Multi多片式离合器
汽车术语缩写
一些汽车术语缩写一些汽车术语缩写英语含义汉语含义A ／C Air Conditioning 空调A ／T Automatic Transaxle (Transmission) 自动变速器ACC Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器ACT Air Charge Temperature 进气温度AFC Air Flow control 空气流量控制AFS Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器AI Air Injection 二次空气喷射ACL AirCleaner 空气滤清器AIV Air Injection Valve 空气喷射阀ALCl Assembly Line Communication Link 总装线测试插座ALDl Assembly lne Diagnostic Link 总装线诊断插座ALT Alternator 交流发电机APS Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器ATS Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器AP Accelerator Pedal 加速踏板ABS Anti-lock Brake System 防抱死刹车系统ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液A ／F Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料混合比AMP Ampere(S) 安培( 电流强度)APPROX Approximately 大约，近似ATDC After Top Dead Center 上止点后AUTO Automatic 自动ATT Attachment 附件ALR Automatic Lock Return 自动馈回缩器B+ Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极BARO Barometric Pressure 大气压力BARO Sensor Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BP Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BAT Battery 电瓶BTDC Before Top Dead Center 上死点前BDC Bottom Dead Center 下死点CMP Camshaft Position 凸轮轴位置CARB Carburetor 化油器CCC Converter Clutch Control 转换离合器控制CDI Capacitive Discharge Ignition 电容放电式点火CMFI Central Multiport Fuel lnjectoion 中央多点燃油喷射CES Clutch Engage Switch 离合器接合开关CFI Central Fuel lnjection 中央燃油喷射CFI Continous Fuel Injection 连续燃油喷射CID Cylinder Identification Sensor 汽缸传感器CIS Continous Fuel lnjection 连续燃油喷射CKP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CKP Sensor Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CL Closed Loop 闭环控制CP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CPP Clutch Pedal Position 离合器踏板位置CPS Camshaft Position Sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器CPS Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CTP Closed Throttle Position ，节气门关闭位置CTS Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器CYP Cylinder Position 汽缸位置CAT Catalytic Converter 触酶转换器CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳CYL Cylinder 汽缸CPC Clutch Pressure Control 离合器压力控制CARB Carburetor 汽化器，化油器CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CHG Charge 充电D — Jetronic Multiport Fuel Injection D 型多点燃油喷射DLC Data Link Connector 数据传递插接器DFI Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射DI Direct lnjecton 直接喷射DI Distributor lgnition 分电器点火DID Direct lnjection — Diesel 柴油直接喷射DTM Diagnostic Test Mode 诊断测试模式DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code 诊断故障码DLI Distributorless Ignitioo 无分电器点火DS Detonation Sensor 爆震传感器DIFF Differential 差速器DOHC DoubleOverhe~IdCamshaft 顶置双凸轮轴DPI Dual Point lnjection 两点喷射DRL Daytime Running Light 白天行驶灯E2PROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ReadOnly Memory 可以擦写的只读存储器EATX Electronic Automatic Transmission ／Transaxle 电控自动变速器EC Engine Control 发动机控制ECA Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成ECM Engine Control Module 发动机控制模块ECT Engine Coolant Temperature 发动机冷却水温EDIS Electronic Distributorless lgnition System 电子无分电器点火系统EEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制EEPROM Electrially Erasable Programmable ReadOnly Memory 可电擦写的只读存储器EFI Electronic Fuel lnjection 电控燃油喷射EGOS Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环EGRV ExhaustGasRecirculationvalve 废气再循环阀EGS Exhaust Gas Sensor 氧传感器EPROM Erasable PrOgrammable Read Only Menory 可擦写的只读存储器ESA Electronic Spark Advance 点火提前ESAC Electronic Spark Advance Control 点火提前控制EST Electronic Spark Timing 点火正时EVAP Evaporative Emission 蒸发排放污染EX Exhaust 排气ELD Electrical Load Detector 电子负载检测器EPS Electrical Power Steering 电子动力转向FC Fan Control 风扇控制FP Fuel Pump 燃油泵FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动FR Front Right 右前FSR Fail SafeRelay 失效安全继电器FIA Fuel lnjection Air 燃油喷射进气GEN Generator 交流发电机GND Ground 搭铁GAL Gallon 加仑H ／B Hatchback 掀背式H02S Heated Oxygen Sensor 加热型氧气传感器HC Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物lA Intake Air 进气IAT Intake Air Temperature 进气温度IATS Intake Air Temperature Sensor 进气温度传感器lAC Idle Air Control 怠速控制IACV Idle Air control Valve 怠速空气控制阀ICM Ignition Control Module 点火控制模块ISC Idle Speed Control 怠速控制lAB Intake Air Bypass 进气歧管IAR Intake Air Resonator 进气共鸣器IMA IdleMixtureAdjustment 怠速混合比调整IMPS Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 进气歧管压力传感器IN Intake 进气IG or IGN Ignition 点火燃烧ID Identification 辨证，识别ID or I ．D ．Inside Diameter 内径KAM Keep Alive Memory 磨损修正系数存储器K — Jetronic Continous Fuel lnjection 机械式连续喷射KE — Jetromc Continous Fuel lnjection 机电结合式连续喷射KS Knock Sensor 爆震传感器KOEO KEY — ONEngine — OFF 点火开关ON 发动机不启动KOER KEY — ONEngine — Running 点火开关ON 发动机运转L — Jetronic MultiportFuellnjeetion L 型多点燃油喷射LH — Jetronic MultiportFuel lnjection LH 型多点燃油喷射LHD Left Handle Drive 左侧驾驶L ／C Lock — up Clutch 锁定离合器LF Left Front 左前LSD Limited Slip Differential 防滑差速器LR Left Rear 左后L 一4 In — Line Four Cylinder(engine) 直列式4 汽缸( 发动机) LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管M ／C Mixturure Control 混合气控制MAF Mass Air Flow 质量空气流量MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure 歧管绝对压力MAT Manifold AirTemperature 歧管空气温度MCS Mixture Control Solenoid 混合气控制电磁线圈MCU Microprocessor Control Unit 微处理器控制单元MFI Muhipoint Fuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射MFE MultipointFuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射Mil Malfunction lndicator Lamp 故障指示灯M ／S Manual Steering 手( 机械式) 转向MAF Mass Air Flow Sensor 空气流量计M ／T Manual Transmission 手动变速箱MCK Motor Check 马达检示MAX Maximum 极大值MIN Minimum 极小值MPI Multi Point lnjection 多点喷射NPS Neutral Position Switch 空挡开关N Neutral 空转位置( 空挡)NOX Nitrogen Oxides of 氮氧化合物02S Oxygen Sensor 含氧传感器P ／N Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置P ／S Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向压力开关PCM Power train Control Module 动力控制模块PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风PFI Port Fuel lnjection 进气门口燃油喷射PIP Position lndicator Pulse 曲轴位置传感器PNP Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置PROM Programmable Read Only Memory 可编程只读存储器PSP Power Steering Pressure 动力转向压力PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向油压开关p Park 停车PSAI Pulsed Secondary Air lnjection 脉动式二次空气喷射PGM — FI Programmed — fuel lnjection 程式控制燃料喷射PGM — IG Programmed lgnition 程式化点火PMR Pump Motor Relay 由泵马达继电器PSW Pressure Switch 压力开关PSF Power Steering Fluid 动力转向油Qty Quantity 数量RAM Random Access Memory 随机存储器RM Relay Module 继电器模块ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器RR Rear Right 右后RHD Right Handle Drive 右侧驾驶REF Reference 参考RL Rear Left 左后SBEC Single Board Engine Control 单板发动机控制SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel lnjection 次序电控燃油喷射SFI Sequential Fuel lnjection 次序燃油喷射'SMEC Single Module Engine Control 单片发动机控制SPI Single Point lnjection 单点喷射SAE Society of Automotive Engineers 美国汽车工程师学会SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft 顶置单凸轮轴SOI Solenoid 线圈SPEC Specification 规格S ／R Sun Roof 遮阳板SRS Supplemental Restrgint System 安全气囊STD Standard 标准SW Switch 切换开关SCS Service Check Signal 维修检示信号SEC Second 秒、第二TB Throttle Body 节流阀体TBI Throttle Body Fuel lnjectlon 节流阀体燃油喷射TC Turbocharger 涡轮增压器TCM Transmission Control Module 变速器控制模块TP ThrottlePosition 节气门位置TPS Throttle Position Sensor 节气门位置传感器TPS Throttle Position Switch 节气门位置开关TPI Tuned Port lnjection 进气口喷射TWC Three Way Catalytic Converter 三元催化反应器T Torque 扭力TDC Top Dead Center 上死点TDCL Test Diagnostic Communication Link 自诊接头T ／N Tool Number 工具编号TCC Torque Convertor Clutch 变扭器离合器TRC Traction Control 牵引控制VAF Volume Air Flow 体积空气流量VAT Vane AirTemperature 进气温度VCC Viscous Converter Clutch 变扭离合器VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor 车速传感器VSV Vacuum Solenoid Valve 真空电磁阀VTEC Variable Valve Timing Valve Lift 可变式气门正时VC Viscous Coupling 粘性偶和VIN Vehicle ldentification Number 车身号码( 出厂号码) VVIS Variable Volume Intake System 可变进气系统。
汽车英语简写
汽车专业英语简写词汇ABS：制动防抱死系统Antilock Breaking SystemACI：汽车自动识别系统Automatic Car Identification systemAEGS：自动变速器控制（系统）Automatic transmission control (system)ALD：自锁式差速器Auto Locking DifferentialAMT：自动机械式变速器Automated Mechanical TransmissionAWB：车轮滑动（移）自动制动（控制系统）Automatic Wheel-slip Brake (control system) CLS：中央门锁系统Central door Lock SystemCUV：多功能混合汽车Car-based Utility VehicleEAHV：电动和混合动力汽车Electric And Hybrid VehicleEBA：刹车辅助系统EBS：电子控制制动系统Electronically-controlled Braking SystemECI：电子控制的（燃油）喷射（系统）Electronically Controlled InjectionEDS：电子差速锁定装置Electronic Differential LockTCS：牵引力控制Traction Control SystemA ／C Air Conditioning 空调A ／T Automatic Transaxle (Transmission) 自动变速器ACC Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器ACT Air Charge Temperature 进气温度AFC Air Flow control 空气流量控制AFS Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器AI Air Injection 二次空气喷射ACL AirCleaner 空气滤清器AIV Air Injection Valve 空气喷射阀ALCl Assembly Line Communication Link 总装线测试插座ALDl Assembly lne Diagnostic Link 总装线诊断插座ALT Alternator 交流发电机APS Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器ATS Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器AP Accelerator Pedal 加速踏板ABS Anti-lock Brake System 防抱死刹车系统ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液A ／F Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料混合比AMP Ampere(S) 安培( 电流强度)APPROX Approximately 大约，近似ATDC After Top Dead Center 上止点后AUTO Automatic 自动ATT Attachment 附件ALR Automatic Lock Return 自动馈回缩器B+ Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极BARO Barometric Pressure 大气压力BARO Sensor Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BP Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BAT Battery 电瓶BTDC Before Top Dead Center 上死点前BDC Bottom Dead Center 下死点CMP Camshaft Position 凸轮轴位置CARB Carburetor 化油器CCC Converter Clutch Control 转换离合器控制CDI Capacitive Discharge Ignition 电容放电式点火CMFI Central Multiport Fuel lnjectoion 中央多点燃油喷射CES Clutch Engage Switch 离合器接合开关CFI Central Fuel lnjection 中央燃油喷射CFI Continous Fuel Injection 连续燃油喷射CID Cylinder Identification Sensor 汽缸传感器CIS Continous Fuel lnjection 连续燃油喷射CKP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CKP Sensor Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CL Closed Loop 闭环控制CP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CPP Clutch Pedal Position 离合器踏板位置CPS Camshaft Position Sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器CPS Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CTP Closed Throttle Position ，节气门关闭位置CTS Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器CYP Cylinder Position 汽缸位置CAT Catalytic Converter 