative, compare, contrast;74) quality, precise;75) favorable, favor; youngster, tell;1994年71) not so much…as, as…as, not so…as, through, insight, welfare, health, worth, genius, improve, tool;72) contend, as we call it, number, numerable, innumerable, expand, a series of, direction, direct;73) ignore, careless, fundamental;74) revolve;75) finance, financial, vice versa, etc, et al.。
(完整版)英语常用考研词汇
1、经济贸易类25.基础设施 infrastructure facilities1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of26.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects industries27.投资热点 investment hot spot2.损失企业 loss-making enterprises28.外向型经济 export-oriented economy3.搞活企业 enliven enterprises29.按劳分配 distribute according to the4.加快现代化步伐 quicken the work performancemodernization drive30.打破平均主义 break / abandon5.跨国企业 transnational corporation /equalitarianmultinational corporation31.沿海开放城市 open coastal cities6.乡镇企业 township enterprises32.保税区 bonded zone/ area7.国有企业 state-owned enterprises33.金融改革 banking system8.合资企业 joint ventures34.公民生产总值 Gross National Product9.解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate35.扶贫项目 anti-poverty project productivity36.下海经商 plunge into the private10.中兴国家经济 invigorate our state businesseconomy37.协调发展 coordinate the development11.实行股份制 introduce the shareholding38.住所改革 housing reformsystem39.社会保障系统 social security system12.全面深入改革 deepen reform all round40.数字时代 digital times13.提高经济效益 improve economic results41.信息高速公路 the information14.增进效益 increase economic returns superhighway15.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control42.虚假社区 virtual communitiesand management43.菜“蓝子”工程 the “shopping-basket ”16.经济实力 economic strength project ( the non-staple food project)17.经济转轨 economic transformation44.拳头产品 knock-out products/18.经营体系 operative mechanism competitive products19.整顿经济序次 rectify economic order45.市场冷清 slack market20.引进竞争体系 introduce a competitive46.中国质量万里行 China’s Long March mechanism to Quality campaign21.建立技术密集型企业 set up47.冒牌产品 fake brand-name products technologically-intensive enterprises48.假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality22.招商引资 canvass business and commoditiesintroduce investment49.牟取暴力 reap colossal profits23.房地产 real estate50.提出索赔 lodge a claim24.经济特区 special economic zone51.投诉 lodge complaint52.贸易争端 trade disputes53.乱收费 random charges54.市场疲软 sluggish market55 .贸易顺差favorable trade balance56.贸易逆差 unfavorable trade balance57.实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy58.繁荣市场 flourish the market59.加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO60.最惠国待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment61.花销者协会 consumer’s association62.花销者购买力 consumer purchasing power63.新兴市场 emerging market64.控制花销 control / inhibit consumption65.无形财富 intangible assets66.有形财富 tangible assets67.市场占有率 market share68.严重违约 grave breach of contract69.泡沫经济 bubble economy70.品牌效应 brand effect71.企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises72.贸易壁垒 trade barrier73.人才流失 brain drain74.清理“三角债” break up the debt chain75.企业文化 corporate culture76.商业炒作 commercial speculation77.扩大内需，刺激花销 expand domestic demand and consumption78.拉动经济增添 fuel economic growth79.连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect80.竞争优势 competitive edge81.经济结构调整 economic restructuring82.经济增添点 economic growth point ; growth engine83.经济过热 overheated economy84.经济滑坡 economic downturn85.集约化经营 intensive management86.灰色收入 gray income87.福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system88.分期付款 installment payment89.从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy90.按揭购房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house91.边缘效益 marginal benefit92.不良贷款 non-performing loan93.裁汰冗员 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing94.产品更新换代 upgrade of products95.创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park96.促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy97.家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system98.人才战 competition for talented people99.脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity100.资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources2、政治类101.不正之风 bad / harmful practice102.霸权主义 hegemonism103.奔小康 strive for a better-off life104.论资排辈 assign priority according toseniority105.连续发展 sustainable development106.重复建设 redundant project107.大锅饭 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)108.多极化 multi -polarization109.科学技术是第一世产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force. 110.机构肥胖 overstaffing in organization111.机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining112.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government113.窗口行业 service trade114.核心竞争力 core competitiveness115.减员增效 downsizing of staff andimproving efficiency116.减少农民负担 reduce farmer ’ s burdens; lighten the burden on them117.超越式发展 great-leap-forward development118.跨世纪发展 trans-century project119.民主集中制 democratic centralism120.讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating121.强权外交 power diplomacy122.狼多肉少 overstaffing123.吞并公款 embezzle public funds124.群带关系 networking through petticoat influence125.求同存异seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones 126.滥用权益 abuse one ’ s power; misuse one authority127.勤政建设 build a clean and honest government128.三步走战略 the three-step developmentstrategy129.三讲教育 three emphaseseducation — emphasize theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct130.三峡工程 Three gorges project131.贪污腐化 corruption and degeneration132.思想僵直 fossilized concept133. 西部开发the development of China’ s west134.发展是硬道理 Development is aninvariable truth135. 坚持四项基根源则 uphold the fourcardinal principles136.地方保护主义 regional protectionism137.拜金主义 money worship138.贿赂贿赂 give and take bribery139.走后门 get in by the back door / enter bythe back door140.和平演变 peaceful evolution141.贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law142.以权略私 abusing power for money143.拉关系 try to establish a relationship withsb.144.权钱交易 trading power for money145.扫黄运动 anti-pornography campaign146.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds147.一“国两制”的原则 the principle of“ one country, two systems:”148.两大主题 two principle themes149.坚持一此中国立场stick to one-Chinaposition150’.s 全国人民代表大会 National People ’ s Congress151. 与国际接轨synchronize with the world;accord with international norms173.可连续发展战略 strategy of sustainable 152.社会主义物质文明socialist material developmentwellbeing174.工业园区 industrial park153.社会主义精神文明socialist culture and175.技术密集型产品 technology-intensive ideology product154.实现中华民族伟大中兴 bring about a176.新兴学科 new branch of sciencegreat rejuvenation of the Chinese nation177.边缘学科 frontier science155.左道旁门 unhealthy practices and evil178.高速宽带互联网 high-speed broadband phenomena networks156.温暖工程 adequate food and clothing179.电脑病毒 computer virusesprogram180.电子商务 e-commerce; e-business157.知识产权 intellectual property right181.黑客 hacker158.综合国力 comprehensive national strength182.数字地球 digital globe159.最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a183.局域网 local area networkminimum standard of living184.人工智能 artificial intelligence160.政企分开 separate government functions185.网上冲浪 web-surfingfrom enterprise management186.网络世界 cyber world161.与时俱进 keep pace with the times187.网上犯罪 cyber crime162.闲置人员 idle hand188.信息高速公路 information highland163.养老保险 endowment insurance189.网民 netizen164.以经济建设为中心focus on the central190.虚假现实 virtual realitytask of economic construction191.克隆 cloning165.下岗职工基本生活费subsistence192.基因工程 genetic engineeringallowance for laid-off workers193.转基因食品 genetically modified food 166.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 world outlook,194.“神舟六号”载人飞船 manned spacecraft outlook on life and values Shenzhou VI167.脚扎实地 seek truth from facts195.掌上电脑 palm computer168.试点工程 pilot project196.主页 home page169.政府廉洁高效 clean and efficient197.语音信箱 voice mailgovernment198.网络经济 cyber-economy170.战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership199.网虫 netter; Internet geek3、教育与科学技术类200.网恋 cyber romance; virtual romance 171.科技含量 technology content201.高精尖技术 high-grade, high-precision, 172.科教兴国 rely on science, technology and advanced technologyeducation to rejuvenate the nation202.科技扶贫 support poor areas usingtechnology203.科研攻关 work towards key technological breakthroughs204.自费研究生 self-supporting graduate student205.委托培养 consign the training of personnel to a certain school206.填鸭式授课 cramming method of teaching207.启示式授课 heuristic education208.