女性主义在文学作品中的体现
西方女性主义作品赏析
西方女性主义作品赏析女性主义是一个广泛的社会运动，旨在解决和消除性别不平等和性别歧视。
在西方文化中，女性主义作品一直是一个重要的话题，从文学作品到电影，从艺术作品到音乐，女性主义作品的影响力无处不在。
在这篇文章中，我们将探讨一些西方女性主义作品，并对它们进行赏析。
首先，让我们来看看文学作品中的女性主义。
西方文学中有许多女性主义经典作品，其中最著名的之一是《简爱》。
这部小说由夏洛蒂·勃朗特创作，讲述了一个女孩简·爱从小到大的成长故事，她在一个男权社会中奋发图强，最终找到了自己的幸福。
《简爱》被认为是一部女性主义的经典作品，因为它强调了女性的独立和自主，以及对性别不平等的反抗。
另一个重要的女性主义文学作品是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《至灯下人》。
这部小说以内心独白的方式讲述了一个女性的成长故事，探讨了女性在家庭和社会中的地位和角色。
通过主人公克拉丽莎的视角，伍尔夫揭示了女性在男权社会中的困境和挣扎，以及她们对自由和平等的追求。
除了文学作品，女性主义在电影领域也有着重要的影响。
一部著名的女性主义电影是《色戒》，由导演李安执导。
这部电影改编自王佳芝的同名小说，讲述了一个女性在战争年代的中国社会中的生存与挣扎。
影片以女性的视角展现了战争对人们的影响，同时也探讨了性别和权力的关系。
《色戒》通过女性主义的视角，揭示了战争对女性的影响，以及她们在男权社会中的处境。
在艺术领域，女性主义作品也是一个重要的话题。
著名的女性主义艺术家芙里达·卡罗是女性主义艺术的代表人物之一。
她的作品以女性的身体和性别为主题，探讨了女性在艺术和社会中的地位和角色。
卡罗的作品通过女性的视角，反映了女性在男权社会中的挣扎和反抗，同时也呼吁对性别不平等和性别歧视的关注和反思。
最后，让我们来看看音乐领域中的女性主义作品。
著名的女性主义音乐人比约克是女性主义音乐的代表人物之一。
她的音乐作品以女性的声音和情感为主题，探讨了女性在音乐和社会中的地位和角色。
浅析《简爱》中的女性主义思想
目录摘要 (1)关键词 (1)Abstract (1)前言 (2)一、作者女性主义思想的产生 (2)二、《简爱》中的女性主义思想 (3)（一）突破相貌美丽的俗套 (3)（二）顽强、独立、自尊、自爱 (4)（三）政治、经济、人格平等的新式爱情观 (5)结语 (7)参考文献： (8)浅析《简爱》中的女性主义思想学生姓名：学号：文学院汉语言专业指导老师：职称:摘要：在现代社会女性的地位普遍有所提高，但由于受传统文化观念的影响，现实社会中仍然存在着男女不平等的现象。
而夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简爱》是西方女性主义的一部代表作，本文将对作者女性主义思想产生的原因以及简爱中的女性主义思想进行论述，她的女性主义思想主要是通过他哦破美丽的俗套，独立、顽强、自尊、自爱以及政治、经济平等的新式爱情观来体现，通过论述使我们加深对女性主义思想的认识，从而促进我国女性自我意识的觉醒与提高。
关键词：女性主义思想；独立；顽强；新式爱情观Abstract:The status of women in modern society in general has increased, but due to the influence of traditional cultural values, the real world there are still inequality between men and women. The Charlotte • Bronte's "Jane Eyre" is a masterpiece of Western feminism, this article will be thinking of the causes of feminism and feminist Jane thinking in the discourse, and her feminist ideas mainly through his Oh, beautiful breaking stereotypes, independent, stubborn, self-esteem, self-love, and political and economic equality to reflect the new concept of love, through the discussion to deepen our understanding of feminist ideology.Keywords:Feminist ideas；Independence；Stubborn；New Concept of Love前言随着女性地位的提高，女性主义也越来越被受到重视，所谓女性主义，归结起来就是：在全人类实现男女平等。
霍桑的_红字_中女性主义意识的体现_王成霞
作品评述霍桑的《红字》中女性主义意识的体现◎王成霞（华北科技学院外国语学院，河北廊坊065201）《红字》是美国作家霍桑最著名的小说，在文中霍桑塑造出一个犯通奸罪的反叛女性角色———海丝特。
他通过描述女主角海丝特的心理，揭示出了清教社会理念厌女意识及当时女性边缘的社会地位。
与此同时，霍桑还写出了男权社会中女性的不公平的待遇，这体现出了当时难能可贵的女性主义意识。
本文拟从女性主义这一角度，来分析一下霍桑的《红字》中女性主义思想意识的具体体现。
一、《红字》主题的解读《红字》这部小说从女性主义的层面上来看是描述了一个具有反叛性的女主人公———海丝特，她受到当时清教社会中女性主义思想传播的影响，霍桑创造性地将其描述成反抗男权主义压迫的女性主义先行者，进而体现出了态度鲜明的女性主义思想。
带着霍桑的创作思想，结合其当时的社会背景，进入小说的故事中，我们就可以体会出霍桑对于女性主义意识的独特写作手法，感受其反叛色彩的女性主义思想意识。
针对小说《红字》的主题我们可以清晰地看到，这不是一篇研究罪恶或者是罪恶影响方面的小说，而是一篇罪恶惩罚的有效性方面的小说，是一篇针对一些人的有用处罚，而不是针对所有人。
在小说中，作者霍桑更多地是表达对男权主义社会的谴责。
《红字》中，霍桑运用了非常独特的写作技巧，除了突出人性复杂的主题之外，还通过独特的构思和巧妙的组织，将女主人公海丝特的女性主义意识很好地体现了出来。
二、《红字》中海丝特角色分析（一）处于边缘地位的海丝特《红字》创作的时期是17世纪清教统治时期，当时是男权主义统治社会，整个社会都是围绕着男人为中心，女性成为了男性的附属部分，所以，妇女在当时的社会会受到排斥和控制，因此说，在男权主义的社会里，妇女都处于社会的边缘地位。
甚至是有些女评论家都认为男权主义社会中，厌女意识是最基本的统治准则之一，倘若要了解女性主义意识，那么就必须研究当时社会妇女的地位，并且这一做法是非常必要的。
浅析《紫色》中的女性主义(英文论文)
浅析《紫色》中的女性主义摘要：二十世纪美国黑人作家对美国文学的发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献，他们的作品极大地丰富了美国文学，同时也对世界文学的创作产生了巨大的影响。
进入七十年代以后，黑人女作家领导文学潮流，掀起了第三次美国黑人文学高潮。
艾丽丝•沃克是当代美国最杰出和最具影响力的黑人女性作家之一。
她对黑人命运问题的研究探讨，引起文坛瞩目，被认为是美国黑人作家中的后起之秀，有“女才子”之誉。
小说《紫色》是她文学创作的最高成就。
本文主旨意在分析《紫色》中的女性主义。
第一章简要地介绍了爱丽丝•沃克的个人经历及作品《紫色》。
第二章论文的理论基础—女性主义的含义和它的发展阶段。
第三章是本文的主体，以小说的主旨及其写作技巧—书信体形式两方面为切入点来分析《紫色》中所体现的女性主义。
最后本文得出女性如果要独立、自尊、自强，需通过自己不懈的努力，战胜重重困难，最终才能取得与男性平等的社会地位与权力的结论。
这也正是爱丽丝·沃克想要表达的女性主义的真正内涵。
关键词：《紫色》美国黑人女性女权主义双重压迫寻求独立An Analysis of Feminism in The Color PurpleLi YixuanAbstract: Afro—American writers have made great contribution to American literature in the 20th century. Their works have enormously enriched American literature and exerted great influence on literary creation in the world. Black women writers have set off a new upsurge of literature since the 1970s. This is called the third Renaissance of Afro—American literature. Alice Walker is one of the most remarkable and influential Afro—Americanwriters in contemporary American literary world. Her famous novel The Color Purple is the summit of her literary achievements. The thesis is intended to explore the Feminism in the novel The Color Purple. Chapter one gives a brief introduction to Alice Walker’s personal experience and her novel The Color Purple. Chapter two shows the theoretical foundation of the thesis—Feminism, the definition and the development of it. Chapter three, is the main body of the thesis, deals with the analysis of Feminism in this novel and its writing technique—epistolary style，use these two aspects as a starting point to analysis the feminist which embodied in this novel. The end of this paper which concluded if women want to gain independence, self—esteem and self—reliance, the only thing they can do is to try