触酶转换器CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳CYL Cylinder 汽缸CPC Clutch Pressure Control 离合器压力控制CARB Carburetor 汽化器，化油器CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CHG Charge 充电D —Jetronic Multiport Fuel Injection D 型多点燃油喷射DLC Data Link Connector 数据传递插接器DFI Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射DI Direct lnjecton 直接喷射DI Distributor lgnition 分电器点火DID Direct lnjection —Diesel 柴油直接喷射DTM Diagnostic Test Mode 诊断测试模式DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code 诊断故障码DLI Distributorless Ignitioo 无分电器点火DS Detonation Sensor 爆震传感器DIFF Differential 差速器DOHC DoubleOverhe~IdCamshaft 顶置双凸轮轴DPI Dual Point lnjection 两点喷射DRL Daytime Running Light 白天行驶灯E2PROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ReadOnly Memory 可以擦写的只读存储器EATX Electronic Automatic Transmission ／Transaxle 电控自动变速器EC Engine Control 发动机控制ECA Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成ECM Engine Control Module 发动机控制模块ECT Engine Coolant Temperature 发动机冷却水温EDIS Electronic Distributorless lgnition System 电子无分电器点火系统EEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制EEPROM Electrially Erasable Programmable ReadOnly Memory 可电擦写的只读存储器EFI Electronic Fuel lnjection 电控燃油喷射EGOS Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环EGRV ExhaustGasRecirculationvalve 废气再循环阀EGS Exhaust Gas Sensor 氧传感器EPROM Erasable PrOgrammable Read Only Menory 可擦写的只读存储器ESA Electronic Spark Advance 点火提前ESAC Electronic Spark Advance Control 点火提前控制EST Electronic Spark Timing 点火正时EVAP Evaporative Emission 蒸发排放污染EX Exhaust 排气ELD Electrical Load Detector 电子负载检测器EPS Electrical Power Steering 电子动力转向FC Fan Control 风扇控制FP Fuel Pump 燃油泵FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动FR Front Right 右前FSR Fail SafeRelay 失效安全继电器FIA Fuel lnjection Air 燃油喷射进气GEN Generator 交流发电机GND Ground 搭铁GAL Gallon 加仑H ／B Hatchback 掀背式H02S Heated Oxygen Sensor 加热型氧气传感器HC Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物lA Intake Air 进气IAT Intake Air Temperature 进气温度IATS Intake Air Temperature Sensor 进气温度传感器lAC Idle Air Control 怠速控制IACV Idle Air control Valve 怠速空气控制阀ICM Ignition Control Module 点火控制模块ISC Idle Speed Control 怠速控制lAB Intake Air Bypass 进气歧管IAR Intake Air Resonator 进气共鸣器IMA IdleMixtureAdjustment 怠速混合比调整IMPS Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 进气歧管压力传感器IN Intake 进气IG or IGN Ignition 点火燃烧ID Identification 辨证，识别ID or I ．D ．Inside Diameter 内径KAM Keep Alive Memory 磨损修正系数存储器K —Jetronic Continous Fuel lnjection 机械式连续喷射KE —Jetromc Continous Fuel lnjection 机电结合式连续喷射KS Knock Sensor 爆震传感器KOEO KEY —ONEngine —OFF 点火开关ON 发动机不启动KOER KEY —ONEngine —Running 点火开关ON 发动机运转L —Jetronic MultiportFuellnjeetion L 型多点燃油喷射LH —Jetronic MultiportFuel lnjection LH 型多点燃油喷射LHD Left Handle Drive 左侧驾驶L ／C Lock —up Clutch 锁定离合器LF Left Front 左前LSD Limited Slip Differential 防滑差速器LR Left Rear 左后L 一4 In —Line Four Cylinder(engine) 直列式4 汽缸( 发动机) LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管M ／C Mixturure Control 混合气控制MAF Mass Air Flow 质量空气流量MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure 歧管绝对压力MAT Manifold AirTemperature 歧管空气温度MCS Mixture Control Solenoid 混合气控制电磁线圈MCU Microprocessor Control Unit 微处理器控制单元MFI Muhipoint Fuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射MFE MultipointFuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射Mil Malfunction lndicator Lamp 故障指示灯M ／S Manual Steering 手( 机械式) 转向MAF Mass Air Flow Sensor 空气流量计M ／T Manual Transmission 手动变速箱MCK Motor Check 马达检示MAX Maximum 极大值MIN Minimum 极小值MPI Multi Point lnjection 多点喷射NPS Neutral Position Switch 空挡开关N Neutral 空转位置( 空挡)NOX Nitrogen Oxides of 氮氧化合物02S Oxygen Sensor 含氧传感器P ／N Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置P ／S Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向压力开关PCM Power train Control Module 动力控制模块PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风PFI Port Fuel lnjection 进气门口燃油喷射PIP Position lndicator Pulse 曲轴位置传感器PNP Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置PROM Programmable Read Only Memory 可编程只读存储器PSP Power Steering Pressure 动力转向压力PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向油压开关p Park 停车PSAI Pulsed Secondary Air lnjection 脉动式二次空气喷射PGM —FI Programmed —fuel lnjection 程式控制燃料喷射PGM —IG Programmed lgnition 程式化点火PMR Pump Motor Relay 由泵马达继电器PSW Pressure Switch 压力开关PSF Power Steering Fluid 动力转向油Qty Quantity 数量RAM Random Access Memory 随机存储器RM Relay Module 继电器模块ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器RR Rear Right 右后RHD Right Handle Drive 右侧驾驶REF Reference 参考RL Rear Left 左后SBEC Single Board Engine Control 单板发动机控制SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel lnjection 次序电控燃油喷射SFI Sequential Fuel lnjection 次序燃油喷射'SMEC Single Module Engine Control 单片发动机控制SPI Single Point lnjection 单点喷射SAE Society of Automotive Engineers 美国汽车工程师学会SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft 顶置单凸轮轴SOI Solenoid 线圈SPEC Specification 规格S ／R Sun Roof 遮阳板SRS Supplemental Restrgint System 安全气囊STD Standard 标准SW Switch 切换开关SCS Service Check Signal 维修检示信号SEC Second 秒、第二TB Throttle Body 节流阀体TBI Throttle Body Fuel lnjectlon 节流阀体燃油喷射TC Turbocharger 涡轮增压器TCM Transmission Control Module 变速器控制模块TP ThrottlePosition 节气门位置TPS Throttle Position Sensor 节气门位置传感器TPS Throttle Position Switch 节气门位置开关TPI