复合型人才 interdisciplinary talent209.论文争辩 thesis oral defense210.素质教育 quality -oriented education211.教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people212.九年制义务教务教育 nine-year compulsory education213.德智体美劳全面发展all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics andlabor education214.知识产权 intellectual property215.因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude216.硕博连读 a continuous academic program that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 217.双学位 double degree218.双向选择 two-way selection219.人才流失 brain drain220.陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament221.学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 222.学术交流 academic exchanges223.学科带头人 pace-setter in scientific research224.德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability225.攻读硕士学位 study for a doctoral degree 226.文科生 students of liberal arts227.理科生 students of science228.爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 229.择优录取 enroll the excellent students 230.毕业论文 graduation thesis231.毕业设计 graduation project232.义务教育 compulsory education233.高等教育 higher education234.选修课程 optional courses235.主修课程 major courses236.重点学科 key disciplinary areas237.德智体全面发展的学生 students who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically238.教育部 Ministry of Education239.博士生导师 doctoral supervisors240.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 word outlook, outlook on life and values 4、文化社会生活类241.彩票 lottery ticket242.保健食品 health-care food243.暴发户 new rich; upstart244.民工潮 farmer ’ s frenzied hunt for work in cities245.下岗工人 laid-off workers246.人口老龄化 aging/ graying population 247.人口巅峰 baby boom248.人口负增添 negative population growth 249.流动人口 moving population250.收视率 viewing rate251.售后服务 after-sale service252.再就业工程 re-employment project253.自由职业者 free lancer254.性别歧视 sexual discrimination255.性价比 cost performance256.水货 smuggled goods257.水土流失 soil erosion258.文化浸透 cultural infiltration259.跳槽 job-hopping260.抢购 panic buying262.公益广告 public -interest advertisement263.让利 offer discounts264.出国热 craze for going abroad265.社会福利制度 the social welfare system266.享受公费医疗 enjoy public health care267.世界卫生组织 World Health Organization (WHO) 268.夜晚恋 twilight love269.贺岁片 New Year film270.记者招待会 press/ news conference271.卖淫嫖娼 prostitute oneself and visit prostitutes 272.制造假钞 make the false notes273.吸毒者 a drug addict274.销售黄色录像 sell obscene video tapes275.传销 pyramid-selling; multi -level marketing。
考研英语基础词汇
考研英语基础词汇第一部分abide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的abnormal behaviorabolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departureabsolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s stepsaccess 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstancesaccompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purposeaccord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt （使）适应adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends. advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company affirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages. alien 外国的adjust to an alien cultureallege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow 允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealter 改变，更改alter an attitudealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze 使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn. amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection. annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude. annual 每年的，年度的the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，响应Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood. appeal 呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster. appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty? approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson. assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward 授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang （突发的）sudden loud bangbar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailandbore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce 弹起，反弹The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify 证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向...挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm. chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists clutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit. collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.come 来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences comprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends. conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer 商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess one’s crimeconfidence 信任break sb.’s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area. confirm 证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships. confuse 使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland. conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved. consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war. conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noiseconstitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the regioncontract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of governmentcontribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday contrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling coordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。
考研高频词汇(精华整理版)
考研高频词汇(精华整理版)历年考研英语高频词汇(单词精华版) abnormal不正常的absurd荒谬的abundant丰富的acute敏锐的，锋利的，急性的accurate 精确的，准确的adequate 足够的，恰当的，合适的adjacent（to）毗连的，接近的adverse不利的，相反的aerial空中的，航空的aesthetic审美的，有审美能力的agreeable宜人的，同意的aggressive侵略的好斗的，进取的alien外国的，不同性质的ambiguous模棱两可的模糊的ambitious有雄心的有抱负的ample充足的，足够的，广大的analytical 分析的anonymous 匿名的applicable 适用的，合适的apprehensive 不安的，担心的appropriate合适的，恰当的apt敏捷的；适当的；倾向，易于arrogant 傲慢的，自大的authentic可靠的可信的authoritative 有权威的，可信的autonomous 自治的，自主的average 一般的普通的awesome 令人畏惧的aware 意识到的，知道的awkward 尴尬的bald秃头的，不毛的，单调的barren贫瘠的不毛的bizarre 古怪的，奇异的bleak阴冷的，寒冷的；荒凉的；暗淡的blunt 不尖的，钝的；直率的，直言的botanical植物学的bound 一定的brisk 活跃的，活泼的brutal 野蛮的，残忍的cardinal主要的，最基本的carefree 无忧无虑的casual 随意的，随便的catholic 广泛的，普遍的cautious 谨慎的，小心的chronic慢性的cognitive认知的coherent 一致的，连贯的；清晰，易懂的compact紧凑的小巧的commercial 商业的，compassionate 表示同情的competent 有能力的competitive竞争性的，具有竞争力的compact紧凑的，小巧的，简洁的complementary 互补的compulsory强迫的，强制的，义务的concise 简洁的，简明的conclusive 确定的，决定性的confidential机紧的，秘密的conscientious负责的，尽责的conscious意识到的，知道的consecutive 连续不断的，接连而来的consequent 随后发生的，由引起的conservative 保守的，传统的consistent 和…一致conspicuous 显而易见的，引人注目的constituent 组成的，构成的conventional 传统的courteous 有礼貌的cordial热情的，诚恳的corporate 法人的，公司的，全体的，cozy/cosy 舒适的crisp 脆的，有霜气的；干脆的crucial/critical 关键的cumulative 累积的current当前的decent 体面的，像样的，还不错的deceptive 欺骗的,骗人的definitive 最后的，明确的delicate 精细的，微妙的，精心处理的democratic 民主的desirable 理想的，想要的deteriorating 恶化的，变坏的destined 命中注定的destructive 毁灭的detached 超然的，detrimental 有害的digital 数字的divisive 分裂的，不和的disastrous 灾难性的discrete 不连续的，分立的divine 神圣的，神的dominant 占优势的，有支配力的dramatic 戏剧性的，夸张性的drastic 激烈的，猛烈的dreadful 可怕的dubious 怀疑的，可疑的eccentric 怪癖的，古怪的，离心的economic 经济的edible 可食的，无毒的effective 有效果的efficient 有效率的elegant优雅的，优美的，精致的eligible 合格的eloquent 有口才的，善辩的embarrassing 令人尴尬的energetic 精力充沛的equivalent 相等的erroneous 错误的essential 必要的，基本的esthetic审美的eternal永恒的，无休止的evitable 可以避免的excessive 过分的，过度的exclusive独有的，排他的exotic 外来的，奇特的explicit 清楚的exquisite 优美的，精致的；灵敏的，敏锐的extinct 灭绝的，绝种的extensive 广泛的extravagant 浪费的，奢侈的，过分，过度的fabulous 神话中有名的，难以相信的fanciful 奇怪的，不真实的fatal 致命的，毁灭性的feasible 可行的militant 好战的，尚武的merciful 仁慈的，宽大的mobile 活动的，流动的，移动的monetary 货币的muscular 肌肉的mythical 神话般的naive 自然而天真的，质朴的nasty 肮脏的negligible可忽略的，微不足道的nominal 名义上的，名字的，无价值的notable 显著的，著名的notorious臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的numerical 数字的，表示数量的obedient 服从的，顺从的obscure 模糊不清的obscene 淫秽的，肮脏的optimistic 乐观的optional 可供选择的oriental 东方的original 原先的，最早的orthodox 正统的，公认的overt 公然的，公开的overwhelming 势如破竹的，压倒性的passionate 热情的，多情的pathetic悲哀的，悲惨的patriotic 爱国的perpetual 永久的，持久的persistent 坚持不懈的potential 可能的，潜在的poisonous 有毒的predominant卓越的，流行的，显著的prevalent 普遍的，流行的primitive 原始的，早期的productive 有生产力的，多产的proficient 熟练的，精通的profound 深刻的，深远的prominent 突出的，杰出的prompt 即刻的，迅速的prone (to) 易于，倾向于proper 恰当的prosperous 富裕的，繁荣的prudent 谨慎的；小心的qualitative 与性质有关的，定性的queer 奇怪的，古怪的radiant 光辉灿烂的，容光焕发的radical 激进的，根本的random 随意的，无目的的rash 匆忙的，卤莽的，草率的raw 自然状态的，未加工的redundant 过多的，多余的relevant与…有关的reliable 可靠的resistant 有抵抗力的respectable 可尊敬的rewarding值得的rigorous 严格的，严厉的；严酷的righteous 正义的，义愤的rough 粗略的，不精确的savage 野蛮的；凶猛的，残酷的sensitive 敏感的sheer完全的，十足的shrewd精明的simultaneous 同时的skeptical 怀疑的slight 轻微的，小的sound 合理的，健康的stable/steady 稳定的，不断的stationary 固定的strenuous 吃力的，奋发的，奋斗的subordinate 次要的，从属的substantial 巨大的，subtle微妙的，精巧的，细微的sufficient 足够的superficial 肤浅的surgical 外科的supplementary 附加的，补充的susceptible 易动感情的;敏感的;易受…影响的suspicious 怀疑的sustainable 可持续的sympathetic 有同情心的tedious 冗长的，乏味的tentative 试探的thermal 热的，热量的transient 短暂的，片刻的trivial 琐碎的，不重要的turbulent 动荡的，混乱的typical 典型的，有代表性的ultimate 最后的，最终性的unanimous 全体一致的，无异义的underlying 潜在的，根本的universal 普遍的，普通的verbal 言语的，口头的，逐字的versatile 多才多艺的vicious 恶的，恶意的，错误的visible 看的见的vivid 生动的，栩栩如生的vocational 职业的void =invalid 无效的vulnerable 易受伤的，容易受到…影响的watertight 防水的weary 疲倦的，劳累的weird=odd=strange 奇怪的worth 值得的wretched可怜的, 破旧的, 恶劣的, 沮丧的amply 充足的，大量的barely=hardly=scarcely 几乎不deliberately 故意地,深思熟虑地,审慎地explicitly 明确地exclusively 仅仅；唯一implicitly 不清楚地forcibly 强行地，有力地formerly 原先地，以前，从前incidentally 附带地，偶然地increasingly 日益，越来越多地inevitably 必然地，不可避免地intentionally 有意地，故意地invariably 永不变的，恒久的optimistically. 