every effort and to overcome the numerous difficulties to gain these things. And finally they can get the social status and social rights which is equal to men. This is exactly what Alice Walker wants to express the true meaning of the Feminism.Keywords:The Color Purple; Afro—American women; Feminism; double oppression;independenceContents承诺保证书 (I)摘要 (II)Abstract (III)Introduction (1)I. A Brief Introduction of Alice Walker and Her Novel —The Color Purple (2)1.1 A Brief Introduction of Alice Walker (2)1.2 Alice Walker’s Literary Work—The Color Purple (3)II. Theoretical Foundation (5)2.1The Definition of Feminism (5)2.2The Development of Feminism (5)III. An Analysis of Feminism in the Novel—The Color Purple (8)3.1 The Theme of the Novel (8)3.1.1 Sex ual Oppression upon Black Women (8)3.1.2 Fighting for Independence (11)3.2 The Writing Technique and Rhetoric Method of the Novel (14)3.2.1 Epistolary Style (14)3.2.2 Metaphor (15)Conclusion (17)References (18)IntroductionThe Afro-American literature is one of the important parts of the American literature and it undergoes a very long development and different periods of development. In the earlier stage of the 20th century, Afro-American literature expresses the praise for black nationalities and the longings for equality and freedom. "Fictions of protest" by middle stage writers focus on the exposure of racism and the poverty of Afro-Americans and reveal the writers’anxiety about the American dream. In the later stage, female writers represented by Walker have been turned over a new leaf. This thesis is a brief analysis of Alice Walker and her famous work The Color Purple. In this novel Walker mainly discussed the contradiction between men and women. Disclose the oppression inside the black community. Though telling the story of Celie—an ordinary black woman in the southern village in American—from insensitive to bear the oppression from the black males to realize the reality and fright for herself. The author deeply disclose the life which Afro—American women were suffered and exquisite depicted the Celie’s sufferings. Use Walker’s words:This novel describes the emotion of social oppression and the spirit’s substances are all told by a black woman who suffered a frustrated life. While she—Celie finally found a way out. She finally found a job, got her friendship, her own love and dignity.” The great place of this novel is that it not only disclose the misery of Afro—American women, but also discussed how to help those women to get rid of the “the problem of recover oneself” traditionally.I. A Brief Introduction of Alice Walker and Her Novel —The Color Purple1.1 A Brief Introduction of Alice WalkerAlice Walker is one of the most important contemporary Afro—American women writers, born in 1944. She is a novelist, a short fiction writer, a poet, a critic all at once. She is the eighth child of a sharecropper family in Eatonton, Georgia, where the tenant farmer system kept most black families perpetually in debt. She always lived a very poor life and at that time education was not taken very seriously. But Walker’s mother insisted that her children should go to school. After her trying Walker started school at four years old and proved to be an excellent child.In 1961 Walker was awarded a scholarship to Spelman College, a small black women school in Atlanta. In the following years she was selected to attend the Youth World Peace Festival in Finland. It was also when she first heard about Dr. Marin Luther King in her freshman year at Spelman.In 1964, she transferred to Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxvile, New York where she majored in literature and has a deep study in Latin poetry and history. After graduating from Sarah Lawrence with a bachelor’s degree, Walker returned to the South and was actively to participate in the Civil Rights Movement. Her work in Georgia put her closely linked to the poorest and lowest educated Afro—Americans and allowed her to have an attention to the impact of poverty on the relationships between black men and women.In 1970, she wrote her first novel, The Third Life of George Copeland; her second collection of poems, Revolutionary Petunias and Other Poems (1973); her first short stories collection,In Love and Trouble: Stories of Black Women (1973). Walker became a leader of spokesperson for the black feminism.By 1979, her next novel began forming in her mind. She thought she must to write the novel in which the characters are trying to contact her, to speak through her. So she sold her house and moved to California, settling in the countryside of San Francisco, a place that “looked a lot like the town in Georgia most of the characters were from”. And there the things which in her mind came freely and the novel