东南大学信息科学与工程学院 基于FPGA的自动售货机控制系统

数字系统课程设计--基于FPGA的自动售货机组长：师楠（04010512）组员：徐璇（04010505）一、设计要求：功能描述：用于模拟自动售货机的工作过程，完成自动售货功能。

功能要求：（1）售货机有两个进币孔，可以输入硬币和纸币，售货机有两个进币孔，一个是输入硬币，一个是输入纸币，硬币的识别范围是1 元的硬币，纸币的识别范围是5 元，10 元，20，50 元，100元。

乘客可以连续多次投入钱币。

（2）顾客可以选择的商品种类有16 种，价格分别为1-16 元，顾客可以通过输入商品的编号来实现商品的选择。

即有一个小键盘（0-9 按键）来完成，比如输入15 时要先输入1，再输入5。

（3）顾客选择完商品后，可以选择需要的数量。

然后可以继续选择商品及其数量，每次可以选择最多三个商品。

然后显示出所需金额。

顾客此时可以投币，并且显示已经投币的总币值。

当投币值达到或超过所需币值后，售货机出货，并扣除所需金额，并找出多余金额。

在投币期间，顾客可以按取消键取消本次操作，钱币自动退出。

二、课题分析1）进行购物时，顾客依次选择商品种类和对应的商品数量。

一共有16种商品，编号分别为1-16，顾客通过（0-9按键）小键盘输入商品编号和对应的商品数量。

若顾客继续选择商品则按下“继续购物”按钮，继续选择下一商品的种类和数量。

最多可以选择三种商品，每种商品最多可选择三个。

若在商品选择过程中顾客按下“取消”按钮，则回到初始化状态，顾客重新进行选择。

2）完成选择后，自动售货机显示所需金额，编号1-16的商品价格分别为1-16元。

顾客根据所需金额继续投币，可以连续多次投入1元的硬币和5 元，10 元，20，50 元，100元的纸币。

当投币总额大于所需金额时，自动售货机出货并找出零钱。

若在投币过程中顾客按下“取消”按钮，则自动售货机自动退出顾客已经投入的钱币。

3）根据按键的数值范围（0-9）和商品数量（1-3）的选择范围，设置三个端口，分别用于接收商品编号的个位（4位）、商品编号的十位（4位）、商品数量（2位）。

若顾客在商品选择的过程中，选择了三种以上商品或三个以上的个数，则系统不对其作出反应。

4）附加功能：管理人员按下reset 按钮后，系统重置。

默认每种商品机内存货15个，系统进入初始化状态后会自动显示商品剩余库存。

三、 系统运行流程：开始reset=1YNpre_stateinitial_state输入商品编号输入次数小于3输入商品数量cancel=1计算商品总额total_priceYNYNitem_statequantity_state计算商品剩余库存并输出continue=1输出total_pricecancel=1投币couterchange_out<=countercounter>total_pricecancel=1change_out<=countercounter>total_pricecancel=1change_out<=counter计算找零额输出货物、找零N YN YNYYNYNYNquantity_statemoney_statecompare_statechange_state finish_stat四、程序调试编译通过，如图所示：五、波形仿真：在创建的波形仿真文件中，添加所有输入输出端口进行仿真。