Tuned Port lnjection 进气口喷射TWC Three Way Catalytic Converter 三元催化反应器T Torque 扭力TDC Top Dead Center 上死点TDCL Test Diagnostic Communication Link 自诊接头T ／N Tool Number 工具编号TCC Torque Convertor Clutch 变扭器离合器TRC Traction Control 牵引控制VAF Volume Air Flow 体积空气流量VAT Vane AirTemperature 进气温度VCC Viscous Converter Clutch 变扭离合器VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor 车速传感器VSV Vacuum Solenoid Valve 真空电磁阀VTEC Variable Valve Timing Valve Lift 可变式气门正时VC Viscous Coupling 粘性偶和VIN Vehicle ldentification Number 车身号码( 出厂号码)VVIS Variable Volume Intake System 可变进气系统1、ACC 发动机不工作时可以单纯使用的了附件如收放机、点烟器，发动机工作时也可以接入2、锁止LOCK 钥匙开关锁住转向盘，使转向机构失灵3、电源控制ON OFF 钥匙开关接通车上电源钥匙开关关断车上电源4、启动START或S 钥匙开关启动发动机5、预热CLOW或H 钥匙开关使发动机通过电预热6、电压VOLT 电压表符号，其指示值可以说明蓄电池充放电情况7、液面刻度FULL或F LOW或L 用于油标尺，油杯刻度线FULL：最高LOW：最低8、暖风/冷气节气门HOT-COLD WARM COOL CHOKE 冷暖转换开关指示暖水阀开关及暖风道挡位冷气机开关及冷风道挡位节气门操纵手柄指示9、发动机超速ENGINE O/RUN 当柴油机转速超过规定转速时报警指示灯，红色10、倒车镜MIRROR L.....R 自动调整方向的后视镜控制开关指示L：向左R：向右11、过热指示灯OVER HEAT 当发动机冷却系水温超过规定温度时，报警指示灯亮，红色13、粗滤器，燃油管路指示灯FUEL 燃油粗滤器和燃油管路发生堵塞时，报警指示灯亮，红光14、冷却水位指示灯WATER LEVEL 当冷却水低于某一限度时，报警指示灯亮，红色15、空气压力AIR 当制动系统贮气筒气压低于某一限度时灯亮，红光16、自动变速器挡位P D 2 RN L 挡位指示灯P：停车制动D：正常驾驶位置可自动变换1、2、3、4挡2：用于发动机制动的位置R：倒挡N：空挡L：用于较强的发动机制动位置17、仪表板灯光PANEL LIGHTS 仪表板照明灯调光开关指示18、音调TONE 音调控制钮指示（调高低音）19、调谐TRUNING或TUNE 收音机频率调谐旋钮指示20、平衡控制BAL或ALANCE 收放机左右声道平衡控制旋钮指示，用于控制左右扬声器音量21、自动变速器ECT 电子控制自动变速器22、防抱死制动ABS 电子控制防抱死制动系统23、超速挡O/D 超速行驶指示灯24、一般变速器M/T 手动变速器25、怠速ISC 怠速控制26、停车制动PKB 停车制动指示灯标志27、电喷EFI 电子控制燃油喷射系统28、方向盘RHD，LHD 右方向盘左方向盘29、模块ECU 电子控制车门锁开关指示30、车门锁DOOR LOCK 中央控制、车门锁开关指示31、全驱动4WD 4轮驱动（4X4）指示灯标志32、ACC 自动空气控制33、A/C（AC）空调器34、AmP 电流表35、ASCD 自动变速控制36、ATC 温度自动变速器37、A/T 自动变速器38、BAT 蓄电池39、BLANK 空（不用）40、BODY GROUND 车身搭铁41、CECU 综合污染交货装置42、CONN 连接器43、DIODE二级管44、DOHC 双顶置凸轮轴45、EAI 补充空气吸入装置46、ECCS 微机集中控制系统47、EGR 废气再循环48、ENGINE GROUND 发动机搭铁49、FECD 快怠速控制装置50、FLASH 闪光51、FRT 前52、FUEL 燃油（燃油表）53、FUSE 熔断器54、FUSIBLE LINK 熔线55、GEAR SEL.LT 挡位指示灯56、HAZ 危险57、INST.LT 指示灯58、KEY BUZ 钥匙蜂鸣器59、LED 发光二级管60、NORM 正常61、OHC 顶置式凸轮轴62、OHV 顶置式气门63、OIL 机油（机油表）64、RADIO GRD 由音机搭铁65、REAR 后66、RESISTANCE WIRE 电阻线67、RESISTOR 电阻68、RESISTOR WIRE 电阻线69、SCS 制动防抱死控制70、SEAT BELT BUZZER 安全带蜂鸣器71、SHIELDED 屏蔽线72、SPARE LEAD 备用接头73、SOHC 单顶置凸轮轴74、SPARE WIRE 备用线75、SW 开关76、TCS 变速器挡位控制（速度控制）77、TDC 上止点78、TEMP 水温表79、THEFT DETERRENT 防盗报警器80、TO AC(TOA/C) 接空调器81、TO A/T CONNECTOR 接A/T连接器82、TO A/T RELAY 接A/T继电器83、TO A/T SWITCH 接A/T 开关84、TO AUX HEATER 接辅助暖风机85、TO BDY CON 接车身连接器86、TO BUZZER 接蜂鸣器TO CLOCK 接电钟87、TO ELS 接冷启动阀88、TO FOG LT 接雾灯89、TO FOG LT RLY 接雾灯继电器90、TO FOG LT SW 接雾灯开关91、TO FUEL PUMP 接燃油泵92、TO FUSE 接熔断器93、HEATED R/W 接后除霜器94、TO IGN SW LT 接点火开关指示灯95、INST PNL COURT LT 接仪表板控制灯96、TO KEY BUZZER 接钥匙蜂鸣器97、OIL TEMP IND 接机油温度指示灯98、TO OIL TEMP SW 接机油温度开关99、TO POW ANT 接电动天线100、TO POW WIN 接电动窗101、RADIO 接收音机102、RADIO LT（LIGHTS）接收音机指示灯103、RLY 接继电器104、SEAT BELT 接安全带105、SEAT BELT ACIUATOR 接安全带控制器106、WEAT BELT BUZZER 接安全带蜂鸣器107、SUN ROOF 接遮阳顶108、TRAIL SOC 接尾灯连接器109、WINDOW MOR（MOTOR）接门窗电动机110、TSC 信号变换器111、UNLK 开锁112、VENT 通风113、WASH 洗涤。
内齿块式径向调绳离合器装置设计
摘要提升机是矿山大型固定设备之一，是联系井下与地面的主要运输工具，在矿山生产建设中起着重要的作用。
矿井提升机主要用于煤矿、金属矿和非金属矿中提升煤炭、矿石和矸石、升降人员、下放材料、工具和设备。
矿井提升机与压气、通风和排水设备组成矿井四大固定设备，是一套复杂的机械——电气排组。
所以合理的选用矿井提升机具有很大的意义。
矿井提升机的工作特点是在一定的距离内，以较高的速度往复运行。
为保证提升工作高效率和安全可靠，矿井提升机应具有良好的控制设备和完善的保护装置。
矿井提升机在工作中一旦发生机械和电器故障，就会严重地影响到矿井的生产，甚至造成人身伤亡。
熟悉矿井提升机的性能、结构和动作原理，提高安装质量，合理使用设备，加强设备维护，对于确保提升工作高效率和安全可靠，防止和杜绝故障及事故的发生，具有重大意义。
双滚筒在大型煤矿上广泛应用，提升人员和物料的效率非常高。
绳索在两个滚筒上的缠绕方向相反，所以两个载重室的运动方向相反。
但是，随着长时间的运转，绳索受到力的作用而产生拉长变形。
因此，导致载重室不能准确的回的初始位置。
所以，调绳离合器的作用就凸显起来。
径向齿轮离合器目前广泛使用，但由于结构复杂,加大了轴向长度，增加了设备的重量,设备本身的成本较高。
结合径向齿轮离合器的特点，我们设计了一种把原内齿圈做成内齿块，原齿块和固定毂合为一个外齿轮毂，为主要结构的新型多齿块径向手动离合器。
两个滚筒一个是活动的，一个是固定的。
在活动滚筒的所在轴上安装离合器。
该离合器主要由：外齿轮毂、内齿块、拉杆机构等组成。
内齿块两端的滑槽与活动滚筒的腹板连成一体。
正常提升时，内齿块与外齿轮毂啮合。
动力从主轴传递到外齿轮毂，再到内齿块上，通过两侧滑槽传递到活动滚筒上。
主轴带动滚筒一起转动，完成提升或下放任务。
调节绳长时，固定活动滚筒后，转动内齿块上方的螺杆，拉动内齿块沿滑槽移动，与外齿轮毂脱开。
依次把几个内齿块都脱离外齿轮毂后，主轴就与活动滚筒脱离开来，即可进行调绳操作。
矿用自卸车离合器膜片弹簧优化设计
矿用自卸车离合器膜片弹簧优化设计周军超;田建平;廖映华;祝军军【摘要】根据膜片弹簧的结构特点,建立以膜片弹簧在摩擦片磨损极限内仍然有可靠的弹簧预紧力和驾驶员轻便型为共同优化目标函数的双目标函数模型的数学模型.根据此模型,提出一种改进的算法,即将遗传算法与复合形法合而为一.最后,通过对某宽体矿用车膜片弹簧优化模型进行实例分析,并与其他优化方法进行比较分析.研究结果表明,利用新的算法计算出的膜片弹簧具有更好的压稳性和操纵轻便性.【期刊名称】《机械设计与制造》【年(卷),期】2016(000)003【总页数】3页(P193-195)【关键词】矿用自卸车离合器;膜片弹簧;改进遗传算法;优化设计【作者】周军超;田建平;廖映华;祝军军【作者单位】四川理工学院机械工程学院,四川自贡643000;四川理工学院机械工程学院,四川自贡643000;四川理工学院机械工程学院,四川自贡643000;北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TH16;TD402;U463.211矿用自卸车主要用于露天矿土方剥离、运输等。
在离合器的应用之时，鉴于负重较大、地面情况不良、往返距离不足、超负荷等一系列原因，常常会导致离合器使用过程中存在分离不彻底、起步抖动、离合器打滑等[1]问题，造成以上的故障，通常是由于该装置的运行压力、踏板深度等诸多指标的设计不够完善，而膜片弹簧则是其中的核心组件，因此对其进行优化设计具有重要工程实际意义。
遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm，简称GA），是一类用于实现全局搜索优化的手段，具有简单通用、鲁棒性强等优点，已被广泛应用求解工程优化问题。
文献[1]针对矿用自卸车离合器膜片弹簧采用matlab优化工具箱进行优化分析；文献[2]针对膜片弹簧的弹性特性提出了新的数学优化函数；文献[3-6]利用遗传算法对汽车离合器膜片弹簧优化分析。
但是实际运行表明，GA在进行优化的时候，对于局部位置的搜索准确度较低，而且较易导致早熟的缺陷。
MPM和PQF轧管工艺
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钢铁研究
第 36 卷
电能消耗比浮动芯棒连轧管机低 1/ 3 。 (4) 扩大产品规格 。由于采用了限动芯棒轧
制 ,可以减小芯棒的长度 ,允许加大芯棒的直径 , 为多规格产品的生产创造了条件 ,使生产钢管的 最大直径由 177. 8 mm 扩大到了 365 mm ,甚至更 大 。另外 ,限动芯棒连轧机还能轧制更厚或更薄 的管子 。
(5) 延伸系数大 。封闭式圆孔型的采用以及 由此而获得的均匀变形 ,使得 M PM 轧管工艺的 总延伸系数可达到 10 以上 。与浮动芯棒连续轧 管工艺相比 ,这意味着 M PM 工艺可以采用壁厚 更厚的空心坯和更高的始轧温度 。由于始轧温度 的提高 ,钢的变形抗力和摩擦力下降 ,因此单位轧 制力也就降低 。
住友钢管厂 天津钢管厂 住友金属工艺公司
作者简介 :周晓锋 (1979 - ) ,男 ,河北昌黎人 ,硕士 ,主要从事轧管工艺的研究.