The Color Purple flowed.Alice Walker was a civil rights advocator and actively to take part in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s. She was a spokeswoman for the women’s movement. The honors and awards which she gained include Bread Loaf Writers’ Conference Scholar in 1966, Merrill Writing Fellow in 1966—1967, the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters Rosenthal Award in 1974 for In Love and Trouble, the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award in 1982 for The Color Purple, and so on. She is claimed to be one of the most famous black women writers in the American literary history.1.2 Alice Walker’s Literary Work—The Color PurpleThe background of the novel is in a southern American village roughly between 1916 and 1942, a period during the status of blacks remained unaltered in the Deep South. The protagonist Celie suffered a miserable life, at first she keeps silent about what happened on her, but this doesn’t stop bad things happening on her. H er mother dies, her two children are taken away, leaving her alone wondering whether they have been sold or even killed. Celie is victimized physically and mentally by her father. Utterly alone and out of desperation, she has no choice but to write to God to express her sufferings and feelings.Celie lives like a slave. In fact, the life with Albert, her husband, is the continuous of her nightmare. In the wedding day, Harpo, the oldest son of Albert welcomes Celiewith a rock laying her head open and the blood runs. He tortured her. His dad tells him not to do that. And he rapes Celie with her head blooding. Actually, Albert marries Celie not for love, just because he is in need of a servant to take good care of his three children and Celie just fit this.To Celie, the most desperate thing is that she never gets love and care from her mother, instead, her mother who doesn’t know the truth always screams and torture her. After she dies, Nettie, the most intimate woman in Celie’s life, is separated from Celie by Mr. Albert. Since then, Celie gets no message from her and thought she has died. Reading through the old letters, Celie knows Mr. Albert’s evil deeds with Nettie and her family’s truth. S he knows that her father, who rapes her, isn’t her natural father; her natural father has been dead because he is succeeding in the financial business in the white business world. Celie is angered by all that God has allowed to happen to her. She writes her last letter to God retelling her sufferings and accusing God of being silence. She is totally desperate to what has happened on her.As Celie curses on Mr. Albert for what he has done to her, she finds something which she has never been aware of. She has learned that the quality of life must not depend on the outside world; to be survived; to find one’s value; is what color purple means for. Celie can surround herself in purple, for she is in control of Kingdom.II. Theoretical Foundation2.1 The Definition of FeminismFeminism refers to a major woman’s experiences as the source and motivation of social theory and political movement. Critique of social relations, many supporters of feminism also focus on the analysis of gender inequality and promote women's rights, interests and issues. It also refers to a social theory and political movement with the female experience for its source in the social relations outside criticism, many women socialist supporters also focuses on the analysis of the gender inequality and promote women's rights and interests issues of feminist theory aims to understand the nature of the inequality, emphasis on gender, political power relations and sex consciousness (sexuality) on the theme of feminist inquiry, including discrimination stereotype materialized (especially about sex and chemical) body housework distribution oppressions and the oppression form the patriarchy. And in my opinion, the Feminism which Alice Walker discussed has a deeper meaning. It is a comprehensive protest to all kinds of oppression system (sexual oppression and racial oppression).2.2 The Development of FeminismFeminism in the nineteenth century gradually changed to the organized social movement because more and more people believe that women in a patriarchal society should treated equally. The feminist movement is rooted in the Western progressive, especially the nineteenth Century reform movement.Early feminists and early feminist movement is often called the first wave, and after 1960 feminist called the second wave. There is also the so-called the third-wave, but feminists for its existence necessity, contribution and concept disagree. The reason why these periods are called is because they like the waves, one after another; never discontinuous, later used the former