历史街区的景观改造研究-外文资料翻译

外文资料翻译

Study on Renovation of the Landscapes of Historical Blocks

Every city has its own special memories，which are incarnated in its landscapes of historical blocks．Washington Charter has presented the so-far best definition of historical blocks:they are the blocks with great historical values of a city or a town，whether they are large or small，in urban or in suburban Historical blocks are not only precious heritages of historical culture in material form，but also the linking nodes connecting the present with the past as well with the future of a city in spirit．When we design a modern city，we not only need to make the scientific planning for its function，but also should pay much attention to its local and traditional features so that it can not be neglected among the landscapes of modern cities．Therefore，it is significant to make studies on the protection and development of historical blocks．

1 The Present Status of Historical Blocks in China

Since 21th century，China has entered a fast developing period，and many sequelae resulted from rebuilding in large scale are witnessed.The old city blocks are usually important areas with clusters of buildings and high business value which are favored by the real estate developers.Authorized by the policies，many local governments implement " the Project of Old Block Reconstruction" in large scale and allow the developing rights to the real estate developers．The demolishment and reconstruction certainly cause the traditional style to disappear and traditional culture cannot be inherited because the old city blocks usually reflect the traditional city life style and traditional culture .The material civilization allows people enjoy the convenience of the modern society resulted from new technologies

and new materials，but makes them away from the comforts and leisure which is resulted from the decline of spirit culture．Nowadays，the residential houses and historical blocks which bear the memories of old city are gradually

passing into oblivion，the traditional culture and life style can hardly survive the modern buildings．

2 The approaches to rebuilding the historical blocks

The landscapes of historical blocks are the most important bearer of the historical value．The values of historical culture，residential culture，courtyard culture，and the architecture culture are mainly incarnated in such substantial hards capes．Such historical blocks endow people a feeling of space and site，the layout of alleys，the distribution of courtyards，the style of buildings，and their designs should show a historical feeling．The historical blocks consist of ancient architectures( including public ancient buildings and private residential houses)，public infrastructures，gardens，and service buildings，etc．［3］Made of wood that is apt to decay，the ancient architectures in China differ from those of Westerns which are made of stones or bricks so that the ancient Chinese architectures need frequent repairing．The historical blocks usually located in the central areas where are densely populated，heavily buildings clustered，and they are " the gold areas" for the real estate developers．Aiming at the maximum profit，the developers usually do not care about their historical culture and value in their reconstruction．In addition，the historical blocks are not properly protected and repaired because of the shortage of funds．It is an crucial task to rebuild the substantial landscape in the protection of historical blocks．2-1 The repairs for old buildings The main-body buildings in the historical blocks are usually consists of the old architectures which are the most ancient Chinese-style buildings except a few．They were built with wood，bricks，stones and earth，dominating in wood．The following steps should be adopted for the reconstruction of ancient buildings in the historical blocks: 2-1-2 To make a survey of the data of the ancient building and identify its historical value．There are many cultural relics and historical buildings with high historical value. A thorough survey for the ancient architectural blocks must be conducted before the implementation of their reconstruction so as to make certain whether the cultural relics and historical buildings exist.If such