第3期
周晓锋 :M PM 和 PQ F 轧管工艺
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1 MPM 工艺
1. 1 M PM 生产工艺流程
采用 M PM 工艺轧管时 ,经穿孔延伸的毛管 , 抽出顶杆后被送至硼砂站 ,由一特制的喷嘴向毛 管内部喷入硼砂 ,其作用是 :吹掉毛管内部的氧化 铁皮 ;硼砂在高温状态下生成雾状气体 ,充满管 内 ,防止在随后的运动中空气进入 ,使内表面产生 二氧化碳 。吹硼砂后毛管由回转臂送至连轧管机 芯棒预穿线 。
(1) 第一变形阶段采用锥形辊式穿孔机 ;
基于PLC的调试压力机安全控制系统
CFHI TECHNOLOGY摘要：介绍某2400t 调试机械压力机的安全控制系统与安全功能方案。
该控制系统使用罗克韦尔1756系列高性能安全PLC 作为控制器，罗克韦尔15寸触摸屏作为人机交互界面。
同时配置急停按钮、安全光幕、滑块锁、安全桩、多功能报警柱灯、双手操作按钮等一系列安全装置，提高该压力机的安全性，确保模修人员的生命安全。
此外，其控制系统采用LAD 语言编程，优化控制程序，既保证稳定性又易于维护。
关键词：压力机；PLC ；安全控制中图分类号：TG305；TP273.5文献标识码：B文章编号：1673-3355（2020）05-0013-04PLC-Based Safety Control System for Commissioning Presses Lan ShuaiAbstract:The paper describes the safety control system and safety function of a 2400t commissioning mechanical press.The control system uses Rockwell's 1756series high performance safety PLC as controller and Rockwell's 15-in touch screen as human-machine interface as well as a series of safety devices,such as emergency stop button,safety light curtain,slider lock,safety pile,multi-function alarm post lamp,two-hand operation button,to protect the press and die repair personnel safe.The control system is programmed with LAD language and optimized for higher stability and easier maintenance.Key words:press ；PLC ；safety control大型机械压力机自动化冲压线是目前汽车行业的主流发展趋势，相比于原来的人工冲压生产线在生产效率、人工成本和安全性上都有明显优势。
汽车英语缩略词
常用汽车英语缩略语A/ C Air Conditioning 空调A / T Automatic Transaxle (Transmission) 自动变速器ACC Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器ACT Air Charge Temperature 进气温度AFC Air Flow control 空气流量控制AFS Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器AI Air Injection 空气喷射ACL Air Cleaner 空气滤清器AIV Air Injection Valve 空气喷射阀ALCL Assembly Line Communication Link 诊断总线ALDL Assembly Line Diagnostic Link 自诊断接线总成ALT Alternator 交流发电机APS Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器ATS Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器AP Accelerator Pedal 油门踏板ABS Anti-lock Brake System 防抱死刹车系统ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液A/F Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料混合比AMP Ampere(S) 安培( 电流强度) ATDC After Top Dead Center 上止点后AUTO Automatic 自动ATT Attachment 附件ALR Automatic Locking Retractor 自动锁紧式伸缩装置B+ Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极BARO Barometric Pressure 大气压力Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BARO Sensor/BPBAT Battery 电瓶, 蓄电池BTDC Before Top Dead Center 上止点前BDC Bottom Dead Center 下止点CMP Camshaft Position 凸轮轴位置CARB Carburetor 化油器CCC Computer Command Control 电脑指令控制CDI Capacitive Discharge Ignition 电容放电式点火CMFI Central Multiport Fuel Injection 中央多点燃油喷射CES Clutch Engage Switch 离合器接合开关CFI Central Fuel Injection 中央燃油喷射CFI Continuous Fuel Injection 连续燃油喷射系统CID Cylinder Identification Sensor 汽缸识别传感器CIS Continuous Injection System 连续喷射系统CKP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CKPS Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CL Closed Loop 闭环控制CP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CPP Clutch Pedal Position 离合器踏板位置CPS Camshaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CTP Closed Throttle Position 节气门关闭位置CTS Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器CYP Cylinder Position 汽缸位置CAT Catalytic Converter 触酶转换器CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳CYL Cylinder 汽缸CPC Clutch Pressure Control 离合器压力控制CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CHG Charge 充电或进气D —Getronics Multiport Fuel Injection D D型多点燃油喷射DLC Data Link Connector 自诊断插座DFI Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射DI Direct Injection 直接喷射DI Distributor Ignition 分电器点火DID Direct Injection — Diesel 柴油直接喷射DTM Diagnostic Test Mode 诊断测试模式DTC Diagnose tic Trouble Code 诊断故障码DLI Distributor-less Ignition 无分电器点火DS Detonation Sensor 爆震传感器DIFF Differential 差速器DOHC Double Overhead Camshaft 顶置双凸轮轴DPI Dual Point Injection 两点喷射DRL Daytime Running Light 白天行驶灯E2PROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read可以擦写的只读存储器Only MemoryEAT Electronic Automatic Transmission ／电控自动变速器TransaxleEC Exhaust Valve Closes 排气门关闭ECA Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成ECM Engine Control Module 发动机控制模块ECT Engine Coolant Temperature 发动机冷却水温传感器EDIS Electronic Distributor-less Ignition电子无分电器点火系统SystemEEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制EFI Electronic Fuel Injection 电控燃油喷射EGOS Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 废气氧传感器EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环EGRV Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve 废气再循环阀EGS Exhaust Gas Sensor 排气传感器ESA Electronic Spark Advance 电子点火提前ESAC Electronic Spark Advance Control 电子点火提前控制EST Electronic Spark Timing 电子点火正时EVAP Evaporative System 燃油蒸发系统EX Exhaust 排气ELD Electrical Load Detector 电子负载检测器EPS Electrical Power Steering 电子动力转向FC Fan Control 风扇控制FP Fuel Pump 燃油泵FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动FR Front Engine Rear Drive前置发动机后轮驱动FF Front Engine Front Drive 前置发动机前轮驱动FSR Fail Safe Relay 失效安全继电器FI Fuel Injection 汽油喷射GAL Gallon 加仑(容（体）积单位) GRP Glass Reinforced Plastic 玻璃增强塑料, 玻璃钢GT Grand Touring Car 跑车H ／B Hatchback 掀背式H02S Heated Oxygen Sensor 加热型氧气传感器HC Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物IA Intake Axis输入轴IAT Intake Air Temperature 进气温度IATS Intake Air Temperature Sensor 进气温度传感器IAC Idle Air Control 怠速控制IACV Idle Air control Valve 怠速空气控制阀ICM Ignition Control Module 点火控制模块ISC Idle Speed Control 怠速控制IAB Intake Air Bypass 进气歧管IAR Intake Air Resonator 进气共鸣器IMA Idle Mixture Adjustment 怠速混合比调整IMPS Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 进气歧管压力传感器IN Intake 进气IG Ignition 点火燃烧I ．D ．Inside Diameter 内径KAM Keep Alive Memory 磨损修正系数存储器KS Knock Sensor 爆震传感器LHD Left Handle Drive 左侧驾驶L ／C Lock — up Clutch 锁止离合器LF Left Front 左前LSD Limited Slip Differential 防滑差速器LR Left Rear 左后L 一4 In Line Four Cylinder(engine) 直列式4 汽缸( 发动机) LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管M ／C Mixture Control 混合气控制器MAF Mass Air Flow （Sensor）空气流量计MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure 进气歧管绝对压力MAT Manifold Air Temperature 歧管进气温度MCS Mixture Control Solenoid 混合气控制电磁线圈MCU Microprocessor Control Unit 微处理器控制单元MFI Multi-point Fuel Injection 多点燃油喷射MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp 故障指示灯M ／S Manual Steering 人力转向M ／T Manual Transmission 手动变速箱MCK Motor Check 检查电动机MAX Maximum 极大值MIN Minimum 极小值MPI Multi Point Injection 多点喷射NPS Neutral Position Switch 空挡开关N Neutral 空转位置( 空挡) NOX Nitrogen Oxides of 氮氧化合物02S Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器P ／N Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置P ／S Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向压力开关PCM Power train Control Module 动力控制模块PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风PFI Port Fuel Injection 进气燃油式喷射系统PIP Position Indicator Pulse 曲轴位置传感器PNP Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置PROM Programmable Read Only Memory 可编程只读存储器PSP Power Steering Pressure 动力转向压力PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向油压开关P Park 停车PSAI Pulsed Secondary Air Injection 脉动式二次空气喷射PGM — FI Programmed — Fuel Injection 程序控制燃料喷射PGM — IG Programmed Ignition 程序控制点火PMR Pump Motor Relay 由泵马达继电器PSW Pressure Switch 压力开关PSF Power Steering Fluid 动力转向油RM Relay Module 继电器模块ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器RR Rear Engine Rear Drive 后置发动机后轮驱动方式RHD Right Handle Drive 右侧驾驶REF Reference 参考RL Rear Left 左后SBEC Single Board Engine Control 单板发动机控制SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection 次序电控燃油喷射SFI Sequential Fuel Injection 次序燃油喷射系统SMEC Single Module Engine Control 单片发动机控制SPI Single Point Injection 单点喷射SAE Society of Automotive Engineers 美国汽车工程师学会SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft 单顶置凸轮轴SOI Solenoid 电磁线圈SPEC Specification 规格S ／R Sun Roof 遮阳板SRS Supplemental Restraint System 安全气囊STD Standard 标准SW Switch 切换开关SCS Service Check Signal 维修检示信号SUV Sport Utility Vehicle 越野车TB Throttle Body 节流阀体TBI Throttle Body Fuel Injection 单点喷射TC Turbocharger 涡轮增压器TCM Transmission Control Module 变速器控制模块TP Throttle Position 节气门位置TPS Throttle Position Sensor 节气门位置传感器TPS Throttle Position Switch 节气门位置开关TPI Tuned Port Injection 调整进气道燃油喷射系统TWC Three Way Catalytic Converter 三元催化反应器TDC Top Dead Center 上止点TDCL Test Diagnostic Communication Link 自诊断数据线T ／N Tool Number 工具编号TCC Torque Convertor Clutch 变扭器离合器TRC Traction Control 牵引控制VAF Vane Air Flow 叶片式空气流量计VAT Vane Air Temperature 进气温度VCC Viscous Converter Clutch 粘性离合器VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor 车速传感器VSV Vacuum Solenoid Valve 真空电磁阀VTEC Variable Valve Timing and Valve LiftElectronic Control System 可变气门正时和升程电子控制系统VC Viscous Coupling 粘性耦合VIN Vehicle Identification Number 车辆识别号码VVIS Variable Volume Intake System 可变进气系统。
东风日产培训骐达09.pptx
1. CSC (同轴从缸) 4. 支架
2. 离合器管 5. 主缸
3. 离合器缓冲器
5
安全措施
采用离合器互锁开关可使发动机在没有踩下离合器踏板之前无法启动。
1. 离合器踏板
2.