Walker's contribution and resources.The Western Feminism can be mainly divided into three generations:The first generation of Western Feminism: Western Feminism originated in France bourgeois revolution and enlightenment movement, the second half of the nineteenth Century the emergence of the first generation, and the industrial revolution in Europe, is the representative of the British Harriet Tyler Mill. French female writer Gore in 1790 issued a “Declaration on the Rights of Women”, 17 women's rights. Declaration later became a programmatic document of the feminist movement. M. Wollstonecraft, British writer, published a book “Defense for Women's Rights”, in 1792, proposed that women should enjoy equal treatment with men in education, employment and politics. Until 1920, the United States passed a bill to protect women the right to vote. The initial appeal of women in education and legislation should be equal. In the United States, Elizabeth Cady Stanton National Woman Suffrage Association represented (NWSA) repeatedly requested the federal Congress to allow women to participate in political polling repeatedly refused to encounter, eventually in the Nineteenth Amendment (1920). During this period, feminism is not elevated to the level of theory, is mainly a number of practical activities and “March 8. International Women's Day "was born.The second generation of Western Feminism: The second stage is the most important phase of feminism in the West stage. The feminists found that although the women in the field of political and economic fight for equality and efforts to achieve significant results, but the unequal status of women in social life has not been fundamentally improved. For example, groups of women get the right to vote in politics is still in a low position , occupational segregation and career development prospects of poor highlights, the case of equal pay for equal work , equal employment basically guaranteed. This contradiction prompted feminist thinking in depth, forming a unique feminist theory. From early 20th until 1960s, the world experienced two world wars. During this period, Afro—American woman still under the control of themale society. The challenge which they faced is the patriarchal society, challenges the "class" system.The third generation of Western Feminism: Postmodern Feminism.Postmodern Feminism began in the last century 60-80 age, her resulting presumably and two factors, one is, since 60's "liberation" and the men and women in opposition to the feminist thought, has brought numerous family breakdown, single mothers and the AIDS epidemic, so people began to reflect: especially in the elimination of binary opposition between men and women, forming “Gentle Feminist”, "Green Feminists”. While recognizing the achievements of the feminist movement to protect women's rights, it also questioned the other hand; feminists have tried to subvert the traditional family model. Post-modern feminism is still a growth stage. Trying to eliminate inequality between men and women on the basis of the recognition of gender differences, emphasizing the social nature of gender roles, the idea of equality between men and women as a product of patriarchy .Thus, postmodern feminist emerge as the times require.III. An Analysis of Feminism in the Novel—The Color Purple3.1 The Theme of the NovelThe color purple is a feminist Bildungsroman. It tells how Afro—American women find themselves and fight for themselves though describing the sufferings of what Celie had experienced.While revealing patriarchy’s oppression upon Afro—American women, feminists point out that while disclosing the oppressions, what Afro—American men done had consequently deepens Afro—American women’s suffering. As Hruston states in Their Eyes were Watching God: “So de white man throw down de load and tell de nigger man thus pick it up. He picks it up because he has to, but he doesn’t tote it. He hand it to his woman folks. De nigger woman is de mule of the worlds so far as ah can see.” Alice Walker tries to disclose these oppressions in her novels. In The Color Purple, Walker also shows us how racism exacerbates these oppressions in Afro—American family. Black feminist writers reveal racial, gender oppressions between the sexes to improve the gender binary opposition between men and women, longing for an ideal, gender relation.Throughout these oppressions that the Afro—American women suffers, the main oppressions were racial oppression and sexual oppression.3.1.1 Sexual Oppression upon Black WomenSexual oppression has a great influence to the Afro—American women. The black has consciously in the face of modern society of sexual discrimination. Compared with men, blac k women’s statuses are lower. Their marginalized status is not only caused by racial discrimination, but also from male social gender discrimination.Alice Walker writes: “Black women are called in the folklore that so aptly identifies one’s status in society ‘the mule of the world’, because we have been handed the burdens that everyone else refuse to carry.” In the Color Purple, the only choice for a girl like Nettie to make is “either to marry somebody like her husband or wind up in some white lady kitc hen.”