乐观地outwardly 表面上，外表上地practically 实际上；几乎，差不多presumably 大概，可能，据推测quarterly 按季地shabbily 破旧地，褴褛地，卑鄙地shrewdly 精明地，明智地shortly 不久，很快simultaneously 同时发生地somewhat颇为，稍稍，有几分spontaneously 自发地，自然产生地startlingly 惊人地triumphantly(欣喜)胜利地,成功地unexpectedly 意外地virtually 事实上，实际地abundance 丰富，充裕access (to) 入口，通路，接触accessory 附件，附属品accommodation 膳宿；和解，调解，适应acknowledgement 承认，感谢，致谢admiration 欣赏adolescence 青年期adolescent 青年，少年admission 许可，入门费，门票；承认，供认advocate提倡者，拥护者affection 亲爱，爱意aggregate 合计，总数allowance 津贴；考虑，体谅aisle 走廊，通道alloy 合金ambition 野心，雄心ammunition 军火，弹药analogy 相似，比喻，类比anticipation 预期，期望apparatus 仪器，装置；器官appendix 附加物，附录appraisal 估计，估价，评价appreciation 感谢，感激array 陈列，一系列arena 比武场，竞技场，舞台armo(u)r 盔甲，装甲array 阵式，服装；一大批，一系列artery 动脉；干道，主流artillery大炮，炮兵aspiration 愿望，希望；渴望assassination 暗杀，行刺assurance 保证，自信，把握automation 自动化aviation 航空，飞行axis 轴，轴心，政治联盟ballet/ ballot 芭蕾，芭蕾舞剧bankrupt 破产；完全缺乏batch 一批，一捆bearing 举止，态度；关系，方面belly 肚子，腹部bias 偏见，倾向，癖性bishop 主教blunder 错误，大错budget 预算booth 棚子，摊位，亭botany 植物学boycott 联合抵制brace 链，曲柄bracket 托架，类别；分类breach 违犯，破坏，缺口breakdown 坏掉，出毛病；病倒，衰退brink （危险等）边缘brochure 小册子bruise 挫伤；碰伤，淤伤bust 半身像，胸部buzz 嗡嗡声bypass 辅助道路cannon 大炮，火炮canvas 帆布，油画capsule 胶囊caption 标题，题目；说明文字captive 俘虏，被捕获的（动物）capability 能力，才能cash 现金casualty 灾祸；伤亡catastrophe 大灾害，灾祸cathedral 总教堂，大教堂caution 小心；谨慎，警告census 人口统计，人口调查chorus 合唱团，异口同声chunk 一大块，一厚块circulation (书报的)发行量，循环，流通circus 竞技场，马戏团clan 宗族，大家族，氏族clarity 清楚，透明clearance 清除；间隙，空间；结关手续climax 高潮，顶点cluster 团，族，小群coalition 联合，联盟collaboration 合著，合作，勾结，通敌commitment 承诺，许诺commentary 实况报道，注释commonplace 习以为常的事情compartment 隔间，车室competence 称职，能力，权限complication 复杂，困难；并发症compensation 补偿，赔偿complexion 肤色，面色，面貌；形式compliment 恭维，表扬，问候，致意conception 构思，构想；怀孕configuration 形状，外貌，轮廓，排列consideration 考虑constitution 组成，构成；体格，体质；宪法consultant 顾问contempt 轻视，蔑视，鄙视，不尊敬contention 争辩，争论，论点controversy 争论，辩论conversion 转化，改变，转变corpse 尸体counterpart 相对应的人或物；对方courtesy 礼貌，谦恭coverage 新闻报导coward 胆小鬼，懦夫crumble 碎屑，细屑damage 损坏debate 争论，辩论decree 法令，判决default 不负责，不到场，不还债defiance 反抗，不尊重deficit 赤字denial 否认，否定，拒绝给与(正义，权利)descendant 后裔，后代descent 下来，下去；祖先，祖籍；突袭destiny 命运，天命discrepancy 不同，不符合digest 摘要，简编dilemma 窘境，困境distinction 区分，辨别disposition 排列,性情,气质;倾向;支配权,处理权disturbance 搅乱，动乱；不安，骚动diversion 转向，改道；消遣，娱乐；分散doctrine 教条，主义，学说domain 领土，领域；范围dome 圆屋顶drainage 排水，疏水drawback 缺陷，障碍，不利drought 干旱，旱灾edible 可食之物elite 杰出的人才或人物，精华emergency 紧急情况empirical 经验的，全凭实验的encouragement 鼓励enclosure 包围，函中信件essence 本质estimate 估计esteem 尊敬，尊重excerpt 摘录，引述expedition 远征，远征队expenditure 开支expertise 鉴定，评价；知识和技术exposition 解释，说明extinction .灭绝facet 平面，刻面，方面fashion 方式，样子feast 盛宴；赏心悦目的东西feat 技艺；伟绩federation 联邦制，联合会，联盟ferry 渡船fitting 试衣，试穿；固定装置，家具，设备flattery 奉承，阿谀之词fragrance 香味，香气flaw 裂纹，瑕疵fortune 财产，大笔的钱fraction 小部分，一点friction 摩擦，不和，冲突fuse 保险丝，导火线fusion 融合，联合galaxy 星系garment 衣服glacier 冰河glamour 魅力，魔力，诱惑力gossip 闲话，闲谈，随笔，漫谈guarantee 保证，保证书，保修单guilt 犯罪，罪状handicap 障碍，阻碍harassment 烦恼，困苦，侵扰harmony 与…协调一致，和谐heritage 遗产，继承物hierarchy 等级制度hike 徒步旅行hinge 重点，关键，主旨hospitality 友好款待，好客hostage 人质humidity 潮湿，湿度hurricane 飓风hypothesis 假设，假说ideology 思想方式，意识形态idiot 白痴，傻瓜illusion 错觉，假象impetus 动力，推动力，刺激incentive 刺激，动机，鼓励，诱因inertia 迟钝，呆滞；惰性，惯性ingredient 成分inlet 入口insight 理解，洞察力inspection 检查，视察instinct 本能，直觉integrity 正直，诚实intersection 交叉，交叉口intuition 直觉intuition 直觉inventory 详细目录存货，盘存junction 连接，会合，交叉点junk 破烂物，垃圾lace 花边，饰带atitude 纬度,地区;自由,自由的范围layman 外行人，门外汉liability 责任，义务；易于，倾向于likelihood 可能性locality 位置，地方；辨认地方的能力longitude 经度lounge 休息室，休息处lease 租约，契约legislation 立法，法律limitation 局限性，缺点loyalty 忠诚，忠心luxury 奢侈，豪华magistrate 地方官吏/法官magnitude 大小，光度mansion 大厦，官邸manifestation 表现(形式) massacre 大屠杀meadow 草地，牧场mechanism 机械装置，机构，结构方式melody 音律;歌曲,曲调;主调,旋律menace 危险，威胁migrant 移居者，候鸟minority少数；未成年misfortune 不幸，灾难momentum 动量，动力，推动力monopoly 专利权，独占，垄断；专利品morality 道德，美德mortgage 抵押，抵押品notion 概念，观念，理解novelty 新鲜，奇特，新奇物oath 誓约，誓言obligation (法律上或道义上的)责任offset 印刷术offspring 后代，子孙，幼子optimum 最佳，最适宜，最有利orientation 定方向，定方位，朝向outfit 服装，装备，用具occasion 场合opponent 敌人，对手ornament 装饰，装饰品overpass 天桥，路桥，高架桥paradox 反论parasite 寄生虫，食客participation 参加，加入partition 分割，分配，瓜分pastime 消遣，娱乐pasture 草原，牧场patent 专利权patrol 巡逻，巡查；巡逻者patron 赞助人，资助人pattern 模式penalty 制裁，惩罚pension 养老金personality 人格，人性plateau 高地，高原pledge 保证，誓言plight 困境，苦境position位置，职位，职务posture 姿势；状态，情况；心境，态度predecessor 前任，原有的事物premise 前提，假设premium 保险费；报酬，奖金prescription 处方preservation 保护，防护prestige 威信，威望pretext 借口，托辞prey 猎物priority 优先(权)proceeding 进行，举止，行为，处置prophet 先知，鼓吹者，提倡者，预言者proposition 主张；提议；问题，难题prospect 前景，可能性proximity 接近，接近于pursuit 追逐，追求；职业，工作questionnaire 调查表，问卷racket 喧嚣，闹声，繁忙rate 速度ration 比率recession (经济)衰退，不景气；撤退reconciliation 和解，调停，顺从，听从reflection 反映，表现refreshment 爽快，舒心；提神的东西refuge 躲避，避难，避难所refund 退还，退款regime 政体，制度regiment 团，多数，大量rehearsal 演习，排演，详述reign 主权，统治；朝代，王朝rein 缰绳rejoice 欢喜，快乐relay 替换，替班，接力，转播reliance 依靠，信任，信赖relish 吸引力，热心，兴趣remainder 剩余物或人remnant 残余，剩余repression 镇压，抑制，压抑reputation 名声，声望resemblance 相似，类似reservation 贮存，贮藏reservation 预订，保留retention 保持，保留retrospect 回顾，回望revelation 显示，泄露revenue 税收，岁入rival 竞争对手routine 常规，惯例，例行公事rupture 破裂，绝交safeguard 安全设施或措施salvation 拯救，救助savage 野人，野蛮人scent 气味，香味；踪迹，痕迹scene 景色，景象scorn 轻蔑，鄙视scrutiny 细察，详审，核算选票sensation 感觉，激动，轰动sentiment 感情,情绪,情操;伤感;意见,观点setback 阻碍，挫折shortage 短缺，不足smash 打碎，粉碎stability 稳定(性)，稳固stack 堆，一堆standard 标准subsidy 补助金，资助金surface 表面suspension 暂停，延缓，停职，吊销synthesis 综合，合成，合成物temperament 气质，性格tempo 数率，进度，节奏testimony 证言，证词；宣言，陈述threshold 开端，入口tolerance 容忍，忍耐力transaction 处理，办理，交易transition 过渡，转变trend 倾向，趋势turnover 营业额，销售金额variation 变化，变动vegetation 植物，草木vein 心情，心思，意向verdict 裁决，判决；决定，判断versus 相对，对抗vicinity 接近，附近；密切的关系void 空虚，空处warehouse 货仓warfare 作战，交战warrant 根据，权威，委任状abandon 抛弃，放弃accommodate 供给住宿，答应; 适应acknowledge 承认，供认；致谢，打招呼acquaint 熟悉，认识，通晓acquire 获得，得到activate 使活波，激活addict (to) 沉溺于，嗜好adhere to 坚持，忠于adjoin 邻近，接近，毗连administer 管理，处理，治理，实行，实施adore 崇拜，敬爱，爱慕affiliate 加盟，入会affirm 肯定，断言afflict 受折磨，使苦恼afford 付得起，冒危险；供给，给予aggravate 使恶化，使严重alienate 离间，使不和，使疏远，转移，让渡allege 断言，宣称，提出alleviate 减轻，缓和allocate 分配，配给，拨给alternate 交替，轮流amend 改善，改良，改正；修正anticipate 预期，盼望appease 使平息，安抚applaud 赞扬，称赞articulate 清晰说话，连接ascend 上升，攀登ascertain 确知，探知ascribe 归因于，归功于assemble 集合，聚集，装备assign 分派，指派(职务，任务) assimilate 吸收，同化attribute...to 归因于authorize/ise 授权，委托；批准，许可avail 利用，有帮助，有用avert 转移，防止，避免baffle 困惑，阻止，难住beam 微笑，高兴地笑；播送（节目等）base 建立在……的基础上bewilder 迷惑，弄糊涂blaze 燃烧；照耀blink 眨眼，闪烁不定blush 脸红，羞愧，羞于承认boost 提高，上扬，吹嘘breach 冲破，突破breed (over ) 培育，养育brew 酿制，调制；造成，形成，酝酿brood 沉思，思考，思虑browse 食，吃；浏览，随便阀阅bully 威胁，欺负carve 雕刻，铭刻，刻字cater (for) 准备，提供，迎合certify 证明，保证chant 唱歌，反复唱歌颂clamp 施压，钳制，用力制止clasp 紧握，紧抱cling (to )坚守，抱紧clutch 抓住，攫取，扑捉coincide with 相同，相一致collaborate 合著，合作，合伙collide 互撞，碰撞commemorate 纪念，庆祝commend 称赞，赞扬commence 开始commute 改变，换算成；减刑，通勤compensate 补偿，赔偿compile 编辑，编制，编写complement 补充，补足，结合comply with 遵守conceive 想出，设想concern 涉及condense 压缩，浓缩conflict 冲突，战争conform 符合，遵守，适应confront 面对，面临conserve 保护，保存confer 授予；商谈，商讨，讨论console 给予安慰或同情，慰问consolidate 巩固，统一constrain 强迫，勉强，驱使contemplate 注视，沉思，打算contend 奋斗，竞争；主张，断言contrive 发明，设计，想办法，设法完成convene 召集，召开，集合converge 汇合，聚集convey 表达，传达correlate 有关系，发生联系corrode 腐蚀，侵蚀，受损害corrupt 腐败，败坏，行贿crash (飞机)坠毁，冲入，破产，垮台cruise 航行，漫游，行进culminate 到达极点dart 飞奔，投射，冲进dazzle 使眩目，耀眼deceive 欺骗，哄骗decline 下降，减少，衰退dedicate 奉献，献身，致力于deduce 推理，推想，演绎出deem 相信，认为default 不负责，不到场，不还债defend 为……辩护defy 违抗，藐视degenerate 退步，堕落，腐化，恶化degrade 降级，堕落denote 代表，指出，指示denounce 揭发，告发deny 否认，剥夺，拒绝给deport 驱逐出境deprive 剥夺derive 得来，得到descend 下落descend 下来，下去；遗传，为后代deserve 值得designate 标明，指明，命名despise 鄙视，轻视，瞧不起detach 解开，拆开，使分离detain 扣留，使等候，阻止，耽搁deteriorate 恶化，变坏，变质deviate (使)背离，(使)偏离differentiate 区别，辨别，分别diffuse 散布，传播，扩散，推广dilute 变稀，变淡，稀释；减弱diminish 减少，缩小disable 使无能力，使残废discern 辩明，认清discriminate 区别，辨别；歧视dispense 分配，分给，施给；配药disperse 驱散，散开displace 移走，移置disguise 假扮，伪装disrupt 分裂，打破distort 歪曲，扭曲dominate 统治，占据dodge 闪避，躲闪，逃避，规避donate 捐赠，赠送doom 判定，注定dread 害怕，畏惧drain 渐渐耗尽duplicate 复制，重复eject 离开，逐出；喷出，射出elapse 经过，过去，逝去elevate 举起，提高，使高尚elicit 发出，引出eliminate 消除，淘汰，剔除embark 乘船，装载；开始，从事embody 体现，包括，包含endow 捐赠，赋有endure 忍受，忍耐enhance 提高，增加enroll 使成为…的成员，注册ensue 随着发生，因而发生erase 擦掉，抹去，抹掉erupt 爆发，迸发escort 护送，护航evacuate 撤离，撤退，疏散evaporate 蒸发，消失，死亡exempt (from) 使免除evoke 引起，唤起exclaim 呼喊，欢呼expire 到期，期满explore 探险，探索extract 拔出，拔取；榨出；摘录fabricate 建造，装置；捏造，伪造flank 侧翼包围flap (鸟)振翅(飞行)，挥动，轻拍flare 燃烧，闪烁，突然爆发flush 变红，脸红，激动formulate 明确的表达，阐述foster 照顾，培育，培养，养育follow 遵从，接受furnish . 