4. 离合器互锁开关 *1
5.
7. 踏板限位器橡胶
*1：安装了按钮式点火开关系统
*2：安装了 ASCD 或按钮式点火开关系统
8
4. 维修要点
倒车灯开关和驻车/空挡位置开关 (RS5F91R)
倒车灯开关检查
端子 1-2
档位 倒档 除倒档外
导通性 存在 不存在
驻车/空档位置开关检查
端子 2-3
档位 空档 除空档外
导通性 存在 不存在
9
4. 维修要点
倒车灯开关和驻车/空挡位置开关 (RS6F94R)
倒车灯开关检查
端子 1-2
• 5、You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. ----Charles Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Wednesday, August 5, 2020August 20Wednesday, August 5, 20208/5/2020
3. 控制轴总成 6. 选择电缆 9. 控制杆
1. 支架 4. 换档杆 7. 选择电缆 10. 控制杆
2. 换档电缆 5. 攻丝螺栓 8. 索环 11. 控制杆手柄
3. 选档杆 6. 电缆固定支架 9. 控制装置总成
11
4. 维修要点
推荐手动变速箱油
RS5F91R
正品日产手动变速箱油 (MTF) HQ Multi 75W-85 或同等产品
电驱动桥关键技术综述
2021年第6期【摘要】对电动汽车电驱动桥的研究现状及关键技术进行了综述。
首先介绍了电驱动桥的分类及各自特点，然后分别从构型、结构、换挡控制方面凝练了电驱动桥急需攻关的共性关键技术，对比分析了不同多挡化构型的组成特点、轻量化集成化结构设计方法、智能换挡控制技术，最后总结得出多挡化、轻量化、集成化以及多目标控制是电驱动桥未来的发展趋势。
主题词：电动汽车电驱动桥轻量化多挡化智能化集成化中图分类号：U469.7文献标识码：A DOI:10.19620/ki.1000-3703.20200996Review on Key Technologies of Electric Drive AxlesWang Jianhua,Huang Jianfei,Jin Di（Jilin University,Changchun 130022）【Abstract 】The paper reviews the research status and key technologies of electric drive axles for electric vehicles.Firstly,it introduces the classification and characteristics of electric drive axles,then summarizes the key technologies of electric drive axles that need to be tackled in configuration,structure and gearshift control,the paper further compares and analyzes composition characteristics,lightweight integration structure design method and intelligent gearshift control technology of different multi-speed axle configurations.The paper finally points out that multi-speed,lightweight,integration and multi-target control are the future development trends of electric drive axles.Key words:Electric vehicle,Electric drive axle,Lightweight,Multi-speed,Intelligentization,Integration王建华黄剑飞靳迪（吉林大学，长春130022）电驱动桥关键技术综述*汽车技术·Automobile Technology1前言电驱动桥是针对电动汽车设计的一种机电一体化驱动系统，具有集成化程度高、体积小、能耗低等优点[1]。
汽修中常见部件英文缩写
汽车维修当中，经常碰到汽车英语，我们一直很难搞明白，现在分享一些给大家收藏哦。
玻璃升降器 WINDOW GLASS LIFTER横拉杆总成 TIE ROD ASSY尾门撑杆 BACK DOOR STAY ASSY机油塞 OIL PRESSURE SENSOR水温塞 WATER TEMPERATURE SENSOR全车锁 DOOR LOCK ASSY化油器修理包 CARBUTOR REPAIR FITTING直拉杆总成 DRAG LINK ASSY机油泵 OILD PUMP汽油泵 FUEL PUMP节温塞 THERMOSTAT SENSOR大修包 COMPLETE GASKET SET汽缸垫 GASKET水泵 WATER PUMP活塞环 PISTON RING上球头 BALL JOINT-UPPER离合器压板 CLUTCH COVER ASSY横拉杆球头 TIE ROD JOINT付邦呔 IDLER ARM缸套 CYLINDER LINER活塞 PISTON十字接头，万向接头 UNIVERSAL JOINT 下球头 BALL JOINT-LOWER分火线 DISTRIBUTOR时规链条 TIMING CHAIN主邦呔 PITMAN ARM汽门导管 VALVE GUIDE进汽门（口） INLET VALVE（PORT）分火盖 DISTRIBUTOR CAP悬挂臂 FORK ARM刹车总泵 BRAKE MASTER CYLINDER时规修理包 TIMING REPAIR FITTING 离合器总泵 CLUTCH MASTER CYLINDER 离合器分泵 CLUTCH SLAVE CYLINDER 中间横拉杆 CENTER LINK ASSY减震器 ABSORBER链顶 TENSION刹车分泵 BRAKE WHEEL CYLINDER石棉 ASBESTOS传感器 SENSOR避震机顶胶 RUBBER BUSHING电子控制装置 ECU绝热 HEAT ISOLATING时规链挡板 CHAIN GUIDE点火分电器机油滤清器 OIL FILTER导轨 RAIL四冲程发动机循环 FOUR-STROKE ENGINE CYCLE 排汽门（口） EXHAUST VALVE（PORT）燃油箱 FUEL TANK曲轴 CRANKSHAFT压缩 COMPRESS进汽歧管 INTAKE MANIFOLD火花塞 SPARK PLUG摇臂罩 ROCKER ARM COVER连杆 CONNECTING ROD燃烧室 COMBUSTION CHAMBER齿圈 RING GEAR膨胀 EXPANSION飞轮 FLYING WHEEL凸轮轴室 CAMSHAFT HOUSING销 PIN曲轴带轮 CRANKSHAFT PULLEY机体 ENGINE BLOCK汽缸盖 CYLINDER HEAD正时齿轮盖 TIMING COVER凸轮链轮 CAMSHAFT SPROKET辅助驱动轴 ACCESSORY DRIVE SHAFT油底壳 SUMP曲轴箱 CRANK CASE汽门弹簧 VALVE SPRING螺栓 BOLT吸油管 OIL PICKUP PIPE滤网 STRAINER正时带 TIMING BELT衬垫 GASKET垫片 WASHER后主轴承 REAR MAIN BEARING 油底壳衬垫雨刷 WIPER BLADE汽门阀座 VALVE SEAT碟式 DISCS鼓式 DRUMS弹簧 SRPING弄 ALLEY巷 LANE凸轮 CAM手动变速 MT无级变速 CVT程序控制燃油喷射 PGM-FI可变气门正时及升程电子控制 VTEC 可变正时控制 VTC顶置单凸轮轴 SOHC顶置双凸轮轴 DOHC智能安全带辅助装置 I-SRS防抱死系统 ABS智能式牵引力控制系统 TCS 电子制动力分配装置 EBD可变气门正时系统 S-VT动态稳定控制系统 DSC手动 MT自动 AT前轮驱动 FWD全时四轮驱动 AWD电控多点燃油喷射发动机 MPI 发动机型式 ENGINE TYPE排量 DISPLACEMENT缸径 CYLINDER BORE行程 STROKE最大功率 MAX. OUTPUT扭距 TORQUE变速器 TRANSMISSION最高速度 MAS. SPEED油耗 FUEL CONSUMPTION真空助力器 VACUUM BOOSTER动力转向器 POWER STEERING GEAR前悬架 FRONT SUSPENSION传动轴 DRIVE SHAFT盘式制动器 CALIPER DISC BRAKE车身 BODY内饰件 INTERIOR TRIM PARTS后悬架 REAR SUSPENSION鼓式制动器 DRUM BRAKE正时齿形带护罩 TIMING TOOTHES BELT SHIELD空调压缩机 A/C COMPRESSOR空调压缩机带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, A/C COMPRESSOR多楔带 MULTI-WEDGE BELT曲轴带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, CRANKSHAFT张紧轮 TENSIONER发电机带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, ALTERNATOR导向轮 GUIDE PULLEY动力转向油泵 POWER STEERING PUMP动力转向泵带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, POWER STEERING PUMP 发电机 ALTERNATOR进气歧管 INTAKE MANIFOLD油尺 DIPSTICK燃油分配管 FUEL RAIL气缸盖罩 CYLINDER HEAD COVER正时齿形带 TIMING TOOTHES BELT凸轮轴正时齿形带轮 TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CAMSHAFT水泵齿形带轮 TOOTHED PULLEY, WATER PUMP曲轴正时齿形带动轮 TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CARANKSHAFT 机油泵链 ROLLER CHAIN, OIL PUMP机油泵 OIL PUMP曲轴 CRANKSHAFT气缸体 CYLINDER BLOCK液压挺柱 HYDRAULIC TAPPET凸轮轴 CAMSHAFT喷油器 FUEL INJECTOR限压阀 OIL PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE机油盘 OIL PAN凸轮轴油封 CAMSHAFT SEAL半圆键 WOODRUFF KEY挺柱体 TAPPET BODY气门锁片 VALVE LOCK SPLIT上气门弹簧座 UPPER