(CP 1987:17) In a patriarchy society, women are the main labor force both at home and in the fields.Although black women are the main labor force of the black family, they have no rights they deserve. On the contrary, they are constantly beaten by their husband. Mr. X—Celie’s husband, instructs his son: “Wives is like children. You have o let them know who got the upper hand. Nothing can do better th an a good sound beating.”(CP 1997:34) Mr. X beats Celie “like her beat the children. Cept he cont eve r hardly beat them. He say, Celie, git the belt. The children be outside the room peeking through the crack…”(CP 1987:22) The men who exploit and oppress women are acting out what Diana E.H.Russell terms the “masculinity mystique”—“To win, to be superior, to conquer, and to control demonstrate masculinity to those who subscribe to common cultural notions of masculinity.” Since Harpo is confused by the perfect control that his father exerts over Celie, he feels less than a man because of his inability to control his wife Sofia. Following his father’s instruction, Harpo keeps on beat ing Sofia and this finally leads to their separation.Except for the heavy burden and physical hurts, black women are sexually abused. In black men’s eyes, black women are only t he instruments for them to release their bad mood. They just enjoy their own happiness and the only thing left for women is the untold sufferings.In the Color Purple, in order to control women under their power, black men constantly impose their own con cept upon black women. Celie has “always been a good girl.”(CP 1987:3) She is so good—natured even his stepfather has to admit that “she good with children… Never heard her say a hard word to one of them.”(CP1987:12) She selflessly helps to take care of Shug when she is seriously ill, although she is he r husband’s mistress; she is also a clever student in school praised by her teacher, she says that: “long as she been a teacher she never know nobody want to learn bad” as her. But her stepfather always abus es her. He introduces Celie to Mr. X : “She ain’t fresh… She spoiled. She ugly… She is too old to be living her at home. And she has a bad influence on my other girls… She ain’t smart either… And another thing—she tell lies.”(CP1987:10) In his eyes, Celie is “evil and always up to no good” and “he can’t stand” hr no more. (CP 1987:5)Shug is also a good woman. She follows one of the few professions open to black women: blues singer; she is independent economically by hard working; she safeguards her selfhood; she asserts her own value; she displays a wisdom learned in her working lives to teach the girls she loves not to allow others to use or revile their individuality and tells the men what she thinks of their weaknesses. One thing that we can figure out is that one of the strategies the black men employ to take women under their control is to decry their reputation and deprive them of their confidence. They try all the means to let the women believe that they themselves are bad in nature and inborn, so they deserve any kind of ill—treatments black men exert on them.In Africa, men, even some women, don’ think girl need to be educated. When Nettie asks a mother why she thinks so, she said, “A girl is nothing to herself, only to hr husband can she become s omething.”(CP 1987:132) When Tashi, a little girlfriend of Olivia, Celie’s daughter in Africa, learns some knowledge from Olivia and becomes quiet and thoughtful, her patents even get upset for being afraid that she will not fit into village life. In addition, women are deprived of the right to choose the ways of their lives from their own free will. In the novel, it is Celie’s stepfather who chooses husband for Celie. He is her owner. In a scene reminiscent of a slave action, Celie is passed like a piece of property from one creel and domineering black male into the hands of another:The Color Purple is to expose the double oppression endured by the black women so that the solution to this problem existing in the black community can push forward the develo pment of black people’s unity. The most significant for Alice Walker is that she advances her tentative solution—feminism in the hope of curing the social diseases of racism and sexism and promoting the development of society.Walker through the