英语语法讲座第8讲非谓语动词即时演练
08 非谓语动词口诀-2020年高考英语语法突破真题精讲+课件
非谓语动词做宾语巧学妙记1、巧记动词不定式基本用法口诀不定式有标记，to与动原连一起。
to do sth没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
主宾定补表状语，唯独作谓不可以。
not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
not to do疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
what / how/ when/ where... to do仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据，2、巧记接不定式做宾语的动词开始希望能答应（begin，start，expect，hope, wish, want, agree, promise）努力要求莫拒绝（try，demand，order, refuse）设法学会做决定（manage, learn, decide）不要假装在选择（pretend, choose）3、巧记少数后面只能用动名词做宾语的动词考虑建议盼原谅，（consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon ）承认推迟没得想，（admit, delay / put off , fancy）避免错过继续练，（avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practice）否认完成停能赏，（deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate）不禁介意准逃亡，（can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape）不准冒险凭想象。
（forbid , risk , imagine）4、巧记既可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式的动词双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。
不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。
begin , start ,like ,love, prefer , hate ,dislike ,continue，remember , forget , try , mean , stop , regret , want , need , require其中有一些后接动名词和接不定式表达的意思不同：1)三个需要很常用，动名作宾语表被动,不定式作宾语表主动．to be done 需要need/want/require doing 需要sb. to do sth. 需要/要求/想要eg. I need to go now=I want to go now=I require to go now．我得走了The chair needs repairing=The chair needs to be repaired．这个凳子需要被修理2)stop to do开始做, stop doing停止做try to do努力做， try doing试一试mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着做regret to do 很遗憾要去做 regret doing 后悔做过remember/forget to do 记得/忘记要做 remember /forget doing 记得/忘记已经做过eg. Stop to listen to me=Stop what you are doing and begin to listen to me．Stop talking=Don't talk。
高考英语语法复习系列课件之八 非谓语动词
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D. do not to
为了避免重复，常用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作。如：
Would you like to visit our school? Yes, I’d like to.
有些动词后面需要用不定式作宾补，除 tell 外，常见的还 有：advise allow cause consider encourage forbid
force intend
request 等
order
permit
persuade
ask wish
remind
want
require
urge warn
特别注意： hope, agree, demand, suggest 等没有宾补。
B 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard. (95 N) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 使役动词 make / have / let sb. do sth. 但改为被动语态后， 则应为：be made / let to do。注意其它不带 to 的动词不定 式的用法。 3. A computer does only what thinking people ___. (99 上海) A A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done
高考英语极简语法思维导图与提升专练：第八章 非谓语动词例句练习及答案
【第八章非谓语动词例句】养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
◆[考点一] 非谓语动词作状语1．分词作状语(1)现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主动关系。
Hearing the news，they got excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。
(2)过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的被动关系。
Given the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.如果给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天也许会成为国际明星。
2．动词不定式作状语(1)动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等。
She was surprised to see George walk in.看到乔治进来，她很惊讶。
(2)动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do 等，但so as to do不能置于句首。
In order to pass the exam，he worked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。
(3)作目的状语的动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的。
To learn English well, his father bought him a dictionary.(×)◆[考点二] 非谓语动词作定语1．动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。
第八讲： 谓语动词与非谓语复习+题型综合练
第八讲：谓语动词与非谓语复习+题型综合练内容导航目录内容谓语动词的各时态语态复习语法精选非谓语动词各种用法复习题型整合练语法填空+词汇填空+阅读理解核心词汇积累词汇背诵要点梳理一、谓语动词主要时态语态知识点梳理二、非谓语主要知识点梳理表1. 非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：非谓语形式时态和语态否定式复合结构特征和作用不定式to doto be doingto have doneto bedoneto havebeendone在非谓语前加notfor sb.to dosth.具有名词，副词和形容词作用句中做主、宾、定、表和状语表2. 做宾语的非谓语动词比较：意义不同remember/forget/regret to do（未发生）remember/forget/regret doing（已发生）go on to do（接着做另外一件事）go on doing（接着做同一件事）try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力）try doing（试试去做，看有何结果）mean to do（打算做，企图做）mean doing （意识是，意味着）can’t help to do（不能帮忙做）can’t help doing（忍不住要做）表3：接动名词的含有介词的固定句型：①prevent/stop/keep sb.(sth.)from doing ①spend time(money) in doing sth.①waste time (money) in doing sth. ①have some difficulty/trouble in doing sth.①have a hard time in doing sth. ①there is no/use/good/ sense/point in doing sth.I.时态语态复习①The captain said the war _______ (break out) before he went to the front.②I _______（not realize）that you wanted me to start at once.③The train from our station never _______（leave）on time.④I don’t know how long ago this school _______.（begin）⑤Bill had just finished my work and _______ (start) to have a rest.⑥We won’t go unless you _______ (come) soon.⑦I _______(hope)Jack would give me a reply, but he didn’t.