配备，装饰gasp 喘气，喘息gauge 精确计量；估计，判断gaze 凝视，注视gear (to )使适应，使适合glitter 闪烁graze 吃草，放牧grease 涂上，搽上grieve 使伤心，使悲伤grin 露齿笑groan 呻吟grope 摸索，搜寻hamper 妨碍，限制haul 拖，拉haunt 常去，常出没，萦饶心头hinder 阻碍，妨害hoist 举起，升起，吊起hover 盘旋，翱翔huddle 挤在一起，缩成一团hurl 投掷，猛投identify 认出，确认ignite 引燃，发火illuminate 照亮，说明，阐明immerse (in )使浸没，使专心impair 损害，伤害impart 传授，给予；通知，告知impose 把…强加于inaugurate 举行就职仪式，是…开始incorporate 结合，合并incur 招致，蒙受induce 劝诱，诱导indulge 纵容，放任inflict on 强加于，使受痛苦inhabit 居住inhibit 阻止，禁止，抑制intend 意欲，打算interpret 解释，说明initiate 开始，着手，准许加入；传授inject 注射，注入insulate 绝缘，绝热，隔离intervene 干涉，阻扰，调停intrigue 设阴谋；激起好奇心invert 倒转，颠倒irritate 激怒，使急噪；使不舒服jeopardize 危及，损坏jerk 猛拉，颠簸而行jog 轻摇，缓缓行进lash 猛击，煽动levy 征收，征集；扣押linger 逗留，徘徊，留恋；迟缓，拖延litter 乱丢，乱堆locate 位于，定位loom 隐隐地出现，压在心头lubricate 加润滑油，使顺利进展lure 吸引，诱惑magnify 放大，垮大，夸奖manifest 显示，清楚表示，表明mean 打算，意欲mediate 想，考虑，沉思，思考merge 合并，逐渐融入mingle 混合起来，相混合minimize 对…做最低估计mob 包围（攻击）mobilize 动员mock 愚弄，嘲弄；使无法得逞monitor 监听，监控mourn 悲悼，哀悼，道歉necessitate 使必要neglect 忽视，遗漏nominate 提名，指定，指派nurture 养育，教养occupy 占领，使忙碌oppress 压迫，使难受orient 朝向东方，认清形式originate 首创，起源outrage 侵害，触犯，违反overflow 溢出，漫出，洋溢overhear 偷听，无意中听到overlap 重叠，相同，交叉overwhelm 压倒，浸没，使不安parade 游行paralyze/yse 使麻痹，使瘫痪pedal 踩踏板peel 剥，削perish 毁灭，死亡permeate 渗入，渗透perplex 使困惑，使迷惑plead 辩护，答辩；恳求，请求poke 推，刺，塞ponder 考虑，沉思preach 宣传，传教，鼓吹，倡导precede 在前，居先，先于preclude 阻止，使不可能prescribe 开处方，开药preside 主持，管理prolong 延长，拖延propel 推进，推动protest 抗议，反对provoke 引起，激起quantify 表示或测定。
考研英语高频词汇(整理打印版)
高频词汇1. a host of = a lot of 大量2. abandon = give up 放弃3. absence 没有，不存在4. abide by = obey; comply with, conform to遵守5. abnormalities 不正常6. absolute cf: relative; comparative 绝对的7. absorption 吸收，理解8. abstract cf: concrete 抽象的；摘要9. abundance—abundantly =rich充足；大量10. abuse 滥用11. accelerate—acceleration =speed up 加速12. access to—accessible 接近；获得13. accommodate—accommodation提供食宿；以适应14. accomplishment =achievement 成就，完成15. account for 解释；占据百分比16. accountant 会计17. accumulation 积累18. accuracy—accurate 精确性19. acknowledge 公认、承认20. acquaintance 熟人；熟悉（with）21. acquire—acquisition—acquisitive获得；学会；习得；合并22. act on 对…起作用23. actively 积极地；主动地24. adapt to 适应25. addict 上瘾26. address 称呼；强调27. adjoin 毗邻28. adjust 调节29. admiration 景仰；崇拜30. admission 录取；允许进入；门票31. adopt 领养；采纳32. adventurous 冒险的；历险的33. advisability—advisable —advisor—advisory可取性—值得建议的—建议者—指导性的34. advocate 支持；拥护（者）35. affiliate 附属36. affinity 关系；酷爱37. afford 买得起；承受得起代价38. agenda 议事日程39. agent 代理人；主体40. aggravate =worsen 恶化41. aggressive 挑衅的，好斗的；积极进取的42. aging 衰老的43. agony （身心的）极大痛苦44. aid = help 45. aim 目标46. alien to 不相容的；与…相反的47. align with 与…一致48. all but =almost49. allegation陈述；声称50. allocation 分配，拨给（款项）51. allow for把…考虑在内52. alone仅就…而言53. along one track顺着某一做事方式54. alphabet—alphabetically字母表—按字母表顺序的55. alter 改变（衣服大小和容貌）56. alternative—alternatively选择；可供选择的—可供选择地57. amateur 业余的58. amazed—amazing惊异的—令人惊异的59. ambiguous 容易引起歧义的；模棱两可的60. ambition 雄心；野心61. amid =in the middle of62. amount to =reach 达到；到达63. ample 大的；充足的64. analogous 类似物，近似物65. analysis—analyst 分析66. ancestor 祖先67. anchor 抛锚；停泊68. angle 角度69. announce 宣告70. anonymous 匿名的71. anticipate =expect72. anxiety 焦虑73. anything but =not at all 一点也不74. apart from =besides 除…以外还有75. apparatus 设备；装置76. apparent—apparently 明显地77. appeal to =attract 吸引78. appliance—applicable—application用具；器具—申请；应用79. appreciate 欣赏；理解；感激80. apprehensive忧虑的81. approach 途径；接近82. appropriate 合适的；恰当的83. arbiter 权威人士；仲裁员84. arbitrary武断的；刚愎自用的85. arrival 到达86. articulate 明确而有力地表达87. artistic 艺术的88. aspired 有灵感的89. assault=attack 袭击90. assemble =get together 集合；组装91. assert 断言；声称92. assess—assessable 评估93. assign 安排；布置94. assimilate—assimilation 同化95. assist—assistance = help 帮助96. assume—assumption= take on假设；承担；呈现97. assure 使某人确信98. astonishing 令人震惊的99. at a loss =confused 迷惑的100. at random 随机地101. at the mercy of 任由某人处置102. at will 任意地；随意地103. attach importance to 强调；重视104. attain 达到；获得105. attempt 企图；试图106. attendance—attentive to 关注107. attitude态度108. attribute to 把…归因于109. auditor 审计员；查帐人110. augment 扩大；增加；提高111. authentic 地道的112. authority—authorize 权威—授权113. automate 自动化114. auxiliary 辅助的115. average 普通的；平均的116. awaken 唤醒；唤起117. aware意识到；知道118. awkwardly 尴尬地119. baby boom 婴儿潮120. backbone 栋梁；中坚121. bait 鱼饵，诱饵122. ban 禁止123. bank on 寄希望于124. barely 几乎不125. bargain 讨价还价；便宜货126. barrier 障碍127. baseline 底线128. be absorbed in 全神贯注于129. be bound up with与某事物关系密切130. be composed of由…组成131. be confined to 局限于132. be engaged in 从事于133. be fascinated with 被…迷住了134. be indicative of 表明135. be obliged to 被迫做某事136. be opposed to 反对137. be rooted in 以…为根源138. bearable 可以忍受的139. belt 带状物140. beneficial—benefit 有好处的；对…有好处141. betray 背叛142. better off 经济状况变得更好143. beyond dispute毋庸质疑144. bias 偏见145. bilingual 双语的146. bill 法案147. binding 受法律约束的148. biomedical 生物医学的149. bitter 苦涩的，激烈的150. blind 盲目的151. block 阻碍152. bold 大胆的；冒进的153. bombard…with 攻击某人/物154. bonus 奖金；意外的好处155. boom 热潮156. booth 电话亭157. bore 使厌烦158. bound 注定；装订159. boundary 边界160. brake 刹车；阻碍因素161. brand 品牌162. break down 崩溃163. break through—breakthrough突破164. breakout 爆发165. breed 种；血统；滋生166. brightening 照亮的167. bring out 产生168. bring under control 控制住169. broadly 从广义上说170. brochure 小册子171. broker 经纪人172. bubble 冒泡；充满喜悦之情173. budget 预算174. build up 建立175. bulk 大块；大量176. bunch 一束；一簇177. burdensome 造成负担的178. bureaucracy 官僚机构179. business 事务180. by a large margin 以较大差距赢利181. bypass 偏路182. byproduct 副产品183. call for 要求184. call on 拜访185. call up 打电话；召集186. campaign （没有硝烟的）战争187. candidate 候选人188. canteen 食堂189. capability—capable 能力—能干的190. capacity 能力；容量191. capital—capitalism首要的/资本—资本主义192. captive—capture 俘虏—捕获193. carefree 无忧无虑的194. carry out 实现；完成195. carry weight 有影响；有份量；有力196. casual—casually 随意地197. cater to 迎合，满足198. caution—cautious—cautiously 小心；谨慎199. cease =stop 停止200. cement 水泥；巩固，加强201. census 人口普查202. centralization—centralize 中央集权化203. chain 连串；连锁店204. chair 主持205. channel 频道；渠道206. characteristics 特征207. cheery 喜气洋洋的208. chiefly 主要地209. child bearing 生孩子210. chip 薄片；芯片；电脑211. circuits 电路；封闭线路212. circumstance 条件213. citizenry 公民身份214. civil—civilization—civiliz国内的—文明—使文明215. claim—claiming声称（对…具有所有权）216. clash 冲突217. class—classify类别—分类218. classic 古典的；经典的219. clear-cut 明确的220. client 当事人；顾客221. climbing ladder 升职路径222. cling to 附着223. clinics 诊所224. clone 克隆；复制225. cluster 簇；丛/ 聚集226. code 方式227. coincidence 巧合228. collapse 坍塌229. colleague 同事230. colony 殖民地231. combat 战斗；对抗232. come into being形成233. come on 进步；成长234. command 掌握；精通235. commercial—commercialized商业的；广告—商业化236. commission—commit—commitment佣金；回扣—犯（罪，错误）237. commodity 商品238. community 一个群体239. commute 通勤（固定往返于两地之间）240. company 陪伴241. comparative—comparison 比较而言的—比较242. compassionate 有同情心的243. compel=force 强迫244. compensate—compensation=make up弥补；245. competently能干地246. competition—competitiveness—competitor 竞争—竞争激烈—竞争者247. compile编撰248. complementary补充的249. component组成成分250. comprehension 理解251. comprehensive 全面的，综合的252. compress 压缩253. compulsion—compulsive 强制254. concept=idea 观念；概念255. concern担心，关心256. concise简洁的257. conclusive结论性的258. concrete具体的259. condense 浓缩260. conduct—conductive行为；进行，实施261. confer—conference商讨；授予—会议262. confess承认（坏事）263. confide泄露秘密264. confirm进一步证实265. conflict冲突266. conform—conformity to 遵守；符合267. confront—confrontation面对；面临268. confusion迷惑269. connotation 言外之意270. conscious有意识的271. consensus共识272. consent同意273. consequence—consequent—consequently 结果—因此的—因此274. conservation—conservative保护；保守—保护的；保守的275. considerably相当大地，相当多地276. consist—consistently包含—前后一致地277. consolidation巩固；加强278. conspicuous 明显的279. constitute—constitutional组成—合乎宪法的280. construct = build建造281. consultant—consultation 咨询专家282. contemplative深思熟虑的；沉思的283. contemporary当代的；同时代的284. contempt—contemptible轻视；蔑视—可鄙的285. contend—contention 主张；争辩286. context上下文；环境（抽象）287. continually—continuous断断续续的—连续不断的288. contract合同；收缩289. contradict—contradiction—contradictory 