description of a black woman seeking her dual identity reveals to us that only if black women in the United States integrated black blood, do the masters of their own destiny, he creates his own, can they get rid of edge position, and obtain their own identity.3.1.2 Fighting for IndependenceAlthough the Afro—American women under the control of the patriarchal social, they never give up struggling for their own independence. Their independence can be discussed mainly from these two aspects: familial independence and social independence.In the patriarchal family, women are the labor force both inside the house and outside in the field. However they didn’t get what they deserve to get, such as equality, love and respect. On the contrary, they suffered pain and mental torture. What they had experienced also sowed the seeds for the future of their resistance.Social independence implies black women’s independence in the society, including economical and political independence. In America, many Afro—American women have to depend on black men mainly due to their main status in economy. They are generally degraded to objects and became the secondary gender in the society. So exploration for social independence is very significant for black women to change their social status. In the Color Purple, the feminist explores to gain social independence mainly by using the Afro—American woman’s potential ability, whichalso discloses the feministic viewpoint—to make full use of black women’s strong viewpoints and realizing the importance of gaining their own social independence.Number one is Celie’s self-identity and women's socialist mental health.Identity, is one of the major contents in western literary criticism, it advocates accented literature classic, the thorough analysis colonial hegemony and male central cultural rewriting history between men and women in colonial conflict story.If Celie continue to maintain a callous life, resigned, muddy disturbance to spend her life go, then, then the characters will fall into the traditional literature's misconduct. However, Walker doesn’t want to fall into formality. She, in an interview said: "people not only to live, to prosperity but also to love life. She gave her life to the love and life " Live unremitting pursuit, pour into to literary works, Celie from decayed traditional thought to emancipate herself, helped herself to set up the life of optimism attitude, to break the traditional literature in the description of black women "" False image, namely and the reality of black women did not fit with the image, Shaping a new black women's image.Number two is Celie’s exploration: from the rebellious to rebirth.In Ceie’s mind God is omniscient and omnipotent. After these sufferings, God is the only listener and savior to her, however, after sent 55 letters to God and without any answers back to her, Celie could no longer bear it, she even said: “ What did God do for me?—He is a big devil, his behavior is just like any other man I know: frivolous, forgetful and contemptible.” This sentence represents the first leap of her character’s development. She not only challenges the authority of God’s but also challenges the patriarchy’s thought.Independent women, who run away from her family and then return to it again, will have a different feeling. After the success, she forgives her husband whom once abused her, and then they become very good friends. Although she don’t want to rebuild her family, but in her opinion, her husband was not as disgusting as before. Her concern about personal destiny cares about group destiny, from the thinking about the individual value, personal survival significance to all mankind pain and liberation exploration. She stood at the height of the human life, overlooking human life and rethinks the life. This humanity spirit and highly responsibility really make us to rethink on and take example by.Number three is from Celie’s heart journey to see Walker’s women socialist connotationCelie’s self identity and women's socialist spirit is meaningful; it ha s the ideal womanism of the author. The Color Purple describes a group of black women whom representative is Celie, they pursue for equal rights and personal identity, struggle to enlarge the attention range. Walker wrote the black woman whom in the lowest social level, what’s more important, on the basis of racial and sexual oppression; Walker added to the natural element and combines them together. Committed to achieve interpersonal, man and natural’s harmonious survival mode.Moreover, Celie's tolerant and mind is universal love is what Walker’s Socialist soul places. In the process of difficult self-identity construction, pursue women's spirit use the spirit of tolerance to forgive those black men