精讲精炼⑧On television last night the newscaster announced that the leader ________ on Saturday.⑨My sister _______ (be) a teacher in a school for two years.⑩The bus had nobody in it, but the engine _______. (run)11The vegetables don’t taste very good. They______too long.12Most parents believe that the hard work for their school kids _______(repay) later in their lives.13 A new cinema __________(build) here. They hope to finish it next month.14We__________(work) on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.15Mr.Alcott told me that four fifths of the houses __________(sell) out.16They would be given a new house if more ________ the next year.II.非谓语动词复习★．非谓语动词作主语和表语It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; ______ the answers ready will be of great help.A. To have hadB. Having hadC. HaveD. Having★．非谓语动词作宾语1. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have ____ the problem.A. to solveB. solvingC. solvedD. been solving2. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up.★．非谓语动词作定语1. Learning another language gives us the chance to travel, to be involved with others and ____ in their daily lives and different cultures.A. participateB. participatingC. participatedD. to participate2. The computer center, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. openB. openedC. being openedD. having opened3. The picture _____ on the wall was painted by my nephew.A. hangedB. hangingC. hungD. being hung★．非谓语动词作状语1. When _____ help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.”A. offeringB. to offerC. to be offeredD. offered.2. He left home early only ____ he was late as he went a wrong way.A. foundB. findingC. being foundD. to find★．非谓语动词作补语1. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting.2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ______. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning.★．非谓语动词的时态与语态1.We absolutely believe that the meeting _____ next Sunday is very important.A. heldB. to be heldC. to have holdD. being held.2.All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to ______ in time for Christmas..A. have receivedB. receivedC. be receivedD. be receiving.III.时态语态\非谓语动词混合练习1.The woman looked down, ______（shake）her head and said:“Not so good.”2.King Edgar was the first monarch_______ (bury) there in 1065.3.Nowadays, cellphones have features such as games, music and calendars and more new functions______(add)in the future.4.The thief was caught stealing money from the shop opposite the school and _______(question) by the localpolice at the moment.5.China _______(see) a lot of people moving to urban areas in the last 20 years. However, many migrants lefttheir families behind.6.He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ (lose)the good opportunity.7.The flowers _______(smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of the nature .8.The Town Hall _____ (complete )in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.9.Shakespeare’s play Hamlet __________(make)into at least ten different films over the past years.10.Rainforests _________ (cut)and burned at such a speed that they will disappear in the near future.11.If the trend continues, by 2030, the world ________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity.12.At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio’s _______ (win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audiencepresent.13.Children,when ___________(accompany) by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.14.At present, a plan __________ (make）for a party at the end of this term.15.By the time Jane got home, her aunt ________（leave）for London to attend a meeting.IV.语法填空Luis and his wife Gloria live in a nice apartment, but it isn’t big enough. They need a house with at least three bedrooms. They also want to have a yard for the children to play in. And so far they ___1___(look) at several houses that are for sale. One of them was beautiful but terribly expensive. Their business ___2___(not go) well, so they can’t afford an expensive house. That’s why they ___3___(search) for one that ___4___(not cost) a lot, and, of course, that’s not easy to find.Yesterday they looked at four houses, and three of them ___5___(be) great. But they couldn’t afford the houses they liked, and they didn’t like the one they could afford. The only affordable one was old and had cracks (裂缝) in the walls. Last night, Luis and Gloria ___6___(talk) about the house for two hours. “I know we ___7___(not find) anything that costs less, and I want to move as soon as I can,” said Luis. “And I’m tired of looking at houses we can’t afford,” Gloria added. So they decided to buy the old house and repair it. The house ___8___ (need) a lot of work, but it’s a nice neighborhood and the back yard is big. It’ll look beautiful when it ___9___ (repair). Luis and Gloria are good at painting, and some of their friends will help with the repairs. The children will be happy to have their own house where they can make all the noise they ___10___(want).V、翻译题（完成句子注意动词时态语态及非谓语动词用法）1.失败了三次,他不想再试了。