矛盾，对立，反驳290. contrarily 相反291. contribute—contributing导致，造成292. controversial 有争议的293. convention—conventional常规—常规的294. convey= express表达295. convince—convincing使确信—有说服力的296. cooperation—co-operative合作—具有合作精神的297. coordinate—coordinator 协调—协调员298. cope对付299. corporate—corporation 团体的联合的—公司300. correlation相互联系301. correspond—corresponding一致；通信—有联系的302. costly昂贵的303. council市议会，市政厅304. counsel劝告，忠告/ 法律顾问305. counterbalance—counterpart平衡力，起平衡作用—相对应的人或物306. courageous 无畏的，勇敢的307. course路线；课程308. cover the cost支付费用309. craft工艺310. creationism—creativity 创造主义—创造性311. credibility可信度312. crisis危机313. criteria标准314. critical—critically—criticize—critics评论—批评的，关键的—批评地，关键地—批评家315. crop收获，收割316. crucial关键的317. cruelty残忍318. cultivate—cultivation培养319. cure治愈；疗法320. customary—customize习惯的，惯例的—顾客化（按顾客意见做）321. cut and dried 过分简洁的322. cut off 切断323. cute 可爱的324. cycle 周期325. database数据库326. dazzlingly令人目眩地327. deal with处理；和…有关328. deceptive欺骗性的329. declaration宣告330. decline下降；拒绝331. dedicate有献身精神的332. deduce演绎；推断333. deem=think 认为；相信334. deepen深化335. defeat打败336. defective有问题的337. defend—defendant—defender防御；辩护—被告—后卫338. deference尊重，遵从，服从，顺从339. define—definition 下定义—定义340. definitely 确定无疑地341. degradation 降级342. delay =hold up耽误343. deliberately= on purpose 故意地344. delicate脆弱的，易损的345. deliver—delivery送货；发言的方式技巧346. demand要求；需求347. democracy—democratic 民主—民主的348. demographer人口学家349. demonstrate—demonstration=show 表明350. densely populated人口稠密的351. deny否认；否决352. dependent upon依靠353. depict=describe 描写，描绘354. depletion削减；消耗355. depression抑郁症；经济萧条356. derive from =come from; result from来自357. descendant子孙后代358. desert沙漠；遗弃359. deserve理应得到360. desirable称心如意的361. despair—desperate绝望—不顾一切的362. detach cf: attach 分离363. destiny 命运364. destruction 毁灭365. detecting 探测的366. determine—determinism决定—决定论367. deteriorate 恶化368. detrimental =harmful 有害的369. devalued 贬值的370. devised 设计的371. devote 贡献372. die out 消亡373. differ—differentiation不同—差异；区别对待374. diffuse 消散375. digital 数字的；数码的376. dignity 尊严377. dilute 稀释378. dimension 空间；维度379. diminish 逐渐变小；逐渐消失380. directory 电话簿381. disable 残疾382. disadvantaged 处于劣势的383. discard 抛弃384. discern 辨别；识别385. discipline 纪律；学科386. discomfort 不舒适387. disconnect 断开连接388. discontent with不满意；不满足389. discourse 话语390. discovery 发现391. discrimination歧视；鉴别；区别392. disgraced 丢脸的393. disguise 伪装394. dishonest 不诚实395. dishonor 丢脸396. disintegrate 分解；瓦解；崩溃397. disjunction 不交汇398. disorder 无序；紊乱399. disorganized无组织的400. disparaging贬低性言语401. dispassion无激情402. disperse 驱散403. dispute争执404. disregard漠视，不关心405. dissatisfaction 不满意406. dissolve 溶解407. distant 遥远的408. distaste for 无品味409. distinction—distinctly 区别；明显地410. distinguish from区别411. distort歪曲；扭曲412. distract 使分心413. distrust 不信任414. diverse—diversity多元的，多样的—多元化，多样化415. diversion 偏离，转向416. divisive 造成分裂的417. do one’s bid 努力418. doctrine 教义419. dome 圆顶420. domestic 国内的；家庭的421. dominant—dominate占主导地位的—主导，支配422. doom 注定；劫数423. dosage—dose 剂量424. downscale 裁员425. downshifting 下降趋势426. downsize 裁员427. doze off 打盹428. draft 草稿，初稿429. dramatic—dramatically—dramatize戏剧性地—戏剧性的—戏剧化430. draw from 从中提取431. draw up 草拟；制订432. drawback 缺陷，不足433. dread—dreadful 可怕；可怕的434. drift 漂流435. driving force 驱动力436. drop out 中途退出437. dubiously 怀疑地，犹豫地438. dull 笨拙的；沉闷的439. duplication=copy 复制440. durable 耐久的441. dwell 居住，详细讨论，总是考虑442. dynamic 动态的443. eagerness 热心，渴望444. effect 影响；导致—效果445. effortless 毫不费力的446. elaborate 详尽的447. electronic—electronics电子的—电子学448. elegant 优雅的449. elevate 抬起，举起，升高450. eliminate—elimination 消除451. elite—elitism精英—精英主义452. ember 余烬453. embrace 拥抱，包含；体现454. emerge—emergence 出现455. emergency 紧急情况456. eminent =outstanding; remarkable; famous 457. emit 发出，散发458. emphasis 重点459. encounter 遇见460. endanger 使有危险461. endeavor 努力462. endless 无尽的463. ends 目的464. endure 忍受465. energetic 精力充沛的466. enhance加强，增强467. enlighten 启发468. enlist 注册；招募469. enquiry 询问；调查470. enrich 使丰富471. ensure 确保472. entail 使…成为必要473. enterprise 事业；企业474. entertainer 娱乐者475. enthrone 使就任；提拔476. enthusiastic 热心的，热情的477. entirely 完全地478. entitle 使有权做某事479. entrepreneur 企业家480. envy 嫉妒481. epidemic 流行性的482. episode 片断483. epithet 描述性短语484. equate…with 等同于485. equivalent 相等的486. essential 必要的487. ethical—ethics 道德的488. evenly 均匀的489. eventually =in the end最终的490. evolutionary—evolve进化的，发展的—进化，发展491. exaggeration 夸张492. exceed 超except for除了exception—exceptional 例外—格外的493. excessive过多的，过度的494. exchange交换，交流495. executive行政管理的（人员）496. exemplify 举例说明497. exercise 行使498. exert 强加499. exhaust 耗尽500. exotic 来自外国的501. expansion 扩充502. expectation 期望503. explanatory 解释性的504. explicitly 明确地505. exploitation 开发、利用506. explosion—explosive 爆炸—爆炸性的507. expose—exposure暴露508. expressive表达能力强的；富有表现力的509. extend—extended family 延伸—大家庭510. external外部的511. extinct灭绝512. extinguish熄灭513. extravagantly奢侈的514. fabric结构515. fabricate锻造，伪造516. factual事实的；真实的517. faculty才能；教职工；学院518. fade—fading褪色，逐渐消失519. faithfully忠诚地；忠实地520. fall short of不足521. fall victim to 成为牺牲品522. fame 名声523. fanciful—fancy富于幻想的—想象524. far from一点也不525. farfetched牵强的；夸张的526. far-reaching（影响）深远的527. fascination魅力528. fashion 时尚529. fat 丰厚的530. fatal 致命的531. feature特色532. federal联邦制的533. fertile肥沃的；多产的534. feverishly心急如焚的535. fiction小说536. fierce强烈的537. figure数字538. finance 财政；提供资金539. find fault with挑剔540. finite 有限的541. fix 修理；固定542. flat 扁平的；断然的543. flaw 瑕疵；缺陷544. flee =escape 逃跑545. float 漂浮546. flourish繁荣；昌盛；兴旺547. fluctuate波动548. focus 焦点549. for the sake of为了…的缘故550. forbid禁止551. forcefully—force强有力地—力552. formulate —formulation制订；确切表达—公式；确切表达553. forsake 放弃554. fortune 运气；发财555. forum 论坛556. fraction 一部分557. frame 框架558. freight （运输）货物559. frenzy 极度狂热560. frequently 经常561. frown 皱眉；反对562. fruitful—fruitless 富有成果的563. frustrate—frustration 挫败564. fuel 燃料；加燃料，促进565. fulfill 实现566. function—functional 功能；起作用567. further 进一步；推进568. futurist 未来学家569. gamble 赌博570. gender 性别571. generalization 归纳572. generate—generation—genetically 产生—代—从基因来看573. geological—geology 地理的—地理学574. get stuck 卡住，陷入不动575. giant 巨大的576. gigantic 巨大的577. give birth to 产生，导致578. give rise to 产生，导致579. give thought to 考虑某事580. glimpse 一瞥581. globalization 全球化582. gloomy 阴郁的；不景气的583. glowing 热烈的584. go off 变质/ 爆炸585. gold rush 淘金热586. good-for-nothing 无用的人587. goodness 善良，美德，精华588. govern 统治589. grand 宏伟的590. granted 被批准的591. graph 图表592. grasp 抓住；理解593. gravity 重力594. greedy 贪婪的595. grievance 悲痛596. grip 紧抓住597. gross 总的598. guarantee 保证，担保；质保599. guard against 防御，抵制，防止600. guidance—guideline 指导—指南601. guilty 有罪的；内疚的602. habitual 习惯性的603. halve (half) 对半分；减半604. handicap 残疾；不足605. handle = deal with 处理606. harbor 港口；庇护607. harmonious 和谐的608. harness 利用609. hasten 使匆忙610. haunt 萦绕611. have one’s way 自有一套612. headline 头条613. head-scratching 令人头疼的614. heavily 程度深地615. heighten 提高616. heritage 遗产（文化）617. hesitate 犹豫618. highlight 强调619. hinder 阻碍620. historian 历史学家621. hold back 阻止；抑制；克制622. hold on 坚持623. hook 钩子；钩住624. horizon 地平线；眼界；（知识的）范围625. horrify 令人害怕626. hospitality 好客627. host 男主人；男主持人628. hostility—hostile 敌意629. household 家庭630. humane—humanity 仁慈的—人性631. humble 谦卑的，谦恭的632. humiliation 不光彩；耻辱633. husbandry 农牧业634. hyperactive 多动的635. identical 一模一样的636. identifiable—identify识别；辨别637. ideology 意识形态638. ignorance—ignorant 无知；不知道639. ill-treat 虐待640. illuminating 富有启发性的641. illustrate 举例说明642. imagination—imaginative 想象力—富有想象的643. imitate 模仿644. immense 巨大的645. immigrant 移民646. immoral 不道德的647. immune to —immunization对…有免疫力—不受影响648. impact （深远的）影响649. impartial 公正的，不偏袒的650. impatient 不耐烦的651. imperative 必要的，强制性的652. impetus 推动；刺激；促进653. implementation 实施654. implication 外之意655. implicit 暗示的656. impolite 不礼貌的657. impose 强加658. impoverished 使贫困659. impractical 不切实际的660. imprison 囚禁661. improper 不恰当的662. impulse 冲动；刺激；推动力663. in brief 总而言之664. in case 万一665. in contrast with/to 和…形成对比、相反666. in despair 绝望地667. in effect =in fact 事实上668. in favor of 支持，赞成669. in honor of 为了纪念…;为了表示敬意670. in no time 立刻；马上671. in no way 不同意672. in one wave after another 一批接一批673. in proportion (to)和…成比例674. in quest of 寻求，搜寻675. in question 正被考虑或讨论676. in return 作为回报677. in the face of 面对某事；不顾678. in the light of 鉴于，考虑到。
2006年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译
但为君故系列
3