who had abused them; Black male also abandoned the original great man's doctrine thought, through the self-improvement, they not only realize the spirit of their own survival, but also promoted other characters in the novel (especially the female character) complete live, thus bring the black community to a rebirth.In economy, the womanist quests for self—realization form black feminine household activities, which are usually belittled by black males or even females themselves by relating to revelations of black women as the weak sex in the society. The womanist realizes her limitless potential as a black woman in her daily work—the wisdom and artistic creativity, by which she gains self—confidence and self—support, and thus actualizes her independence in the society.In culture, the womanist quests for social independence by her own black feminine tradition. She persists in presenting her creative artistic charm as a black woman, in her feminine creative activities, such as quilting, designing nd making pants. While questing for black woman’s beauty and dign ity in these artistic activities, she gets her cultural independence. Moreover, Celie sticks to speaking her native language instead of the Standard English, which also indicates her persistent exploration for her own cultural tradition and her cultural independence.At the end of the novel, Celie achieves great economical success; she sets up her own company to produce all kinds of pants designed by her. By making pants, Celie creates a new way to make her living and completely frees herself from subordinate status in economy and realizes her self—independence in the society. She is no longer the oppressed, exploitative, abusive object. She can say what she wants to say. She founded her female subjectivity, and eventually became the woman who has full of confidence, dignity, and personality. From the reverse to stand on her own, Celie produced very big change, after awakening has more strong resistance. She insisted on using their own language to express them, express her anger, her joy and her song.3.2 The Writing Technique and Rhetoric Method of the Novel3.2.1 Epistolary StyleEpistolary novel is a type of novel in which the author is carry on by means of series of letters. It is a traditional feminine genre associated with women’s voice, feelings。
《爱玛》的女性主义分析
《爱玛》的女性主义分析【摘要】《爱玛》是英国女作家简·奥斯汀作品之一。
爱玛在作品中的形象是一位富有个性的富家女的形象，它是一个具有双性特点的形象，爱玛形象的塑造是按照男性的文化的范本进行塑造的，这样就早场了女性心灵的异化以及生存的毁灭。
同时爱玛的角色还具有反叛的特点，所以它被认为是妖女或者是恶魔。
爱玛为了精神和肉体的爱情倾注了所有，这也就造成了它人格的分裂和死亡。
【关键词】爱玛；双性同体；男性特征前言《爱玛》是一部成功的作品，很多人都喜欢这部作品，并且小说中的主人公爱玛这一角色也深受读者的喜欢，这也许和作者本人有一定的关系，作者在现实生活中精力了各种痛苦和失落，尤其是在婚姻上经历了很多的痛苦。
这与当时的社会背景也有一定的关系，当时的社会歧视女性，这样就造成了小说在女性形象的塑造上，往往会以不平等的、不公平的形象出现。
这也就造成了小说中的女性往往会具有女性和男性的双重特性，也就是双性同体的特质。
另外小说中塑造出的形象往往是生活的真实写照。
一、女性主义批评理论的起源和发展女性主义批评理论出现在20世纪70年代，其主要观点就是男权社会中，男性的地位是非常高的，在思想和社会生活中都占据着主要的地位；女性的地位则是非常低的，会遭到排斥。
女性主义批评理论主要是站在女性的角度上，对女性在家庭和社会生活中的人权问题进行探讨。
女性主义的支持者们也在不断的提高对女性的理解和思考，不断地促使女性地位的提高，这样就使女性的可以获得更多的教育，从思想上获得独立，从而积极地融入到社会中去。
二、《爱玛》中女性主义意识的体现1、爱玛是一个聪慧，判断力强的女性在英国，传统的女性是没有地位的，是没有办法和男性相提并论的，女性的魅力也不是源于思想、智慧、理性，其更重要的是温柔、顺从、魅力。
然而作者却不认同这一点，在《爱玛》中进行形象塑造的时候，将其塑造成一个特别聪慧、具有非常强判断力的女性形象。
爱玛的行为尽管有的时候会有一点错误，但是在作者的笔下却仍将其塑造成一个令人信服的。
《名利场》中贝基夏普的女性主义解读
《名利场》中贝基夏普的女性主义解读一、本文概述《名利场》是19世纪英国作家威廉·梅克比斯·萨克雷的代表作，以其深刻的社会洞察和鲜明的人物刻画而著称。
在这部小说中，贝基·夏普这一角色尤为引人注目，她以独特的魅力和坚韧的精神，展现了女性在名利场中如何生存与抗争。
本文旨在从女性主义的角度解读贝基·夏普这一角色，探讨她在男性主导的社会中如何争取自身的权益，并以此为切入点，分析萨克雷如何通过这一角色对当时社会的女性地位进行了深刻的揭示和批判。
本文首先对《名利场》这部作品进行简要介绍，概括其主要情节和人物关系，以便读者对故事背景有一个清晰的认识。
随后，将重点聚焦于贝基·夏普这一角色，分析她的性格特征、行为动机以及她在名利场中所面临的种种挑战。
通过深入剖析贝基·夏普的内心世界和她与周围男性角色的互动关系，本文将揭示出萨克雷如何通过这一角色对女性主义进行了深刻的思考。
在接下来的部分，本文将结合女性主义理论，对贝基·夏普在名利场中的生存策略进行解读。
一方面，贝基·夏普以其聪明才智和灵活应变的能力，在男性主导的社会中争取到了一席之地；另一方面，她也面临着种种性别歧视和社会压迫，这使得她的生活充满了艰难和挑战。
通过对贝基·夏普的深入分析，本文将揭示出萨克雷对女性主义的重要见解，以及他对女性在社会中的地位和权益的关切。
本文将对《名利场》中贝基·夏普的女性主义解读进行总结，并指出萨克雷通过这一角色所传达的女性主义思想和价值观。
本文也将对女性主义在当今社会的意义和影响进行探讨，以期能够为读者提供一个全面而深入的理解《名利场》中贝基·夏普这一角色的视角。
二、贝基·夏普的女性主义特征在《名利场》这部作品中，贝基·夏普这一角色以其独特的女性主义特征，成为了文学史上一个引人注目的形象。
她身上所展现的女性主义并非传统意义上的“女权”，而是一种更为复杂和多元的体现。
《傲慢与偏见》中女性主义的体现
�宋 葳 姜 炼
伊丽莎白 的理智 和情感 都来自 其自信 以及 其
一, 伊丽莎白的智慧
传统上，人们认为女性不过是 男性的附庸， 而 且一般对于妇女的描写也仅限于粗 鲁的家庭主妇. 为了改变这一看法， 奥 斯丁让她笔下的男性 人物不 断地向女性学习.在 �傲 慢与偏见� 中， 我 们可以看 到达西在伊丽莎白身上受益良多， 并最后改 变了其 对伊丽莎白最初的误解.本文着重挖掘这部小说中 伊丽莎白 以及其 他角色 的言行 之中如 何展现出 女 权主义思想. 伊丽莎 白举止 优雅， 博学 多才， 更 为重要的 是 她对世界有着独到的理解和敏锐的 观察， 正 是这样 一种素质使得伊丽莎白最先发现了 简的恋情， 也正 是这样的素质反映出了书中其他女 性角色的愚钝. 正是这样， 伊丽莎白表 现出了不同于其时代 的女性 意识, 敏锐的头脑和自 己的判断能力.书 中刚一开 始， 读者就已经知道班 内特先生最喜欢的就 是二女 儿伊丽莎白， 因为她比 她的姐妹们聪明得多 .尽管 年轻，伊丽莎白并未被乡村生活的 闭塞所封闭， 她 总是喜欢研究其他人的性格和生活 ， 而且对 周围的 事物也总是精于观察. 伊丽莎白和达西的误解开始于宾格雷的家庭舞 会， 达西对伊丽莎白的评价极大地刺伤了她的自尊. 伊丽莎白有着非常清楚的女性意识，她认为女性应 该得到和男性一样的尊重， 而且正是由于这点， 她无 法接受达西的傲慢.然而， 伊丽莎白的教育决定了伊 丽莎白的态度 ，她所要求的是达 西要改变其态度， 而且， 只要达西可以做到这一点， 她就会原谅他. 一方面， 伊丽莎白 拥有的是近乎于知觉 的洞察 力， 另一方面， 她也继承了父亲的幽 默， 其谈 话中充 满了智慧和幽默.她的语言非常 简洁有力， 这一点 在和达西的对话中展现得最为充分.