VALVE SPRING RETAINER气门弹簧 VALVE SPRING气门油封 VALVE SEAL气门导管 VALVE STEM GUIDE进气门座 INTAKE VALVE SEAT曲轴链轮 CRANKSHAFT SROCKET主轴承上轴瓦 UPPER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING连杆大头上轴瓦 UPPER BEARING BUSH, BIG END OF CONNECTING ROD 连杆小头上轴瓦 BEARING BUSH, SMALL END OF CONNECTING ROD卡环 SNAP RING正时传动 TIMING DRIVE活塞销 PISTIN PIN第一道气环 TOP COMPRESSION RING第二道气环 SECOND COMPRESSION RING油环 OIL CONTROL RING连杆螺栓 CONNECTING ROD BOLT飞轮 FLYWHEEL转速传感器脉冲轮 PULSE WHEEL, SPEED SENSOR连杆大头下轴瓦 LOWER BEARING BUSH, BIG END OF CONNECTING ROD 连杆盖 CONNECTING ROD CAP连杆螺母 CONNECTING ROD NUT止推片 THRUST HALFRING主轴承下轴瓦 LOWER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING简图 SKETCH周围空气 AMBIENT AIR空气滤清器 AIR CLEANER排气歧管 EXHAUST MANIFOLD进气软管 INTAKE HOSE双排气管 TWIN EXHAUST PIPES三元催化净化器 THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER 中间消声器 MID-MUFFLER主消声器 MAIN MUFFLER隔热软垫 HEAT-INSULATED SWELLING MAT陶瓷催化反应体 CERAMIC CATALYTIC CONVERTER 壳体 HOUSING纸质滤芯 PAPRT CARTRIDGE空滤器上壳体 UPPER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER空滤器下壳体 LOWER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER带粗滤器进气管组件 AIR INLET UNIT WITH SIEVE护罩 SHIELD散热器 RADIATOR电动风扇 E;ECTRIC FANS齿形带带轮 TOOTHED BELT PULLEY气缸体水套 WATER JACKET, CYLINDER BLOCK气缸盖水套 WATER JACKET, CYLINDER HEAD发动机水套排气管 BLEEDING HOSE, ENGINE JACKET节气门热水管 HOT WATER PIPE, THROTTLE VALVE膨胀箱管 RESERVIOR CAP冷却液下橡胶软管 LOWER HOSE, RADIATOR OUTLET散热器排气管 BLEEDING HOSE, RADIATOR冷却液上橡胶软管 UPPER HOSE, RADIATOR INLET电动风扇双速热敏敏开关 DUAL-SPEED THERMAL SWITCH, ELECTRIC FAN 水泵总成 WATER PUMP ASSEMBLY水泵叶轮 IMPELLER, WATER PUMP球轴承 BALL BEARINGO形密封圈 O-RING水泵壳体 HOUSING, WATER PUMP圆柱滚子轴承 ROLLER BEARING节温器 THERMOSTAT节温器芯 THERMOSTATIC CORE阀 VALVE阀座 VALVE BASE原理 PRINCIPLE加机油口盖 OILD FILLER CAP凸轮轴轴颈 CAMSHAFT JOURNAL主油道 MAIN OIL GALLERY连杆油道 OIL CIRCUIT, CONNECTING ROD曲轴油道 OIL CIRCUIT, CRANKSHAFT油压开关 OIL PRESSURE SWITCH单向阀 CHECK VALVE旁通安全阀 BYPASS RELIEF VALVE当滤芯堵塞时 IN CASE OF PLUGGING CARTRIDGE溢流阀 OVERFLOW VALVE机油泵链轮 SPROCKET, OIL PUMP曲柄销轴颈 JOURNAL, CRANK PIN曲轴主轴颈 MAIN JOURNAL, CRANKSHAFT活性炭罐电磁阀 CHARCOAL CANISTER-PURGE VALVE带输出驱动级的点火线圈组件 IGNITION TRANSFORMER UNIT WITH OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE相位传感器 PHASE SENSOR燃油压力调节器 FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR节气门控制部件 THROTTLE VALVE CONTROL UNIT空气质量计 AIR MASS METER氧传感器 LAMBDA SENSOR冷却液温度传感器 COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR爆震传感器 KNOCK SENSOR发动机转速传感器 ENGINE SPEED SENSOR进气温度传感器 INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR发动机控制单元 ENGINE CONTROL UNIT传感器插头支架 SUPPORTER FOR SENSORS CONNECTORS加燃油口 FILLER回油管 FUEL RETURN PIPE供油管 FUEL FEED PIPE燃油箱油气排放管 PIPE OF EVAPORATIVE EMISSION FROM FUEL TANK 喷孔板 ORIFICE PLATE阀座 VALVE SEAT插头 ELECTRIC TERMINALS滤网 STRAINER进油管与阀体组件 INLET TUBE&SEAT CARRIER UNIT电磁线圈 SOLENOID COIL阀针(带衔铁) VALVE NEEDLE WITH SOLENOID ARMATURE 回油管嘴 NOZZLE OF RETURN FUEL下盖 LOWER COVER阀球 VALVE BALL上盖 UPPER COVER膜片 DIAPHRAGM油塞 PLUG滤芯 CARTRIDGE滤网 GAUZE磁铁 MAGNET下端盖 LOWER COVER电枢 ARMATURE出油阀 OUTLET CHECK VALVE活性炭罐 CHAROAL CANISTER火花塞 SPARK PLUGS第3缸点火线接头 CONNECTOR OF RESISTIVE CABLE FOR CYLINDER NO.3 功率输出驱动级 OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE高压端头 HIGH-VOLTAGE TERMINAL次级线圈 SECONDARY WINDING点火线圈壳体 HOUSING初级线圈 PRIMARY WINDING铁心 LAMINATED IRON CORE混合电路盒 HYBRID-CIRCUIT BOX金属热膜元件 METALLIC HOT-FILM ELEMENT导流格栅 FLOWGUIDE GRILLE节气门定位电位计 POSITIONING POTEMTIOMETER, THROTTLE VALVE 应急运行弹簧 BACK-UP MODE SPRING节气门定位器(电动机) THROTTLE VALVE POSITIONER(MOTOR)节气门电位计 THROTTLE VALVE POTENTIOMETER怠速进出管口 IDLING SPEED SWITCH热水进出管口 HOT-WATER INLET & OUTLET节气门拉索滑轮 BOWDEN CABLE PULLEY FOR THROTTLE VALVE发动机 ENGINE离合器 CLUTCH主传动与差速器 FINAL DRIVE &DIFFERENTIAL等速万向节 CONSTANT VELOCITY UNIVERSAL JOINTS转动轴 DRIVER SHAFT驱动轮(前轮) DRIVING WHEEL(FRONT WHEEL)盘式制动器(前轮) CALIPER DISC BRAKE(FRONT WHEEL) 波形片 CUSHIONING PLATE减振弹黄 TORSIONAL DAMPING SPRING阻尼片 FRICTIONAL DAMPING WASHER花键轴套 SPLINED HUB碟形弹簧 DISC SPRING曲轴 CRANKSHAFT限位铆钉 STOP PIN摩擦片 FRICTIONAL LINING压盘 PRESSURE PLATE传动刚带 STEEL STRIP飞轮齿圈 FLYWHEEL RING GEAR变速器输入轴 INPUT SHAFT OF TRANSMISSION离合器分离轴承 CLUTCH RELEASE BEAEING从动盘盖板 RETAINING PLATE OF DISC UNIT 离合器膜片弹簧 CLUTCH DIAPHRAGM SPRING 离合器盖 CLUTCH COVER支承环 WIRE RING边速器壳体 TRANSMISSION HOUSING分离板 RELEASE LEVER工作缸 RELEASE SLAVE CYLINDER储液罐 FLUID RESERVOIR低压油管 LOW PRESSURE HOSE助力弹簧 AUXILIARY SPRING离合器踏板 CLUTCH PEDAL推杆 PUSH ROD主缸 MASTER CYLINDER高压油管 HIGH PRESSURE PIPE通气塞 AIR BREATHER主动轴（含一/二档齿轮） INPUT SHAFT（WITH 1ST & 2ND SPEED GEARS）滚针轴承 NEEDLE BEARING主动轴四档齿轮 4TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT三/四档同步器 3RD/4TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER主动轴三档齿轮 3RDSPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT倒档齿轮组 REVERSE GEARS轴承座壳体 BEARING CARRIER倒档拨叉定位销 POSITIONING DOWEL，REVERSE SHIFT FORK主动轴五档齿轮 5TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT五档同步器 5TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER后盖总成 REAR COVER ASSEMBLY异形磁铁 SPECIAL-SHAPED MAGNET。