时钟周期设定为10ns，测试系统的所有功能是否正常。

管理员将reset置1；第一次：购买11号商品3件，投入三枚一员硬币，一张一百元纸币；第二次：购买01号商品1件，continue，购买10号商品2件，continue，购买13号商品3件；投入一张五十纸币，一张十元纸币；第三次：购买03号商品2件，cancel；第四次：购买16号商品2件；投入一张五十纸币；cancel；六、附源代码library ieee;use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;use ieee.std_logic_arith.all;use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;----------*************************************---------------------- entity AUTOSELLER is --实体port( --端口定义clk :in std_logic; --时钟continue,cancel,reset :in std_logic; --继续购物、取消、复位coin :in std_logic; --投入硬币cash :in std_logic_vector(4 downto 0); --投入纸币item0 :in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); --选货个位item1 :in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); --选货十位quantity :in std_logic_vector(1 downto 0); --货物数量one_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);--找钱five_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);ten_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);twenty_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);fifty_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);hundred_out :out std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);item0_out :out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); --出货种类item1_out :out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);item2_out :out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);quantity0_out :out std_logic_vector(1 downto 0); --出货数量quantity1_out :out std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);quantity2_out :out std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);sum_out :out std_logic_vector(9 downto 0);--商品总额累计输出available1_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);--输出库存available2_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available3_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available4_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available5_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available6_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available7_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available8_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available9_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available10_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available11_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available12_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available13_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available14_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available15_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);available16_out :out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0));end AUTOSELLER;------------*************************************----------------- architecture behave of AUTOSELLER issignal price :std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); --单个商品价格signal counter :std_logic_vector(9 downto 0); --投币总额signal total_price :std_logic_vector(9 downto 0); --商品总额累计shared variable number1 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); --暂存库存shared variable number2 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number3 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number4 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number5 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number6 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number7 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number8 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number9 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number10 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number11 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number12 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number13 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number14 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number15 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);shared variable number16 :std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);type state_type is(pre_state,initial_state,item_state,quantity_state,money_state,co mpare_state,change_state,finish_state); -- 定义一个类型state_type，且值为（……）signal state :state_type;beginprocess(continue,clk,reset)variable change :std_logic; --为1允许找钱variable change_out :std_logic_vector(9 downto 0);--找钱总额暂存variable one_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);--找钱数暂存variable five_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);variable ten_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);variable twenty_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);variable fifty_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);variable hundred_tmp :std_logic_vector(4 downto 0);variable n :integer range 0 to 2; --暂存选货次数variable itemout0,itemout1,itemout2:std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);--种类暂存variable quanout0,quanout1,quanout2:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);--货物数量暂存variable cancel_tmp :std_logic; --取消暂存beginif(clk'event and clk='1')thenif reset='1' thenstate<=pre_state;end if;case state is------------*************pre_state***************---------------when pre_state=>number1:="1111";number2:="1111";number3:="1111";number4:="1111";number5:="1111";number6:="1111";number7:="1111";number8:="1111";number9:="1111";number10:="1111";number11:="1111";number12:="1111";number13:="1111";number14:="1111";number15:="1111";number16:="1111";state<=initial_state;-----------**************initial_state****************--------------when