《女性主义视角下的文学经典解读》
女性主义视角下的文学经典解读在文学领域中，女性主义视角的出现为我们带来了全新的解读方式和观点。
本文将从女性主义的角度出发，对一些经典文学作品进行深入解读，并探讨其中反映出的社会、文化和性别问题。
1.《简爱》《简爱》是夏洛蒂·勃朗特创作的一部经典小说，被广泛认为是女性主义文学的代表之一。
通过观察主人公简·爱在一个男权社会中的生活经历，我们可以看到作者对妇女地位和权利的关注。
首先，简·爱作为一个平凡却坚强独立的女性形象，对传统社会中的婚姻制度提出了质疑。
她拒绝成为丈夫罗切斯特家庭中的侍女，坚持追求自己独立而自由的生活方式。
其次，在与罗切斯特相处过程中，她展示了与男性平等竞争和交流的能力。
她不只是罗切斯特贵族身份下最低阶层工资阶级劳动者们的老师，她更是挑战了爱情和婚姻中传统的权力结构。
最后，在小说最终的解决方案中，当简·爱的自我价值和尊严被捍卫时，她通过拒绝与罗切斯特同时回到他们曾经共同生活的庄园，展示了一个女性能够独立并掌控自己命运的积极形象。
2.《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀研究社会习俗和身份阶层问题的经典之作。
在这部小说中，作者通过对女主角伊丽莎白·班内特的刻画来探讨妇女地位与社会期望之间的张力。
伊丽莎白代表了一种独立、聪明和有主见的女性形象。
她坚持追求真实而深厚的感情，并不盲从于传统观念上对待财富、地位或外貌等因素。
通过叙述伊丽莎白与达西先生之间错综复杂却富有张力的关系，作者揭示了以婚姻为核心的社会制度对于女性自由和独立的限制。
伊丽莎白的才智和主见使她不愿意妥协，最终找到了真正与她相配的伴侣。
3.《红字》纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》是一部关于道德、罪恶和社会压迫的经典小说。
故事中描述了一位被标记为通奸者的女性——海丝特·普林，以及她在17世纪新英格兰朴素社会中所面临的屈辱和困境。
这部小说通过讲述海丝特被追究责任、受到社会唾弃以及被判定为异类后，揭示了一个女性因道德约束和重男轻女观念所带来的无法逾越之墙。
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Feminism in literature work: To Pride and Prejudice as anexample201205002796 邹玮含卓财12-1 Word-count: 926The half of the human is women, but since the patriarchy society [1], their rights, value, appeals and wishes had been ignored for a long time. Before the 17th century, the women almost had no rights, in the ceremony of the church, the man is the owner of the women, women must following her husband or her father, all of the women belongs to her husband, on the other words, women is nothing without her husband. On the 18th century, the Enlightenment began, reformers began to critics this social phenomenon, and it is for this reason that the Feminism began to rise. It is in this period that a great amount of books describe the female published, such as Jane Eyre [2], Анна Каренина[3], Sense and Sensibility [4], and so on. A significant feature of these books is that the most of actress are desire to be respected; it is also one of the feature of Feminism literature.The Feminism in narrow, we can look it as a kind of ideology. Except political movements, the biggest impact of Feminism was its thinking. It is because of this thinking, makes movies or books full of vitality. To Pride and Prejudice as an example, I will analyze the expression of this thinking in literature works.The style of Jane Austen’s work is describing the daily life of the ladies and gentleman in England village, the Pride and Prejudice is no exception. Whole the novel is taking the emotional relationship between Miss. Lizzie and Mr. Darcy as the main line, and shows the view of marriage in England at that time ------ ‘It is a truthuniversally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife’[5]. In actually, what the novel told about is not a rich single man should marry a wife but a woman with no fortune should marry a rich man, it is also reflects the view of marriage at that time, on the other words, it is reflects the ethos that the women should subordinate to men.In the novel, Miss. Lizzie born in a downfallen landowning family and the Mr. Darcy is a nobleman from North England where were industrializing. As the old family member from industrial city, Darcy look up down on rural families and business class. Like most of nobles, Darcy was arrogant and rude but elegant. Because of that, Lizzie was sick of Darcy, besides, she thinks Darcy is a selfish man and hard to get along with. While Lizzie expressing her prejudice to Darcy, her feminist idea was revealed at the same time, so she was not afraid when she face the gap of identity between she and Darcy. When Darcy proposes to Lizzie for the first time, Lizzie refused and berated him, shocked and speechless, the only can Darcy said is ‘sorry’. Under the view of feminism, Lizzie is an independent and thoughtful girl, married by Darcy is wonderful chance to change the situation for other women, but what the Lizzie pursing is not cling to others’money and position but her own independent and freedom, so she refused the propose of Mr. Darcy at the first time he asked although Darcy’s love is so deeply. Darcy’s refuse have profound social significance because all of her decides were depends on her Feminist thought. After that, Lizzie witnessed Darcy’s work and live, especially Darcy changes his pride and conceit, because of that, Lizzie removes her prejudice to Darcy many days later and gets married with Mr.Darcy.It is not difficult to find that what Lizzie attracts Darcy is not her appearance but her mind. Darcy is attracted by Lizzie’s words, her attitude that not yield to traditional views, her advocate freedom, her independent, her brave to face the gap of identity and her candor. The Pride and Prejudice breached shackles of Masculinity in that period to build the subjective consciousness of the female and the position of female writing. This work breached the prejudice to women in traditional literature works and bring the fault to man. Compare with Brontë sisters [6], the style of Jane Austen is more modest and ironic, but it can yet be regarded as a valuable significance of women’s liberation at that time. Whatever, the Pride and Prejudice had reflects the social flavors of 18th century that the marriage based on money and social status, but Jane Austen had raised objections to this social phenomenon in this book. Besides, unlike the traditional literature works, the Pride and Prejudice has emphasized the ‘will and desire’ of women, preach the independent of women, and inspire the women to pursuit what they need. All told, the Pride and Prejudice has open the window for feminist literature, and the feminist literary works has open the road for women’s liberation.Citation:[1] Patriarchy society: Male-dominated society.[2] Jane Eyre: Published in 1847, written by Charlotte Brontë.[3] Анна Каренина: Written in 1874-1877, by Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy.[4] Sense and Sensibility: Published in 1811, the first work of Jane Austen.[5] ‘It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife’: The opening words of Pride and Prejudice.[6] Bronte sisiters: Charlotte Bronte, the writer of Jane Eyre. Emily Bronte, the writer of Wuhering Heights. Anne Bronte, the writer of Agnes Grey and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.。