高三英语语法复习讲座---非谓语动词
高三英语语法复习讲座----非谓语动词非谓语动词是指动词的三种变化形式，在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式。
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词〔分词包括现在分词和过去分词〕不定式的构成：是由“to+动词原形”构成即、to do，否认式是not to do不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式的作用：不定式可以做主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语。
1、作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
如：It took us two hours to finish the exam.It is important for us to study English well.It is very kind of you to help me with my English.注意：〔1〕其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
〔2〕当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。
试比较：It is to support my own idea to believe him.〔错〕To believe him is to support my own idea .〔对〕〔3〕It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for. It’s brave of him to save the boy. 可以说成，He is brave to save the boy.2、作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.〔it 作形式宾语〕注：以下动词通常用不定式作宾语：plan, hope, wish, promise, refuse, help, decide, learn,agree, choose等（2）动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。
高中英语语法精讲第8章独立主格结构
高中英语语法精讲第八章独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。
其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你,你迟早一定会成功的。
（such an able man和to help you之间存在着主谓关系）= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。
（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。
（lost的逻辑主语是the key，lost也可以用完成式having been lost）= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A.不定式“独立主格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
英语语法专题演练 非谓语动词8
非谓语动词1. ---- Can you ride a horse? ---- No, I never had the chance ____.A. for learning itB. for learning howC. how to learn itD. to learn how2. Paul said, "Give me a chair _____."A. to sitB. sitC. sit onD. to sit on3. I ran too fast ______ where I was going.A. to noticeB. for me to noticeC. to notice for meD. and notice4. ---- Have you enjoyed your visit here? --- Yes, I'll be very sorry______ .A. for leavingB.of leavingC. to leaveD. with leaving5. ---- I'll help you whenever you need me. ---- Good. I'd like _____me tomorrow.A. you helpingB. that you will helpC. you to helpD. that you help6. The _____ price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A. reduceB. reducingC. reducedD. reduces7. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.A. a good place which to be lived inB. lived as a good placeC. a good place to live inD. living in as a good place8. People ____ in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A. liveB. to liveC. livedD. living9. ---- Where did he go? ---- He went to another store ______.A. to buy pencilsB. for buying pencilsC. buy pencilsD. buying pencils10. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ____ .A. settleB. settledC. to settleD. settling11. ---- Did the judge ask you many questions? ---- Yes, and ______.A. they were difficult to be answeredB. to answer them was to be difficultC. they were difficult to answerD. they had difficulty in answering12. That beggar seems _____ anything yesterday.A. not to have eatenB. not to eatC. didn't eatD. to not have eaten13. The lost child desired nothing but _____ home.A. goB. to goC. goingD. went14.That box is____.A. too heavy for me to carryB. too heavy for me to carry itC. so heavy for me to carryD. very heavy for me to carry15. Would you be ______ to do me a favour, please?A. so kind asB. too kindC. as kind asD. enough kind16. To learn to speak English well,_____.A. much practice is neededB. one needs much practiceC. much practice is needed by oneD. one is needed much practice17. The library's study room is full of students ____ for the exam.A. busily preparedB. busy preparingC. busily prepareD. are busily preparing18. The ground is ____ with ____ leaves.A. covering, fallingB. covered, fallingC. covered, fallenD. covering, fallen19. The house is not large enough ____ .A. to live inB. to be lived inC. to liveD. for living20. Lessons ____ easily were soon forgotten.A. to learnB. learnC. learnedD. learning21. The wallet ___ several days ago was found ___ in the dustbin outside the building.A. stolen, hiddenB. stealing, hidingC. stealing, hiddenD. stolen, hiding22. I was surprised______.A. watching him to eat so quicklyB. watch him eat so quicklyC. watching him eat so quicklyD. to watch him eat so quickly23. Mr. White was seen ______ the Palace Museum.A. enterB. to enterC. enteredD. to entering24. I saw Mary ____ the house.A. open the door and go intoB. to open the door and to go intoC. open the door and to go intoD. open the door and