initial_state=>item0_out<="00000000";item1_out<="00000000";item2_out<="00000000";quantity0_out<="00";quantity1_out<="00";quantity2_out<="00";one_out<="00000";five_out<="00000";ten_out<="00000";twenty_out<="00000";fifty_out<="00000";hundred_out<="00000";sum_out<="0000000000";available1_out<=number1;available2_out<=number2;available3_out<=number3;available4_out<=number4;available5_out<=number5;available6_out<=number6;available7_out<=number7;available8_out<=number8;available9_out<=number9;available10_out<=number10;available11_out<=number11;available12_out<=number12;available13_out<=number13;available14_out<=number14;available15_out<=number15;available16_out<=number16; total_price<="0000000000"; counter<="0000000000";change:='0';n:=0;one_tmp:="00000";five_tmp:="00000";ten_tmp:="00000";twenty_tmp:="00000";fifty_tmp:="00000";hundred_tmp:="00000";itemout0:="00000000";itemout1:="00000000";itemout2:="00000000";quanout0:="00";quanout1:="00";quanout2:="00";cancel_tmp:='0';state<=item_state;----------************** item_state ****************-----------when item_state=>if n<3 thencase (item1&item0) iswhen "00000001"=>price<="00000001";when "00000010"=>price<="00000010";when "00000011"=>price<="00000011";when "00000101"=>price<="00000101";when "00000110"=>price<="00000110";when "00000111"=>price<="00000111";when "00001000"=>price<="00001000";when "00001001"=>price<="00001001";when "00010000"=>price<="00001010";when "00010001"=>price<="00001011";when "00010010"=>price<="00001100";when "00010011"=>price<="00001101";when "00010100"=>price<="00001110";when "00010101"=>price<="00001111";when "00010110"=>price<="00010000";when others=>null;end case;if (item1&item0)="00000000" thenstate<=initial_state;else case n iswhen 0 => itemout0:= item1&item0;when 1 => itemout1:= item1&item0;when 2 => itemout2:= item1&item0;when others=>null;end case;state<=quantity_state;end if;else state<=money_state;end if;-----------************ quantity_state ************------------when quantity_state=>if(cancel='1')thenstate<=initial_state;elseif quantity="00" thenchange:='0';change_out:="0000000000";state<=initial_state;elsetotal_price<=total_price+price*quantity;case n iswhen 0 => quanout0:= quantity;n:=n+1;when 1 => quanout1:= quantity;n:=n+1;when 2 => quanout2:= quantity;n:=n+1;when others=>null;end case;case price iswhen"00000001"=>number1:=number1-quantity;when"00000010"=>number2:=number2-quantity;when"00000011"=>number3:=number3-quantity;when"00000100"=>number4:=number4-quantity; when"00000101"=>number5:=number5-quantity; when"00000110"=>number6:=number6-quantity; when"00000111"=>number7:=number7-quantity; when"00001000"=>number8:=number8-quantity; when"00001001"=>number9:=number9-quantity; when"00001010"=>number10:=number10-quantity; when"00001011"=>number11:=number11-quantity; when"00001100"=>number12:=number12-quantity; when"00001101"=>number13:=number13-quantity; when"00001110"=>number14:=number14-quantity; when"00001111"=>number15:=number15-quantity; when"00010000"=>number16:=number16-quantity; when others=>NULL;end case;available1_out<=number1;available2_out<=number2;available3_out<=number3;available4_out<=number4;available5_out<=number5;available6_out<=number6;available7_out<=number7;available8_out<=number8;available9_out<=number9;available10_out<=number10;available11_out<=number11;available12_out<=number12;available13_out<=number13;available14_out<=number14;available15_out<=number15;available16_out<=number16;if(continue='1')then state<=item_state;else state<=money_state;end if;end if;end if;----------************ money_state ************-----------when money_state=>sum_out<=total_price;if(cancel='1')thencancel_tmp:='1';change:='1';change_out:=counter;state<=change_state;elsecase cash&coin iswhen "000001"=>counter<=counter+1;when "000010"=>counter<=counter+5;when "000100"=>counter<=counter+10;when "001000"=>counter<=counter+20;when "010000"=>counter<=counter+50;when "100000"=>counter<=counter+100;when others=>null;end case;state<=compare_state;end if;-----------************ compare_state ************------------when compare_state=>if(cancel='1')thencancel_tmp:='1';change:='1';change_out:=counter;state<=change_state;elseif counter>=total_price thenchange:='1';change_out:=counter-total_price;state<=change_state;else state<=money_state;end if;end if;----------************ change_state ************----------when change_state=>if(cancel='1')thenchange:='1';cancel_tmp:='1';change_out:=counter;end if;if(change_out>=100) thenhundred_tmp:=hundred_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-100;end if;if(change_out>=50)thenfifty_tmp:=fifty_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-50; end if;if(change_out>=40)thentwenty_tmp:=twenty_tmp+2;change_out:=change_out-40; end if;if(change_out>=20)thentwenty_tmp:=twenty_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-20; end if;if(change_out>=10)thenten_tmp:=ten_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-10; end if;if(change_out>=5)thenfive_tmp:=five_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-5; end if;if(change_out>=4)thenone_tmp:=one_tmp+4;change_out:=change_out-4; end if;if(change_out>=3)thenone_tmp:=one_tmp+3;change_out:=change_out-3; end if;if(change_out>=2)thenone_tmp:=one_tmp+2;change_out:=change_out-2;end if;if(change_out>=1)thenone_tmp:=one_tmp+1;change_out:=change_out-1;end if;if(cancel_tmp='1')thenitemout0:="00000000";itemout1:="00000000";itemout2:="00000000";quanout0:="00";quanout1:="00";quanout2:="00";end if;state<=finish_state;--------************ finish_state ************-----------when finish_state=>one_out<=one_tmp;five_out<=five_tmp;ten_out<=ten_tmp;twenty_out<=twenty_tmp;fifty_out<=fifty_tmp;hundred_out<=hundred_tmp;item0_out<=itemout0;item1_out<=itemout1;item2_out<=itemout2;quantity0_out<=quanout0;quantity1_out<=quanout1;quantity2_out<=quanout2;state<=initial_state; end case;end if;end process;end behave;。