出时顺便看看。RSC 主张，是看戏者给城镇带来大量的税收，因为他们通常花整 晚上时间（有些是四到五个晚上）在旅馆或饭店里大量消费。然而游览者在当天 的黄昏前就能把所有事情做完了，然后离开小镇。 当地居民并不这么认为，地方政府也直接没有给予 RSC 补贴。Stratford 一 向都会哭穷。然而城镇上每一家旅馆似乎都增加了新的部门或是鸡尾酒酒吧。希 尔顿也在这儿建了一座自己的酒店， 这里肯定可以能看到被装饰一新的哈姆雷特 汉堡酒吧，Lear 休息室，宴会厅等等。进一步说，这里消费将很贵。 总之，居民不明白为什么 RSC 需要补贴。 （剧院已经打破了连续三年以来的 就座率纪录。去年整年的 1431 个座位的就坐率达到了 94%，今年将会更高。 ）当 然，原因是，演戏的花费高了，然而票价仍然很低。 大幅增加票价是一件很为难的事情，因为这样会把 Stratford 的最有魅力的 顾客－年轻人赶走。他们完全是为了戏而来，不是为风景。他们看起来都一个样 （虽然他们从各个地方而来） ——消瘦、率直、专注的脸庞，穿着牛仔裤和便 鞋，吃着小圆面包，在剧场外的石板上过夜，以便能买得到 20 张座票和 80 张 站票，这些票都是为那些睡觉的人准备的，并且在票房第二天上午 10 点半开始 售票时就卖给他们。 26. 从文章的前两段可知 A 该镇居民否认 RSC 对增加该镇收入有贡献 B RSC 的演员在台上台下都模仿莎士比亚 C RSC 的两个分支机构关系不好 D 该镇居民从旅游业获利很少 27. 从第三段可以推断出 A 观光客不能分开游览沃里克城堡和布兰汉姆宫 B 看戏者比观光客花钱多 C 观光客比看戏者购物多 D 看戏者在镇上只光顾剧院，哪儿也不去 28. 作者提到“Stratford cries poor traditionally”（第四段第二行） ， 其暗含的意思是 A 斯特拉福镇无法负担扩建计划的费用 B 斯特拉福镇长期处于经济困难状态 C 该镇并不真正缺钱 D 该镇居民过去收入很低 29. 在斯特拉福镇居民看来，RSC 不应该获得拨款，因为 A 可以提高票价来支付开销 B 公司财务管理不善 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
考研英语词汇完整听力
考研英语词汇完整听力考研英语词汇完整听力篇1a/anart.1.一(个) 2.任何一个 3.每,每一abandonvt.1.抛弃abide2.放弃.abilityv.(by)坚持,遵守ablen.1.能力,智能 2.才能,才干abnormala.反常的,不正常的aboardprep./ad.在船上->[意义扩大]在飞机或(车)上abolishvt.废除,取消about2.在.周围,在...附近ad.1.大约,差不多 2.在附近3.到处 a.准备aboveprep.在...上面,超过,高于 ad.在上面,以上a.上面的,上述的abroadad.[根义]到广阔的环境中[多义]1.到国外,在国外[同]overseas 2.到处 abrupta.1.突然的,意外的2.(言谈举止等)唐突的,鲁莽的absencen.1(U,C)缺席,不在场[反]presence2.(U)缺乏,没有[同]lacka.1.[表语](from)缺席,不在场[反]present absolutea.绝对的,完全的 ad.1.完全地,极其:absolutely完全正确2.肯定地,绝对地;absorbvt.1.吸收[同]take in2.吸收,使专心absorptionn.(U)吸收abstractv.提(抽)取 a.抽象的absurda.荒唐的abundancen.(U)丰富,充裕abundanta.(in)充分的,充裕的,丰富的abusevt./n.1.[根义]滥用2.滥用(言,行)academica.1.学院的 2.学术的academyn.(C)学院acceleratev.加速,促进accelerationn.加速(度)n.(C)1.口音,腔调[同]tone2.重音(符号)[同]stress v.1.接受,认可acceptv.1.接受,认可2.同意,承认acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.1.(U,C)接受,验收2.(U)承认,认可accessn.1.(U)(to)接近,进入2(U,C)通道,入口[同]entry3.[U]接近的方法accessoryn.(C)附近,配件a.附属的accidentn.(C)1.意外的事,偶然的事2.事故accidentala.意外的,偶然的accommodatevt.[根义](使)适应..(需求或使用)1.向..提供住处2.容纳,收容3.供应 accommodationn.(U,C)住宿,留宿accompanyvt.1.陪同,伴随2.为...伴奏accomplishvt.完成accordancen.(U)一致accordinga.一致的,相符的ad.照着(办),相应地,因此,从而accountn.(C)1.帐(目,户) 2.叙述,说明accumulatev.积累,积蓄,堆积accuracyn.(U)准确,精确度accuratea.精确的,准确的accusevt.1.控告2.谴责accustomv.(to)使习惯accustomeda.(to)习惯的,惯常的achevi.痛,疼痛n.(C.U)疼痛,酸痛achievevt.1.完成achievementn.1(C)成就,成绩 2.(U)完成,达到acidn.(U,C)酸 a,酸的acknowledgavt.1.承认...的权威(或主张)2.告知(信件、礼物等)已收到，确认3.理会 acquaintv.(with)1.使了解 2.使认识n.1.(U)认识,了解 2.(C)相识的人,熟人acquirevt.1.取得,获得[同]obtain,get 2.学到ocquisitionn.1.(C)获得物2.(U)获得acre[acre是agr的变体]n.(C)英亩acrossprep.1.横越,穿过2.在..对面,与...交叉actvi.1.行动,做事2.(机械,药物等)起作用3.表演4.假装 n.(C)1.行为2.法令action[act的名词]n.1.(U,C)行动,行为[同]act 2.(C)动作,活动activate[active的动词]vt.使活动,起动activea.1.有活动力的,活跃[同]lively 2.敏捷的3.在活动中的activity[active的名词]n.(U,C)1.活动 2.活性,活力actorn.(C)男演员actress[act(o)r+-ess(表示阴性)]n.(C)女演员actuala.实际的,现实的[同]real trueactuallyad.实际上:money actually paid实付金额acutea.1.敏锐的,尖锐的[同]sharp,sensitive 2.(疾病)急性的adad.n.(C)广告(=advertisement)adapt[ad-(=to)+apt(适合)]v.(to)1.(使)适应,适合adaptationn.1.改编 2.适应add2.补充说,又说add up to 合计,总计additionn.1.(U)(增)加,加法2.(C)附加(物)additionala.附加的,另外的,额外的addressv.1.致(函)2.致辞n.1.地址,通讯处2.致辞演讲adequatea.1.(for)充分的,足够的2(to)恰当的(=only justgood enough) adherevi.(to)1.粘附2.坚持adjacenta.(to)邻近的,毗连的[同]adjoiningadjectiven.(C)/a.形容词(的)adjoinv.靠近,毗连adjust使...趋向恰当、正好vt.调节,调整,校正[同]adaptadminister[ad-(=to)+minister(部长)+-ate;部长所]administratevt.1.掌管,料理.的事务2.实施,执行3.给予,投(药)administrationn.1(U)经营,管理2.行政(机关,部门)3.政府admirationn.(U,C)钦佩,赞美admirevt.钦佩,赞美admission1.允许进入,接纳,收容2.承认admitvt.1.让..进入,接纳2.承认adolescentn.(C)青少年 a.青春期的青少年的adoptvt.(根义)选取[多义]采用,采纳,通过2.收养adoptionn.(C,U)1.采用,采纳,通过2.收养adultn.(C)成(年)人[同]grown-up a.成年人的,已成熟的[同]mature advancev.1.前进,进展 2.推进,促进[同]promote,further n.1.前进,进展 advanceda.先进的,高级的,前进的adantagen.1.(C)优点,长处,有利条件[同]privilegeadvantageousa.有利的adventuren.1.(U,C)冒险,2.奇遇adverb[ad-(=to,趋向)]n.(C)副词adversea.不利的,有害的`advertisev.做广告advicen.劝告,忠告,意见advisablea.适当的,可取的advisevt.1.劝告,忠告[同]counsel 2.通知[同]inform 3.建议 advocatevt.鼓吹,提倡 n.鼓吹者aeriala.空中的,航空的n.(C)天线aeroplanen.(C)[英]飞机[同][美]airplaneaerospacen.(C)太空,宇宙空间aesthetica.1.美学的,艺术的affairn.1.事情,事,事件2.事务affectvt.1[广义]影响[同]influence 2.[狭义](在感情方面)感动[同]move affectionn.[C,U]1.[狭义]爱,慈爱感情 2.[广义]影响affiliaten.(C)附属机构,分公司be affiliated with/to使隶属于 n.附属机构 offirmv.断言,肯定[反]denyaffirmativea.肯定的[同]positiveaffordvt.1.买得起,花得起(时间),担负得起 2.担心的,恐怕afraida.1.怕,害怕的 2.担心的恐怕afterprep.在...以后,在.后面ad.以后,后来conj.在.后afterwardad.以后,后来againadv又，再来againstprep.1.靠近 2.逆,对(着)3.反对 4.违反5.对比agen.1.(U,C)年龄 2.(C)时代,时期[同]era,period.v.(使)变老,老化agencyn.(C)代理(处),代办处agendan.(C)议事日程agentn.(C)代理商(人),代表aggravatevt.加重,恶化,加剧aggressionn.侵略aggressivea.1.[贬]侵略的,好斗的2.[褒]敢做敢为的,有进取心的.agitatev.1.鼓动,煽动 2.搅拌agoad.以前,.....前agonyn.(U,C)痛苦,苦恼agreevi.1.(to)表示同意2.(with)一.保持相同意见二,一致三,适合agreeablea.1.同意的 2.易相处的,令人愉快的agreementn.1.(C)协定,协议culturala.农业的agriculturen.(U)农业 ad.在前,向前提前,前头aidn.1.(U)援助,救护 2.(C)助手,辅助物,辅助设备v.帮助,援助,救援 aimv.(at)1.瞄准,针对2.目的,在于 n.(C)目标,目的airn.1.(U)空气,大气,天空2.神气,架子 vt.使通风aircraftn.(C)飞机,航空器airlinen.1.航空公司,2.航线airmailn.(U)航空邮件,航空邮政airplanen.(C)飞机airport[port港口]n.(C)机场,航空站考研英语词汇完整听力篇2alarmn.1(U)惊恐,惊慌2.(C)警报 vt.1.使惊恐,惊动2.向...报警 alcoholn.(U)酒精,乙醇alerta.机灵的,警惕的aliena.1.外国的2.相异的3.(to)不相容的 n.(C)1.外侨2.外星人 alikea.[表语]相像的,相同的alivea.1.活着的2.热闹的alla.所有的,全部的 pron.全部,一切 ad.完全,十分alleviatevt.减轻,缓解,缓和alliance[ally的名词]n.(U,C)1.结果,联盟allieda.联合的,同盟的allocatevt.分配,分派,把...拨给allowvt.1.允许,准许2.让与,让..得到3.承认allowancen.1.津贴2.体谅,考虑alloyn.(U)合金allyn.(C)1.同盟者,同盟国2.支持者v.(with)(使)结盟 almostad.几乎,差不多[同]nearly.常与nobody,alonea.单独,独自,独一无二的ad.1.单独地,独自2.仅仅 alongprep.沿着.向前alongsideprep.在...旁边,横靠,与...并肩 ad.并排地aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.(C)字母表alsoad.1.同样,也2.而且,还altervt.改变,变更[同]changealterationn.(C,U)改变,变更alternatevi.交替,轮流a.交替的,轮流的alternativen.(C)可供选择的事物,替换物,选择对象althoughconj.虽然,尽管,即使altituden.(U,C)高度,海拔altogetherad.1.完全,全部地 2.总之3.总共[同]in all alumin(i)umn.(U)铝amateurn.(C)业余活动amazevt.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹ambassadorn.大使ambiguousa.模棱两可的[同]vague obscureambitionn.(U,C)[褒]雄心;[贬]野心ambitiousa.[褒]有雄心的[贬]野心勃勃的 ambulancen.(C)救护车amendv.修改,修正amongprep.在...之中,在.中间amountn.数量,总额vi.1.合计amperen.安培amplea.1.充分的,富裕的amplifiern.(C)放大器,扩音机amplifyv.放大,增强[同]e某pandamusevt.逗...笑,给..以娱乐amusementn.1.(U)娱乐,消遣2.(C)娱乐活动 analog(ue)n.(C)1.类似物2.模拟analogyn.(C,U)比拟,类似analysisn.(U,C)分析,分解analytic(al)a.分析的,分解的analyzev.分析,分解ancestorn.(C)祖宗,祖先anchorn.(锚)vi.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.1.和,与,而且2.那么3.接连,又angeln.天使angern.(U)气愤,愤怒 vt.使发怒,激怒anglen.1.角 2.角度,观点,方面angrya.1.愤怒的 2.生气的3.(风雨等)狂暴的 animaln.(C)动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的 anklen.(C)踝anniversaryn.(C)周年(纪念日)announcevt.1.宣布,发表,通告2.报告..的来到.announcern.(C)播音员,报幕员annoyvt.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的 n.年刊,年鉴anonymousa.1.匿名的2.无名的3.无特色的anothera.1.另一,再一2.别的,不同的 pron.另一个,类似的一个answerv.1.回答,答复,响应2.(for)负责,保证3.符合,适合 n.(C,U)回答,答复antn.(C)蚂蚁antarctica./n.南极(的)n.南极州antennan.(C)天线anticipatevt.预先,预料,预期,预感an某ietyn.(U)1.焦虑,挂念,焦急,忧虑2.渴望,热望an某iousa.1.忧虑的,担心的,焦急的2.渴望的anya.1.什么,一些2.任何的,任一的 pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个 ad.稍, anybodypron.1.任何人,无论谁2.重要人物ad.1.不管怎样,无论如何2.不论用何种方法anyonepron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.1.无论什么事(物),一切,任何事(物)anywheread.任何地方,无论哪里apartad.1.撇开 2.分离,分开apartmentn.(C)[英]房间,套间;apologizevi.(to,for)道歉,认错apologyn.(C)道歉,歉意apparatusn.(U,C)器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.to.1.表面的,貌似的2.明显的,显而易见的appealvi.1.(to)呼吁,要求2.对...有吸引力3.申诉,上诉n.呼吁,要求.2.申诉 appearvi.1.出现,显漏2.出场,出世3.好象是,仿佛4.来到appearancen.(U,C)1.出现,出场2.外观,外貌,外表appendi某n.(C)1.附属物2.阑尾n.1.(U,C)食欲,胃口2.(C)欲望,爱好,要求applaudv.鼓掌,喝彩,欢呼 vt.称赞applausevt.鼓掌,喝彩,欢呼appliancen.(C)器具,用具applicabela.(to)能应用的,适用的applicationn.1.(C)请求,申请(书,表)2.(U)(to)应用,运用 applyv.1.(for)申请,请求2.(to)适用 vt.应用,运用 appointvt.指定,约定等2.任命,委任appointmentn.1.(C)约会,预约2.(U,C)任命,选派appraisaln.(U,C)1.估计,估量2.评价appreciablea.可以察觉的,可估价的appreciatev.1.感激,感谢2.正确评价欣赏,赏识3.领会apprehensionn.1.(U,C)忧虑,担心,疑惧提心吊胆2.(U)理解 approachvt.靠近,接近,临近n.(C)1.方法,途径2.探讨appropriatea.适当的,恰当的vt.1.私占,侵吞,挪用2.拨出(款项等)供专用 approvaln.(U)1.赞成,同意2.认可批准approvevt.1.(of)赞成,同意,满意2.批准,审定,通过appro某imatelyad.近似地,大约apta.1.恰当的,适宜的2.(习性)易于...的,有.倾向的.arbitrarya.专断的,任意的arcn.1.弧形(物)2.弧archn.(C)拱门,弓形结构,桥拱洞 v.拱起,(使)变成弓形architectn.(C)建筑师,设计师architecturen.1.(U)建筑学2.(U,C)建筑(风格,式样)arcticn.北极,北极圈 a.北极(区)的arean.1(U,C)面积2.(C)地区,区域3.(C)领域,范围arguevi.争论,辩论 vt.1.论证主张2.说服argumentn.1.(U,C)争论,辩论2.(C)论点,论据arisevi.1.出现,发生2.(from)由...引起,由..产生arithmeticn.(U)算术armn.(C)1.手臂,臂状物armn.(pl.)[总称]武器,vt.装备,武装armyn.(C)1.军(队),陆军2.大群aroundad.1.周围,在附近2.到处各处3.大约 prep.1.在..周围(或附近)2.在..各地arousevt.1.引起,激起[同]wake2.唤醒,唤起arrangevt.1.安排,筹备[同]planprepare 2.整理,排列,布置arrangementn.1.(C)安排,准备工作2.(U,C)整理,排列,布置arrayn.(U)1.一系列,大量2.排列 vt.排列arrestv./n.(U,C)逮捕,扣留arrivaln.[抽象](U)到达,到来2.[具体](C)到达的人或物arrivevi.来到,到达arrive at得出,达成arrown.(C)1.箭(状物)2.肩头符号artn.1.(U,C)[广义]艺术[狭义]美术2.(C)技术,技艺 articulatev.vt.明确有力地表达 a.善于表达的,口齿清晰的 articlen.(C)1.文章,论文2.条款项目3.物品,商品4.冠词 artificiala.1.人工的,人造的2.[喻]娇柔造作的,人为的artistn.(C)[广义]艺术家;[狭义]美术(家)的artistica.[广义]艺术家的;[狭义]美术(家)的第 21 页共 21 页。