went into25. Paul does nothing but _____ all day long.A. playB. to playC. playingD. played26. Now we could not do anything but ______ for him here.A. waitedB. waitingC. to waitD. wait27. I don't know her and I don't ______ .A. wantB. want toC. want itD. to want28. A person ___ a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language ___ all about his own.A. to learn, to forgetB. learning, to forgetC. to learn, forgettingD. learning, forgetting29. To play fair is as important as ______.A. to play wellB. play wellC. we play wellD. playing well30. It is the greatest happiness on earth ______.A. loving and to be lovedB. to love and being lovedC. to love and to be lovedD. love and be loved31. _____ is better to love than _____ .A. That, to be lovedB. That, be lovedC. It, be lovedD. It, to be loved32. It's very foolish _____ it?A. for you to sayB. of you to sayC. with you sayingD. in your saying33. It ______ me two hours to find your new house.A. costB. tookC. spentD. used34. ___ different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their qualityA. To produceB. Being producedC. ProducedD. Having produced35. He told her ______ there at once.A. getB. getsC. should getD. to get36. We all think it most foolish ______ this mistake.A. for you makingB. of you to makeC. you to makeD. for you to make37. I really don't know ____ .A. to swimB. how to swimC. to swim howD. how swim38. ---- What do you think about English? ---- It's a difficult language _____.A. speakingB. to be spokenC. to speakD. spoken39. The students in the university are all taking courses ___ a degree.A. coming toB. going toC. leading toD. turning to40. Many things ____ impossible in the past are very common today.A. considerB. consideringC. consideredD. be considered41. ____ many times, he still couldn't understand.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He having been toldD. Telling42. The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____ her two sons.A. to supportB. supportingC. supported byD. having supported43. China is one of the largest countries in the world, ___ 9.6 million square kilometers.A. to coverB. coveredC. coversD. covering44. "We must keep a secret of the things ___ here", the general said, ___ at the man in charge ofthe information office.A. discussed, stared seriouslyB. being discussed, seriously staringC. to be discussed, seriously staredD. discussed, stared45. ____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the roomA. WritingB. Having writtenC. WrittenD. Being written46. Were you ____ when you saw that wild animal?A. frightB. frighteningC. frightenedD. frighten47. Properly ___ with numbers, the books can be easily found.A. markedB. markC. to markD. marking48. The child sat in the dentist's chair ____ .A. trembleB. tremblingC. trembledD. to trembled49. At this moment the bell rang ___ the end of class.A. announceB. announcingC. announcedD. to announce50. He walked down the hills, ____ softly to himself.A. singB. singingC. sungD. to sing。
语法精讲第8章独立主格结构
高中英语语法精讲第八章独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。
其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你,你迟早一定会成功的。
（such an able man和to help you之间存在着主谓关系）= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。
（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”）= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。
（lost的逻辑主语是the key，lost也可以用完成式having been lost）= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A.不定式“独立主格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
英语语法专题讲座非谓语动词
there to be
• It isn't cold enough for there a frost tonight， so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.(考研， 1994年) • A) would be B) being C) was D)to be • 本题应选D。本题中的for there to be a frost tonight作状语，说明not cold enough的程度。全 句意思是：今夜不会冷到下霜的程度，所以我可 以安全地把吉姆的汽车停在外面。
• 在think，consider，believe，find，feel， know，declare，guess，prove，suppose， imagine，understand等词后面，常跟“to be +形容词（也可以是名词或反身代词）”结构 作宾语补足语，但是在think，consider， believe等动词之后to be常可以省去。例如：
•
there 可与不定式to be连用，作动词或介 词for的宾语。
• I don't want there to be any more trouble. 我不希望再产生麻烦。 • It's too late for there to be any taxis. 太晚 了，没有出租车了。
there being
完成体
having done
having been doneFra bibliotek不定式
• 不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，通常由 动词不定式符号“to + 动词原形（有时to也 可以省略）”构成，它不受人称和数的限 制，起到名词、形容词和副词的作用。同 时它还保留了动词的某些特点，可以有自 己的状语、补足语，及物动词的不定式还 必须有自己的宾语；此外，不定式还可以 有逻辑上的主语以及有时态和语态上的变 化。
高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练
2.原因状语 eg:1.Because he was ill,he had to stay at home. =Being ill,he had to stay at home. 2.Because you are a student,you must study hard. =Being a student,you must study hard. 3.__I couldn’t go to school in my childhood. A.Poor B.Being poor C.To be poor
V-ing所充当的句子成分
一、作主语 1.直接作主语 eg:1.Seeing is believing. 2.Smoking isn’t allowed here.