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Multi-plate Clutch (Automobile) 24.8. Multi-plate Clutch A multi-plate clutch has more than one driven plate. Although this type of clutch has been widely used on cars up to about 1930, the several advantages of the single-plate clutch, specifically its ability to completely disengage the drive has caused a very rare use of a multi-plate unit as a main transmission clutch installed between the engineand gear box. However, a multi-plate type of clutch finds a use in automatic gearboxes. In these gearboxes, a number of clutches hold the various gear elements, and as the clutch diameter in these units is limited, a multi-plate clutch is suitable. 24.8.1. Multi-plate Spring Type Clutch Figure 24.16 illustrates the layout of a multi-plate spring type clutch, fitted on early motor cars. A cover, bolted to the flywheel, engages by means of slots with a series of lugs on the outer plates. These steel plates may be plain or fitted with cork or friction material inserts and act on inner plates, splined to a hub. Thrust springs push the plates together to form a drive.
Fig. 24.16. Multi-plate spring type clutch. For the clutch disengagement, the end plate is withdrawn to compress the springs and release the other plates. In this arrangement it is difficult to ensure the disengagement of all plates. To overcome this problem the plates are either dished or fitted with small springs to push the plates apart. Generally wet type clutch is used in automatic gearboxes, and is operated by a piston governed by hydraulic pressure. Sintered bronze plates of partially fusing powdered bronze or compressed paper are used in many designs. The porous surface of this plate traps the oil, to provide long life and smooth operation. 24.8.2. Multi-plate Diaphragm Type Clutch These clutches basically have drive and driven plates. The drive plates are not allowed to rotate independently by using interlocking lugs and slots, which do not permit relative rotational spin, but axial movement. The driven plates are mounted on the internally splined hubs, which splines on the gearbox spigot shaft (Fig. 24.17). A dished annular disc forms the diaphragm spring, the inner portion of which is radially slotted and the outer ends are enlarged with a circular hole to prevent stress concentration during disengagement. These radial slots divide the disc into number of release levers. A shouldered pivot post, riveted to the cover pressing locates the diaphragm spring in position. These rivets also hold a pair of fulcrum rings on either side of the diaphragm.
Fig. 24.17. Multi-plate diaphragm type clutch. During operation, due to engagement and disengagement of the clutch, the diaphragm cone angle changes continuously as wear occurs. In order to accommodate the change, the diaphragm pivots and rolls about the fulcrum rings. During engagement of the clutch the diaphragm bears against the outer ring, and during disengagement the reaction load is taken by the inner ring. As the friction linings wear, the spring diaphragm becomes more dished so that a larger axial clamping load is applied initially. As the linings wear increases, the distance between the cover pressingand pressure plate become excessive, so that the axial thrust begins to decline. 24.8.3. Multi-plate Hydraulically Operated Automatic Transmission Clutches Multi-plate clutches are extensively used along with band brakes in epicyclic compound gear trains of automatic transmission system to lock different stages of the gearing or gear carriers together, so that a combination of gear ratios are available. These clutches contain a pack of annular discs or plates, and alternative plates are circumferentially grooved internally and externally to match up with the splines in the input and output drive members respectively (Fig. 24.18). When these plates are pressed together, torque is transmitted from the input to the output members. These steel plates have either resented paper linings or with sintered bronze linings for transferring moderate or large torques respectively. The complete gear assembly is submerged in fluid, and hence the linings operate wet. These clutches are hydraulically operated by servo pistons either directly or indirectly through a lever disc spring, which multiplies the clamping load and also acts as a piston return spring. In this multi-plate clutch (Fig. 24.18) the hydraulic fluid is supplied under pressure through radial and axial passages in the output shaft. To transmit pressurized fluid from 0″>e member to another having relative angular movement, the output shaft contain grooves on either side of all the radial supply passages. Square sectioned nylon sealing rings are pressed into these grooves to seal lengthwise portions of the shaft with their corresponding bore formed in the outer members.