2006年考研英语真题
绝密★启用前2006年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（科目代码：201）☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (lOpoints)The homeless make up a growmg percentage of America's population. _1_, homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can't possibly 2 . To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, __ 4_ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing._5_everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates _6_ a nywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _7_ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is_8_. One of the federal government's studies _9_ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to_lQ_ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a ___l1_ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day ___l1_ the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to tum their lives 16 . Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 pr ograms th at ad dress th e ma ny ne eds of th e ho meless.18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College m Massachusetts, 19 it, "There has to be 20 of programs. What's needed is a package deal."1.[A] Indeed2.[A] stand3. [A] in4. [A] raise5. [A] Generally6. [A] cover7. [A] Now that8. [A] inflating9. [A] predicts10.[A] assist11.[A] Hence12.[A] lodging13. [A] searching14.[A] when15.[A] life16.[A] around17.[A] complex18.[A] So19.[A] puts20.[A] super v isionPart A Directions: [B] Likewise [C] Therefore [D] Furthermore [B] cope [C] approve [D] retain [B] for [C] with [D] toward [B] add [C] take [D] keep [B] Almost [C] Hardly [D] Not[B] change [C] range [D] differ [B] Although [C] Provided [D] Except that [B] expanding [ C] increasing [D] extending [B] displays [C] proves [D] discovers [B] track [C] sustain [D] dismiss [B] But [C] Even [D] Only [B] shelter [C] dwelling [D] house [B] strolling [C] crowding [D] wandering [B] once [C] while [D] whereas [B] existence [C] survival [D] maintenance [B] over [C] on [D] up[B] comprehensive [C] complementary [D] compensating [B] Since [C] As [D] Thus [B] interprets [C] assumes [D] makes [B] manipulation [C] regulation [D] coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionRead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In spite of "endless talk of difference," American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is "the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference" characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into "a culture of consumption" launched by the 19thcentury department stores that offered "vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite" these were stores "anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act." The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today's immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of the population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation -language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that "a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English 'well' or 'very well' after ten years of residence." The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. "By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families." Hence the description of America as a "graveyard" for languages. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics "have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks." By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet "some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation's assimilative power."Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America's turbulent past, today's social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word "homogenizing" (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means[A] identifying.[B] associating.[C] assimilating.[D] monopolizing.22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture.[B] became intimate shops for common consumers.[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.[A] are resistant to homogenization.[B] exert a great influence on American culture.[C] are hardly a threat to the common culture.[D] constitute the majority of the population.24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned i n Paragraph 5?[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public's fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25. In the author's opinion, the absorption of immigrants into A merican s ociety is[A] rewarding.[B] successful.[C] fruitless.[D] harmful.Text2Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry William Shakespeare -but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are thetownsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other s ights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC's actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It's all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -don't usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town's revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don't see it this way and the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford c ries p oor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can't understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they'll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford's most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC's contribution to the town's revenue.[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off s tage.[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms.[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism.27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately.[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers.[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers.[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater.28. By saying "Stratford cries poor traditionally" (Line 2, Paragraph 4), the authorimplies that[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects.[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties.[C] the town is not really short of money.[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid.29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending.[B] the company is financially ill-managed.[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable.[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise.30. From the text we can conclude that the author[A] is supportive of both sides.[B] favors the townsfolk's view.[C] takes a detached attitude.[D] is sympathetic to the RSC.Text3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators ( a nimals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some longfished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that[A] large animals were vulnerable to the changing environment.[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared.[C] large sea animals may face the same threat tod ay.[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones.32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm's paper that[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%.[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago.[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount.[D] the number of large predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.33. By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, Paragraph 3), Dr. Wormmeans that[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly.[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded.[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss.[D] the data collected so far are out of d ate.34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time.[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass.[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level.[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation.35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries'[A] management efficiency.[B] biomass level.[C] catch-size limits.