2.用it作形式主语 it’s no use/useless(做…是没用的)/no good/no help/a waste of time +doing eg:It’s no use waiting here.
⑤start sb/sth doing使…开始…. eg:The smoke started her coughing. ⑥catch sb doing=sb be caught doing撞见某 人做某事 eg:1.The teacher caught him___(sleep) in the class.
位置：单个v-ing作定语放在所修饰的名词之 前，V-ing短语作定语放在所修饰的名词之后。 1.V-ing表示所修饰词的用途 eg:a swimming pool游泳池 a sleeping bag睡袋 a washing machine洗衣机
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一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1．The research is so designed that once__________(begin) nothing
can be done to change it.
解析：作状语。
答案：begun
2．____________(give) more attention，the trees could have grown
better.
解析：作状语。
答案：Given
3．Their work____________(finish)，they went home________(laugh
and sing)．
解析：作状语。
答案：finished；laughing and singing
4．We are pleased to see the problem____________(settle) quickly.
解析：作补足语。
答案：settled
5．____________(seat) around the table，we had a discussion about
our work.
解析：作状语。
答案：Seated
6．As we all know，traveling is____________(interest)，but we often
feel__________(tire) when we are back from travels.
解析：作表语，前者指事物的性质，用ing形式；后者指人感到
累，用ed形式。
答案：interesting；tired
7．Hearing the__________(encourage) news，we all
felt__________.(encourage)
解析：前者作定语，指事物(news)用ing形式；后者作表语，指
人用ed形式。
答案：encouraging；encouraged
8．From the dates____________(mark) on the gold coin，it is
confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago.
解析：作定语，dates与mark是被动关系。
答案：marked
9．You will make yourself____________(understand)in English
pretty well if you keep on speaking it.
解析：作宾补，使你自己被人明白。
答案：understood
10．With the task____________(finish)，we had a happy holiday.
解析：作宾补，the task与finish是被动关系。
答案：finished
二、用动词的ed形式改写句子。
1．Plants that are raised in the hothouse are unlikely to be sturdy.
Plants____________in the hothouse are unlikely to be sturdy.
答案：raised
2．This project，which was designed by the Chinese engineers，was
constructed in only two years.
This project，____________by the Chinese engineers，was
constructed in only two years.
答案：designed
3．The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s longlost friend.
The girl____________ in red is Kelly’s longlost friend.
答案：dressed
4．Father beat the son who was lost in the online games.
Father beat the son____________ in the online games.
答案：lost
5．A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.
A thief stole the goat____________to the tree.
答案：tied
三、在下列短文的空格中填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填
空。
There is no doubt that the 21st century will be marked by a burst of
new science and technology.Yet，the technology such as 1 (clone) and
the Internet fills everyone’s heart with delight as well as awe.
Future development of science and technology will bring us with it
both benefits and problems. 2 (be) sure，we human beings will enjoy
the fruit of 3 (advance) science and technology.Consider the case of
cloning.It opens up many 4 (excite) possibilities，from saving 5
(endanger) animal species to 6 (produce) organs for transplant
patients.Nevertheless，new science and technology will create a great
challenge to all members of society as well.Furthermore，severe air
pollution 7 (bring) on by the wide use of modern technology will
constitute a threat to human survival.
In my judgment，however，such problems and dangers will be
outweighed by solutions and opportunities 8 (offer) by the
development of science and technology，and 9 (balance) by human
beings 10 (take) corrective action.
【文章大意】 本文讲科学技术的发展既会给我们人类带来益处
也会带来问题，但作者相信，科学技术的发展也会有解决问题的办法。
1．解析：因与名词the Internet并列，应用动名词。
答案：cloning
2．解析：因to be sure(诚然)是固定短语。
答案：To be
3．解析：在名词前作定语，表示“先进的”。
答案：advanced
4．解析：修饰事物，表示“令人激动的”，用ing形式。
答案：exciting
5．解析：因animal species与endanger (＝cause danger to危及)是
被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
答案：endangered
6．解析：因from...to...短语中，to是介词，在介词后作宾语用动
名词。
答案：producing
7．解析：因air pollution与bring on(引起)是被动关系，故用过去
分词作定语。
答案：brought
8．解析：因solutions and opportunities与offer是被动关系，用过
去分词作定语。
答案：offered
9．解析：因balance与offer并列，自然也要用过去分词。
答案：balanced
10．解析：表示未来，用不定式。
答案：to take