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Part One

1. What are the main roles of banks?

答：Although banks share many common features with other profit-seeking business,they play a unique role in the economy through mobilizing savings,allocating capital funds to fiance productive investment,transmitting monetary policy,providing

a payment system and transforming risks.

3. According to the revised edition of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China ,what functions does the PBC perform?

答：The PBC 's key functions are to conduct monetary policy, prevent and dissolve financial risks, and maintain financial stability under the leadership of the State Council.

4. Can you give some examples of indirect instruments for implementing monetary policy?

答：Indirect instruments as required reserve ratio, interest rate adjustment and open market operations.

9. What is your definition of share and bond?

答：Shares are certificates or book entries representing ownership in a corporation or similar entity.Bonds are written evidences of debts.

13. What is your definition of “securities”?

答：Securities are paper certificates (definitive securities) or electronic records (book-entry securities) evidencing ownership of equity (stock) or debt obligations (bonds).

Part Two

2. What are the objectives of banking supervision?

First, the key objective of supervision is to maintain stability and public confidence in financial system.

The second goal of bank supervisions to ensure that bank operate in a safe and sound manner and that they hold capital and reserve sufficient to cover the risks that may arise in their business.

Third, a related goal is to protect depositors’ funds and , if any bank should fail, to minimize the losses to be absorbed by the deposit insurance fund.

The fourth goal of bank supervision is to foster an efficient and competition banking system that is responsive to the public need for high quality financial services at reasonable cost.

The fifth and final goal of bank supervision is to ensure compliance with banking laws and regulations.

3. What risks might the commercial banks have to face?

(1)credit risk (2)market risk (3)liquidity risk (4)operational risk (5)legal risk (6)reputation risk

4. What are the implication of credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk and operational risk?

Credit risk: A major type of risk that banks face is credit risk or the failure of a counterpart to perform according to a contractual arrangement.

Market risk: Two specific elements of market risk are foreign exchange risk and interest risk. Banks face a risk of losses in on- and off-balance sheet positions arising from movement in exchange rates. Interest rate risk prefers to the exposure of a bank’s financial condition to adverse movements in interest rates.

Liquidity risk: Liquidity risk arises from the inability of a bank to accommodate decreases in liabilities or to fund increases in assets.

Operational risk: The most important types of operational risk involve breakdowns in internal controls and corporate governance..

5.At what levels does the Basel Accord set the minimum capital ratio requirements for internationally active banks?

The Accord sets minimum capital ratio requirements for internationally active banks of 4% tier one capita and 8% total capital (tier one plus tier two) in relation to risk-weighted assets.

Part Three

1. What does foreign exchange include ?

答：Foreign exchange includes the following means of payments and assets denominated in a foreign currency that can be used for international settlement:

●Foreign currencies, including banknotes and coins;

●Payment vouchers denominated in foreign currency, including negotiable

instruments, bank certificates of deposit and certificates of postal savings;

●Securities denominated in foreign currency, including government bonds,

corporate bonds and stocks;

●Super-national currencies such as Special Drawing Rights and the Euro; and

●Other assets denominated in foreign currency.

3. What are the requirements for domestic institutions for opening foreign exchange accounts abroad?

答：Domestic entities which meet one of the following requirements may apply for opening a foreign exchange account abroad:

●Expecting small amount income during a certain period of time abroad;

●Expecting small amount ex penditure during a certain period of time abroad;

●Undertaking overseas construction projects;and issuing securities denominated in foreign currency abroad.

6. Give the definition of foreign exchange?

答：Foreign exchange , or forex , is foreign money. All foreign currency, consisting of founds held with banks abroad, or bills or cheques, again in foreign currency and payable abroad , are termed foreign exchange.

9. Give the definition of spot and forward transaction?

答：Spot transactions involve today’s p rices of currency and delivery of the currency within two business days, except for Canadian dollar (CAD), which must be delivered in one day.

10. Tell the difference between forward and futures transactions?

答：(1) Forward transactions involve today’s pr ices of currency and delivery on a stipulated future date.

(2) Futures transactions are always traded on exchanges. In order to be marketable on exchanges, futures contracts are standardized in terms of quantity, settlement dates

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