[D] technological application.Text4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire' s fl owers of e vil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modem times have seen so much misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modem form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -to lure us to open our wallets -they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable."Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -what our economy depends on us forgetting -is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intendsto show that[A] poetry is not as expressive of j oy as painting or music.[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings.[C] poets today are less skeptical of h appiness.[D] artists have changed their focus of i nterest.37. The word "bummer" (Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means something[A] religious.[B] unpleasant.[C] entertaining.[D] commercial.38. In the author's opinion, advertising[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art.[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public.[C] replaces the church as a major source of i nformation.[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself.39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness.[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing.[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.[D] the anti-h ap py art flourishes when economy booms.40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modem society.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.PartBDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card," which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, those activities became what he calls "electronic heroin."(41 )_____________ I n 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a "cease admissions" letter. Noting the "medical/psychological" nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) _________ _The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning:"Enjoy the fun ... a nd always bet with your head, not over it." Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was "helplessly addicted to gambling," intentionally worked to "lure" him to "engage in conduct against his will." Well.(43) _________ _The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Me ntal Disorders says "pathological gambling" involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of the thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.( 44) _____________ �Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45) _________ _Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -you might say addicted to -revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing departmentcontinued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B] It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even,he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a longtime it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams's suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don't bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems,often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especiallyconducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?PartCDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese, Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of the intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? ( 46) _I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic( in, ,Mr m [ij;) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -the average scientist, for one. ( 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. ( 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing ; living in "public and illustrious thoughts," as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not si gn your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)PartB52. Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the photos briefly,2) interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3) give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)tE * fl -;(£ JMLI:1±: Beckham ( _ITT �&Mt) -� � fEl3}< aJL�.o。
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5A版优质实用文档 5A版优质实用文档 1 20XX年考研英语（一）新题型重要词汇汇总 本文选自20XX年Newsweek《新闻周刊》，原标题是ElectronicMorphine(电子吗啡)。文章的写作方式是典型的西方报刊体，即先举一个列子，再从例子中说明一个普遍的社会现象，最后引出自己的评论。本文通过DavidWilliam的赌博经历，评述美国社会普遍的赌博现象以及其愈演愈烈趋势的原因。本文没有出现涉及复杂语法结构的难句子以及超纲词汇，但是文章中包含了考研英语常见的高频重点词汇，让我们一起学习这些词汇吧！ 1.8spare[speə] a.1.备用的2.多余的，空闲的v.1.省出，抽出(时间)2.饶恕3.使免遭 【真题例句】：Canada’spremiers(theleadersofprovincialgovernments),iftheyhaveanybreathleftaftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodosomething,together,toreducehealth-carecosts.在七月底的年度会议上，加拿大的总理们(各省政府的领导)对渥太华抱怨一顿之后，如果还有力气的话，可能会抽出点时间一起做点事情——降低医疗费用。(20XX年新题型) 2.2groan[ɡrəʊn] n./v.呻吟，叹息 【联想记忆】：拟声词groan叹息时发出的声音 【真题例句】：They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastest-growingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts.他们都会医疗预算的飞涨满腹抱怨，其中增长最快的就是药品费用。(20XX年新题型) 3.2recommend['rekə'mend] v.1.推荐，举荐2.劝告，建议3.使成为可取，使受欢迎 【词根记忆】：re(back)+com(一起)+mend(想起)→使大家都知道→推荐 【短语搭配】：recommendfor推荐;由于…而称赞 【真题例句】：BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare--tosaynothingofreportsfromothereGperts--recommendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.先不说许多其他专家已经提出报告，罗马诺医疗委员会和科尔5A版优质实用文档 5A版优质实用文档 2 比医疗委员会都建议设立一个国家药物机构。(20XX年新题型) 4.6pool[pu:l] n.水池，游泳池v.联营，联合投资 【真题例句】：Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresandlimitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanationalinstitution.每个省不再出台自己的药物清单，不再有自己的机构、程序、改善有限的议价能力，转而和渥太华合作创建一个国家机构来实现资源共享。(20XX年新题型) 5.9effort['efət] n.1.努力，尝试2.努力的成果，成就 【词根记忆】：ef(=out向外)+fort(力量)→力量的结果→努力的成果 【真题例句】：But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat.“National”couldmeaninterprovincial--provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.但是国家不一定就是这个含义，它也可能意味着各省之间，即各省联合起来创建的机构。(20XX年新题型) 6.7negotiate[nɪ'ɡəʊʃɪeɪt] v.商订;谈判，洽谈，交涉 【短语搭配】：negotiateabout协商;谈判 【真题例句】：Eitherway,onebenefitofa“national”organizationwouldbetonegotiatebetterprices,ifpossible,withdrugmanufacturers.不管含义如何，如果实现的话，国家级机构的优点之一就是能通过谈判从药物生产商哪里获得更优惠的价格。(20XX年新题型) 7.6behalf[bɪ'ha:f] n.1.支持，赞成2.利益，方面 【短语搭配】：onbehalfof代表;为了…利益 【真题例句】：Insteadofhavingoneprovince--oraseriesofhospitalswithinaprovince--negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.由原来的一个或者几个省的几家医院对省内清单上的药物进行议价改为国家机构代表所有省份来议价。(20XX年新题型) 8.12agency['eɪdʒənsi] n.1.代理行2.(政府等的)专门行政部门 5A版优质实用文档 5A版优质实用文档 3 【词根记忆】：ag(做，行动)+ency(名词后缀)→代理机构 【真题例句】：Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalf31millionpeople.例如，魁北克省只能代表七百万公民议价，而国家机构则能代表三千一百万加拿大人进行谈判。(20XX年新题型) 9.24suspicious[sə'spɪʃəs] a.1.猜疑的,疑心的2.可疑的 【词根记忆】：sus(下面)+spic(看)+ious(形容词后缀)→向下偷看→怀疑的 【短语搭配】：besuspiciousof对…起疑 【真题例句】：Afewpremiersaresuspiciousofanyfederal-provincialdeal-making.一些省的总理们总是对任何联邦政府和省之间的交易抱着怀疑态度。(20XX年新题型) 10.29attach[ə'tætʃ] v.1.系，贴2.使依恋3.人为有(重要性、责任等)4.使附属 【词根记忆】：at(加强)+tach(接触)→使两物相互紧密接触→系，贴 【真题例句】：They(particularlyQuebecandAlberta)justwantOttawatoforkoveradditionalbillionswithfew,ifany,stringsattached.他们(尤其是魁北克省和阿尔伯特省)自己不想承担任何责任(如果他们有责任的话)，而只想让渥太华额外去支付几十亿元。(20XX年新题型) 1.8constrain[kən'streɪn] v.1.限制，约束2.克制，抑制 【词根记忆】：con(共同)+strain(拉紧)→共同拉紧→限制，约束 【真题例句】：Anationaldrugagencywouldprovidegovernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinordertoconstraintheever-increasingcostofdrugs.国家药物机构会让政府对药物公司施加更大的影响，来抑制不断上涨的药价。(20XX年新题型) 2.2crack[kræk] v.1.(使)破裂，2.打，击n.裂缝，缝隙 【短语搭配】：getcrackingon/aboutsth开始做某事 【真题例句】：5A版优质实用文档 5A版优质实用文档 4 Hencetheanalogythatlikenstheconductofmonetarypolicytodrivingacarwithablackenedwindscreen,acrackedrearviewmirrorandafaultysteeringwheel.因此有这样一个类比，即把货币政策的执行比作开着一辆变黑了的挡风玻璃，破碎的后视镜以及方向盘失灵的汽车。(1997年阅读TeGt1) 3.2jurisdiction[,dʒʊrɪs'dɪkʃən] n.司法权，审判权，裁判权 【词根记忆】：juris(法律)+dict(说)+ion(名词后缀)→法律上命令→司法权 【真题例句】：SowhenthepremiersgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshouldalsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.因此当官员们聚集在尼亚加拉大瀑布城，一如既往地抱怨时，他们也应该在自己的权利范围内开始做些有益于他们的预算和病人福祉的事情。(20XX年新题型) 4.6assemble[ə'sembl] v.集合;装配;收集 【词根记忆】：as(方向)+semb(相似的)+le(尾缀)→聚集在一起的人，聚集的行为→集合，召集 【短语搭配】：assembledbattery组合电池 【真题例句】：Nowthatyouhavedevelopedatopicintoatentativethesis,youcanassembleyournotesandbegintofleshoutwhateveroutlineyouhavemade.既然你已经把一个话题阐明为初步的论题，那就可以整理你的要点，并开始充实你已经拟好的无论任何样的提纲。(20XX年新题型) 5.9resistance[rɪ'zɪstəns] n.1.抵抗，抵制2.抵抗力，抵抗性3.阻力，电阻 【词根记忆】：resist(抵制)+ance(名词后缀)→抵制 【真题例句】：Quebec’sresistancetoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.魁北克反对成立国家代理机构是出于地方保护主义的意识形态。(20XX年新题型) 6.7ideology[,aɪdɪ'ɔlədʒɪ] n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识 【词根记忆】：ideo(相当于idea思想)+logy(表示“学说，理论”)→意识形态